Hot spraying equipment for converting edible mushroom waste residues into feed grains

Abstract

The utility model discloses thermal spraying equipment for converting edible mushroom waste residues into feed grains, which relates to the technical field of edible mushroom waste residue treatment and comprises a thermal spraying tank, the thermal spraying tank comprises a tank body, a steam spraying pipe arranged in the tank body and a first steam inlet pipe, one end of the first steam inlet pipe extends into the tank body, and a feeding port is arranged at the top of the tank body. The bottom of the tank body is provided with a feed port, the bottom of the tank body is provided with a discharge port, the tank body is provided with a feed valve at the feed port, the tank body is provided with a discharge valve at the discharge port, the pipe wall of the first steam spray pipe is provided with steam spray holes, and a dust cover covers the steam spray holes. When granular powdery edible mushroom waste residues are added into the tank body through the feeding funnel, the edible mushroom waste residues can slide down along the inclined surface on the dust cover under the action of the umbrella-shaped dust cover, so that the edible mushroom waste residues cannot enter the steam spraying pipe to block the steam spraying holes or the steam spraying pipe, and the steam spraying pipe and the steam spraying holes are ensured to be smooth; and the steam is smoothly sprayed into the tank body through the steam spraying holes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to edible fungus waste residue processing technical field, concretely relates to a kind of hot spray equipment of conversion edible fungus waste residue into feed grain. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the year-by-year improvement of people's living standard in our country, the consumption of edible fungi of people also rapidly grows, according to big data statistics, the total amount of edible fungi produced in our country in 2021 reached 4133.94 million tons, but also produced a large amount of edible fungus waste residue.According to big data statistics in 2022, the edible fungus waste residue produced in the whole country is 4221.9 million tons, and the waste material reused is less than 10%, and a large amount of waste material is burned as firewood, which has low utilization value and pollutes the environment.So people began to use waste fungus residue to connect beneficial microorganisms to re-ferment and make fermented feed to feed cattle and sheep and other herbivorous animals, and achieved results.But because the lignin content in waste residue is high and it is difficult to be degraded by beneficial bacteria, a small amount of addition to feed herbivorous animals cannot be digested and absorbed by animals.Because a large amount of raw materials contained in waste fungus residue are configured by corn cob powder, wheat bran, straw powder, soybean meal and sawdust and other agricultural and sideline products, although these raw materials have been degraded and digested by various edible fungus fungi, a part of nutrients is used by fungi to transform into fruit body mushroom protein for human use, but there are still a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and other nutrients in the remaining waste fungus residue, which cannot be digested and absorbed by herbivorous animals because of the close combination with lignin, so it is the key to efficiently decompose the cellulose, hemicellulose and other carbohydrate substances from the package of lignin to convert waste fungus residue into feed grain.Therefore, it is necessary to improve a kind of efficient and safe physical conversion equipment for converting edible fungus waste residue into feed grain.

[0003] The patent with publication number CN2437151Y discloses a kind of hot spray feed processing device, including spiral feeder and pressure tank, the discharge port of spiral feeder is connected with the feed valve on the top inlet of pressure tank, the bottom of pressure tank has discharge port, which is equipped with discharge valve, and the body of pressure tank has steam pipe interface.After hot spray processing, the nutritional value of feed is fully improved, which is beneficial to the digestion and absorption of livestock and improves the utilization rate of feed.But because there is no shielding on the steam outlet hole on the steam spray pipe in the pressure tank, the raw material falls on the steam outlet hole after falling from the top inlet of the pressure tank, and enters the steam spray pipe through the steam outlet hole and gathers, so as to block the steam outlet hole, and then reduce the flow of steam entering the pressure tank, prolong the production time and reduce the production efficiency.Even the steam cannot enter the pressure tank, which leads to the failure of production. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model relates to a kind of hot spray equipment for converting edible fungi waste residue into feed grain, for solving the problem that the material added in feed inlet is easy to cause steam outlet hole to be blocked.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that

[0006] A kind of hot spray equipment for converting edible fungi waste residue into feed grain, including hot spray tank, the hot spray tank includes tank body, steam jet pipe being arranged in tank body and the first steam inlet pipe being inserted into the inside of tank body, the steam jet pipe is fixedly connected with tank body, the first steam inlet pipe is fixedly communicated with steam jet pipe at the inside of tank body, the tank body top is equipped with feed inlet, the tank body bottom is equipped with discharge port, the tank body is equipped with feed valve at feed inlet, the tank body is equipped with discharge valve at discharge port, steam jet pipe wall is equipped with steam jet hole, the steam jet hole is covered with dust cover, the dust cover is fixedly connected with steam jet pipe.

[0007] Further, the steam jet pipe is vertically arranged, the dust cover is umbrella-shaped, the dust cover is sleeved on the steam jet pipe, and the steam jet hole is covered in the dust cover.

