Egg support type friction nanometer power generation pavement plate

Abstract

The utility model discloses an egg support type friction nanometer power generation pavement plate, the power generation principle of the plate is friction power generation and electrostatic induction coupling effect, current is generated through electron transfer generated by interaction between polar materials, and the purpose of pavement power generation is achieved. The plate at least comprises three structural layers, namely a compression-resistant protective layer, a friction nano power generation layer and a high-strength bearing layer from top to bottom, wherein the friction nano power generation layer is provided with a multi-layer egg support type insulating plate, a metal electrode layer, two friction surfaces which are attached to the friction nano power generation layer and have opposite polarities, an elastic support body and a rectifying circuit layer connected with the metal electrode layer. The utility model relates to a pavement plate with a function of collecting pavement vibration energy, which is arranged between a surface layer of a newly-built pavement and a structural layer or between structural layers of an existing pavement, and generates electric energy through a contact-separation friction process of a friction nanometer power generation layer under the action of vertical force and horizontal force generated by wheel load. And the application potential is wide.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to road engineering, energy collection technical field, specifically relates to the new type of pavement block that friction nanometer power generation technology is applied to road energy collection. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the end of 2023, the mileage of China's highways reached 543.68 million kilometers, an increase of 8.20 million kilometers compared with the end of 2022, and the development scale of the transportation industry is expanding. Among the energy consumed by road vehicles, about 85% of the energy is dissipated into the surrounding environment in the form of kinetic energy and heat energy, among which the road vibration caused by the running of vehicles belongs to a low-frequency irregular low-quality energy. If the vibration energy generated by vehicles can be collected and utilized, the huge energy demand in society will be solved.

[0003] Friction nanometer power generation technology has higher energy conversion efficiency in collecting low-frequency, irregular mechanical energy. A large number of studies have found that the open-circuit voltage and instantaneous energy conversion efficiency of friction nanometer power generation technology are much higher than those of piezoelectric, magneto-electric and other devices. However, the research on domestic friction nanometer power generation technology is mainly used in the fields of Internet of Things, electronic skin, ocean development, etc., and few people apply it to road engineering. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] In order to apply friction nanometer power generation technology to the field of road engineering, the utility model aims to provide a pavement block for applying friction nanometer power generation technology in road engineering, which collects the road mechanical vibration energy generated by vehicle running for power generation, realizing the green environmental protection and low-carbon high-efficiency development goal of road energy utilization.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a pavement block of egg tray type friction nanometer power generation model, characterized by using the mechanical energy generated by road vibration to make the polar friction surface in the block produce a contact-separation process, and then collecting electric energy through charge transfer. The technical scheme adopted is:

[0006] Among them, the egg tray type friction nanometer power generation pavement block is a regular block structure, and its plane is rectangular, hexagonal or other shapes.

[0007] Preferably, the block is applied to pedestrian sidewalks, bicycle lanes and other non-motorized lanes, and its thickness is controlled at 40mm-350mm and the plane width is controlled at 100mm-1000mm according to the different load sizes. The block is composed of a compression-resistant protective layer with a thickness of 5mm-50mm, a friction nanometer power generation layer with a thickness of 30mm-150mm, and a high-strength bearing layer with a thickness of 5mm-150mm.

[0008] Preferably, the plate block is applied to motor lanes of each grade highway, urban road, etc., and its thickness is controlled at 40mm-500mm and its planar width is controlled at 200mm-1500mm according to traffic volume, road grade and traffic load grade. The plate block is composed of a compression-resistant protective layer with a thickness of 5mm-100mm, a friction nano power generation layer with a thickness of 30mm-200mm and a high-strength bearing layer with a thickness of 5mm-200mm.

[0009] Preferably, the plate block is directly laid on the surface layer of the asphalt pavement or between the structural layers by brushing emulsified asphalt, hot asphalt, epoxy resin and other bonding materials. If laid on the surface layer, the compression-resistant protective layer needs to consider the anti-skid function, and the periphery is sealed with waterproof materials, so as to meet the dual functional requirements of safe driving and power generation.

