A coal mine ventilation device
The coal mine ventilation device, which utilizes high-pressure jets and the Venturi tube effect, solves the problem of ventilation dead zones in blind alleys and chambers, achieving safe and low-energy ventilation while avoiding the risk of explosion caused by rotating mechanical parts.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YANKUANG ENERGY GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are ineffective in ventilation of blind alleys and chambers in coal mines, leading to the accumulation of harmful gases. Furthermore, rotating mechanical parts are prone to explosion, resulting in high energy consumption and maintenance costs.
High-pressure jets generate negative pressure, and the Venturi effect is used to actively draw in polluted air. The nozzles convert high-pressure air into high-speed jets to form a negative pressure zone at the throat. Combined with multiple ducts, harmful substances are drawn in from different angles, avoiding mechanical rotating parts and reducing energy consumption.
It effectively eliminates the risk of explosion, improves ventilation efficiency, reduces energy consumption, ensures air circulation in the mine, and enhances safety and the reliability of the ventilation system.
Smart Images
Figure CN224469169U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mine ventilation technology, and in particular to a coal mine ventilation device. Background Technology
[0002] Mine ventilation is a core element in ensuring underground operational safety. Its core objective is to continuously supply fresh air, dilute and remove harmful substances such as methane and dust, and prevent accidents such as explosions and suffocation. However, in special areas such as blind alleys and chambers, due to complex roadway structures and insufficient coverage of return airways, ventilation systems struggle to achieve effective airflow circulation. Existing technologies primarily address ventilation issues through the following methods: 1. Relying on mechanical rotation to generate negative pressure and draw in polluted air. However, rotating components are prone to generating mechanical sparks, which could directly trigger an explosion in environments with excessive methane concentrations. Furthermore, it requires an additional power source, resulting in high energy consumption and maintenance costs. 2. Delivering fresh air to blind alleys by laying long-distance ventilation ducts. However, due to the complex terrain of the mine, the air pressure at the end of the ventilation ducts is insufficient, making it difficult to completely remove polluted air from dead zones. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coal mine ventilation device that generates negative pressure through high-pressure jets to actively draw out polluted air from blind alleys. It eliminates the risk of explosion by eliminating the need for mechanical rotating parts, while improving ventilation efficiency and reducing energy consumption.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a coal mine ventilation device, comprising an air inlet and an air outlet arranged front and rear, with a distribution pipe connecting the air inlet and the air outlet; the air inlet is connected to the underground compressed air system of the coal mine through a pipe to provide high-pressure air; the air outlet is connected to the return airway through a pipe to discharge mixed gas; the distribution pipe includes an intake chamber, a throat, and a diffusion chamber; the intake chamber, throat, and diffusion chamber form a Venturi tube effect; a nozzle is provided at the inlet of the intake chamber, extending rearward from the inlet of the intake chamber and jetting directly towards the throat; the diameter of the throat is smaller than the diameter of the intake chamber; the diffusion chamber includes a gradually expanding section and an outlet section arranged sequentially from front to back; the cross-sectional area of the gradually expanding section increases along the flow direction and extends to the outlet section; an air intake is provided at the top of the intake chamber; the air intake connects the outside to the intake chamber.
[0005] With the above structure, high-pressure air is obtained by connecting to the underground compressed air system of the coal mine through the air inlet, and the mixed gas is discharged by connecting to the return airway through the air outlet, thus realizing the basic function of mine ventilation. The air distribution duct adopts the Venturi effect, using nozzles to convert high-pressure air into high-speed jets, forming a negative pressure zone at the throat. Outside air is drawn in through the air inlet, so that the high-pressure air mixes with the outside air. The gradually expanding section of the diffuser converts the kinetic energy of the mixed gas into pressure energy, effectively improving the ventilation effect, ensuring air circulation in the mine, reducing the concentration of harmful gases such as methane, and improving the safety of mine operations.
[0006] Preferably, the nozzle has a conical structure. This allows for better conversion of high-pressure air into a high-speed jet, making the airflow more concentrated and enhancing the effect of creating a negative pressure zone at the throat. This, in turn, more effectively draws in outside air, improves the ventilation device's air intake capacity and mixing efficiency, and further enhances the ventilation effect.
[0007] Preferably, multiple branch ducts are connected in parallel between the air inlet and outlet. These parallel branch ducts can draw in harmful substances such as methane from the mine from different angles, expanding the ventilation range, more comprehensively improving air quality in the mine, and reducing the risk of accidents. Simultaneously, when one or more branch ducts malfunction (such as blockage or damage), the other branch ducts can still operate normally, continuing to provide ventilation to the corresponding area, ensuring the reliability and stability of the ventilation system, and reducing the risk of safety accidents caused by ventilation interruptions.
