Reverse supporting guide rail

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and relates to a reversely-supported guide rail which comprises a supporting guide rail, a connecting plate, a rolling body, a rolling body supporting device and a magnet device. The supporting guide rail is provided with an upper guide rail surface and a lower guide rail surface. The lower guide rail face is a plane, is parallel to the moving direction of the guide rail and is perpendicular to the direction of positive pressure acting on the guide rail face. The guide rail surface is a bearing surface of opposite force and is also a guide rail surface of a rolling body. A space is formed by the horizontal parts of the connecting plates installed on the two sides of the workbench and the lower guide rail face and used for containing the rolling bodies, the rolling body supporting devices and the magnet devices which are installed on the connecting plates. An air gap is formed between the magnet and the lower guide rail face, the lower guide rail face bears external force through the magnetic force of the magnet, the connecting plate is a force transmission plate for bearing counter force, the magnetic force of the magnet is transmitted to the workbench, and the external force acts on the lower guide rail face of the bearing guide rail instead of pressing the upper guide rail face. The upper guide rail is free of friction and only plays a guiding role. The guide rail can improve the positioning precision and the machining precision of a machine tool.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and relates to a reverse supporting guide rail, which is a novel guide rail for a numerical control machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The guide rail is one of core components of high-end numerical control machine tools and machining centers. It is a guide mechanism of coordinate movement and a supporting component of load. In the guide rail, the moving part is called a dynamic guide rail, and the non-moving part is called a supporting guide rail. The supporting guide rail is connected with the base and is non-moving, and bears the vertical component of force of the worktable and the weight and cutting force of the workpiece mounted on the worktable. The dynamic guide rail can only have one degree of freedom relative to the supporting guide rail, and is usually linear movement or rotary movement.

[0003] The machine tool has strict requirements on the guide rail. The main requirements are as follows: high guide precision, good precision retention, good stability of low-speed movement, large bearing capacity, high rigidity, large movement speed, and small friction loss.

[0004] Currently, there are three types of guide rails, namely, sliding guide rails, rolling guide rails, and liquid static pressure guide rails. Since the supporting guide rail must bear the weight of the worktable and the workpiece and the vertical cutting force of the guide rail surface, when the dynamic guide rail moves, there is bound to be friction.

[0005] The sliding guide rail is the first to appear and is applied earliest. This guide rail has high guide precision, large bearing capacity, and high rigidity. However, since there is friction between the guide rail surfaces, the friction loss is large, the movement speed is not large, and there is a crawling phenomenon at low speed. After the plastic is attached, the friction coefficient and the friction are reduced, and the performance is greatly improved.

[0006] The rolling guide rail and the liquid static pressure guide rail appear to reduce friction. Since the friction coefficient is very small, the friction is small, the low-speed movement is stable, the positioning precision is relatively high, and high-speed movement is possible. However, the rolling guide rail is not resistant to vibration and has vibration. The contact rigidity is low (the steel ball is point contact, and the roller is line contact), the bearing capacity is low, and the rolling guide rail cannot be applied to heavy and large machine tools. The rolling guide rail has a ball return device. When the steel ball moves at high speed, the impact of the steel ball on the ball return device is large, and vibration is generated. Rotating objects have gyroscopic effects. When the steel ball (or roller) rotates at high speed, there is also a gyroscopic effect. When the worktable needs to stop, due to the gyroscopic effect and the inertia of the moving part, the worktable has a forward impact force. The positioning precision is affected. Since the friction of the rolling guide rail is small, the friction damping is very small. The small damping is not good in that it cannot reduce the inertial impact of the worktable. When the worktable moves (especially at high speed), the inertia of the moving part is large. The inertial forward force needs to have resistance to balance. The guide rail has no friction damping. All the inertial forces are borne by the ball screw or linear motor of the driving mechanism. The ball screw relies on its deformation to balance the inertial force of the worktable. Thus, the positioning precision of the worktable of the machine tool is affected.

[0007] Hydrostatic guideway, friction coefficient is very small, guideway friction is very small, and carrying capacity is big, it is used on heavy, large machine tool. But, manufacturing difficulty is big, cost is high, also because oil film thickness changes because of external force, influence processing precision. Because frictional damping is very small, positioning precision is also affected by inertia force of moving part.

