A voltage stabilizing protection circuit, a power supply system and an electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses a voltage stabilizing protection circuit, a power supply system and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of circuits, wherein the voltage stabilizing protection circuit comprises an input module, a current limiting module, a reference source module and a sampling module; the current limiting module comprises a comparator and a current limiting tube, the comparator is connected with the current limiting tube; the comparator is connected with the input module, the reference source module and the sampling module respectively; and the current limiting tube is connected with the input module. Compared with the related art, the application can realize real-time sampling of the working condition of the power supply interface based on the reference voltage output by the reference source module through the current limiting module, and can realize reverse modulation of the output power of the power supply interface based on the adjustment operation of the control signal, so that the complexity of the current limiting protection circuit is greatly reduced, the efficiency of the current limiting protection is improved, and the application has wide applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit technology, and in particular to a voltage regulation protection circuit, a power supply system, and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] A flyback power supply is used to convert the direct current output from the power battery into three-phase alternating current to drive the motor. It also receives information from the controller and control mechanism to control the motor's operation. When the drive circuit malfunctions and experiences overcurrent or short circuit, the low-voltage side flyback power supply is easily damaged.

[0003] Currently, the most common technologies used in this field are intelligent high-side open tubes or eFUSE to control power supply.

[0004] However, the relevant technologies require the integration of multiple switching protection mechanisms, resulting in complex power supply design schemes and a large system footprint. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a voltage regulation protection circuit, a power supply system, and an electronic device.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a voltage regulation and protection circuit, including: an input module, a current limiting module, a reference source module, and a sampling module;

[0007] The current limiting module includes a comparator and a current limiting tube, and the comparator is connected to the current limiting tube.

[0008] The comparator is connected to the input module, the reference source module, and the sampling module, respectively.

[0009] The current limiting tube is connected to the input module.

[0010] Optionally, the input module includes a voltage source, a first capacitor, a first Zener diode, and a first resistor;

[0011] The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the voltage source, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the voltage source;

[0012] The first end of the first Zener diode is connected to the first end of the voltage source, and the second end of the first Zener diode is connected to the second end of the voltage source;

[0013] The first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the voltage source, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the second end of the voltage source.

[0014] Optionally, the current limiting module includes a comparator, a second resistor, and a third resistor;

[0015] The first terminal of the comparator is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor, the second terminal of the second resistor is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor, and the second terminal of the third resistor is connected to the second terminal of the comparator.

[0016] Optionally, the first end of the current limiting tube is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the current limiting tube is connected to the second end of the second resistor.

[0017] Optionally, the reference source module includes a second Zener diode, a fourth resistor, and a second capacitor;

[0018] The first end of the second Zener diode is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the comparator, the third end of the comparator is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the second end of the second Zener diode.

[0019] Optionally, the reference source module further includes a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor;

[0020] The first end of the second Zener diode is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor; the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second end of the second Zener diode.

[0021] The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor.

[0022] Optionally, the sampling module includes a third capacitor, a seventh resistor, and an eighth resistor;

[0023] The first terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor, the second terminal of the seventh resistor is connected to the first terminal of the eighth resistor, and the second terminal of the eighth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor.

[0024] The first terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the fourth terminal of the comparator.

[0025] Optionally, the circuit further includes: an output voltage interface and a ground output interface;

[0026] The output voltage interface is located at the third end of the current limiting tube;

[0027] The output voltage interface is located on the line between the second end of the seventh resistor and the first end of the eighth resistor.

[0028] In a second aspect, this application provides a power supply system, including: a first power supply, a second power supply, a first converter, a second converter, a switch, a voltage regulator, and a voltage regulation protection circuit as described in the first aspect;

[0029] The first power supply is connected to the first converter, the second power supply is connected to the second converter, and the switch is connected to the first converter and the second converter respectively;

[0030] The switch is connected to the voltage regulator, and the voltage regulator is connected to the voltage protection circuit.

