System for synchronously preparing biochar with different qualities

Abstract

The utility model discloses a system for synchronously preparing biochar with different qualities. The system comprises a starting device, a combustion chamber, a first carbonization device, a second carbonization device and an alkali metal element recovery device, combustible gas generated in biomass carbonization by the starting device, the first carbonization device and the second carbonization device is input into the combustion chamber for combustion, and energy consumption can be reduced. A first flue gas input port of the first carbonization device is hermetically connected with a first flue gas output port of the combustion chamber; a second flue gas output port of the first carbonization device is hermetically connected with a second flue gas input port of the second carbonization device; a third flue gas output port of the second carbonization device is hermetically connected with a third flue gas input port of the alkali metal element recovery device; the flue gas utilization efficiency can be improved, and energy consumption is reduced. The product output port of the second carbonization device is further connected with the second raw material input port of the alkali metal element recovery device, and the alkali metal element recovery device is added, so that waste of alkali metal elements is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biochar production technology, and in particular to a system for simultaneously preparing biochar of different qualities. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass mainly refers to waste products from agricultural and forestry production processes. From an industrial analysis perspective, its main components are moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash, with the ash containing significant amounts of alkali metals Na and K. To fully utilize this type of biomass, it can be prepared into biochar through thermal pyrolysis. Biochar prepared under different equipment and process conditions has varying compositions and corresponding applications. Biochar can be used to prepare carbon-based fertilizers, soil carbon fixatives, activated carbon, carbon-based materials, etc., and can also replace coal in power generation, steel smelting, etc. Different industries have different requirements for biochar.

[0003] However, conventional biomass charcoal production equipment produces only one type of charcoal, which cannot meet the needs of multiple industries, and the charcoal production process has problems such as high energy consumption or waste of alkali metal elements. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system for simultaneously preparing biochar of different qualities, which can simultaneously prepare biochar of different qualities, reduce energy consumption, and make full use of alkali metal elements.

[0005] In an embodiment of this invention, the system for simultaneously preparing biochar of different qualities includes: a start-up device, a combustion chamber, a first carbonization device, a second carbonization device, and an alkali metal element recovery device; the start-up device is connected to the combustion chamber and transmits combustible gas to the combustion chamber, outputting biochar A; the first carbonization device is connected to the combustion chamber and transmits combustible gas to the combustion chamber, while simultaneously receiving flue gas transmitted from the combustion chamber, outputting biochar C; the second carbonization device is connected to the combustion chamber and transmits combustible gas to the combustion chamber; the second carbonization device is connected to the first carbonization device, receives flue gas transmitted from the first carbonization device, and transmits biochar B to the first carbonization device; the second carbonization device is connected to the alkali metal element recovery device, transmitting biochar and flue gas to the alkali metal element recovery device; the alkali metal element recovery device outputs biochar D.

[0006] In addition, the starting device is connected to the combustion chamber, including: a first combustible gas outlet of the starting device is sealed to the first combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber; the first carbonization device is connected to the combustion chamber, including: a second combustible gas outlet of the first carbonization device is sealed to the second combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber, and a first flue gas inlet of the first carbonization device is sealed to the first flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber; the second carbonization device is connected to the combustion chamber, including: a third combustible gas outlet of the second carbonization device is sealed to the third combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber; the second carbonization device is connected to the first carbonization device, including: a second flue gas outlet of the first carbonization device is sealed to the second flue gas inlet of the second carbonization device, and a second product outlet of the second carbonization device is connected to the third raw material inlet of the first carbonization device; the second carbonization device is connected to the alkali metal element recovery device, including: a third flue gas outlet of the second carbonization device is sealed to the third flue gas inlet of the alkali metal element recovery device, and the second product outlet of the second carbonization device is also connected to the fourth raw material inlet of the alkali metal element recovery device.

[0007] In addition, the starting device is a direct carbonization device; the first carbonization device and the second carbonization device are indirect carbonization devices.

[0008] In addition, the flue gas inlet temperature of the first flue gas inlet of the first carbonization device is set at 800-950℃, and the flue gas outlet temperature of the second flue gas outlet of the first carbonization device is set at 400-550℃.

[0009] In addition, the flue gas inlet temperature of the second flue gas inlet of the second carbonization device is set at 400-550°C.

