A height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle

Abstract

The utility model relates to laser cladding nozzle technical field, specifically disclose a height adjustable laser cladding nozzle, the height adjustable laser cladding nozzle at, it includes: nozzle body, hollow air cylinder, the hollow air cylinder sets up in the nozzle body top and is connected with the nozzle body, the hollow air cylinder's axis place is provided with the hollow passage that penetrates the hollow air cylinder, the axis of the hollow passage coincides with the axis of the nozzle body. The utility model has through hollow air cylinder and laser cladding nozzle coaxial arrangement and realizes nozzle vertical adjustment, has obviously promoted the adaptability, the adjustment accuracy and the efficiency of laser cladding nozzle to complex processing surface, has guaranteed laser and the coaxial coupling effect of powder simultaneously, has improved the homogeneity and the quality of laser cladding layer's advantage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser cladding nozzle technology, and in particular to a height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of laser cladding technology, the laser cladding nozzle, as a key component, directly affects the forming quality and processing efficiency of the cladding layer. Currently, most laser cladding nozzle designs in the market and practical applications employ a fixed height or macroscopic adjustment via a robotic arm to adapt to surfaces of varying heights. This approach is particularly cumbersome when dealing with workpieces with significant surface height variations. The robotic arm's adjustment is not only slow in response but also struggles to achieve micron-level precision, leading to continuous changes in the distance between the nozzle and the cladding surface during the cladding process, thus affecting the uniformity and quality of the cladding layer. Secondly, for processing scenarios requiring frequent nozzle height adjustments, traditional methods often rely on manual intervention or complex mechanical structures. This not only increases operational difficulty and labor intensity but also reduces production efficiency and processing accuracy. Furthermore, complex mechanical structures increase equipment failure rates and maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a highly adjustable laser cladding nozzle, which has the advantages of being coaxially set with the laser cladding nozzle by a central air cylinder and realizing vertical adjustment of the nozzle, significantly improving the adaptability, adjustment accuracy and efficiency of the laser cladding nozzle to complex processing surfaces, while ensuring the coaxial coupling effect of laser and powder, and improving the uniformity and quality of the laser cladding layer.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A highly adjustable laser cladding nozzle, comprising:

[0006] Nozzle body;

[0007] An air cylinder is provided above and connected to the nozzle body. A hollow channel is provided through the air cylinder at its axis, and the axis of the hollow channel coincides with the axis of the nozzle body.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, this application achieves precise vertical adjustment of the nozzle body height without moving the robotic arm by setting the air cylinder above the nozzle body and aligning their axes. This effectively solves the problem of reduced cladding quality caused by uneven processing surfaces and improves the uniformity and quality stability of the cladding layer.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the intermediate air cylinder includes:

[0010] A cylinder body, the cylinder body having an internal air chamber, the cylinder body being provided with a first through hole, the first through hole being located at the axis of the cylinder body and penetrating the cylinder body;

[0011] A hollow piston is provided with a second through hole located at the axis of the hollow piston. One end of the hollow piston is located in the air chamber, and the other end extends out of the cylinder body through the first through hole.

[0012] A guide tube, one end of which is located in the first through hole and is interference-fitted with the cylinder body, and the other end of which is located in the second through hole and is clearance-fitted with the hollow piston;

[0013] A connecting plate, which is connected to one end of the hollow piston extending out of the cylinder and the nozzle body, respectively.

[0014] The second through hole, the guide tube, and the first through hole together form the hollow channel.

[0015] By adopting the above-mentioned scheme, the hollow channel coaxial with the laser cladding nozzle can be used to flexibly adjust the height of the nozzle body while ensuring the smooth passage of the laser beam. At the same time, the cooperation between the guide tube, piston, and cylinder ensures the stability and accuracy of the adjustment process, further improving the reliability and efficiency of the cladding process.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hollow piston includes a piston portion and a piston rod. The piston portion is located in the air chamber. One end of the piston rod is connected to the piston portion, and the other end extends out of the cylinder body through the first through hole. The second through hole passes through the piston portion and the piston rod respectively, and the axis of the second through hole coincides with the axis of the piston rod and the axis of the piston portion.