[0031] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, including the voltage regulation and protection circuit as described in the first aspect, or including the power supply system as described in the second aspect.

[0032] By employing the above technical solutions, this application provides a voltage regulation protection circuit, power supply system, and electronic device. Compared with existing technologies, the voltage regulation protection circuit of this application includes an input module, a current limiting module, a reference source module, and a sampling module. The current limiting module includes a comparator and a current limiting transistor, with the comparator connected to the current limiting transistor. The comparator is connected to the input module, the reference source module, and the sampling module respectively. The current limiting transistor is connected to the input module. Compared with related technologies, this application can sample the operating conditions of the power supply interface in real time based on the reference voltage output by the reference source module, and perform reverse modulation of the output power of the power supply interface based on the adjustment operation of the control signal. This greatly reduces the complexity of the current limiting protection circuit, improves the efficiency of current limiting protection, and has wide applicability.

[0033] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This paper shows a schematic diagram of a voltage regulation and protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 2 This illustration shows a structural diagram of an example provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] exist Figure 1middle:

[0039] 1-Input module, 11-Voltage source, 12-First capacitor, 13-First Zener diode, 14-First resistor;

[0040] 2-Current limiting module, 21-Comparator, 22-Second resistor, 23-Third resistor, 24-Current limiting transistor;

[0041] 3-Reference source module, 31-Second Zener diode, 32-Fourth resistor, 33-Fifth resistor, 34-Sixth resistor, 35-Second capacitor;

[0042] 4-Sampling module, 41-Third capacitor, 42-Seventh resistor, 43-Eighth resistor;

[0043] 5- Output voltage interface;

[0044] 6-Grounding output interface. Detailed Implementation

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0049] The following is combined with Figure 1 This application describes a voltage regulation and protection circuit according to some embodiments.

[0050] This application provides a voltage regulation and protection circuit, including: an input module 1, a current limiting module 2, a reference source module 3, and a sampling module 4; the current limiting module 2 includes a comparator 21 and a current limiting transistor 24, the comparator 21 and the current limiting transistor 24 are connected; the comparator 21 is connected to the input module 1, the current limiting module 2, and the reference source module 3 respectively; the current limiting transistor 24 is connected to the input module 1.

[0051] For example, as a high-side current-limiting protection switch scheme, the voltage regulation protection circuit can be divided into an input circuit, a reference source circuit, a current sampling circuit, and a current-limiting protection circuit. The current-limiting transistor can be a current-limiting bipolar transistor, and the comparator can be used to compare the input voltage with the reference voltage (Vref). The output voltage is adjusted through the reference source module. If an overcurrent condition occurs at the power supply interface (the current at the power supply interface is greater than the reference voltage), the voltage division of the current-limiting module can be increased to reduce the output power of the power supply interface. If an undercurrent condition occurs at the power supply interface (the current at the power supply interface is less than the reference voltage), the voltage division of the current-limiting module can be decreased to increase the output power of the power supply interface, thereby improving the efficiency of the current-limiting protection.

[0052] Compared with existing technologies, the voltage regulation protection circuit of this embodiment includes an input module, a current limiting module, a reference source module, and a sampling module. The current limiting module includes a comparator and a current limiting transistor, with the comparator connected to the current limiting transistor. The comparator is connected to the input module, the reference source module, and the sampling module respectively. The current limiting transistor is connected to the input module. Based on the reference voltage output by the reference source module, this embodiment samples the operating conditions of the power supply interface in real time through the current limiting module, and modulates the output power of the power supply interface in reverse based on the adjustment operation of the control signal. This greatly reduces the complexity of the current limiting protection circuit, improves the efficiency of current limiting protection, and has wide applicability.

