Photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage technology. Specifically, it discloses a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching. The photovoltaic detection module, photovoltaic modules, and control module are electrically connected. The mains power grid, energy storage battery, and control module are bidirectionally connected. The load module is electrically connected to the control module. The energy storage load module is communicatively connected to the load module, energy storage battery, and control module. Each photovoltaic module is fixedly connected with a terminal block and a branch switch. The control module is communicatively connected to a current sensor and a voltage sensor. A temperature gradient sensor is communicatively connected to the controller. One end of the power sensor is communicatively connected to the energy storage battery, and the other end is communicatively connected to the controller. The controller is communicatively connected to a back-end computer. By setting different solar photovoltaic panels and photovoltaic detection modules, the teaching quality can be improved by comparing the impact of different factors on power generation. By setting charge and discharge switches and grid-connected and off-grid switches, practical training can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage technology, specifically a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching purposes. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the rapid development of new energy technologies, current teaching methods in higher education institutions for courses related to photovoltaic power generation technology, intelligent control, and new energy applications are mostly based on a teaching model that combines theory with simulation. This approach has certain drawbacks, as it prevents students from engaging in practical operations, significantly reducing the quality of teaching. Existing simulation teaching equipment is mainly single-function devices and lacks interfaces for comparative experiments on multi-system integrated training platforms. This prevents comparative experiments from being conducted in actual operation, making it difficult for students to truly experience the overall process of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage. This hinders students' in-depth understanding and skill mastery of the principles and system structure of photovoltaic power generation technology. Therefore, it is necessary to design a teaching platform that can visualize teaching and simulate the real power generation process and actual operation. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the above technical problems, this utility model provides a teaching platform that enables visualization of teaching and can simulate the real power generation process and actual operation, thereby solving the problem that existing training platform equipment has limited functions and cannot fully reflect the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage process and conduct comparative practical operations.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching, comprising photovoltaic modules, a control module, a load module, an energy storage battery, a photovoltaic detection module, an energy storage load detection module, and a mains power grid. The photovoltaic detection module and photovoltaic modules are electrically connected to the control module. The mains power grid, energy storage battery, and control module are bidirectionally communicatively connected. The load module is electrically connected to the control module. The energy storage load detection module is communicatively connected to the load module, energy storage battery, and control module. The photovoltaic modules include several different types of photovoltaic modules, and the photovoltaic modules are detachably connected to a fixed support and a rotating... On the moving support, each photovoltaic module is fixedly connected to a terminal block and a branch switch. The photovoltaic detection module includes an irradiance sensor and a light intensity sensor. The control module includes a controller, a combiner box, an inverter, and a transformer. The control module is communicatively connected to a current sensor and a voltage sensor. The load module includes an electric heater, a fan, and a light bulb. The energy storage load detection module includes a temperature gradient sensor and a power sensor. The temperature gradient sensor is communicatively connected to the controller. One end of the power sensor is communicatively connected to the energy storage battery, and the other end is communicatively connected to the controller. The controller is communicatively connected to a backend computer.

[0005] Furthermore, the photovoltaic modules are electrically connected to the branch switch via the wiring terminals, and the photovoltaic modules are electrically connected to the combiner box. The irradiance sensor and the light intensity sensor are installed on the photovoltaic modules.

[0006] The irradiance sensor is used to detect the irradiance received by the photovoltaic module and transmit the monitoring data to the controller; the light intensity sensor is able to detect the light intensity received by the photovoltaic module and transmit the data to the controller.

[0007] Furthermore, the combiner box, inverter, and transformer are electrically connected in sequence and each is equipped with a switch. The combiner box, inverter, transformer, and controller are connected in a two-way communication manner.

[0008] The combiner box collects the DC power generated by each photovoltaic module and transmits it to the inverter. The inverter converts the DC power into AC power, and the transformer boosts the AC power to the grid voltage and transmits it to the grid.

[0009] Furthermore, the control module is electrically connected to the mains power grid via an electricity meter, and the mains power grid is equipped with grid-connected and off-grid switches.

[0010] Furthermore, the energy storage battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, and a charge / discharge switch is provided between the lithium iron phosphate battery and the controller. The lithium iron phosphate battery is electrically connected to the power sensor, and the power sensor is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0011] The power sensor is used to detect the power level of the lithium iron phosphate battery and transmit the data to the controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the load module consists of an AC load and a DC load, and is connected to the DC-DC and DC-AC conversion circuits in the circuit; the control module is used to monitor the load status and control the switching of the conversion circuits to provide adaptive power to both the AC load and the DC load simultaneously.

[0013] Furthermore, an optocoupler isolator group is installed between the load module and the controller.

[0014] The temperature gradient sensor is used to detect the temperature near the load module and transmit it to the controller.