[0008] Further, the tank body is detachably connected with spray hopper at discharge port outside, and the discharge valve is connected to the end of spray hopper away from the tank body.

[0009] Further, the spray hopper is connected with the second steam inlet pipe near the bottom.

[0010] Further, the feed valve is fixedly connected outside the tank body, and the feed end of the feed valve is fixedly connected with the feed hopper.

[0011] Further, the outlet end of the discharge valve is sequentially connected with the cyclone collection tank, the screw conveyor and the drum dryer.

[0012] Further, the hot spray tank is provided with a steam boiler on one side, and the first steam inlet pipe is fixedly communicated with the steam discharge pipe of the steam boiler away from the steam jet pipe through the steam valve.

[0013] Further, the top of the tank body is fixedly communicated with the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe.

[0014] Further, the top of the tank body is fixedly connected with the pressure and temperature table, and the probe of the pressure and temperature table is inserted into the tank body.

[0015] The utility model has the following positive effects:

[0016] This invention utilizes a steam boiler to provide high-temperature, high-pressure steam to a thermal spraying tank, allowing the edible fungus waste residue inside to be fully cooked and softened under high temperature. Simultaneously, the high pressure reduces the volume and increases the density of the waste residue. When the pressure reaches a specified value (below 2 MPa, temperature between 100℃ and 140℃), the discharge valve is quickly opened, releasing the pressure instantaneously. This causes the original structure of various substances in the softened waste residue to break down into smaller molecules due to the bursting of internal stress, releasing all nutrients encapsulated by lignin. This transforms the previously indigestible substances in the waste residue into easily digestible sugars and amino acids, thus replacing a certain amount of feed grain. Furthermore, harmful bacteria and viruses carried in the waste residue are completely killed after high-temperature, high-pressure processing. Additionally, dust covers are installed on the steam nozzles of the steam spray pipes inside the thermal spraying tank, effectively preventing the powdered edible fungus waste residue from entering and clogging the steam spray pipes. The spray funnel, made of high-wear-resistant steel, is located at the lower outlet of the hot spray tank. When the material sprayed at high speed causes severe wear on the funnel, it can be replaced promptly, extending the service life of the hot spray tank. The sprayed material enters the cyclone collection tank tangentially through a connecting pipe, causing it to rotate along the inner wall of the tank. This centrifugal separation of the solid powder material causes it to sink to the bottom of the cyclone collection tank, while the waste steam separated at the center of rotation rises and exits through the exhaust pipe at the top of the cyclone collection tank, thus achieving the purpose of solid-vapor separation and material recovery. Both the inlet and outlet valves are high-pressure ball valves, with strong pressure resistance and tight sealing. They can be operated electrically or pneumatically for convenience and speed. This invention not only converts edible fungus waste into feed grain but also converts all plant straw and grain processing by-products into feed grain, truly achieving comprehensive utilization, turning waste into treasure, reducing feeding costs, and promoting the development of the livestock industry. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal spray tank;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a section of the central I area;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of a section in part II;

[0021] In the picture:

[0022] 1. Steam boiler; 2. Steam exhaust pipe; 3. Steam valve; 4. Feed valve; 5. Feed funnel; 6. Thermal spray tank; 7. Connecting pipe; 8. Cyclone collector; 9. Screw conveyor; 10. Rotary drum dryer; 11. Discharge valve; 12. Spraying bend; 13. Spraying funnel; 14. Second steam inlet pipe; 15. First steam inlet pipe; 16. Steam nozzle; 17. Steam diversion pipe; 18. Steam spray pipe; 19. Dust cover; 20. Tank body; 21. Outlet flange; 22. Feed inlet; 23. Pressure and temperature gauge; 24. Discharge outlet; 25. Exhaust pipe; 26. Exhaust valve. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1

[0024] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a thermal spraying device for converting edible fungi waste into feed grain includes a thermal spraying tank 6. The thermal spraying tank 6 includes a vertically enclosed tank body 20, steam spray pipes 18 disposed within the tank body 20, and a first steam inlet pipe 15 extending into the tank body 20. There are four vertically arranged steam spray pipes 18, evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the tank body 20, with both ends of the four steam spray pipes sealed. There are two first steam inlet pipes 15, arranged vertically, with the portions of the two first steam inlet pipes 15 inside the tank body 20 forming a ring that sequentially connects and fixes the four steam spray pipes 18. A pressure-temperature gauge 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the tank body 20, with the probe of the pressure-temperature gauge 23 extending into the tank body 20.

