Arrangement structure suitable for flood discharge and sediment flushing sluice on multi-sediment river

Abstract

The utility model discloses a layout structure suitable for flood discharge and sand washing lock on many silt river, including sand washing lock and flood discharge lock, sand washing lock and flood discharge lock are side by side arrangement, and the upstream of sand washing lock and flood discharge lock is equipped with lock chamber upstream blanket, and the upstream blanket is equipped with the water retaining wall structure between sand washing lock and flood discharge lock, and the downstream of sand washing lock and flood discharge lock is equipped with downstream apron structure, and the downstream apron structure is equipped with the flow guide wall structure corresponding with water retaining wall structure, and the downstream apron structure tail end is fixedly connected with the sea bank structure, and the downstream apron structure and sea bank structure are equipped with apron tail end deep -tooth wall, still include water diversion lock, and water diversion lock is located at the one side of sand washing lock away from water retaining wall structure. The utility model discloses a layout structure suitable for flood discharge and sand washing lock on many silt river, solves the problem of easy wear and tear of existing energy dissipation mode, destroys the sea bank, threatens the stability of building and increases the maintenance management difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of river damming and water diversion structures in water conservancy projects, specifically relating to the arrangement structure of flood discharge and sand flushing gates applicable to rivers with high sediment content. Background Technology

[0002] Flood discharge and sediment flushing gates, common structures on river-diverting waterworks, are widely used in water conservancy and hydropower projects. In provinces like Gansu and Xinjiang, many rivers experience high flow velocities and carry large amounts of sediment, especially during the flood season, when bedload sediment containing large gravels is carried downstream. To protect the downstream riverbed, stilling basins or aprons are typically installed downstream of flood discharge and sediment flushing gates at waterworks to dissipate energy or stabilize the flow.

[0003] On rivers with high sediment loads, the floodwaters carry large gravels, and if a stilling basin is installed downstream of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate, the bedload will cause significant abrasion to the stilling basin, easily damaging the bottom slab, tail sill, and energy dissipation structures. While installing an anti-erosion concrete apron with a seawall downstream of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate can effectively reduce the abrasion and damage to concrete structures like the apron, the high-speed flow carrying sediment and gravel, without energy dissipation, can easily erode the downstream seawall, creating deep scour pits at the apron's end, threatening the stability and safety of nearby aprons, sidewalls, and other structures, and increasing the workload and difficulty of maintenance and management during the project's operation. Therefore, selecting a suitable structural layout for the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate of a water diversion project on a river with high sediment load is crucial for the safety and economy of the entire water diversion project. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an arrangement structure suitable for flood discharge and sand flushing gates on rivers with high sediment content, solving the problems of existing energy dissipation methods being prone to wear and tear, erosion of the seawall, threats to the stability of structures, and increased difficulty in maintenance and management.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is an arrangement structure applicable to flood discharge and sand flushing gates on rivers with high sediment content. It includes a sand flushing gate and a flood discharge gate, which are arranged side by side. An upstream cover is provided for the gate chamber upstream of the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate. A water-binding wall structure is provided on the upstream cover between the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate. A downstream apron structure is provided downstream of the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate. A guide wall structure corresponding to the water-binding wall structure is provided on the downstream apron structure. A seawall structure is fixed to the end of the downstream apron structure. A deep toothed wall is provided at the end of the apron structure between the downstream apron structure and the seawall structure. It also includes a water intake gate, which is located on the side of the sand flushing gate away from the water-binding wall structure.

[0006] The features of this utility model also include:

[0007] The flushing gate and the flood discharge gate are arranged across the river channel. The flushing gate has several flushing holes, and the flood discharge gate has several flood discharge holes. The width of the flushing gate is smaller than that of the flood discharge gate. The bottom plate elevation of the flushing gate is 0.5 m to 1 m lower than that of the flood discharge gate. The bottom plate elevation of the flood discharge gate is the same as the average riverbed elevation in the natural river channel during the dry season. The bottom plate elevation of the area upstream of the gate chamber, which is covered on one side of the guide wall structure near the flushing gate, is the same as that of the flushing gate. The bottom plate elevation of the area upstream of the gate chamber, which is covered on the other side of the guide wall structure near the flood discharge gate, is the same as that of the flood discharge gate.

[0008] The water intake gate is an open sluice gate. The bottom elevation of the water intake gate is 1m to 2m higher than the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate. The angle between the center line of the water intake gate and the direction of water flow is 105° to 110°. The outlet end of the water intake gate is connected to the downstream channel of the water intake gate.

[0009] The water-binding wall structure includes a water-binding wall, and a joint pier between the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate. The water-binding wall is located on the extension line of the center line of the joint pier between the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate. The water-binding wall is connected to the upstream end of the joint pier between the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate through a transition section connecting the water-binding wall and the gate chamber joint pier. The water-binding wall is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross section. The water-binding wall is a reinforced concrete structure water-binding wall with a top width of 0.5m to 1m.