[0008] Above three kinds of guideways, all have advantages and disadvantages. Guideway problem is all because of guideway surface bearing, if guideway surface does not bear, all problems can be solved. But, external force (worktable, workpiece gravity, cutting force) must have, if external force is borne by lower guideway surface of supporting guideway, upper guideway surface will have no normal pressure, problem can be solved. This kind of guideway is reverse supporting guideway of the utility model, it has advantages of large carrying capacity and good rigidity of sliding guideway, also has advantages of small friction of rolling guideway and hydrostatic guideway, and can provide damping of balancing worktable motion inertia. Utility model content

[0009] Existing machine tool, numerical control machine tool uses guideway surface of guideway function is all used to bear and guide. Guideway surface bears all external force (worktable, workpiece weight and vertical direction cutting component force), therefore, under external force, dynamic guideway moves and certainly will produce friction. In order to reduce guideway friction, rolling guideway and hydrostatic guideway appear. Make guideway complex, increase manufacturing difficulty and cost. If, guideway surface of supporting guideway does not bear, only uses to guide, then guideway will have no friction, can not use rolling guideway and hydrostatic guideway. Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of reverse supporting guideway, external force is transferred to lower guideway surface of supporting guideway. Upper and lower two guideway surfaces cooperate, can eliminate friction of upper guideway, improve guideway movement speed, guide precision and machine tool processing precision.

[0010] The utility model discloses a kind of reverse support guide rails, including support guide rail, connecting plate, rolling element, rolling element support device and magnet device.

[0011] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0012] A kind of reverse support guide rail, including support guide rail, connecting plate, rolling element, rolling element support device and magnet device.

[0013] The support guide rail includes upper guide rail surface and lower guide rail surface on base, the upper guide rail surface is matched with the moving guide rail surface on the workbench, the lower guide rail surface is a plane, parallel to the guide rail movement direction, load plate is provided on the lower guide rail surface, as the guide rail surface of rolling element, and magnetic separation plate is mounted between the load plate and the base;A space is below the lower guide rail surface, for accommodating magnet device, rolling element and rolling element support device mounted on connecting plate.

[0014] The connecting plate is L-shaped plate, the upper part of vertical part is fixed on the side of workbench, and spacer is provided between workbench and connecting plate, for adjusting the horizontal position of connecting plate, the lower part of connecting plate is a horizontal part parallel to lower guide rail surface, and a square space is formed between the horizontal part of connecting plate and load plate on the lower guide rail surface of support guide rail, for installing magnet device, rolling element and rolling element support device.

[0015] The rolling element support device mounted on each connecting plate includes two rolling element supports and two rolling element support shafts;Two rolling elements are mounted on rolling element support through rolling element support shaft;Two rolling element supports are fixed on both ends of L-shaped connecting plate horizontal part.

[0016] The magnet device on each connecting plate is fixed on the horizontal part of each L-shaped connecting plate between the two rolling body supports; a set of magnet devices is installed on each connecting plate.

[0017] The air gap between the magnet device and the bearing plate is less than 1mm, and the rolling bodies installed on the rolling body supports are pressed against the lower surface of the bearing plate; the pre-pressing force of the rolling bodies on the rolling body supports against the bearing plate can be adjusted by adjusting the up-down position of the connecting plate.

[0018] The upper rail surface is a convex double-triangle rail, a concave double-triangle rail or other forms of non-slot rail.

[0019] The length of the horizontal part of the connecting plate is slightly greater than or equal to the sum of the lengths of the two rolling body supports and the magnet device.

[0020] The length of the bearing plate and the magnetic shielding plate is the same as the length of the supporting rail.

[0021] The lower rail surface is on the outer side or inner side of the left and right sides of the machine tool bed.

[0022] Each set of magnet devices is one or more permanent magnets or electromagnets.

[0023] According to the force balance condition, the two sides of the workbench can be symmetrically assembled, and one or more connecting plates can be arranged on each side of the workbench.

[0024] The bearing plate is made of a magnetic conductive material and can be quenched.

[0025] The magnetic shielding plate is made of a non-magnetic conductive material, such as stainless steel.