[0017] By adopting the above-mentioned solution, the piston part and piston rod of the hollow piston are designed as an integrated unit, and the second through hole passes through both and keeps the axes coincident, which improves the rigidity and coaxiality of the hollow piston, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the hollow cylinder when adjusting the nozzle height and reducing the adjustment error caused by the hollow piston wobble.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the connecting plate is provided with a connecting through hole, the position of which corresponds to the position of the second through hole.

[0019] By adopting the above-mentioned scheme, the setting of the connecting through hole facilitates the precise docking of the laser beam and protective gas with the nozzle body when passing through the hollow channel, while simplifying the connection structure and improving assembly efficiency and maintainability.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the cylinder body is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust outlet, the air inlet and the exhaust outlet are respectively located at both ends of the air chamber and are both connected to the air chamber.

[0021] By adopting the above scheme, the air cylinder can achieve vertical adjustment of the nozzle body through air pressure transmission by setting the air inlet and exhaust port. At the same time, the setting of the exhaust port helps the cylinder to quickly reset and operate stably, improving the response speed and reliability of the entire adjustment system.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the nozzle body includes:

[0023] An inner nozzle, wherein a laser channel is provided at the axis of the inner nozzle, and the laser channel is connected to the hollow channel;

[0024] A powder feeding ring is sleeved on the inner nozzle and has a powder feeding through hole.

[0025] An outer nozzle is disposed below the inner nozzle and connected to the powder feeding ring. The outer nozzle has an opening corresponding to the laser channel. A powder feeding channel is formed between the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle. The powder feeding through hole is connected to the powder feeding channel.

[0026] The above scheme, with the laser channel and powder feeding channel being independent and coaxially arranged, ensures precise focusing of the laser beam, optimizes powder delivery and aggregation, and improves the forming quality and material utilization of the cladding layer.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the top wall of the outer nozzle is provided with a cooling ring groove, the cooling ring groove and the powder feeding ring together form a cooling cavity, and the powder feeding ring is provided with at least two cooling through holes, the cooling through holes being connected to the cooling cavity.

[0028] By adopting the above solution, the performance degradation of the nozzle body due to high temperature during laser cladding can be effectively solved by setting up a cooling cavity. By circulating cooling water or gas and other cooling media, the heat generated by the nozzle body can be removed in time, ensuring the continuous stability of the cladding process and the service life of the nozzle body.

[0029] The aforementioned height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle has the following advantages: by setting the hollow cylinder and the laser cladding nozzle coaxially, the nozzle's vertical direction can be precisely adjusted using pneumatic transmission, effectively solving the problem of cladding quality fluctuation caused by the non-adjustable height of traditional nozzles when processing complex surfaces; at the same time, the hollow channel and the laser channel are set coaxially, ensuring unobstructed transmission of the laser beam and protective gas, improving the uniformity of the cladding layer and material utilization, thereby achieving efficient, stable, and high-precision laser cladding processing. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a front view of a height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air cylinder structure in a height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air cylinder in a height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Nozzle body; 11. Inner nozzle; 12. Laser channel; 13. Powder feeding ring; 14. Powder feeding through hole; 15. Outer nozzle; 16. Powder feeding channel; 17. Cooling ring groove; 18. Cooling cavity; 19. Cooling through hole; 2. Hollow cylinder; 21. Cylinder body; 22. First through hole; 23. Hollow piston; 231. Piston part; 232. Piston rod; 24. Second through hole; 25. Guide tube; 26. Connecting plate; 27. Connecting through hole; 28. Air inlet; 29. ​​Exhaust port; 3. Hollow channel.