[0010] The compression-resistant protective layer is made of plate-shaped polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate and other organic polymer materials, or plate-shaped glass fiber composite materials, cement concrete and metal materials according to the requirements of highway grade, traffic load grade and structural layer position.

[0011] The high-strength bearing layer is made of cement concrete, epoxy mortar, glass fiber, metal and other materials according to the requirements of highway grade, traffic load grade and structural layer position.

[0012] Preferably, any one of the viscous materials in the structural sealant, silicone waterproof sealant, two-component silicone glue (glass glue), two-component polysulfide glue and two-component polyurethane can be used for close bonding between the compression-resistant protective layer and the friction nano power generation layer, and between the friction nano power generation layer and the high-strength bearing layer. Rivets or bolt materials can also be used for riveting or bolting fixation.

[0013] The periphery of the plate block is sealed with waterproof materials such as rubber, and the waterproof materials surround the friction nano power generation layer and are closely connected with the compression-resistant protective layer and the high-strength bearing layer, so as to prevent water vapor in the external air from entering and protect the friction nano power generation layer from the influence of the external environment.

[0014] The friction nano power generation layer is composed of an upper egg tray type supporting plate, a middle egg tray type supporting plate, a lower egg tray type supporting plate, an elastic support body and a rectifier circuit layer connected with each metal electrode layer.

[0015] Preferably, the friction nano power generation layer can include a plurality of stacked supporting plates, and each middle supporting plate unit is sequentially stacked with a second polarity friction surface with opposite polarity to the upper supporting plate, a metal electrode layer, an egg tray type insulating plate, a metal electrode layer and a first polarity friction surface with opposite polarity to the lower supporting plate.

[0016] The upper layer egg tray type insulation board is the structure between the metal electrode layer and the pressure-resistant protective layer, the lower layer egg tray type insulation board is the structure between the metal electrode layer and the high-strength bearing layer, and the middle layer egg tray type insulation board is the structure between the upper and lower layer egg tray type insulation boards, and the material can be selected from any one or combination of the following insulation materials: bisphenol A type epoxy resin, modified bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and alicyclic epoxy resin.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom surface of the egg tray type insulation board in the upper layer egg tray type insulation board is sequentially pasted with the metal electrode layer and the first polarity friction surface; and the top surface of the egg tray type insulation board in the lower layer egg tray type insulation board is sequentially pasted with the metal electrode layer and the second polarity friction surface.

[0018] Preferably, the protrusions and grooves in the egg tray type insulation board can adopt geometric solid structures such as hemispherical surface, semi-ellipsoidal surface, conical surface, pyramid surface, or a rotating surface formed by rotating a cosine function around a vertical axis, that is, the grooves and protrusions are alternately distributed, and each layer of the tray plate can be embedded, the edge of the egg tray body is chamfered to reduce stress concentration, and the protrusion part of each layer of the tray plate needs to ensure that 2 / 5 is in the corresponding groove of the other layer, and each layer of the tray plate is connected into a whole through the elastic support body, so that the multi-layer tray plate structure can be embedded and contacted under the action of the driving load, the spatial dislocation of the pavement panel structure caused by the dynamic load can be prevented, and the contact generated by the horizontal displacement can be fully utilized to generate electricity.

[0019] Preferably, the distance between the egg tray type tray plates is controlled to be 0.5mm-10mm.

[0020] Preferably, the center distance between the adjacent egg tray bodies is controlled to be 10mm-100mm, the boundary distance is controlled to be 0mm-25mm, the protrusion height and the groove depth are controlled to be 3mm-30mm, and the surface area of the protrusion or groove is controlled to be 10mm 2 -2600mm 2 .

[0021] Preferably, the elastic support body is any one of different kinds of elastic rubber and spring, and the shape adopts any one of a cylinder and a prism, the bottom diameter or side length is controlled to be 3mm-10mm, and the height is controlled to be 10mm-30mm.