[0053] Optionally, the input module 1 includes a voltage source 11, a first capacitor 12, a first Zener diode 13, and a first resistor 14; the first terminal of the first capacitor 12 is connected to the first terminal of the voltage source 11, and the second terminal of the first capacitor 12 is connected to the second terminal of the voltage source 11; the first terminal of the first Zener diode 13 is connected to the first terminal of the voltage source 11, and the second terminal of the first Zener diode 13 is connected to the second terminal of the voltage source 11; the first terminal of the first resistor 14 is connected to the first terminal of the voltage source 11, and the second terminal of the first resistor 14 is connected to the second terminal of the voltage source 11.

[0054] In some examples, the voltage source can be battery voltage, or it can be the output of a DC-DC converter or a low-noise linear regulator (LDO).

[0055] For example, the first capacitor in the input module can be a voltage source output filter capacitor, which can be used for filtering and reducing noise in the input voltage. The first Zener diode can be a surge protection Zener diode, and the first resistor can be a dummy load used to test the output stability, efficiency, and protection function of the voltage source under different load conditions. After being filtered by the first capacitor and the first Zener diode, the voltage source V1 enters the circuit through the first resistor.

[0056] Optionally, the current limiting module 2 includes a comparator 21, a second resistor 22, and a third resistor 23; the first end of the comparator 21 is connected to the first end of the second resistor 22, the second end of the second resistor 22 is connected to the first end of the third resistor 23, and the second end of the third resistor 23 is connected to the second end of the comparator 21.

[0057] In some examples, the second resistor can be used to limit the current and provide some impedance matching, while the third resistor can be a base regulating resistor. The output voltage of the circuit can be divided by the second and third resistors and regulated through the negative feedback loop of the comparator.

[0058] Optionally, the current limiting module 2 also includes a current limiting tube 24; the first end of the current limiting tube 24 is connected to the first end of the second resistor 22, and the second end of the current limiting tube 24 is connected to the second end of the second resistor 22.

[0059] In some examples, the current-limiting transistor can be a current-limiting triode used to prevent the current in the circuit from exceeding a safe value, thereby protecting the circuit and related components from damage. Under normal operating conditions, the current-limiting transistor remains in the conducting state to ensure current stability. By adjusting its own conductivity, it limits the current flowing to the load, ensuring that the circuit operates within a safe range.

[0060] Optionally, the reference source module 3 includes a second Zener diode 31, a fourth resistor 32, and a second capacitor 35; the first end of the second Zener diode 31 is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor 32, the second end of the fourth resistor 32 is connected to the first end of the comparator 21, the third end of the comparator 21 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor 35, and the second end of the second capacitor 35 is connected to the second end of the second Zener diode 31.

[0061] Optionally, the reference source module 3 also includes a fifth resistor 33 and a sixth resistor 34; the first end of the second Zener diode 31 is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor 33; the second end of the fifth resistor 33 is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor 34, and the second end of the sixth resistor 34 is connected to the second end of the second Zener diode 31; the first end of the sixth resistor 34 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor 35.

[0062] In some examples, the fourth resistor can be used to limit current and provide impedance matching, the fifth and sixth resistors are voltage divider resistors, and the second capacitor is a voltage regulator filter capacitor. The fourth resistor and the second capacitor can form a voltage regulator circuit, with the fifth and sixth resistors further dividing the voltage based on the second Zener diode to generate the reference voltage Vref at the negative input of the comparator.

[0063] Optionally, the sampling module 4 includes a third capacitor 41, a seventh resistor 42, and an eighth resistor 43; the first end of the third capacitor 41 is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor 42, the second end of the seventh resistor 42 is connected to the first end of the eighth resistor 43, and the second end of the eighth resistor 43 is connected to the second end of the third capacitor 41; the first end of the third capacitor 41 is connected to the fourth end of the comparator 21.

[0064] In some examples, the seventh resistor is a filter resistor, the eighth resistor is a sampling resistor, and the third capacitor is a filter capacitor. The voltage on the eighth resistor is filtered by the seventh resistor and the third capacitor and then transmitted to the positive input of the comparator. This voltage is approximately equal to the voltage on the eighth resistor. The sampling module is used for further filtering and protection of the output voltage.