[0010] The downstream apron structure includes the downstream apron of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The downstream apron of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber has a slope of 1 / 10 to 1 / 20 along the water flow direction. The bottom elevation of the downstream apron of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is the same as that of the sand flushing gate. The thickness of the downstream apron of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 1m to 2m, and the length of the downstream apron of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 20m to 40m. The side wall of the downstream apron of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is provided on the side of the sand flushing gate. The top elevation of the side wall of the apron is the same as that of the side pier of the sand flushing gate. The downstream apron of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is formed by pouring an anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer on the water-facing side and an ordinary reinforced concrete layer. The thickness of the anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer on the water-facing side is 0.5m.

[0011] The diversion wall structure includes a downstream diversion wall for the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The downstream diversion wall for the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is connected to the gate chamber pier via a transition section that connects the diversion wall to the downstream end of the pier between the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate. The downstream diversion wall for the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross-section. The downstream diversion wall for the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is a reinforced concrete structure. The downstream end of the downstream diversion wall for the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is flush with the end of the downstream apron of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The top width of the downstream diversion wall for the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 0.5m to 1m.

[0012] The deep toothed wall at the end of the apron is a concrete wall with a thickness of 0.5m to 1m and a depth of 5m to 15m. On the water-facing side of the deep toothed wall at the end of the apron, there is a backfill compaction zone at the bottom of the apron downstream of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. On the water-repellent side of the deep toothed wall at the end of the apron, there is a deep toothed wall large stone backfill zone at the bottom of the seawall structure. The cross-section of the deep toothed wall large stone backfill zone and the backfill compaction zone is triangular.

[0013] The revetment structure includes a revetment with a thickness of 1m and a length of 20m-50m. The width of the revetment is consistent with the width of the downstream apron of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate chamber. A deep-toothed wall with large-block backfill is located at the bottom of the revetment. A transition section, 10m-30m in length, is located on the riverbank side of the revetment. The top elevation of the transition section on the side closest to the downstream apron is the same as the top elevation of the apron sidewall, while the top elevation of the transition section on the side furthest from the downstream apron is lower than the top elevation of the apron sidewall. A riverbank revetment is fixed to the side of the transition section furthest from the downstream apron. Both the transition section and the riverbank revetment extend from high to low along the outer direction towards the revetment. The cross-section is a right-angled triangle. The end of the riverbank protection is flush with the end of the seawall. The transition section has a deep toothed wall on the river side. The bottom of the deep toothed wall on the seawall side of the transition section also has a backfill area with large stones. The side of the deep toothed wall away from the seawall also has a backfill compaction area. The deep toothed wall on the transition section is perpendicular to the deep toothed wall at the end of the apron. The top and bottom elevations of the deep toothed wall on the transition section are the same as the top and bottom elevations of the deep toothed wall at the end of the apron. There is a toothed wall at the end of the seawall. The top elevation of the toothed wall at the end of the seawall is the same as that of the deep toothed wall at the end of the apron. The height of the toothed wall at the end of the seawall is 2m to 3m.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] The layout structure of the flood discharge and sludge flushing gate provided by this utility model, applicable to rivers with high sediment content, prevents the formation of deep scour pits by high-velocity water flow at the end of the apron and the riverbed, which would affect the stability and safety of the apron, downstream guide wall, and apron sidewalls. By setting a transition section on the riverbank side of the downstream apron section, and setting a deep toothed wall on the river side of the transition section, the apron sidewall and the downstream river slope are smoothly connected. This prevents the formation of deep scour pits by high-velocity water flow at the end of the apron downstream, which would affect the stability of the transition section. This solves the problems of the stilling basin being easily worn and damaged by eroded gravel in the existing energy dissipation method, the apron plus apron method being prone to the destruction of the apron and the formation of deep scour pits, which threaten the stability and safety of the structure, and the increased workload and difficulty of maintenance and management during the operation period. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate applicable to rivers with high sediment content.

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1Section I-I in the middle;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Section II-II in the middle;

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Section III-III in the middle;

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Section IV-IV in the middle;

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of V-V in the middle.