[0015] This utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0016] 1. This utility model enables comparative teaching of photovoltaic panels by configuring different types of solar photovoltaic panels, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different types of photovoltaic modules; by testing the IV characteristic curves of different photovoltaic modules through a photovoltaic module power generation efficiency testing platform, it is possible to compare the differences in power generation efficiency between photovoltaic modules; by setting wiring terminals and branch switches, it is possible to facilitate teaching wiring and comparative teaching, thereby improving teaching efficiency; by setting switches on combiner boxes, inverters, and transformers, it is possible to control electrical components, facilitate teaching demonstrations and power outages, and improve teaching safety; by setting grid-connected and off-grid switches, it is possible to realize power generation and grid connection teaching through hands-on experience of switching.

[0017] 2. This utility model, by setting up a charge / discharge switch and a lithium iron phosphate battery, can realize the demonstration and teaching of the energy storage process, thus improving the teaching effect. By setting up an irradiance sensor and a light intensity sensor, it can realize comparative teaching by comparing the impact of different environmental factors on power generation, thereby improving the teaching quality.

[0018] 3. This utility model achieves compatible power supply for different types of AC and DC loads by configuring diverse AC and DC loads and designing DC-DC and DC-AC conversion switching circuits, and by using a control module to monitor the load operating status in real time and dynamically switch the appropriate AC and DC load power supply circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall module layout of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a classification diagram of the photovoltaic modules of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a classification diagram of the load modules of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the AC / DC load switching circuit of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the central control module.

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the medium load module. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 7The illustrated photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching purposes includes photovoltaic modules, a control module, a load module, an energy storage battery, a photovoltaic detection module, an energy storage load detection module, and a mains power grid. The photovoltaic detection module is electrically connected to the control module via an RS485 bus. The photovoltaic modules are also electrically connected to the control module, transmitting DC power to it. The mains power grid, the energy storage battery, and the control module have bidirectional communication connections. The control module controls grid connection via a grid-connected / off-grid switch, allowing the grid to also supply power to the platform. The energy storage battery stores energy with the control module via a charge / discharge switch. The load module is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module supplies power to the load module via a switch. The energy storage load detection module is connected to the load module... The energy storage battery and control module are connected for communication. The energy storage load detection module detects the energy storage battery and load module and transmits the detected data to the control module. The photovoltaic modules include several monocrystalline and polycrystalline photovoltaic panels. To facilitate comparative teaching, multiple sets of monocrystalline and polycrystalline photovoltaic panels are set up, comparing different quantities of the same type of photovoltaic panels and the same quantity of different types of photovoltaic panels. To demonstrate the difference in the sun-facing surface, the photovoltaic modules are detachably connected to fixed and rotating brackets. A comparison is made between fixed photovoltaic clips and photovoltaic brackets that can rotate with the sun. To enable students to practice, the photovoltaic panels are visually demonstrated. The different number of photovoltaic modules connected in series results in different power generation efficiencies. Each photovoltaic module is fixedly connected with terminals and branch switches, allowing trainees to wire the photovoltaic panels themselves, improving teaching quality. The photovoltaic detection module includes irradiance sensors and light intensity sensors, which visually represent the power generation under different environments by detecting photovoltaic power generation data. The control module includes a controller, combiner box, inverter, and transformer. The photovoltaic panels transmit DC power to the combiner box, which transmits the power to the inverter via the DC bus. The inverter converts the DC power to AC power and transmits it to the transformer. After being stepped up by the transformer, the power is transmitted to the mains power grid via a meter. To enable real-time monitoring of the platform's transmission... The voltage and current at various points in the process are monitored by current and voltage sensors connected to the control module. To provide a clear understanding of how the generated electricity is used, the load module includes AC / DC loads such as electric heaters, fans, and light bulbs. The AC / DC load power supply configuration is switched via a DC-DC / DC-AC switching circuit. The energy storage load detection module includes a temperature gradient sensor and a power sensor. The temperature gradient sensor detects the ambient temperature near the load module, while the power sensor monitors the energy storage battery's charge level in real time. The temperature gradient sensor communicates with the controller, and one end of the power sensor communicates with the energy storage battery while the other end communicates with the controller. The controller communicates with the backend computer.

[0028] To facilitate practical wiring between each photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic modules are electrically connected to the branch switch via wiring terminals, and the photovoltaic modules are electrically connected to the combiner box. Irradiance sensors and light intensity sensors are installed on the photovoltaic modules.

[0029] Irradiance sensors are used to detect the irradiance received by photovoltaic modules and transmit the monitoring data to the controller; light intensity sensors can detect the light intensity received by photovoltaic modules and transmit the data to the controller.

[0030] To facilitate the control of each instrument, the combiner box, inverter, and transformer are electrically connected in sequence and each is equipped with a switch. There is a two-way communication connection between the combiner box, inverter, transformer, and controller.

[0031] The combiner box collects the DC power generated by each photovoltaic module and transmits it to the inverter. The inverter converts the DC power into AC power, and the transformer steps up the AC power to the grid voltage and transmits it to the grid.

[0032] In order to simulate real-world internet access and disconnection, the control module is electrically connected to the mains power grid via an electricity meter. The mains power grid is equipped with grid-connected and off-grid switches.