[0026] The bearing plate and the magnetic shielding plate are integrated or separate structures.

[0027] The rolling body is a bearing, a rolling rail block or other rolling body.

[0028] The supporting rail is a linear motion rail or a rotary motion circular rail.

[0029] The supporting rail is a machine tool guide rail or other mechanical motion guide rail.

[0030] The utility model mainly has the following characteristics:

[0031] (1) The upper rail surface does not bear external force, and the external force is borne by the lower rail surface of the supporting rail through magnetic force.

[0032] (2) The upper rail surface restricts five degrees of freedom and can be accurately guided.

[0033] (3) The upper rail surface is not subjected to external force and does not have friction and wear.

[0034] (4) The force direction of the lower guide rail surface of the supporting guide rail is opposite to the external force direction, and when the external force is large, the force of the lower guide rail surface can be reduced. Therefore, the magnetic force must be greater than the sum of the external force and the pre-pressing force of the rolling body on the bearing plate to ensure that the upper guide rail surface has no friction. When the positive and negative forces are equal, it is a critical state, and a slight increase in the external force can cause the upper guide rail surface to generate friction.

[0035] (5) The lower guide rail surface and the rolling body are rolling friction, and the rolling body can be a bearing or other rolling unit, and can run at high speed. The lower guide rail surface is also the air gap surface of the electromagnet. The bearing surface of the rolling body and the air gap surface of the electromagnet can be one surface or two surfaces. The overall structure of the machine tool is comprehensively considered.

[0036] (6) The guide rail of the utility model is preferably a double-triangle guide rail, which can be convex-convex, convex-flat, concave-concave, or concave-flat combination. Such guide rail has high guiding precision and no strip friction.

[0037] (7) The connecting plate is installed on both sides of the workbench and forms a space with the lower guide rail surface of the supporting guide rail, which is used to install the magnet device, the rolling body support and the rolling body. The connecting plate can move up and down to adjust the pre-pressing force of the rolling body on the lower guide rail surface, and after adjustment, it is fixed by screws and pins.

[0038] (8) The lower surface of the bearing plate is the lower guide rail surface of the supporting guide rail, which should be made of a material with good magnetic permeability and can be hardened.

[0039] (9) The bearing plate and the lower surface of the supporting guide rail have a layer of magnetic separation plate.

[0040] The utility model has the advantages of:

[0041] (1) The guide rail of the utility model eliminates the pressure acting on the upper guide rail surface, and also eliminates the friction when the moving guide rail moves, and eliminates all adverse consequences caused by guide rail friction.

[0042] (2) The utility model is a sliding guide rail structure, which has the advantages of sliding guide rail: high carrying capacity, good rigidity, good shock resistance, high guiding precision, stable movement, simple structure, easy manufacturing and low cost. Because there is no friction, it overcomes the disadvantages of large friction and wear of sliding guide rail, crawling at low speed, unable to run at high speed, and low positioning accuracy.

[0043] (3) Compared with the rolling guide rail, the utility model has the advantages of small friction and wear of the rolling guide rail, flexible movement, high positioning accuracy, and high-speed operation. However, it does not have the disadvantages of vibration, poor shock resistance, low rigidity, complex structure, difficult manufacturing, high cost, geometric error, and assembly error of the rolling guide rail.

[0044] (4) The utility model has the advantages of small friction and wear compared with the hydrostatic guide rail, and has no disadvantages of oil film thickness change and complex hydraulic system,

[0045] In summary, the guide rail of the utility model has the advantages of the three guide rails and has no disadvantages of the three guide rails, and is a more reasonable guide rail which can replace the three guide rails. The guide rail has superior indexes and can achieve sub-micron error. The positioning accuracy, repeat positioning accuracy and machining accuracy of the machine tool can be improved. The running speed of the workbench can reach the international advanced level due to no friction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a rolling body support device (the mounting mode of the first connecting plate is different).

[0047] Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a magnet device (the mounting mode of the first connecting plate is different).

[0048] Fig. 5 is a left side structure view of two guide rails of the utility model which are arranged side by side in reverse support.

[0049] Fig. 6 is a right side structure view of two guide rails of the utility model which are arranged side by side in reverse support.

[0050] Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the guide rail of the utility model in reverse support.