[0022] In the diagram, 1. Sand flushing gate, 2. Flood discharge gate, 3. Water intake gate, 301. Downstream channel of water intake gate, 4. Upstream paving of gate chamber, 5. Water constriction wall, 6. Gradual transition section connecting water constriction wall and gate chamber joint pier, 7. Downstream apron of flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber, 8. Downstream guide wall of flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber, 9. Gradual transition section connecting guide wall and gate chamber joint pier, 10. Joint pier between sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate, 11. Deep toothed wall at the end of apron, 12. Side wall of apron, 13. Water embankment, 14. Gradual transition section, 15. Deep toothed wall at the toe of the gradual transition section, 16. Riverbank protection, 17. Water-facing erosion-resistant and wear-resistant concrete layer, 18. Backfill area of ​​large stones in deep toothed wall, 19. Backfill compaction area, 20. Toothed wall at the end of water embankment. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] The layout structure of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate provided by this utility model is suitable for rivers with high sediment content, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2, which are arranged side by side. An upstream cover 4 is located upstream of both gates, with a water-binding wall structure on the upstream cover 4 between the sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2. A downstream apron structure is located downstream of both gates, with a guide wall structure corresponding to the water-binding wall structure on the downstream apron structure. A seawall structure is fixed to the end of the downstream apron structure, and a deep-toothed wall 11 is located between the downstream apron structure and the seawall structure. The system also includes a water intake gate 3, located on the side of the sand flushing gate 1 away from the water-binding wall structure, with the sand flushing gate 1 adjacent to the water intake gate 3. The sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2 are arranged across the river channel. The sand flushing gate 1 has several sand flushing holes, and the flood discharge gate 2 has several flood discharge holes. The width of the sand flushing gate 1 is smaller than the width of the flood discharge gate 2 for flexible operation. The bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1 is 0.5 m lower than the bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. The size and number of orifices of the flood discharge gate 2 are determined according to the flood discharge flow rate. The bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2 is the same as the average riverbed elevation during the dry season in the natural river channel. The sand flushing gate 1 is constructed of reinforced concrete. The bottom elevation of the area of ​​the upstream cover 4 of the gate chamber near the sand flushing gate 1 on one side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1. The bottom elevation of the area of ​​the upstream cover 4 of the gate chamber near the flood discharge gate 2 on the other side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. The water intake gate 3 is an open-type sluice gate. The bottom plate of the water intake gate 3 is a broad-crested weir type. The bottom elevation of the water intake gate 3 is 1m to 2m higher than the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1. The centerline of the water intake gate 3 forms a sluice with the direction of water flow. The angle is 105°~110°. The outlet end of the water intake gate 3 is connected to the downstream channel 301. The water intake gate 3 is made of reinforced concrete. The water-binding wall structure includes a water-binding wall 5. A sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2 are provided with a sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10. The water-binding wall 5 is located on the extension line of the center line of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10 to increase the flow velocity in the sand flushing channel to achieve the purpose of sand flushing. The water-binding wall 5 is connected to the upstream end of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10 through the transition section 6 connecting the water-binding wall and the gate chamber joint pier. The water-binding wall 5 is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross section. The water-binding wall 5 is a reinforced concrete water-binding wall structure. The top width of the water-binding wall 5 is 0.5m~1m. Figure 2 As shown, the downstream apron structure includes the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. Its main function is to stabilize the water flow discharged from the gate chamber and reduce the scouring of the apron 13 and the riverbed. The downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber has a slope of 1 / 10 to 1 / 20 along the water flow direction. The bottom elevation of the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is the same as that of the sand flushing gate 1. The thickness of the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 1m to 2m, and the length of the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 20m to 40m. The side of the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber near the sand flushing gate 1 is provided with a side wall 12. The top elevation of the side wall 12 is the same as that of the side pier of the sand flushing gate 1. Figure 3As shown, the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is formed by pouring an anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer 17 on the water-facing side and an ordinary reinforced concrete layer. The thickness of the anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer 17 on the water-facing side is 0.5m. The guide wall structure includes the downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber, which is used to concentrate the sand flushing water flow out of the gate, transport the sediment further, and avoid siltation near the hub. The downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is connected to the downstream end of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10 through the transition section 9 connecting the guide wall and the gate chamber joint pier. The downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross section. The downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is a reinforced concrete structure guide wall. The downstream end of the downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is flush with the end of the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The top width of the downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 0.5m~1m. The downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is made of reinforced concrete. Figure 4 As shown, the deep toothed wall 11 at the end of the apron is a concrete wall with a thickness of 0.5m to 1m and a depth of 5m to 15m. Its main function is to prevent the high-velocity water flow at the end of the apron from scouring the end of the apron 7 (watershed 13) and the riverbed, forming deep scour pits that could affect the stability and safety of the apron, downstream guide wall, and apron sidewalls. A backfill compaction zone 19 is provided on the water-facing side of the deep toothed wall 11 at the bottom of the apron 7 downstream of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate chamber. The backfill compaction zone 19 is filled and compacted with soil to prevent settlement of the apron, downstream guide wall, and apron sidewalls. Figure 5 As shown, on the backwater side of the deep toothed wall 11 at the end of the apron, a large stone backfill area 18 is provided at the bottom of the revetment structure. Large stones are dumped into the deep toothed wall large stone backfill area 18 to strengthen the erosion resistance of the revetment end revetment 13 and the riverbed, and to reduce the depth of the scour pit. The cross-section of the deep toothed wall large stone backfill area 18 and the backfill compaction area 19 is triangular. The revetment structure includes the revetment 13, which is constructed using gabion seawalls. The revetment 13 is 1m thick and 20m-50m long. The width of the revetment 13 is consistent with the width of the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The main function of the revetment 13 is... To stabilize the downstream flow of water and reduce scouring of the downstream riverbed, a deep-toothed wall with large-block backfill area 18 is located at the bottom of the revetment 13. A transition section 14 is located on the riverbank side of the revetment 13, primarily serving to smoothly connect the revetment sidewall and the downstream riverbank slope. The transition section 14 is 10m-30m long. The top elevation of the side of the transition section 14 closest to the downstream revetment 7 is the same as the top elevation of the revetment sidewall 12, while the top elevation of the side of the transition section 14 furthest from the downstream revetment 7 is lower than the top elevation of the revetment sidewall 12. The side of the transition section 14 furthest from the downstream revetment 7 is fixed to a riverbank revetment 16. Figure 6As shown, both the transition section 14 and the riverbank revetment 16 extend from high to low along the outer direction towards the seawall 13. The cross-section of the riverbank revetment 16 is a right-angled triangle, and the end of the riverbank revetment 16 is flush with the end of the seawall 13. The transition section 14 has a deep toothed wall 15 on the river side, the main function of which is to prevent the high-velocity water flow at the end of the revetment from forming a deep scour pit downstream, which would affect the stability of the transition section. The bottom of the deep toothed wall 15 on the side of the transition section near the seawall 13 also has a deep toothed wall large stone backfill area 18. The deep toothed wall 15 is far away from the seawall 13. 3. A backfill compaction zone 19 is also provided on one side. The transition section toe protection deep tooth wall 15 is perpendicular to the end of the sheath deep tooth wall 11. The top and bottom elevations of the transition section toe protection deep tooth wall 15 are the same as the top and bottom elevations of the end of the sheath deep tooth wall 11. The end of the seawall 13 is provided with a seawall end tooth wall 20. Its main function is to prevent the water flow from scouring the riverbed at the end of the seawall 13 and forming a scour pit, which would affect the stability and safety of the seawall 13 and the riverbank. The top elevation of the seawall end tooth wall 20 is the same as that of the end of the sheath deep tooth wall 11. The height of the seawall end tooth wall 20 is 2m~3m.