[0025] Each of the four first steam nozzles 18 has a set of steam nozzles evenly distributed vertically on its pipe wall. Each set of steam nozzles includes four steam nozzles 16 evenly distributed along the circumference of the first steam nozzle 18. Each set of steam nozzles is covered by an umbrella-shaped dust cover 19. The steam nozzle set and the dust cover 19 correspond one-to-one. The top of each dust cover 19 contacts and is fixedly connected to the corresponding steam nozzle 18. The steam nozzles 16 are respectively covered inside the corresponding dust cover 19.

[0026] Two first steam inlet pipes 15 are fixedly connected to the tank body 20 near their left ends. The portions of the two first steam inlet pipes 15 inside the tank body 20 are fixedly connected to the tank body 20 via support rods. The tank body 20 has a feed inlet 22 at the center of its top and a discharge outlet 24 at the center of its bottom. A short feed pipe is welded to the outer wall of the top of the tank body 20 at the feed inlet 22. A feed valve 4 is installed on the short feed pipe, and a feed funnel 5 is fixedly connected to the feed end of the feed valve 4.

[0027] The outer wall of the bottom of the tank body 20 is welded with a circular ring-shaped outlet flange 21 at the discharge port 24, the lower surface of the outlet flange 21 is provided with a material spraying hopper 13, the upper part of the material spraying hopper 13 is a large upward trumpet shape, the lower part of the material spraying hopper 13 is a cylindrical shape, the upper and lower ends of the material spraying hopper 13 are flanges, the flange of the upper end of the material spraying hopper 13 is connected with the outlet flange 21 through bolts, the lower end of the material spraying hopper 13 is connected with a material spraying elbow 12 through bolts, the outlet end of the right end of the material spraying elbow 12 is connected with a discharge valve 11, and the feeding valve 4 and the discharge valve 11 are both ball valves.

[0028] The right end of the discharge valve 11 is connected with a cyclone collecting tank 8 through a communication pipe 7, the bottom of the cyclone collecting tank 8 is provided with a spiral conveyor 9 which is inclined from the lower left to the upper right, the spiral conveyor 9 is an LS type pipe spiral conveyor, and the discharge port of the spiral conveyor 9 is provided below with a roller dryer 10.

[0029] The structure of the cyclone collecting tank 8 is same as that of the current cyclone dust collector, which comprises a cylinder body with a conical bottom and a steam discharge pipe arranged in the center of the cylinder body, the bottom of the cylinder body is a discharge port, and the top of the cylinder body is provided with a feeding pipe along the tangential direction of the cylinder body, and the feeding pipe is fixedly communicated with the communication pipe 7.

[0030] The steam boiler 1 is arranged beside the hot spraying tank 6, the top of the steam boiler 1 is a steam discharge pipe 2, the right end of the steam discharge pipe 2 is connected with a steam shunt pipe 17 through a steam valve 3, and two branch pipes in the steam shunt pipe 17 are fixedly communicated with two first steam inlet pipes 15 respectively.

[0031] The working process of the utility model is as follows:

[0032] 1, close the steam valve 3 and the discharge valve 11, open the feeding valve 4, and add the powdered edible fungus waste residue into the tank body 20 from the feeding hopper 5.

[0033] 2, close the feeding valve 4, open the steam valve 3, the steam in the steam boiler 1 sequentially passes through the steam discharge pipe 2, the steam valve 3 and the steam shunt pipe 17, enters the four steam spraying pipes 18 from the two first steam inlet pipes 15, and is sprayed into the tank body 20 from each steam spraying hole 16. The temperature and pressure indications of the pressure and temperature table 23 are observed, so that the pressure in the tank body 20 reaches below 2MPa, and the temperature is between 100 DEG C and 140 DEG C.

[0034] 3. The steam valve 3 is closed, and then the discharge valve 11 is opened to the maximum. The softened edible fungus residue in the tank 20 is ejected from the discharge port 24 along with high-temperature steam, and then passes through the spray hopper 13, the spray elbow 12, the discharge valve 11 and the connecting pipe 7 in sequence, and is sprayed into the cyclone collecting tank 8 along the tangential direction. Under the action of the centrifugal force, the edible fungus residue with a larger specific gravity falls along the side wall of the cyclone collecting tank 8 to the discharge port at the bottom of the tank, and is discharged by opening the discharge port gate valve. Then, the edible fungus residue is sent into the drum dryer 10 by the screw conveyor 9 for drying, and dry feed is formed. The steam and other gases are discharged through the exhaust pipe at the center of the cyclone collecting tank 8.

[0035] When the granular and powdery edible fungus residue is added into the tank 20 through the feed hopper 5, the edible fungus residue slides along the inclined surface of the dust cover 19 under the action of the umbrella-shaped dust cover 19, and thus does not enter the steam spray pipe 16, and further does not block the steam spray hole 16 or the steam spray pipe 15, so that the steam spray pipe 15 and the steam spray hole 16 are unblocked, and the steam can smoothly pass through the steam spray hole 16 and be sprayed into the tank 20. The taper of the dust cover 19 is between 60° and 120°, and is preferably 90°, which can ensure that the edible fungus residue falling on the dust cover 19 falls smoothly.