[0022] Preferably, the elastic support body is arranged in the tray plate in the friction nano power generation layer, so that the tray plate can be effectively contacted and separated, and in the case of meeting the mechanical indicators, the elastic support body can be arranged in a spaced or quincunx shape to further save costs.

[0023] Preferably, the elastic support is connected to the upper and lower egg tray layers by using any one of the following: structural sealant, silicone waterproof sealant, two-component silicone glue (glass glue), two-component polysulfide glue, and two-component polyurethane.

[0024] The metal electrode layer is made of any one of copper sheet / copper foil and aluminum sheet / aluminum foil.

[0025] Preferably, the metal electrode layer is adhered to the surface of the egg tray layers, and the thickness of the metal electrode layer is controlled to be 0.1mm-2.5mm.

[0026] Preferably, the metal electrode layer and the first polar friction surface are made of the same material, and in this case, the two are not superimposed, but only one layer of material can play the two roles.

[0027] Preferably, when the metal electrode layer is in contact with the second polar friction surface, the protrusions and grooves are removed, and a hole form is adopted.

[0028] The first polar friction surface and the second polar friction surface are made of two materials with opposite polarities, and the friction nano power generation mode of the plate is a contact-separation mode. Under the action of the vehicle load, the first polar friction surface and the second polar friction surface are constantly in contact and separation to generate electric charge, which is transmitted to the energy storage device through the metal electrode layer.

[0029] Preferably, the material of the first polar friction surface is any one of polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, artificial fiber, copper, silver, sulfur, nickel, hard rubber, wood, cotton and its fabric, paper, aluminum, wool and its fabric, silk and its fabric, melamine, nylon, ethyl cellulose, and polyformaldehyde.

[0030] Preferably, the material of the second polar friction surface is any one of polyester, polyisobutylene, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyral, neoprene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-chlorinated polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0031] Preferably, the second polar friction surface can be formed or polished by selecting sandpaper with different mesh numbers to prepare friction surfaces with different roughness, and the thickness is controlled to be 0.1mm-2.5mm.

[0032] Preferably, the second polarity friction surface can be pasted or bonded on the metal electrode layer by using a bonding material with conductive ability, such as conductive adhesives with different fillers: high-conductive silver-coated copper epoxy conductive adhesive, graphene nano-silver epoxy conductive adhesive, high-durability epoxy conductive adhesive, 400℃-resistant cyanate ester conductive adhesive, low-temperature curing nano-silver conductive adhesive, stretchable conductive adhesive, etc.

[0033] The rectifier circuit layer and the metal electrode layer are connected by copper wires or aluminum wires to convert the alternating current generated by the friction nano power generation layer into direct current and then transmit the direct current into the roadside energy storage device for energy collection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] The utility model makes further explanation to the utility model with the drawings and examples.

[0035] Fig. 1 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the egg holder type friction nano power generation circuit panel block of the utility model.

[0036] Fig. 2 It is the three-dimensional structure development diagram of the egg holder type friction nano power generation circuit panel block of the utility model.

[0037] Fig. 3 It is the section view of the egg holder type friction nano power generation circuit panel block of the utility model.

[0038] The various reference signs in the drawings represent:

[0039] 1. Pressure-resistant protective layer; 2. Friction nano power generation layer; 21. Egg holder type upper layer supporting plate; 211. Egg holder type insulating plate; 2111. Convex; 2112. Groove; 212. Metal electrode layer; 213. First polarity friction surface 22. Middle layer supporting plate; 221. Second polarity friction surface; 23. Egg holder type lower layer supporting plate; 24. Rectifier circuit layer; 25. Elastic support; 3. High-strength bearing layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the utility model. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described below are only used for illustrating and explaining the utility model, and are not used for limiting the utility model. The directions mentioned in the utility model, such as "upper", "lower", etc. are only the directions of the drawings, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the utility model.