[0025] The arrangement structure of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gates provided by this utility model is applicable to rivers with high sediment content. Its working principle is as follows: When no flood disaster occurs, the flushing holes and flood discharge holes of the sediment flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2 are not fully open. Part of the water flow reaches the flood discharge gate 2 and flows out from it; part of the water flow reaches the sediment flushing gate 1, where sediment settles; part of the water flow flows out through the sediment flushing gate 1, and part of the water flow flows out through the water intake gate 3. When a flood disaster occurs, the flushing holes and flood discharge holes of the sediment flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2 are fully open. Part of the water flow reaches the flood discharge gate 2 and flows out from it; part of the water flow reaches the sediment flushing gate 1, where sediment settles and flows out with the water flow. At the downstream end of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate of the water diversion hub in the river with high sediment content, a deep toothed wall 11 is set at the end of the apron 7. Its main function is to prevent the high-velocity water flow at the end of the apron from scouring the apron end 13 and the riverbed, forming a deep scour pit, which would affect the stability and safety of the downstream apron 7, the downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate, and the apron side wall 12. The large stone backfill area 18 on the downstream side of the deep toothed wall 11 is filled with large stones to enhance the scour resistance of the apron end 13 and the riverbed and reduce the depth of the scour pit. A transition section 14 is set on the riverbank side of the downstream apron section, which mainly serves to smoothly connect the apron side wall 12 and the downstream riverbank 16. A deep toothed wall 15 is installed on the riverside of the transition section 14, with the same dimensions as the deep toothed wall 11 at the end of the apron. Its main function is to prevent the high-velocity water flow at the end of the apron from forming a deep scour pit downstream, which would affect the stability of the transition section. Large boulders are dumped into the triangular backfill area on the riverside of the transition section 14. This serves the same purpose as the large boulders backfill area 18 downstream of the deep toothed wall 11 at the end of the apron.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The proposed layout structure for flood discharge and sediment flushing gates in this embodiment is suitable for rivers with high sediment loads, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2, which are arranged side by side. An upstream cover 4 is provided on the upstream of the sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2. A water-binding wall structure is provided on the upstream cover 4 between the sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2. A downstream apron structure is provided on the downstream apron structure. A guide wall structure corresponding to the water-binding wall structure is provided on the downstream apron structure. A seawall structure is fixed to the end of the downstream apron structure. A deep toothed wall 11 is provided at the end of the apron structure between the downstream apron structure and the seawall structure. The system also includes a water intake gate 3, which is located on the side of the sand flushing gate 1 away from the water-binding wall structure.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] The proposed layout structure for flood discharge and sediment flushing gates in this embodiment is suitable for rivers with high sediment loads, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2, which are arranged side by side. An upstream cover 4 is located upstream of both gates, with a water-binding wall structure on the upstream cover 4 between the sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2. A downstream apron structure is located downstream of both gates, with a guide wall structure corresponding to the water-binding wall structure on the downstream apron structure. A seawall structure is fixed to the end of the downstream apron structure, and a deep toothed wall 11 is located between the downstream apron structure and the seawall structure. The system also includes a water intake gate 3, located on the side of the sand flushing gate 1 away from the water-binding wall structure. The sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2 are arranged across the river channel. The sand flushing gate 1 has several sand flushing holes, and the flood discharge gate 2 has several flood discharge holes. The width of the sand flushing gate 1 is smaller than the width of the flood discharge gate 2, and the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1 is 0.5 m lower than the bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. ~1m, the bottom elevation of the floodgate 2 is the same as the average riverbed elevation in the dry season of the natural river channel, the bottom elevation of the upstream cover 4 of the gate chamber near the sand flushing gate 1 on one side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1, and the bottom elevation of the upstream cover 4 of the gate chamber near the floodgate 2 on the other side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom elevation of the floodgate 2.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] The proposed layout structure for flood discharge and sediment flushing gates in this embodiment is suitable for rivers with high sediment loads, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2, which are arranged side by side. An upstream cover 4 is located upstream of both gates, with a water-binding wall structure on the upstream cover 4 between the sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2. A downstream apron structure is located downstream of both gates, with a guide wall structure corresponding to the water-binding wall structure on the downstream apron structure. A seawall structure is fixed to the end of the downstream apron structure, and a deep toothed wall 11 is located between the downstream apron structure and the seawall structure. The system also includes a water intake gate 3, located on the side of the sand flushing gate 1 away from the water-binding wall structure. The sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2 are arranged across the river channel. The sand flushing gate 1 has several sand flushing holes, and the flood discharge gate 2 has several flood discharge holes. The width of the sand flushing gate 1 is smaller than the width of the flood discharge gate 2, and the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1 is 0.5 m lower than the bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. ~1m, the bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2 is the same as the average riverbed elevation in the dry season of the natural river channel, the bottom elevation of the upstream cover 4 of the gate chamber near the sand flushing gate 1 on one side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1, the bottom elevation of the upstream cover 4 near the flood discharge gate 2 on the other side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2; the water intake gate 3 is an open sluice gate, the bottom elevation of the water intake gate 3 is 1m~2m higher than the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1, the angle formed by the center line of the water intake gate 3 and the direction of water flow is 105°~110°, and the outlet end of the water intake gate 3 is connected to the downstream channel 301 of the water intake gate.