[0010] In addition, the alkali metal element recovery device is a vertical fixed bed structure with a rotating grate at the bottom; the fourth raw material inlet is located at the top of the alkali metal element recovery device, and the third flue gas inlet is located at the bottom of the rotating grate.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, this invention allows for the simultaneous output of different biochar types A, B, C, and D from the starting device, first carbonization device, second carbonization device, and alkali metal element recovery device, meeting the needs of multiple industries. Furthermore, by inputting the combustible gases generated during biomass carbonization into the combustion chamber through these three different carbonization devices, the combustible gases emitted during biomass carbonization can be fully utilized and directly used as combustion energy, reducing energy consumption. The first carbonization device also inputs flue gas into the second carbonization device for further carbonization, and then the flue gas from the second carbonization device is output to the alkali metal element recovery device. Utilizing the combustion flue gas in a serial manner improves efficiency and reduces energy consumption. The addition of the alkali metal element recovery device further utilizes the biochar and flue gas from the carbonization process, preventing the waste of alkali metal elements. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure for simultaneously preparing biochar of different qualities according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] In the diagram, 1 is the starting device; 2 is the combustion chamber; 3 is the first carbonization device; 4 is the second carbonization device; 5 is the alkali metal element recovery device; A1 is the first combustible gas outlet; A2 is the second combustible gas outlet; A3 is the third combustible gas outlet; a1 is the first combustible gas inlet; a2 is the second combustible gas inlet; a3 is the third combustible gas inlet; B1 is the first flue gas outlet; B2 is the second flue gas outlet; B3 is the third flue gas outlet; b1 is the first flue gas inlet; b2 is the second flue gas inlet; b3 is the third flue gas inlet; C1 is the first raw material inlet; C2 is the second raw material inlet; C3 is the third raw material inlet; C4 is the fourth raw material inlet; c1 is the first product outlet; c2 is the second product outlet; c3 is the third product outlet; c4 is the fourth product outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the various embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the various embodiments of this utility model to facilitate a better understanding of this application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments. The division of the various embodiments below is for ease of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this utility model. The various embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0015] One embodiment of this utility model relates to a system for simultaneously preparing biochar of different qualities, such as... Figure 1 As shown. In this embodiment, the system includes a starting device 1, a combustion chamber 2, a first carbonization device 3, a second carbonization device 4, and an alkali metal element recovery device 5. The starting device 1 is connected to the combustion chamber 2 and transmits combustible gas to the combustion chamber 2, outputting biochar A; the first carbonization device 3 is connected to the combustion chamber 2 and transmits combustible gas to the combustion chamber 2, while simultaneously receiving flue gas transmitted from the combustion chamber 2, outputting biochar C; the second carbonization device 4 is connected to the combustion chamber 2 and transmits combustible gas to the combustion chamber 2; the second carbonization device 4 is connected to the first carbonization device 3, receives flue gas transmitted from the first carbonization device 3, and transmits biochar B to the first carbonization device 3; the second carbonization device 4 is connected to the alkali metal element recovery device 5, transmitting biochar B and flue gas to the alkali metal element recovery device 5; the alkali metal element recovery device 5 outputs biochar D.

[0016] The starting device 1 is a direct carbonization device, while the first carbonization device 3 and the second carbonization device 4 are indirect carbonization devices. The direct and indirect carbonization devices have different structures. In the direct carbonization device, the biomass feedstock and flue gas are in direct contact, and some of the fixed carbon is burned off. In the indirect carbonization device, the biomass feedstock does not come into direct contact with the flue gas; instead, the biomass feedstock is heated by the flue gas heating the outer wall of the cylinder.

[0017] In this embodiment, the first carbonization device 3 is a high-temperature carbonization device, and the second carbonization device 4 is a medium-temperature carbonization device. Specifically, the flue gas inlet temperature of the first flue gas inlet of the first carbonization device 3 is set at 800–950°C, and the flue gas outlet temperature of the second flue gas outlet of the first carbonization device 3 is set at 400–550°C. The flue gas inlet temperature of the second flue gas inlet of the second carbonization device 4 is set at 400–550°C. The reaction temperature of the starting device 1 is 500–700°C.