[0051] In the figure: 1 first connecting plate, 2 screw a, 3 first rolling body support, 4 first rolling body, 5 first rolling body support shaft, 6 screw b, 7 first bearing plate, 8 first magnetic separation plate, 9 screw c, 10 screw d, 11 first gasket, 12 workbench, 13 base, 14 workbench drive mechanism (can be ball screw, can also be linear motor), 15 screw e, 16 first magnet, 17 screw f, 18 second rolling body support, 19 screw g, 20 second rolling body support shaft, 21 second rolling body, 22, third rolling body support, 23 screw h, 24 third rolling body support shaft, 25 third rolling body, 26 screw i, 27 second magnet, 28 screw j, 29 second connecting plate, 30 screw k, 31 fourth rolling body support, 32 fourth rolling body support shaft, 33 fourth rolling body, 34 positioning pin a, 35 screw l, 36 positioning pin b, 37 positioning pin c, 38 positioning pin d, 39 second gasket, 40 screw m, 41 screw n, 42 second magnetic separation plate, 43 second bearing plate, 44 third magnet, 45 third connecting plate, 46 screw o, 47 screw p, 48 fifth rolling body, 49 fifth rolling body support shaft, 50 fifth rolling body support, 51 screw q, 52 sixth rolling body support, 53 screw i, 54 sixth rolling body support shaft, 55 sixth rolling body, 56 seventh rolling body support, 57 screw s, 58 seventh rolling body support shaft, 59 seventh rolling body, 60 screw t, 61 fourth magnet, 62 fourth connecting plate, 63 screw u, 64 eighth rolling body support, 65 eighth rolling body support shaft, 66 eighth rolling body, 67 screw, 68 pin a, 69 pin b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The specific embodiments of the utility model are further illustrated below in combination with the drawings and technical solutions.

[0053] The guide rail of the utility model can be a symmetrical structure, comprising a supporting guide rail, a connecting plate, a rolling body, a rolling body support device and a magnet device.

[0054] The supporting guide rail comprises an upper guide rail surface and a lower guide rail surface on the base. The upper guide rail surface can be a convex double-triangle guide rail or a concave double-triangle guide rail or other forms of strip-free guide rail. The upper guide rail surface cooperates with the moving guide rail surface on the workbench. The lower guide rail surface is a plane parallel to the moving direction of the guide rail and perpendicular to the direction of the normal force acting on the guide rail surface. It is the bearing surface of the reverse force and the guide rail surface of the rolling body. The lower guide rail surface bears external force through the magnetic force of the magnet and is resistant to wear and pressure. The lower guide rail surface can be a steel structure. The steel plate is a bearing plate. The bearing plate is a magnetic material. The width of the bearing plate can make the magnetic force line of the magnet closed. In order to prevent the supporting guide rail and the base from being magnetized, a magnetic separation plate is arranged between the bearing plate and the base. Below the lower guide rail surface is a space for accommodating the magnet device, the rolling body and the rolling body support device arranged on the connecting plate.

[0055] The connecting plate is an L-shaped plate, the vertical part of which is fixed to the side of the worktable, and the horizontal part of which is used to mount the rolling body support, rolling body and magnet device. The connecting plate and the bearing plate on the lower rail surface of the support rail form a square space for mounting the magnet device, rolling body and rolling body support device. According to the force balance condition, the two sides of the worktable can be symmetrically assembled. According to the needs of the machine tool, there can be one, two, three or more connecting plates on each side. And there is a gasket between the worktable and the connecting plate for adjusting the horizontal position of the connecting plate. The horizontal part of each L-shaped connecting plate and the bearing plate on the lower rail surface of the support rail form a square space, which can accommodate two rolling body supports and the rolling bodies mounted thereon, and a set of magnet devices (permanent magnets or electromagnets). The rolling body supports are screwed to the two ends of the horizontal part of the L-shaped connecting plate, and the magnets are screwed to the connecting plate between the two rolling body supports. There is a gap of less than 1 mm between the magnet and the bearing plate, and the rolling bodies mounted on the rolling body supports are pressed against the lower surface of the bearing plate. Adjusting the up-down position of the connecting plate can adjust the pre-pressure of the rolling bodies on the rolling body supports on the bearing plate.