[0032] Example 4

[0033] The proposed layout structure for flood discharge and sediment flushing gates in this embodiment is suitable for rivers with high sediment loads, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2, which are arranged side by side. An upstream cover 4 is located upstream of both gates, with a water-binding wall structure on the upstream cover 4 between the sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2. A downstream apron structure is located downstream of both gates, with a guide wall structure corresponding to the water-binding wall structure on the downstream apron structure. A seawall structure is fixed to the end of the downstream apron structure, and a deep toothed wall 11 is located between the downstream apron structure and the seawall structure. The system also includes a water intake gate 3, located on the side of the sand flushing gate 1 away from the water-binding wall structure. The sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2 are arranged across the river channel. The sand flushing gate 1 has several sand flushing holes, and the flood discharge gate 2 has several flood discharge holes. The width of the sand flushing gate 1 is smaller than the width of the flood discharge gate 2, and the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1 is 0.5 m lower than the bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. The elevation of the bottom plate of the flood discharge gate 2 is the same as the average riverbed elevation during the dry season in the natural river channel. The elevation of the bottom plate of the upstream cover 4 of the gate chamber near the sand flushing gate 1 on one side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom plate elevation of the sand flushing gate 1. The elevation of the bottom plate of the upstream cover 4 near the flood discharge gate 2 on the other side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom plate elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. The water intake gate 3 is an open sluice gate. The bottom elevation of the water intake gate 3 is 1m to 2m higher than the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1. The angle between the centerline of the water intake gate 3 and the direction of water flow is 105° to 11°. 0°, the outlet end of the water intake gate 3 is connected to the downstream channel 301 of the water intake gate; the water-binding wall structure includes a water-binding wall 5, and a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2 are provided with a sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10. The water-binding wall 5 is located on the extension line of the center line of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10. The water-binding wall 5 is connected to the upstream end of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10 through the water-binding wall and gate chamber joint pier transition section 6. The water-binding wall 5 is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross section. The water-binding wall 5 is a reinforced concrete water-binding wall. The top width of the water-binding wall 5 is 0.5m~1m.