[0018] The specific connections between the various devices are as follows: The starting device 1 is connected to the combustion chamber 2, including: the first combustible gas outlet A1 of the starting device 1 is sealed to the first combustible gas inlet a1 of the combustion chamber 2; the first carbonization device 3 is connected to the combustion chamber 2, including: the second combustible gas outlet A2 of the first carbonization device 3 is sealed to the second combustible gas inlet a2 of the combustion chamber 2, and the first flue gas inlet b1 of the first carbonization device 3 is sealed to the first flue gas outlet B1 of the combustion chamber 2; the second carbonization device 4 is connected to the combustion chamber 2, including: the third combustible gas outlet A3 of the second carbonization device 4 is sealed to the third combustible gas outlet of the combustion chamber 2. The input port a3 is sealed and connected; the second carbonization device 4 is connected to the first carbonization device 3, including: the second flue gas output port B2 of the first carbonization device 3 is sealed and connected to the second flue gas input port b2 of the second carbonization device 4, and the second product output port c2 of the second carbonization device 4 is connected to the third raw material input port C3 of the first carbonization device 3; the second carbonization device 4 is connected to the alkali metal element recovery device 5, including: the third flue gas output port B3 of the second carbonization device 4 is sealed and connected to the third flue gas input port b3 of the alkali metal element recovery device 5, and the second product output port c2 of the second carbonization device 4 is also connected to the fourth raw material input port C4 of the alkali metal element recovery device 5.

[0019] In addition, biomass is input into the first raw material input port C1 of the starting device 1, and carbonized biochar A is output from the first product output port C1. Biomass is input into the second raw material input port C2 of the second carbonization device 4, and carbonized biochar B is output from the second product output port C2. Biochar B is input into the third raw material input port C3 of the first carbonization device 3, and carbonized biochar C is output from the third product output port C3. Biochar B is input into the fourth raw material input port C4 of the alkali metal element recovery device 5, and biochar D is output from the fourth product output port C4.

[0020] In one example, the alkali metal element recovery device 5 is a vertical fixed bed structure with a rotating grate at the bottom; the fourth raw material inlet C4 is located at the top of the alkali metal element recovery device 5, and the third flue gas inlet b3 is located at the bottom of the rotating grate. In the alkali metal element recovery device 5, the biochar B input through the fourth raw material inlet C4 and the flue gas input through the third flue gas inlet b3 are in counter-current contact within the device.

[0021] In one embodiment, the process of biomass carbonization using the above system includes: adding biomass to a start-up device 1, where a pyrolysis reaction occurs, converting the biomass into biochar A and combustible gas; combustible gas from the first combustible gas outlet A1 of the start-up device 1, the second combustible gas outlet A2 of the first carbonization device 3, and the third combustible gas outlet A3 of the second carbonization device 4 is combusted in the combustion chamber 2, and the generated hot flue gas is sent to the first flue gas inlet b1 of the first carbonization device 3 through the first flue gas outlet B1; in the first carbonization device 3, under the heating effect of the high-temperature flue gas, the biochar B from the second carbonization device 4 is further processed. The biomass is prepared as biochar C and combustible gas. The high-temperature flue gas is converted into medium-temperature flue gas after exothermic reaction in the first carbonization device 3. The medium-temperature flue gas goes to the second flue gas inlet b2 of the second carbonization device 4 through the second flue gas outlet B2. The biomass added to the second carbonization device 4 is converted into biochar B and combustible gas under the heating of the medium-temperature flue gas. The flue gas goes to the third flue gas inlet b3 of the alkali metal element recovery device 5 through the third flue gas outlet B3. The second product outlet c2 of the second carbonization device 4 also outputs a portion of biochar B to the fourth raw material inlet C4 of the alkali metal element recovery device 5. Biochar B and the flue gas from the second carbonization device 4 come into direct contact to obtain biochar D.

[0022] Among them, the alkali metal content of biochar products obtained from different carbonization devices, from high to low, is: biochar D > biochar B > biochar A > biochar C. The characteristics of different biochars include:

[0023] Biochar D: It has a high carbon yield, low cost, moderate volatile matter content, high alkali metal content, and rich nutrients, making it an excellent carbon-based fertilizer matrix and soil carbon fixation agent.