[0056] A reverse supported guide rail of the embodiment, as shown in the figure, includes a support guide rail on the base 13 and a movement guide rail on the worktable 12, a connecting plate, a rolling body, a rolling body support device and a magnet device. Figs. 1-7

[0057] In this embodiment, two sets of guide rails are used with the worktable 12, and the specific structure is introduced as follows:

[0058] The support guide rail on the base 13 is composed of two parts: upper rail surfaces A, B and lower rail surfaces C, D (the lower surfaces of the first bearing plate 7 and the second bearing plate 43). The upper rail surfaces A, B do not bear force and serve as a guide. The lower rail surfaces C, D are parallel to the movement direction of the worktable and perpendicular to the direction of the normal pressure, which is the air gap surface of the magnet and bears the attractive force of the magnet, and is also the guide rail for the rolling bodies on the rolling body supports.

[0059] The first connecting plate 1, the second connecting plate 29, the third connecting plate 45 and the fourth connecting plate 62 are respectively mounted to the left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the worktable 12. The first connecting plate 1 and the second connecting plate 29 are mounted on the left side of the worktable 12, and the third connecting plate 45 and the fourth connecting plate 62 are mounted on the right side. The four connecting plates are the same in structure, and the rolling body supports with rolling bodies and the magnet devices mounted thereon are the same. There are eight rolling body supports with rolling bodies and four magnet devices (which can be permanent magnets or electromagnets) mounted on the four connecting plates. The rolling bodies on the rolling body supports are respectively pressed against the lower rail surfaces C, D, and the attractive surfaces of the magnet devices leave an air gap of less than 1 mm with the lower rail surfaces C, D. ​

[0060] The first connecting plate 1, the second connecting plate 29, the third connecting plate 45 and the fourth connecting plate 62 are force plates of reverse support, which transmit the attracting force of the magnet to the workbench, so that the magnetic force in the direction opposite to the external force G can offset the positive pressure acting on the guide rail.

[0061] The structure and working principle of the first connecting plate 1 are described as follows: The first bearing plate 7 is horizontally fixed on the lower guide rail surface by means of the screw c9, and the first bearing plate 7 is provided with the first magnetic separation plate 8 between the base 13. The first connecting plate 1 is provided with the first rolling body support 3 and the second rolling body support 18 at both ends of the portion parallel to the lower guide rail surface C. The bottom surface of the first rolling body support 3 is fixed on the bottom surface of the first connecting plate 1 by means of the screw a2, and the side surface is fixed on the inner vertical surface of the first connecting plate 1 by means of the screw b6. The first rolling body 4 is installed on the first rolling body support 3 through the first rolling body support shaft 5, and the upper surface of the first rolling body 4 is higher than the upper surface of the first rolling body support 3, so that the upper surface of the first rolling body support 3 cannot contact the lower guide rail surface C of the supporting guide rail. The second rolling body support 18, the second rolling body 21 and the second rolling body support shaft 20 are installed in the above-mentioned manner. The first magnet 16 (which can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet) is installed between the first rolling body support 3 and the second rolling body support 18. The base of the first magnet 16 is fixed on the horizontal portion of the first connecting plate 1 by means of the screw e 15 and the screw f 17. The upper surface of the first magnet 16 is lower than the upper surfaces of the first rolling body 4 and the second rolling body 21 by about 1 mm, so as to ensure that the surface of the magnet has an air gap of about 1 mm from the lower guide rail surface C of the supporting guide rail. The attracting force P1 of the first magnet 16 is opposite to the direction of the external force G.

[0062] After the first magnet 16, the first rolling body support 3, the first rolling body 4, the first rolling body support shaft 5, the second rolling body support 18, the second rolling body 21 and the second rolling body support shaft 20 are installed on the first connecting plate 1, the first connecting plate 1 is installed on the left side of the front end of the workbench 12 by means of the screw d 10 and other screws, and the first gasket 11 is arranged between the workbench 12 and the first connecting plate 1. During installation, the first rolling body 4 and the second rolling body 21 are pressed against the lower guide rail surface C of the supporting guide rail, and the pre-pressing forces F1 and F2 are generated, respectively. After installation, the positioning pin c37 and the positioning pin d38 are used for positioning.