[0065] Optionally, the voltage regulation protection circuit also includes: an output voltage interface 5 and a ground output interface 6; the output voltage interface 5 is located at the third terminal of the current limiting tube 24; the output voltage interface 6 is located on the line between the second terminal of the seventh resistor 42 and the first terminal of the eighth resistor 43.

[0066] In some examples, the output voltage interface (V_OUT) and the ground output interface (GND_OUT) are the external power supply interfaces for the voltage regulation and protection circuit.

[0067] For example, under normal operating conditions, the current output from V1 to V_OUT is small. This small current creates a low voltage across the eighth resistor, which is lower than the reference voltage Vref at the negative input of the comparator. The comparator outputs a low level, and the current limiter is in saturation conduction. If a failure occurs on the V_OUT drive side, resulting in a larger current demand, the voltage across the eighth resistor will be higher than the reference voltage Vref at the negative input of comparator U1. The comparator outputs a high-impedance state, causing the current limiter to enter the cutoff region, and the V_OUT output voltage decreases. This decrease in V_OUT output voltage also reduces the output current, further decreasing the voltage across the eighth resistor. This reverse modulation pulls the comparator low again and turns the current limiter back on, increasing V_OUT. The negative feedback modulation eventually reaches a balance, with the voltage across the eighth resistor fluctuating around Vref.

[0068] For example, the power supply system in this embodiment may include: a first power supply, a second power supply, a first converter, a second converter, a switch, a voltage regulator, and the aforementioned voltage regulation and protection circuit; the first power supply is connected to the first converter, the second power supply is connected to the second converter, the switch is connected to the first converter and the second converter respectively; the switch is connected to the voltage regulator, and the voltage regulator is connected to the voltage regulation and protection circuit.

[0069] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, a flyback power supply, also known as a flyback switching power supply, includes a high-voltage side flyback power supply (High Voltage, HV) and a low-voltage side flyback power supply (Low Voltage, LV). Based on a flyback converter, it is used in new energy vehicles for signal and energy transfer. It converts the DC power output from the power battery into three-phase AC power to drive the motor, while simultaneously receiving information from the controller and control mechanism to control the motor's operation. During the main switch's conduction period, the converter only stores energy and does not transfer it; energy is only transferred to the load during the main switch's off period. The high-voltage side flyback power supply can power the H-bridge drive circuit. When the high-voltage side flyback power supply fails, the low-voltage side flyback power supply can continue to power the H-bridge drive circuit. By applying the voltage regulation protection circuit with current limiting protection in this embodiment, it can be ensured that the low-voltage side flyback power supply will not be damaged due to overcurrent or short circuit conditions.

[0070] Compared with existing technologies, the voltage regulation protection circuit of this embodiment includes an input module, a current limiting module, a reference source module, and a sampling module. The current limiting module includes a comparator and a current limiting transistor, with the comparator connected to the current limiting transistor. The comparator is connected to the input module, the reference source module, and the sampling module respectively. The current limiting transistor is connected to the input module. This embodiment can sample the operating condition of the power supply interface in real time based on the reference voltage output by the reference source module, and perform reverse modulation on the output power of the power supply interface based on the adjustment operation of the control signal. If an overcurrent condition occurs at the power supply interface, the voltage division of the current limiting module is increased to reduce the output power of the power supply interface; if an undercurrent condition occurs at the power supply interface, the voltage division of the current limiting module is decreased to increase the output power of the power supply interface. This greatly reduces the complexity of the current limiting protection circuit, improves the efficiency of current limiting protection, and has wide applicability.

[0071] Based on the above-mentioned voltage regulation and protection circuit, this application embodiment also provides an electronic device, which includes the above-mentioned voltage regulation and protection circuit or the above-mentioned power supply system. The electronic device in this embodiment can be a motor controller or other devices.