[0036] Since the edible fungus residue has a large pressure and a high speed when it is ejected from the discharge port 24, the impact force and the friction force on the spray hopper 13 are large when the edible fungus residue passes through the spray hopper 13. When the spray hopper 13 is worn after being used for a period of time, the spray hopper 13 can be replaced alone without replacing other components, so that the maintenance and repair time of the hot spray tank 6 can be reduced. The spray hopper 13 can be prepared as a consumable part, and is made of wear-resistant steel with a brand of Q3452, which is a kind of steel for pressure vessels and belongs to low-alloy steel.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The second steam inlet pipe 14 is connected to the part close to the bottom of the spray hopper 13. The exhaust pipe 25 is fixedly connected to the short pipe at the top of the tank 20, and the exhaust valve 26 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 25. The left end of the steam distribution pipe 17 is the main pipe connected to the steam valve 3, and the right end is three branch pipes connected to the main pipe. Two of the three branch pipes are fixedly connected to the two first steam inlet pipes 15, and the third branch pipe is fixedly connected to the second steam inlet pipe 14.

[0039] The edible fungus residue falling into the spray hopper 13 can be heated through the second steam inlet pipe 14, so that the edible fungus residue in the spray hopper 13 can not affect the quality of the final product due to the lack of heating.

[0040] When the steam injection into the tank 20 is started, the exhaust valve 26 can be opened to exhaust the cold air in the tank 20, so that the steam can rapidly fill the tank 20. After the tank 20 is filled with the steam, the exhaust valve 26 is closed.

[0041] The above-described embodiments are more detailed and specific, express the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and characteristics of the present application. The purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement it, but it is not limited to the present application, and the patent range of the present application cannot be limited by the present embodiment. That is, any equivalent changes or modifications made in the spirit disclosed by the present application, without departing from the structure of the present application, the internal improvement of the system and the change between the subsystems, and the transformation, etc., are still within the patent range of the present application.

Claims

1. A thermal spraying device for converting edible fungi waste into feed grain, characterized in that, The system includes a thermal spray tank (6), which comprises a tank body (20), a steam spray pipe (18) disposed within the tank body (20), and a first steam inlet pipe (15) extending into the tank body (20) at one end. The steam spray pipe (18) is fixedly connected to the tank body (20), and the first steam inlet pipe (15) located inside the tank body (20) is fixedly connected to the steam spray pipe (18). The top of the tank body (20) is provided with a feed inlet. 22) The tank (20) has a discharge port (24) at the bottom, a feed valve (4) at the feed inlet (22) and a discharge valve (11) at the discharge port (24). The steam nozzle (18) has a steam nozzle (16) on its pipe wall and a dust cover (19) covering the steam nozzle (16). The dust cover (19) is fixedly connected to the steam nozzle (18).

2. The thermal spraying equipment for converting edible fungus waste into feed grain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam nozzle (18) is vertically arranged, the dust cover (19) is umbrella-shaped, the dust cover (19) is fitted over the steam nozzle (18), and the steam nozzle (16) is covered inside the dust cover (19).

3. The thermal spraying equipment for converting edible fungus waste into feed grain according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spray funnel (13) is detachably connected to the outside of the tank (20) at the discharge port (24), and the discharge valve (11) is connected to the end of the spray funnel (13) away from the tank (20).

4. The thermal spraying equipment for converting edible fungus waste into feed grain according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spray funnel (13) is connected to a second steam inlet pipe (14) near the bottom.

5. The thermal spraying equipment for converting edible fungus waste into feed grain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed valve (4) is fixedly connected to the outside of the tank body (20), and the feed end of the feed valve (4) is fixedly connected to the feed funnel (5).

6. The thermal spraying equipment for converting edible fungus waste into feed grain according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outlet end of the discharge valve (11) is sequentially connected to a cyclone collection tank (8), a screw conveyor (9), and a drum dryer (10).

7. The thermal spraying equipment for converting edible fungus waste into feed grain according to claim 1, characterized in that, A steam boiler (1) is provided next to the hot spray tank (6), and the first steam inlet pipe (15) is fixedly connected to the end of the steam outlet pipe (2) of the steam boiler (1) away from the steam nozzle (18) through the steam valve (3).

8. The thermal spraying equipment for converting edible fungus waste into feed grain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the tank (20) is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe (25), and an exhaust valve (26) is provided on the exhaust pipe (25).

9. A thermal spraying device for converting edible fungus waste into feed grain according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure thermometer (23) is fixedly connected to the top of the tank (20), and the probe of the pressure thermometer (23) extends into the tank (20).

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