[0041] For example, Figs. 1 to 3The utility model discloses an egg tray type friction nanometer power generation plate block embodiment is shown, and the structure includes compression protection layer 1, friction nanometer power generation layer 2, high -strength bearing layer 3, wherein the friction nanometer power generation layer 2 is provided with egg tray type upper layer supporting plate 21, egg tray type lower layer supporting plate 23, elastic support 25, egg tray type insulating plate 211, protruding 2111, groove 2112, metal electrode layer 212, first polarity friction surface 213, second polarity friction surface 221, and elastic support 25, rectifier circuit layer 24 and metal electrode layer 212 are closely combined into a whole with compression protection layer 1 and high -strength bearing layer 3 through upper and lower layer supporting plate simultaneously.

[0042] In the embodiment, the plate block is applied to secondary road motor lane, and the egg tray type friction nanometer power generation plate block is regular cuboid structure, wherein the length is 200mm, the width is 200mm, and the height is 55mm.

[0043] In the embodiment, the compression protection layer 1 is made of glass fiber plate, the surface is treated to prevent sliding, and the thickness is 5mm.

[0044] In the embodiment, the thickness of the friction nanometer power generation layer 2 is 45mm.

[0045] In the embodiment, the high -strength bearing layer 3 is made of glass fiber plate, and the thickness is 5mm.

[0046] In the embodiment, the plate block is arranged on the surface layer of the newly built asphalt pavement, and the bonding material is modified asphalt.

[0047] In the embodiment, the egg tray type upper layer supporting plate 21 is located between the metal electrode layer 212 and the compression protection layer 1, the metal electrode layer 212 and the rectifier circuit layer 24, is prepared by 3d printing, the egg tray type insulating plate 211 is made of epoxy resin pouring, and the mass component distribution ratio of the raw materials used is 1000:3:10 of unsaturated polyester resin, curing agent and accelerator.

[0048] In the embodiment, the protrusion 2111 and the groove 2112 in the supporting plate adopt the rotating surface egg tray body structure formed by rotating the cosine function around the vertical shaft to reduce the stress concentration phenomenon with the plane edge, and the function expression is The function period is 40mm, the protrusion height is 9mm, the center of adjacent egg tray bodies is 50mm apart, and the supporting plate spacing is 1mm, the upper and lower layer egg tray bodies can be embedded with each other, and the protruding part of the egg tray type upper layer supporting plate 21 needs to ensure that 2 / 5 is in the egg tray type lower layer supporting plate 23, the egg tray body can ensure that the upper and lower layer structures are embedded with each other under the action of driving load, prevent the spatial dislocation of the pavement panel structure caused by the dynamic load, and also can fully utilize the contact generated by the horizontal displacement to generate electricity.

[0049] In the embodiment, the elastic support 25 is made of elastic rubber material in the shape of a cylinder with a bottom diameter of 5 mm and a height of 12 mm, which is connected to the holes in the upper and lower supporting plates by glass glue material, and the friction nanometer power generation layer 2 is connected into a whole by the elastic support 25.

[0050] In the embodiment, the metal electrode layer 212 is made of copper foil, and the copper foil is used as the material of the metal electrode layer 212 and the first polarity friction surface 213 of the upper layer of the friction nanometer power generation layer 2, with a thickness of 0.1 mm.

[0051] In the embodiment, the second polarity friction surface 221 of the lower layer of the friction nanometer power generation layer 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PDMS) with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a relative dielectric constant of 2.75-2.85.

[0052] In the embodiment, the second polarity friction surface 221 is made by pouring the PDMS liquid with a curing agent on a 5000-mesh sandpaper to form a thin film, contacting the smooth surface with the electrode layer when semi-cured, and forming the friction surface after curing, and the bonding material is high-durability epoxy conductive glue.

[0053] In the embodiment, the rectifier circuit layer 24 has a thickness of 5 mm, which is connected to the metal electrode layer 212 by copper wire.