[0036] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0039] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0040] This invention proposes a height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 3In one embodiment of this utility model, a height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle includes: a nozzle body 1 and a central air cylinder 2. The central air cylinder 2 is disposed above and connected to the nozzle body 1. A hollow channel 3 is provided through the central air cylinder 2 along its axis, and the axis of the hollow channel 3 coincides with the axis of the nozzle body 1. The nozzle body 1 includes an inner nozzle 11, a powder feeding ring 13, and an outer nozzle 15. A laser channel 12 is provided along the axis of the inner nozzle 11 and is connected to the hollow channel 3. The laser channel 12 is connected to the inner nozzle 11, and the axis of the laser channel 12 coincides with the axis of the hollow channel 3. The powder feeding ring 13 is sleeved on the inner nozzle 11, and the powder feeding ring 13 has three powder feeding through holes 14, which are evenly distributed along the axis of the powder feeding ring 13. The outer nozzle 15 is located below the inner nozzle 11 and is connected to the powder feeding ring 13 by bolts. The outer nozzle 15 has an opening corresponding to the laser channel 12, and the gap between the outer nozzle 15 and the inner nozzle 11 forms a powder feeding channel 16. The powder feeding through holes 14 are connected to the powder feeding channel 16. The top wall of the outer nozzle 15 is provided with a cooling ring groove 17, which together with the powder feeding ring 13 forms a cooling cavity 18. The powder feeding ring 13 has two cooling through holes 19, which are connected to the cooling cavity 18. By positioning the air cylinder 2 above the nozzle body 1 with their axes aligned, precise vertical adjustment of the nozzle body 1's height is achieved without moving the robotic arm. This effectively solves the problem of reduced cladding quality caused by uneven processing surfaces, improving the uniformity and quality stability of the cladding layer. The laser channel 12 and powder feeding channel 16 are independent and coaxially aligned, ensuring precise laser beam focusing and optimizing powder delivery and aggregation, thus improving the forming quality and material utilization of the cladding layer. The cooling cavity 18 effectively addresses the performance degradation of the nozzle body 1 due to high temperatures during laser cladding. Circulating cooling water or gas effectively removes heat generated by the nozzle body 1, ensuring the continuous stability of the cladding process and extending the service life of the nozzle body 1.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5In one embodiment, the hollow cylinder 2 includes: a cylinder body 21, a hollow piston 23, a guide tube 25, and a connecting plate 26. The cylinder body 21 has an internal air chamber and a first through hole 22 located at the axis of the cylinder body 21 and penetrating the cylinder body 21. The cylinder body 21 has an air inlet 28 and an exhaust port 29, which are located at opposite ends of the air chamber and are both connected to the air chamber. The hollow piston 23 has a second through hole 24 located at the axis of the hollow piston 23. One end of the hollow piston 23 is located inside the air chamber, and the other end extends out of the cylinder body 21 through the first through hole 22. The hollow piston 23 includes a piston portion 231 and a piston rod 232. The piston part 231 is located in the gas chamber. One end of the piston rod 232 is connected to the piston part 231, and the other end extends out of the cylinder body 21 through the first through hole 22. The second through hole 24 is provided through the piston part 231 and the piston rod 232 respectively, and the axis of the second through hole 24 coincides with the axis of the piston rod 232 and the axis of the piston part 231. It is worth noting that in order to prevent the gas in the gas chamber from overflowing through the second through hole, a sealing ring is provided between the piston part and the guide tube. Specifically, a sealing ring groove is provided in the piston part corresponding to the second through hole, and the sealing ring is placed in the sealing ring groove. During assembly, the sealing ring abuts against the piston part and the guide tube respectively to ensure a certain airtightness between the piston part and the guide tube. One end of the guide tube 25 is located inside the first through hole 22 and is press-fitted with the cylinder body 21. The other end of the guide tube 25 is located inside the second through hole 24 and is clearance-fitted with the hollow piston 23. One side of the connecting plate 26 is welded to the end of the hollow piston 23 that extends out of the cylinder body 21, and the other side is connected to the inner nozzle 11 by bolts. The connecting plate 26 has a connecting through hole 27, the position of which corresponds to the position of the second through hole 24. The second through hole 24, the guide tube 25, and the first through hole 22 together form the hollow channel 3. Through the hollow channel 3, which is coaxial with the laser cladding nozzle, the height of the nozzle body 1 can be flexibly adjusted while ensuring the smooth passage of the laser beam. At the same time, the cooperation between the guide tube 25 and the piston and cylinder body 21 ensures the stability and accuracy of the adjustment process, further improving the reliability and efficiency of the cladding process. The piston portion 231 and piston rod 232 of the hollow piston 23 are integrated, and the second through hole 24 passes through both while maintaining their axial alignment. This improves the rigidity and coaxiality of the hollow piston 23, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the hollow cylinder 2 when adjusting the nozzle height and reducing adjustment errors caused by the sway of the hollow piston 23. The connection through hole 27 facilitates the precise docking of the laser beam and protective gas with the nozzle body 1 when passing through the hollow channel 3, while simplifying the connection structure and improving assembly efficiency and maintainability.With the air inlet 28 and the exhaust port 29, the air cylinder 2 can achieve vertical adjustment of the nozzle body 1 through pneumatic transmission. At the same time, the exhaust port 29 helps the cylinder to reset quickly and operate stably, improving the response speed and reliability of the entire adjustment system.