[0072] Optionally, the aforementioned physical devices may also include a user interface, a network interface, a camera, radio frequency (RF) circuitry, sensors, audio circuitry, a Wi-Fi module, etc. The user interface may include a display screen, input units such as a keyboard, etc., and optional user interfaces may also include USB interfaces, card reader interfaces, etc. The network interface may optionally include standard wired interfaces, wireless interfaces (such as Wi-Fi interfaces), etc.

[0073] Those skilled in the art will understand that the physical device structure provided in this embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the physical device, and may include more or fewer components, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0074] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or it can be implemented by hardware. Compared with the prior art, the voltage regulation protection circuit of this embodiment includes an input module, a current limiting module, a reference source module, and a sampling module. The current limiting module includes a comparator and a current limiting transistor, with the comparator connected to the current limiting transistor. The comparator is connected to the input module, the reference source module, and the sampling module respectively. The current limiting transistor is connected to the input module. Based on the reference voltage output by the reference source module, the current limiting module samples the operating condition of the power supply interface in real time, and modulates the output power of the power supply interface in reverse based on the adjustment operation of the control signal. If an overcurrent condition occurs at the power supply interface, the voltage division of the current limiting module is increased to reduce the output power of the power supply interface; if an undercurrent condition occurs at the power supply interface, the voltage division of the current limiting module is decreased to increase the output power of the power supply interface. This greatly reduces the complexity of the current limiting protection circuit, improves the efficiency of current limiting protection, and has wide applicability.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0076] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A voltage regulation and protection circuit, characterized in that, include: Input module, current limiting module, reference source module, and sampling module; The current limiting module includes a comparator and a current limiting tube, and the comparator is connected to the current limiting tube. The comparator is connected to the input module, the reference source module, and the sampling module, respectively. The current limiting tube is connected to the input module.

2. The voltage regulation and protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input module includes a voltage source, a first capacitor, a first Zener diode, and a first resistor; The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the voltage source, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the voltage source; The first end of the first Zener diode is connected to the first end of the voltage source, and the second end of the first Zener diode is connected to the second end of the voltage source; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the voltage source, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the second end of the voltage source.

3. The voltage regulation and protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The current limiting module also includes a second resistor and a third resistor; The first terminal of the comparator is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor, the second terminal of the second resistor is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor, and the second terminal of the third resistor is connected to the second terminal of the comparator.

4. The voltage regulation and protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first end of the current limiting tube is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the current limiting tube is connected to the second end of the second resistor.

5. The voltage regulation and protection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reference source module includes a second Zener diode, a fourth resistor, and a second capacitor; The first end of the second Zener diode is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the comparator, the third end of the comparator is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the second end of the second Zener diode.

6. The voltage regulation and protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reference source module also includes a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; The first end of the second Zener diode is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor; the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second end of the second Zener diode. The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor.

7. The voltage regulation and protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sampling module includes a third capacitor, a seventh resistor, and an eighth resistor; The first terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor, the second terminal of the seventh resistor is connected to the first terminal of the eighth resistor, and the second terminal of the eighth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor. The first terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the fourth terminal of the comparator.

8. The voltage regulation and protection circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The circuit also includes: an output voltage interface and a ground output interface; The output voltage interface is located at the third end of the current limiting tube; The output voltage interface is located on the line between the second end of the seventh resistor and the first end of the eighth resistor.

9. A power supply system, characterized in that, include: A first power supply, a second power supply, a first converter, a second converter, a switch, a voltage regulator, and a voltage regulation protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The first power supply is connected to the first converter, the second power supply is connected to the second converter, and the switch is connected to the first converter and the second converter respectively; The switch is connected to the voltage regulator, and the voltage regulator is connected to the voltage protection circuit.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes the voltage regulation and protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or the power supply system as described in claim 9.

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