[0054] In the embodiment, in addition to the use of high-durability epoxy conductive glue for bonding the polarity friction surface, structural sealant is used as the bonding material inside the plate.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Any skilled person in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present application, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. An egg-tray type friction nano-power generation pavement plate, characterized by: From top to bottom, it comprises at least a compressive protection layer (1), a friction nano-power generation layer (2), and a high-strength bearing layer (3). The three layers can be tightly formed into a whole using any one of adhesive materials, rivets, and bolts, and are sealed on all sides using waterproof materials. The planar shape of the plate can be any one of rectangular and hexagonal, and multiple unit plates can be assembled into an overall structure, which can be directly laid on the surface layer of the road surface and between the structural layers.

2. The pavement slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the compression protection layer (1) ranges from 5 mm to 100 mm, the thickness of the friction nano-power generation layer (2) ranges from 30 mm to 200 mm, and the thickness of the high-strength bearing layer (3) ranges from 5 mm to 200 mm; the side length of the plate plane is not less than 100 mm.

3. The pavement segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction nano power generation layer (2) is composed of an egg-tray type upper support plate (21), an egg-tray type middle support plate (22) and an egg-tray type lower support plate (23) connected into a whole through a columnar elastic support body (25); the inner core structures of the egg-tray type upper support plate (21), the egg-tray type middle support plate (22) and the egg-tray type lower support plate (23) are all egg-tray type insulating plates (211); the bottom surface of the egg-tray type insulating plate (211) of the egg-tray type upper support plate (21) is sequentially adhered to a metal electrode layer (212) and a first polarity friction surface (213); the friction nano One or more egg-tray-type middle-layer support plates (22) can be added to the power generation layer (2), which are provided with a first polarity friction surface (213), a metal electrode layer (212), an egg-tray-type insulating plate (211), a metal electrode layer (212), and a second polarity friction surface (221) from top to bottom; the metal electrode layer (212) and the second polarity friction surface (221) are sequentially adhered to the top surface of the egg-tray-type insulating plate (211) of the egg-tray-type lower-layer support plate (23), and a rectifier circuit layer (24) connected to the upper and lower metal electrode layers (212) is provided on the bottom surface.

4. The pavement segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the egg-tray type insulating plate (211) in the friction nano power generation layer (2) adopts a geometric curved three-dimensional structure with a plurality of protrusions (2111) and grooves (2112) in any combination, and the protrusions (2111) and grooves (2112) on the surface of each layer of the egg-tray type support plate correspond to each other and can mesh with each other; at the same time, the elastic support body (25) between each layer of the egg-tray type support plate ensures the contact and separation between each layer structure, and the elastic support body (25) is used to ensure that there is a spacing of 0.5mm to 10mm between each layer when the layers are separated, and ensures that at least 2 / 5 of the height of the top of each layer of the protrusion (2111) is embedded in the corresponding groove (2112) of another layer.

5. The pavement segment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The columnar elastic support body (25) is made of any one of elastic rubber and spring materials, and is placed at the bottom of the groove (2112) in the egg-tray-type lower support plate (23) of the friction nano-power generation layer (2), or can be placed at the opening between the protrusion (2111) and the groove (2112), ensuring that the first polarity friction surface (213) and the second polarity friction surface (221) can contact each other and generate electricity under the action of the vehicle load, and restore the initial separation state under no-load conditions.

6. The pavement segment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first polarity friction surface (213) and the second polarity friction surface (221) are made of two materials with opposite polarities, and the plate adopts a contact-separation friction power generation mode. Under the action of the driving load, the first polarity friction surface (213) and the second polarity friction surface (221) are continuously in contact and separated to generate electric charge, and the electric charge is transferred to the rectifier circuit layer (24) through the metal electrode layer (212); the rectifier circuit layer (24) adopts a bridge rectifier circuit, the input ends of which are connected to the metal electrode layers (212) in each layer of the egg-tray type support plate, and the output current is integrated and the two ends are connected to the roadside energy storage device for electric energy collection.

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