[0063] The second connecting plate 29, the third connecting plate 45 and the fourth connecting plate 62 are installed on the two sides of the workbench 12 in the positions shown in the figure by using the same structure.

[0064] The attractive forces P1, P2, P3 and P4 of the first magnet 16, the second magnet 27, the third magnet 44 and the fourth magnet 61 are counter supporting forces, and the sum of the counter supporting forces counter supports the table 12 and counteracts the positive pressure of the external force G acting on the guide surfaces A and B. The sum of the counter supporting forces is greater than the external force G, and the difference is borne by the eight rolling elements.

[0065] Figs. 1-7 The counter supporting device shown has four groups of counter supporting mechanisms of the same structure. There are four connecting plates, four magnets and eight rolling elements respectively mounted on the rolling element supports. The eight rolling elements are respectively pressed against the lower guide surfaces C and D of the supporting guide rails. The pre-pressing forces are respectively F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7 and F8.

[0066] The pre-pressing forces should not be too large, and can be tens of newtons to hundreds of newtons according to the size of the machine tool. The deformation of the rolling elements caused by the pre-pressing forces should not exceed a few microns. The pre-pressing forces F1 to F8 of the eight rolling elements make the upper guide surfaces A and B tightly contact. When the four electromagnets are energized, four electromagnetic forces P1, P2, P3 and P4 in the opposite direction of the external force G are generated. The four electromagnetic forces are all applied to the table 12 through the connecting plates, and are used to counteract the external force G.

[0067] The sum of the electromagnetic forces generated by the electromagnets should satisfy the following formula:

[0068] P1+P2+P3+P4≧G+F1+F2+F3+F4+F5+F6+F7+F8 (1)

[0069] In the formula, G is the external force (the weight of the table and the workpiece and the cutting component force perpendicular to the table surface)

[0070] F1 to F8 are the pre-pressing forces of the eight rolling elements

[0071] It can be seen from the formula (1) that the electromagnetic forces acting on the lower guide surfaces C and D bear the forces acting on the upper guide surfaces A and B, so that there is no positive pressure on the upper guide surfaces A and B. Due to the action of the pre-pressing forces F1 to F8, the upper and lower surfaces of the upper guide surfaces A and B still maintain contact and good guiding function.

[0072] If the left side of the formula (1) is greater than the right side, the electromagnetic forces not only counteract the external force G, but also generate an additional pressure on the lower guide surfaces C and D. The additional pressure only increases the burden of the rolling elements, and the guide surfaces A and B are not stressed. The friction on the lower guide surfaces C and D is rolling friction, and the friction force is much smaller than the friction force of the rolling guide rails.

[0073] The upper guide rail surfaces A and B are not stressed and only serve as guides; the lower guide rail surfaces C and D bear the external force G on the worktable, making the guide rail performance more perfect. This solves all the adverse consequences caused by friction in the past guide rails, and makes the machining precision of the machine tool reach more than sub-microns.

[0074] The weight that can be borne by the worktable of each machine tool is specified. The maximum value of G is taken within the specified range, the left and right sides of equation (1) are made equal, and the values of P1-P4 are determined. Usually, P1=P2=P3=P4 is taken.

[0075] Since the bearing weight is taken to be the maximum value, when machining a workpiece with a small weight, the values of P1-P4 can not be adjusted, but the additional pressure of the rolling elements is increased. This simplifies the control of the electromagnets and does not increase the friction of the guide rail surfaces A and B.

[0076] When the sum of the four magnetic forces is greater than the sum of the external force G and the eight pre-tightening forces, the upper guide rail surfaces A and B are not stressed, and at this time the worktable is supported on the lower guide rail surfaces C and D, realizing reverse support. The benefits of reverse support are that the upper guide rail surfaces A and B have no friction and wear and only serve as guides, and the lower guide rail surfaces C and D have the rolling friction of the eight rolling elements, and the pressure F of the eight rolling elements is the pre-tightening force plus the electromagnetic force minus the external force G.