[0033] To improve energy storage efficiency, the energy storage battery is designed as a lithium iron phosphate battery. To facilitate the experience of energy storage charging and discharging functions and improve teaching quality, a charging and discharging switch is set between the lithium iron phosphate battery and the controller. The lithium iron phosphate battery is electrically connected to the power sensor, and the power sensor is communicatively connected to the controller. The power of the lithium iron phosphate battery is transmitted to the controller through the power sensor.

[0034] The power sensor is used to detect the power level of the lithium iron phosphate battery and transmit the data to the controller.

[0035] To accommodate different AC and DC loads, the system incorporates DC-DC and DC-AC circuits. A controller detects the load type, and different circuits are used to control DC and AC loads, thereby changing the type of circuit power supplied.

[0036] In order to protect the electrical components in the load module, an optocoupler isolator group is installed between the load module and the controller. The optocoupler isolator group can protect the circuit.

[0037] Temperature gradient sensors are used to detect the temperature near the load module and transmit it to the controller.

[0038] The specific working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0039] Identical solar photovoltaic (PV) panels are connected in series to form a group, while different PV panels form different branch currents. The PV modules and combiner boxes are connected via adapters. Comparative studies are conducted by replacing different PV panels. The different branch currents converge through the combiner box, which reduces the DC current to AC current before sending it to the transformer. The transformer then sends the power to the mains grid via a meter. Grid-connected and off-grid switches are installed on the mains grid bus. Switching these switches enables grid connection of PV power generation. The demonstration of the switching operation is shown. For easy control of each component, switches are installed on the combiner box, inverter, and transformer, and they are bidirectionally connected to the main controller. The controller manages the charging and discharging of the energy storage battery, demonstrating the energy storage process through a charge / discharge switch. Part of the generated electricity is sent to the mains power grid via a transformer, and the other part is sent to the load. By detecting the load type, the controller determines the AC / DC load connection status. The controller then controls the AC / DC power supply circuit, demonstrating the process of photovoltaic power generation supplying power to different AC / DC loads. A temperature gradient sensor detects the ambient temperature and feeds it back to the controller, allowing it to sense the ambient temperature and control the electric heater's on / off state. Irradiance and light intensity sensors detect the daily sunlight information, enabling comparative teaching by comparing different daily sunlight conditions and understanding the impact of varying lighting environments on photovoltaic power generation. Teaching photovoltaic power generation and energy storage in this way allows for clear and concise on-site demonstrations, significantly improving teaching quality.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching, comprising a photovoltaic assembly, a control module, a load module, an energy storage battery, a photovoltaic detection module, an energy storage load detection module, and a commercial power grid, characterized in that: The photovoltaic detection module, photovoltaic modules, and control module are electrically connected. The mains power grid, energy storage battery, and control module are bidirectionally connected. The load module is electrically connected to the control module. The energy storage load detection module is communicatively connected to the load module, energy storage battery, and control module. The photovoltaic modules include several different types of photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic modules are detachably connected to a fixed bracket and a rotating bracket. Each photovoltaic module is fixedly connected to a terminal block and a branch switch. The photovoltaic detection module includes an irradiance sensor and a light intensity sensor. The control module includes a controller, a combiner box, an inverter, and a transformer. The control module is communicatively connected to a current sensor and a voltage sensor. The load module includes an electric heater, a fan, and a light bulb. The energy storage load detection module includes a temperature gradient sensor and a power sensor. The temperature gradient sensor is communicatively connected to the controller. One end of the power sensor is communicatively connected to the energy storage battery, and the other end is communicatively connected to the controller. The controller is communicatively connected to a backend computer.

2. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic modules are electrically connected to the branch switch via the wiring terminals, and the photovoltaic modules are electrically connected to the combiner box. The irradiance sensor and the light intensity sensor are installed on the photovoltaic modules. The irradiance sensor is used to detect the irradiance received by the photovoltaic module and transmit the monitoring data to the controller; the light intensity sensor is able to detect the light intensity received by the photovoltaic module and transmit the data to the controller. 3.The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching of claim 1, characterized in that: The combiner box, inverter, and transformer are electrically connected in sequence and each is equipped with a switch. The combiner box, inverter, transformer, and controller have a bidirectional communication connection. The combiner box collects the DC power generated by each photovoltaic module and transmits it to the inverter. The inverter converts the DC power into AC power, and the transformer boosts the AC power to the grid voltage and transmits it to the grid.

4. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching purposes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module is electrically connected to the mains power grid via an electricity meter, and the mains power grid is equipped with grid-connected and off-grid switches.

5. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery. A charge / discharge switch is provided between the lithium iron phosphate battery and the controller. The lithium iron phosphate battery is electrically connected to a power sensor, and the power sensor is communicatively connected to the controller. The power sensor is used to detect the power level of the lithium iron phosphate battery and transmit the data to the controller.

6. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that The circuit uses a DC-DC and DC-AC bidirectional conversion circuit, which can simultaneously provide adapted power to AC and DC loads.

7. The photovoltaic power generation and energy storage platform for teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: An optocoupler isolator group is installed between the load module and the controller; The temperature gradient sensor is used to detect the temperature near the load module and transmit it to the controller.

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