[0043] By setting the hollow cylinder 2 coaxially with the laser cladding nozzle, the nozzle's vertical direction can be precisely adjusted using pneumatic transmission, effectively solving the problem of cladding quality fluctuation caused by the inability to adjust the height of traditional nozzles when processing complex surfaces. At the same time, the hollow channel 3 is set coaxially with the laser channel 12, ensuring unobstructed transmission of the laser beam and protective gas, improving the uniformity of the cladding layer and the material utilization rate, thereby achieving efficient, stable, and high-precision laser cladding processing.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle, characterized in that, include: Nozzle body; An air cylinder is provided above and connected to the nozzle body. A hollow channel is provided through the air cylinder at its axis, and the axis of the hollow channel coincides with the axis of the nozzle body.

2. The height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate air cylinder includes: A cylinder body, the cylinder body having an air chamber inside, the cylinder body being provided with a first through hole, the first through hole being located at the axis of the cylinder body and penetrating the cylinder body; A hollow piston is provided with a second through hole located at the axis of the hollow piston. One end of the hollow piston is located in the air chamber, and the other end extends out of the cylinder body through the first through hole. A guide tube, one end of which is located in the first through hole and is interference-fitted with the cylinder body, and the other end of which is located in the second through hole and is clearance-fitted with the hollow piston; A connecting plate, which is connected to one end of the hollow piston extending out of the cylinder and the nozzle body, respectively. The second through hole, the guide tube, and the first through hole together form the hollow channel.

3. The height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow piston includes a piston portion and a piston rod. The piston portion is located inside the air chamber. One end of the piston rod is connected to the piston portion, and the other end extends out of the cylinder body through the first through hole. The second through hole passes through the piston portion and the piston rod respectively, and the axis of the second through hole coincides with the axis of the piston rod and the axis of the piston portion.

4. The height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting plate is provided with a connecting through hole, the position of which corresponds to the position of the second through hole.

5. The height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylinder block is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust outlet, which are located at opposite ends of the air chamber and are both connected to the air chamber.

6. The height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle body includes: An inner nozzle, wherein a laser channel is provided at the axis of the inner nozzle, and the laser channel is connected to the hollow channel; A powder feeding ring is sleeved on the inner nozzle and has a powder feeding through hole. An outer nozzle is disposed below the inner nozzle and connected to the powder feeding ring. The outer nozzle has an opening corresponding to the laser channel. A powder feeding channel is formed between the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle. The powder feeding through hole is connected to the powder feeding channel.

7. The height-adjustable laser cladding nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top wall of the outer nozzle is provided with a cooling ring groove, which together with the powder feeding ring forms a cooling cavity. The powder feeding ring is provided with at least two cooling through holes, which are connected to the cooling cavity.

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