[0034] Example 5

[0035] The proposed layout structure for flood discharge and sediment flushing gates in this embodiment is suitable for rivers with high sediment loads, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2, which are arranged side by side. An upstream cover 4 is located upstream of both gates, with a water-binding wall structure on the upstream cover 4 between the sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2. A downstream apron structure is located downstream of both gates, with a guide wall structure corresponding to the water-binding wall structure on the downstream apron structure. A seawall structure is fixed to the end of the downstream apron structure, and a deep toothed wall 11 is located between the downstream apron structure and the seawall structure. The system also includes a water intake gate 3, located on the side of the sand flushing gate 1 away from the water-binding wall structure. The sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2 are arranged across the river channel. The sand flushing gate 1 has several sand flushing holes, and the flood discharge gate 2 has several flood discharge holes. The width of the sand flushing gate 1 is smaller than the width of the flood discharge gate 2, and the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1 is 0.5 m lower than the bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. The elevation of the bottom plate of the flood discharge gate 2 is the same as the average riverbed elevation during the dry season in the natural river channel. The elevation of the bottom plate of the upstream cover 4 of the gate chamber near the sand flushing gate 1 on one side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom plate elevation of the sand flushing gate 1. The elevation of the bottom plate of the upstream cover 4 near the flood discharge gate 2 on the other side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom plate elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. The water intake gate 3 is an open sluice gate. The bottom elevation of the water intake gate 3 is 1m to 2m higher than the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1. The angle between the centerline of the water intake gate 3 and the direction of water flow is 105° to 110°. °, the outlet end of the water intake gate 3 is connected to the downstream channel 301 of the water intake gate; the water-binding wall structure includes a water-binding wall 5, and a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2 are provided with a sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10. The water-binding wall 5 is located on the extension line of the center line of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10. The water-binding wall 5 is connected to the upstream end of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10 through the transition section 6 connecting the water-binding wall and the gate chamber joint pier. The water-binding wall 5 is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross section. The water-binding wall 5 is a reinforced concrete structure water-binding wall, and the top width of the water-binding wall 5 is 0.5m~1m; Figure 2 As shown, the downstream apron structure includes a downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The downstream apron 7 has a slope of 1 / 10 to 1 / 20 along the water flow direction. The bottom elevation of the downstream apron 7 is the same as that of the sand flushing gate 1. The thickness of the downstream apron 7 is 1m to 2m, and its length is 20m to 40m. A sidewall 12 is provided on the side of the downstream apron 7 closest to the sand flushing gate 1. The top elevation of the sidewall 12 is the same as that of the side pier of the sand flushing gate 1. Figure 3 As shown, the downstream abutment 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is formed by pouring an anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer 17 on the water-facing side and an ordinary reinforced concrete layer. The thickness of the anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer 17 on the water-facing side is 0.5m.