[0008] Preferably, multiple air distribution ducts are arranged in a circular structure, evenly distributed around the air inlet and outlet. This circular structure and even distribution ensures a uniform and stable airflow into each duct, resulting in a more balanced ventilation effect across the mine. This prevents localized insufficient or excessive ventilation, further improving the overall performance of the ventilation system and the safety of the mine's working environment.
[0009] Preferably, the outer sides of the multiple air distribution ducts are covered with protective sleeves. Covering the outer sides of the multiple air distribution ducts with protective sleeves can effectively protect the air distribution ducts, prevent them from being hit or damaged by external objects, extend the service life of the air distribution ducts, reduce ventilation system failures caused by air distribution duct damage, ensure the normal operation of ventilation devices, and improve the safety and reliability of mine ventilation.
[0010] Preferably, a constriction surface is provided at the front end of the throat on the intake chamber. The constriction surface has a conical structure, and its cross-sectional area decreases along the flow direction. Providing a conical constriction surface at the front end of the throat in the intake chamber, with a decreasing cross-sectional area along the flow direction, optimizes airflow transition, allowing airflow to enter the throat more smoothly, reducing energy loss during airflow entry into the throat, further improving the suction effect of the negative pressure zone at the throat, enhancing the ventilation device's air suction capacity, and improving ventilation efficiency.
[0011] Preferably, an air intake is provided with an air intake pipe that extends at an angle towards the air inlet. This angled air intake pipe prevents external water, debris, and other contaminants from directly entering the air intake, thus preventing blockage and ensuring the ventilation system can properly draw in outside air. This maintains the stable operation of the ventilation system and improves the reliability and lifespan of the ventilation device.
[0012] Preferably, a filter screen is detachably installed at the inlet of the intake pipe. This detachable filter screen effectively prevents debris from entering the ventilation system, avoiding blockages that could hinder ventilation. Furthermore, the detachable design allows for regular cleaning, ensuring the filter's effectiveness, preventing clogging and ensuring continuous and stable operation of the ventilation system, thus improving the quality and safety of mine ventilation.
[0013] Preferably, the air inlet head includes an air inlet hood connected to the underground compressed air system of the coal mine and a diffuser hood with a diameter larger than the air inlet hood; the air inlet hood and the diffuser hood are connected by a conical transition surface; a diffuser plate is provided at the outlet position of the diffuser hood, and airflow holes are opened on the diffuser plate corresponding to the air distribution pipe, with the air distribution pipe installed on the airflow holes. The air inlet head adopts an air inlet hood and a larger diameter diffuser hood structure, connected by a conical transition surface, which allows the high-pressure air from the underground compressed air system of the coal mine to be buffered and diffused after entering the diffuser hood, reducing airflow velocity, reducing energy loss, and making the airflow more evenly distributed. The airflow holes on the diffuser plate and the installation of the air distribution pipe ensure that the high-pressure air accurately and stably enters the air distribution pipe, improving the air intake efficiency and stability of the ventilation device, and further enhancing the performance of the entire mine ventilation system.
[0014] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0015] This utility model provides a coal mine ventilation device that solves the technical problem of poor ventilation in special areas such as blind alleys and chambers in coal mines, which leads to the accumulation of toxic gases. This utility model generates negative pressure through high-pressure jets to actively suck up polluted air in blind alleys without the need for mechanical rotating parts, thus fundamentally eliminating the risk of explosion, while improving ventilation efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal mine ventilation device according to the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view;
[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 View from AA direction;
[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 DD view.
[0020] In the diagram, 1 is the air inlet, 11 is the air inlet hood, 12 is the diffuser, 2 is the air outlet, 3 is the air distribution duct, 31 is the intake chamber, 311 is the air inlet, 32 is the throat, 33 is the diffuser chamber, 331 is the gradual expansion section, 332 is the outlet section, 34 is the nozzle, 35 is the filter screen, 36 is the air intake pipe, and 4 is the protective cylinder. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022] The orientations mentioned in this specification are based on the orientation of the coal mine ventilation device of this utility model during normal operation, and do not limit the orientation during storage and transportation. They only represent relative positional relationships and do not represent absolute positional relationships.