[0024] Biochar B: High carbon yield, low cost, moderate volatile matter content, and moderate alkali metal content. It can replace part of the coal in coal-fired power plants or blast furnace injection, reducing carbon emissions.

[0025] Biochar A: It has partial fixed carbon loss, low carbon yield, high cost, low volatile matter content, and moderate alkali metal content. It can be used to prepare activated carbon or for coal-fired power plant co-firing and blast furnace injection.

[0026] Biochar C: It has low carbon yield, high cost, and low content of volatile matter and alkali metal elements, but it can be used to prepare various high-performance carbon materials.

[0027] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing the present invention, and in practical applications, various changes can be made to them in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for the simultaneous production of different quality biochar, characterized in that, The system comprises a starting device (1), a combustion chamber (2), a first carbonization device (3), a second carbonization device (4), and an alkali element recovery device (5). The starting device (1) is connected to the combustion chamber (2) and transmits combustible gas to the combustion chamber (2), and outputs biochar A. The first carbonization device (3) is connected to the combustion chamber (2) and transmits combustible gas to the combustion chamber (2), and receives flue gas transmitted by the combustion chamber (2), and outputs biochar C. The second carbonization device (4) is connected to the combustion chamber (2) and transmits combustible gas to the combustion chamber (2). The second carbonization device (4) is connected to the first carbonization device (3), receives flue gas transmitted by the first carbonization device (3), and transmits biochar B to the first carbonization device (3). The second carbonization device (4) is connected to the alkali element recovery device (5) and transmits biochar B and flue gas to the alkali element recovery device (5). The alkali element recovery device (5) outputs biochar D.

2. The system for synchronously preparing biochars with different qualities according to claim 1, wherein the starting device (1) is connected to the combustion chamber (2) and comprises a first combustible gas output port (A1) of the starting device (1) and a first combustible gas input port (a1) of the combustion chamber (2) in sealed connection. The first carbonization device (3) is connected to the combustion chamber (2) and comprises a second combustible gas output port (A2) of the first carbonization device (3) and a second combustible gas input port (a2) of the combustion chamber (2) in sealed connection, and a first flue gas input port (b1) of the first carbonization device (3) and a first flue gas output port (B1) of the combustion chamber (2) in sealed connection. The second carbonization device (4) is connected to the combustion chamber (2) and comprises a third combustible gas output port (A3) of the second carbonization device (4) and a third combustible gas input port (a3) of the combustion chamber (2) in sealed connection. The second carbonization device (4) is connected to the first carbonization device (3) and comprises a second flue gas output port (B2) of the first carbonization device (3) and a second flue gas input port (b2) of the second carbonization device (4) in sealed connection, and a second product output port (c2) of the second carbonization device (4) and a third raw material input port (C3) of the first carbonization device (3) in connection. The second carbonization device (4) is connected to the alkali element recovery device (5) and comprises a third flue gas output port (B3) of the second carbonization device (4) and a third flue gas input port (b3) of the alkali element recovery device (5) in sealed connection, and a second product output port (c2) of the second carbonization device (4) and a fourth raw material input port (C4) of the alkali element recovery device (5) in connection.

3. The system for synchronously preparing biochars with different qualities according to claim 1, wherein the starting device (1) is a direct carbonization device. ​ ​ ​ The first carbonization device (3) and the second carbonization device (4) are indirect carbonization devices.

4. The system for synchronously preparing different quality biochar according to claim 1, wherein, The first flue gas input port (b1) of the first carbonization device (3) is arranged at a flue gas entering temperature of 800-950℃, and the second flue gas output port (B2) of the first carbonization device (3) is arranged at a flue gas discharging temperature of 400-550℃.

5. The system for synchronously preparing different quality biochar according to claim 1, wherein, The second flue gas input port (b2) of the second carbonization device (4) is arranged at a flue gas entering temperature of 400-550℃.

6. The system for synchronously preparing different quality biochar according to claim 1, wherein, The reaction temperature of the starting device (1) is 500-700℃.

7. The system for synchronously preparing different quality biochar according to claim 2, wherein, The alkali metal element recovery device (5) is a vertical fixed bed structure, and a rotary grate is arranged at the bottom; The fourth raw material input port (C4) is arranged at the top of the alkali metal element recovery device (5), and the third flue gas input port (b3) is arranged at the bottom of the rotary grate.

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