[0077] That is, F=(F1+F2+F3+F4+F5+F6+F7+F8)+(P1+P2+P3+P4)-G (2)

[0078] The friction force f of the rolling elements = μF = (0.001-0.0015)F

[0079] As can be seen from equation (2), when (P1+P2+P3+P4)=G, the rolling elements are only subjected to the pre-tightening force, at this time the pressure on the upper guide rail surfaces A and B is equal in size and opposite in direction to the pre-tightening force. The upper guide rail surfaces A and B have friction. If the upper guide rail surfaces are to have no friction, the size of the electromagnetic force (P1+P2+P3+P4) must meet the requirements of equation (1).

[0080] Since the upper guide rail surfaces A and B of the reverse support guide rail have no friction, and the pressure F of the eight rolling elements on the lower guide rail surfaces C and D is much smaller than the external force G, this guide rail has the advantages of sliding guide rails, rolling guide rails and hydrostatic guide rails, but does not have their disadvantages.

Claims

1. A counter-supported guide rail, characterized by The reverse supporting guide rail comprises a supporting guide rail, a connecting plate, a rolling body, a rolling body supporting device and a magnet device; The supporting guide rail comprises an upper guide rail surface and a lower guide rail surface on the base, the upper guide rail surface is matched with the moving guide rail surface on the workbench, the lower guide rail surface is a plane parallel to the moving direction of the guide rail, a bearing plate is arranged on the lower guide rail surface as a guide rail surface of the rolling body, and a magnetic separation plate is arranged between the bearing plate and the base; a space is arranged below the lower guide rail surface for accommodating the magnet device, the rolling body and the rolling body supporting device arranged on the connecting plate; The connecting plate is an L-shaped plate, the upper part of the vertical part of the L-shaped plate is fixed on the side surface of the workbench, a gasket is arranged between the workbench and the connecting plate for adjusting the horizontal position of the connecting plate, and the lower part of the connecting plate is a horizontal part parallel to the lower guide rail surface; a square space is formed between the horizontal part of the connecting plate and the bearing plate on the lower guide rail surface of the supporting guide rail for mounting the magnet device, the rolling body and the rolling body supporting device; two rolling body supports provided with the rolling bodies are arranged on each connecting plate, and a set of magnet devices is arranged between the two rolling body supports; The rolling body supporting device arranged on each connecting plate comprises two rolling body supports and two rolling body supporting shafts; the two rolling bodies are arranged on the rolling body supports through the rolling body supporting shafts; the two rolling body supports are fixed on the two ends of the horizontal part of the L-shaped connecting plate; The magnet device is fixed on the horizontal part of each L-shaped connecting plate and located between the two rolling body supports, and one set of magnet devices is arranged on each connecting plate; An air gap smaller than 1 mm is left between the magnet device and the bearing plate, and the rolling bodies arranged on the rolling body supports are pressed on the lower surface of the bearing plate; the pre-pressing force of the rolling bodies on the bearing plate is adjusted by adjusting the up-down position of the connecting plate.

2. A counter-supported rail according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper guide rail surface is a convex double-triangle guide rail or a concave double-triangle guide rail.

3. A counter-supported rail according to claim 1, characterized in that The length of the horizontal part of the connecting plate is slightly greater than or equal to the sum of the lengths of the two rolling body supports and the magnet device, and the lengths of the bearing plate and the magnetic separation plate are the same as the length of the supporting guide rail.

4. A counter-braced guide rail according to claim 1, wherein Each set of magnet devices is one or more permanent magnets or electromagnets.

5. The counter-supported rail of claim 1, wherein, According to the force balance condition, the two sides of the workbench can be symmetrically assembled, and one or more connecting plates are arranged on each side of the workbench.

6. A counter-braced guide rail according to claim 1, wherein The bearing plate is a magnetic conductive material and can be quenched; the magnetic separation plate is a non-magnetic conductive material; and the bearing plate and the magnetic separation plate are in an integrated or split structure.

7. A counter-braced guide rail according to claim 1, wherein The lower guide rail surface is arranged on the left or right outer side or inner side of the lathe bed.

8. The counter-supported rail of claim 1, wherein, The rolling body is a bearing or a rolling guide block.

9. The counter-supported rail of claim 1, wherein, The supporting guide rail is a linear motion guide rail or a rotary motion circular guide rail.

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