[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a coal mine ventilation device includes an air inlet 1 and an air outlet 2 arranged front and rear, with a branch pipe 3 connecting the air inlet 1 and the air outlet 2. Preferably, multiple branch pipes 3 are connected in parallel between the air inlet 1 and the air outlet 2. In this embodiment, five are connected in parallel, but in practical applications, three or four can be designed as needed. The suction pipes 36 of the multiple branch pipes 3 have different directions, thus allowing them to draw in harmful substances such as methane from different angles, reducing the risk of accidents. In the case of a single branch pipe 3, if the branch pipe 3 fails (such as being blocked or damaged), the ventilation of the entire ventilation system in that area will be interrupted, seriously affecting mine safety. However, with multiple branch pipes 3, even if one or more branch pipes 3 fail, the other branch pipes 3 can still work normally and continue to provide ventilation to the corresponding area, ensuring the reliability and stability of the ventilation system and reducing the risk of safety accidents caused by ventilation interruptions.
[0024] Air inlet 1 is connected to the underground compressed air system of the coal mine via a pipeline to provide a high-pressure air source; air outlet 2 is connected to the return airway via a pipeline to discharge the mixed gas. Air inlet 1 includes an air inlet hood 11 connected to the underground compressed air system of the coal mine and a diffuser hood 12 with a diameter larger than that of the air inlet hood 11; the air inlet hood 11 and the diffuser hood 12 are connected by a conical transition surface. An air inlet is provided on the air inlet hood 11, which is connected to the underground compressed air system of the coal mine. A diffuser plate is provided at the outlet of the diffuser hood 12, which closes the outlet of the diffuser hood 12. Airflow holes are opened on the diffuser plate corresponding to the air distribution pipe 3, and the air distribution pipe 3 is installed on the airflow holes. The high-pressure air source enters the air inlet hood 11 from the air inlet, then enters the diffuser hood 12, and finally enters the air distribution pipe 3 through the airflow holes.
[0025] The air duct 3 connects the inlet 1 and the outlet 2, forming a Venturi effect. It includes an intake chamber 31, a throat 32, and a diffuser chamber 33. A nozzle 34, with a conical structure, is located at the inlet of the intake chamber 31, extending rearwards and directly facing the jet from the throat 32, converting high-pressure air into a high-speed jet. The diameter of the throat 32 is smaller than that of the intake chamber 31, creating a negative pressure zone where the high-speed jet draws in outside air. A conical contraction surface is located at the front end of the throat 32 in the intake chamber 31, with a cross-sectional area decreasing along the flow direction to optimize airflow transition.
[0026] The diffusion chamber 33 includes a gradually expanding section 331 and an outlet section 332 arranged sequentially from front to back. The cross-sectional area of the gradually expanding section 331 increases along the flow direction and extends to the outlet section 332. The increasing cross-sectional area converts the kinetic energy of the mixed gas into pressure energy. An air intake 311 is provided at the top of the intake chamber 31, connecting the outside to the intake chamber 31. An air intake pipe 36 is provided on the air intake 311, extending obliquely towards the air inlet head 1. In this embodiment, the angle of inclination of the air intake pipe 36 to the horizontal plane is 45°, but in practical applications, this angle can be finely adjusted within the range of 30°-60°. The oblique air intake pipe 36 causes the intake airflow to converge at an acute angle with the jet from the nozzle 34, enhancing the shear mixing effect. A filter screen 35 is detachably installed at the inlet of the intake pipe 36 to prevent debris from entering. The filter screen 35 is fixedly installed at the inlet of the intake pipe 36 by plastic clips. The filter diameter of the filter screen 35 is reasonably set so as not to hinder normal air intake while preventing large particles from entering and causing blockage. The filter screen 35 needs to be disassembled and cleaned regularly to avoid clogging. The outlet section 332 is connected to the air outlet 2 to discharge the mixed gas to the return air passage.
[0027] In order to optimize the Venturi effect, the structure of each part of the air distribution duct 3 is optimized and limited.
[0028] The ratio of the diameter of the throat 32 to the inlet diameter of the suction chamber 31 is 1:3-1:2. A ratio that is too small (e.g., <0.3) will result in excessive pressure loss, affecting jet efficiency; a ratio that is too large (e.g., >0.5) will result in insufficient negative pressure effect and reduced suction capacity. The expansion angle of the diffuser section 331 is 5°-10°, preferably 8°. An angle that is too small (<5°) will result in an excessively long diffuser chamber, increasing the equipment volume; an angle that is too large (>12°) will easily cause airflow separation, generating vortices and leading to energy loss. The distance between the nozzle 34 outlet and the throat 32 inlet is 1-2 times the throat 32 diameter. A distance that is too short will result in insufficient jet development and unstable negative pressure; a distance that is too long will cause jet diffusion and increased energy loss. The contraction surface cone angle is 20°-30° (corresponding to a linear decrease in cross-sectional area). This range can balance the risks of airflow acceleration and flow separation, ensuring a smooth transition to the throat 32.