[0036] Example 6

[0037] The proposed layout structure for flood discharge and sediment flushing gates in this embodiment is suitable for rivers with high sediment loads, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2, which are arranged side by side. An upstream cover 4 is located upstream of both gates, with a water-binding wall structure on the upstream cover 4 between the sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2. A downstream apron structure is located downstream of both gates, with a guide wall structure corresponding to the water-binding wall structure on the downstream apron structure. A seawall structure is fixed to the end of the downstream apron structure, and a deep toothed wall 11 is located between the downstream apron structure and the seawall structure. The system also includes a water intake gate 3, located on the side of the sand flushing gate 1 away from the water-binding wall structure. The sand flushing gate 1 and the flood discharge gate 2 are arranged across the river channel. The sand flushing gate 1 has several sand flushing holes, and the flood discharge gate 2 has several flood discharge holes. The width of the sand flushing gate 1 is smaller than the width of the flood discharge gate 2, and the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1 is 0.5 m lower than the bottom elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. The elevation of the bottom plate of the flood discharge gate 2 is the same as the average riverbed elevation during the dry season in the natural river channel. The elevation of the bottom plate of the upstream cover 4 of the gate chamber near the sand flushing gate 1 on one side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom plate elevation of the sand flushing gate 1. The elevation of the bottom plate of the upstream cover 4 near the flood discharge gate 2 on the other side of the guide wall structure is the same as the bottom plate elevation of the flood discharge gate 2. The water intake gate 3 is an open sluice gate. The bottom elevation of the water intake gate 3 is 1m to 2m higher than the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate 1. The angle between the centerline of the water intake gate 3 and the direction of water flow is 105° to 110°. °, the outlet end of the water intake gate 3 is connected to the downstream channel 301 of the water intake gate; the water-binding wall structure includes a water-binding wall 5, and a sand flushing gate 1 and a flood discharge gate 2 are provided with a sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10. The water-binding wall 5 is located on the extension line of the center line of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10. The water-binding wall 5 is connected to the upstream end of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10 through the transition section 6 connecting the water-binding wall and the gate chamber joint pier. The water-binding wall 5 is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross section. The water-binding wall 5 is a reinforced concrete structure water-binding wall, and the top width of the water-binding wall 5 is 0.5m~1m; Figure 2 As shown, the downstream apron structure includes a downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The downstream apron 7 has a slope of 1 / 10 to 1 / 20 along the water flow direction. The bottom elevation of the downstream apron 7 is the same as that of the sand flushing gate 1. The thickness of the downstream apron 7 is 1m to 2m, and its length is 20m to 40m. A sidewall 12 is provided on the side of the downstream apron 7 closest to the sand flushing gate 1. The top elevation of the sidewall 12 is the same as that of the side pier of the sand flushing gate 1. Figure 3As shown, the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is formed by pouring an anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer 17 on the water-facing side and an ordinary reinforced concrete layer. The thickness of the anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer 17 on the water-facing side is 0.5m. The guide wall structure includes the downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is connected to the downstream end of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier 10 through the guide wall and the gate chamber joint pier transition section 9. The downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross section. The downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is a reinforced concrete structure guide wall. The downstream end of the downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is flush with the end of the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The top width of the downstream guide wall 8 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 0.5m~1m. Figure 4 As shown, the deep toothed wall 11 at the end of the apron is a concrete wall with a thickness of 0.5m to 1m and a depth of 5m to 15m. A backfill compaction zone 19 is provided at the bottom of the apron 7 downstream of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate chamber on the water-facing side of the deep toothed wall 11. Figure 5 As shown, on the backwater side of the deep-toothed wall 11 at the end of the apron, there is a deep-toothed wall large-rock backfill area 18 at the bottom of the revetment structure. The deep-toothed wall large-rock backfill area 18 and the backfill compaction area 19 have a triangular cross section. The revetment structure includes a revetment 13, which is 1m thick and 20m-50m long. The width of the revetment 13 is the same as the width of the downstream apron 7 of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The deep-toothed wall large-rock backfill area 18 is located at the bottom of the revetment 13. A transition section 14 is provided on the riverbank side of the revetment 13. The length of the transition section 14 is 10m-30m. The top elevation of the side of the transition section 14 closest to the downstream apron 7 is the same as the top elevation of the apron sidewall 12. The top elevation of the side of the transition section 14 away from the downstream apron 7 is lower than the top elevation of the apron sidewall 12. The side of the transition section 14 away from the downstream apron 7 is fixed to a riverbank revetment 16. Figure 6 As shown, both the transition section 14 and the riverbank revetment 16 extend from high to low along the outer direction towards the seawall 13. The cross-section of the riverbank revetment 16 is a right-angled triangle. The end of the riverbank revetment 16 is flush with the end of the seawall 13. The transition section 14 has a deep toothed wall 15 on the river side. The bottom of the deep toothed wall 15 on the side near the seawall 13 also has a backfill area 18 with large stones. The side of the deep toothed wall 15 away from the seawall 13 also has a backfill compaction area 19. The deep toothed wall 15 on the transition section is perpendicular to the deep toothed wall 11 at the end of the apron. The top and bottom elevations of the deep toothed wall 15 on the transition section are the same as the top and bottom elevations of the deep toothed wall 11 at the end of the apron. The end of the seawall 13 has a seawall end toothed wall 20. The top elevation of the seawall end toothed wall 20 is the same as that of the deep toothed wall 11 at the end of the apron. The height of the seawall end toothed wall 20 is 2m to 3m.

Claims

1. The arrangement of structures suitable for flood discharge and sediment flushing sluices in a multi-sediment river, characterized in that, The system includes a sand flushing gate (1) and a flood discharge gate (2), which are arranged side by side. The sand flushing gate (1) and the flood discharge gate (2) are provided with an upstream cover (4) of the gate chamber upstream. A water-binding wall structure is provided on the upstream cover (4) of the gate chamber between the sand flushing gate (1) and the flood discharge gate (2). A downstream apron structure is provided downstream of the sand flushing gate (1) and the flood discharge gate (2). A guide wall structure corresponding to the water-binding wall structure is provided on the downstream apron structure. A seawall structure is fixed to the end of the downstream apron structure. A deep toothed wall (11) is provided between the downstream apron structure and the seawall structure. The system also includes a water intake gate (3), which is located on the side of the sand flushing gate (1) away from the water-binding wall structure.

2. The arrangement structure of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate applicable to rivers with high sediment content as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flushing gate (1) and the flood discharge gate (2) are arranged across the river channel. The flushing gate (1) is provided with several flushing holes, and the flood discharge gate (2) is provided with several flood discharge holes. The width of the flushing gate (1) is smaller than the width of the flood discharge gate (2). The bottom plate elevation of the flushing gate (1) is 0.5 m to 1 m lower than the bottom plate elevation of the flood discharge gate (2). The bottom plate elevation of the flood discharge gate (2) is the same as the average riverbed elevation in the dry season of the natural river channel. The bottom plate elevation of the upstream cover (4) of the gate chamber is the same as the bottom plate elevation of the flushing gate (1) on one side of the guide wall structure. The bottom plate elevation of the upstream cover (4) of the gate chamber is the same as the bottom plate elevation of the flushing gate (1) on the other side of the guide wall structure.

3. The arrangement structure of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate applicable to rivers with high sediment loads as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The water intake gate (3) is an open-type water gate. The bottom elevation of the water intake gate (3) is 1m to 2m higher than the bottom elevation of the sand flushing gate (1). The angle between the center line of the water intake gate (3) and the direction of water flow is 105° to 110°. The outlet end of the water intake gate (3) is connected to the downstream channel (301).

4. The arrangement structure of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate applicable to rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water-binding wall structure includes a water-binding wall (5). A sand flushing gate (1) and a flood discharge gate (2) are provided between the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate. The water-binding wall (5) is located on the extension line of the center line of the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate joint (10). The water-binding wall (5) is connected to the upstream end of the sand flushing gate and the flood discharge gate joint (10) through a transition section (6) connecting the water-binding wall and the gate chamber joint. The water-binding wall (5) is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross section. The water-binding wall (5) is a reinforced concrete water-binding wall. The top width of the water-binding wall (5) is 0.5m to 1m.

5. The arrangement structure of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate applicable to rivers with high sediment content according to claim 4, characterized in that, The downstream apron structure includes a downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber has a slope of 1 / 10 to 1 / 20 along the direction of water flow. The bottom elevation of the downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is the same as that of the sand flushing gate (1). The thickness of the downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 1m to 2m. The length of the downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 20m to 40m. The side wall (12) of the downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is provided on the side of the sand flushing gate (1). The top elevation of the side wall (12) is the same as that of the side pier of the sand flushing gate (1). The downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is formed by pouring an anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer (17) on the water-facing side and an ordinary reinforced concrete layer. The thickness of the anti-erosion and wear-resistant concrete layer (17) on the water-facing side is 0.5m.

6. The arrangement structure of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate applicable to rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diversion wall structure includes a downstream diversion wall (8) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The downstream diversion wall (8) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is connected to the downstream end of the sand flushing gate and flood discharge gate joint pier (10) through a transition section (9) connecting the diversion wall and the gate chamber joint pier. The downstream diversion wall (8) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is a columnar structure with a trapezoidal cross section. The downstream diversion wall (8) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is a reinforced concrete structure diversion wall. The downstream end of the downstream diversion wall (8) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is flush with the end of the downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. The top width of the downstream diversion wall (8) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber is 0.5m~1m.

7. The arrangement structure of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate for rivers with high sediment content as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The deep toothed wall (11) at the end of the apron is a concrete wall with a thickness of 0.5m to 1m and a depth of 5m to 15m. On the water-facing side of the deep toothed wall (11), a backfill compaction zone (19) is provided at the bottom of the downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber. On the water-repellent side of the deep toothed wall (11), a deep toothed wall large stone backfilling zone (18) is provided at the bottom of the seawall structure. The cross-section of the deep toothed wall large stone backfilling zone (18) and the backfill compaction zone (19) is triangular.

8. The arrangement structure of the flood discharge and sediment flushing gate for rivers with high sediment content as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The seawall structure includes a seawall (13), the seawall (13) is 1m thick, the seawall (13) is 20m~50m long, the width of the seawall (13) is the same as the width of the downstream apron (7) of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate chamber, the deep toothed wall large stone backfill area (18) is located at the bottom of the seawall (13), the seawall (13) has a transition section (14) on the riverbank side, the transition section (14) is 10m~30m long, the transition section (14) The top elevation of the side of the downstream abutment (7) is the same as the top elevation of the abutment sidewall (12). The top elevation of the side of the transition section (14) away from the downstream abutment (7) is lower than the top elevation of the abutment sidewall (12). The side of the transition section (14) away from the downstream abutment (7) is fixed with a riverbank revetment (16). Both the transition section (14) and the riverbank revetment (16) extend from high to low along the outer direction towards the sea (13). The riverbank revetment (16) has a right-angled triangular cross-section. The end of the riverbank revetment (16) is flush with the end of the seawall (13). The transition section (14) is provided with a transition section deep toothed wall (15) on the river side. The bottom of the transition section deep toothed wall (15) near the seawall (13) is also provided with a deep toothed wall large stone backfill area (18). The side of the transition section deep toothed wall (15) away from the seawall (13) is also provided with a backfill compaction area (19). The gradient section foot protection deep tooth wall (15) is perpendicular to the tank end deep tooth wall (11). The top and bottom elevations of the gradient section foot protection deep tooth wall (15) are the same as the top and bottom elevations of the tank end deep tooth wall (11). The end of the seawall (13) is provided with a seawall end tooth wall (20). The top elevation of the seawall end tooth wall (20) is the same as that of the tank end deep tooth wall (11). The height of the seawall end tooth wall (20) is 2m~3m.

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