[0029] Preferably, multiple air distribution ducts 3 are arranged in a circular structure, and are evenly distributed around the air inlet 1 and air outlet 2. This design ensures that the air volume entering each air distribution duct 3 is uniform and stable.
[0030] Furthermore, the outer sides of the multiple air distribution ducts 3 are covered with protective sleeves 4. The protective sleeves 4 effectively protect the air distribution ducts 3.
[0031] A coal mine ventilation device is made entirely of plastic materials to prevent sparks from being generated due to static electricity.
[0032] like Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, the working process of the coal mine ventilation device of this utility model is as follows:
[0033] The high-pressure air provided by the compressed air system enters the nozzle 34 through the air inlet 1, forming a high-speed jet. The jet's pressure decreases due to the sudden increase in velocity at the throat 32, forming a negative pressure zone. Outside air is drawn into the suction chamber 31 through the air inlet 311. The high-speed jet mixes with the drawn-in air in the throat, and momentum transfer causes their velocities to become consistent. After the mixed gas enters the diffusion chamber 33, the velocity decreases and the pressure increases, and it is finally discharged to the return airway through the air outlet 2.
[0034] The negative pressure suction is achieved through the Venturi effect, which actively eliminates ventilation dead zones in blind alleys, chambers and other areas, and improves ventilation coverage. With no mechanical rotating parts, it avoids the risk of gas explosion caused by sparks from traditional fans, and is suitable for high-gas mines.
[0035] Utilizing the existing high-pressure air source of the compressed air system, no additional power equipment is required, reducing ventilation costs; it is adaptable to the harsh environment of mines and has low maintenance costs.
[0036] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model should also fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A coal mine mine ventilation device, characterised in that: It includes air inlets and air outlets arranged at the front and rear, and a duct is connected between the air inlets and air outlets; The air inlet is connected to the underground compressed air system of the coal mine through a pipe to provide high-pressure air; the air outlet is connected to the return airway through a pipe to discharge the mixed gas. The air distribution duct includes an intake chamber, a throat, and a diffuser chamber; the intake chamber, throat, and diffuser chamber form a Venturi effect; a nozzle is provided at the inlet of the intake chamber, extending rearward from the inlet and directly facing the throat; the diameter of the throat is smaller than the diameter of the intake chamber; the diffuser chamber includes a gradually expanding section and an outlet section arranged sequentially from front to back; the cross-sectional area of the gradually expanding section increases along the flow direction and extends to the outlet section; An air inlet is provided at the top of the inhalation chamber; the air inlet connects the outside to the inhalation chamber.
2. A mine ventilation device for a coal mine according to claim 1, characterised in that: The nozzle has a conical structure.
3. A mine ventilation device for a coal mine according to claim 1, characterised in that: Multiple air distribution pipes are connected in parallel between the air inlet and the air outlet.
4. A mine ventilation device for a coal mine according to claim 3, characterised in that: The multiple air ducts form a circular structure and are evenly distributed around the air inlet and outlet.
5. A mine ventilation device for a coal mine according to claim 2, characterised in that: The outer sides of the multiple air distribution ducts are covered with protective sleeves.
6. A mine ventilation device for a coal mine according to claim 1, characterised in that: A constriction surface is provided on the inhalation chamber at the front end of the throat. The constriction surface has a conical structure and its cross-sectional area decreases along the flow direction.
7. A mine ventilation device for a coal mine according to claim 1, characterised in that: An air intake is provided on the air inlet, and the air intake extends at an angle toward the air inlet.
8. A mine ventilation device for a coal mine according to claim 7, characterised in that: A filter screen can be detachably installed on the inlet of the air intake pipe.
9. A mine ventilation device for a coal mine according to claim 1, characterised in that: The air inlet head includes an air inlet hood connected to the underground compressed air system of the coal mine and a diffuser hood with a diameter larger than the air inlet hood; the air inlet hood and the diffuser hood are connected by a conical transition surface; a diffuser plate is provided at the outlet position of the diffuser hood, and an airflow hole is opened on the diffuser plate corresponding to the air distribution pipe, and the air distribution pipe is installed on the airflow hole.