Supporting unloading device

Abstract

The application provides a supporting unloading device, and relates to building construction; wherein the supporting unloading device comprises a cylinder base, an operating part, a transmission mechanism, a pressure sensor and a supporting table; the cylinder base comprises a base body and a cylinder body, the base body is arranged at one end of the cylinder body, the operating part is arranged on the cylinder body, one end of the operating part penetrates through the cylinder body and extends into the cylinder body, the transmission mechanism is arranged in the cylinder body, the input end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the operating part, the pressure sensor is arranged in the cylinder body and connected with the output end of the transmission mechanism, the supporting table is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor, and the supporting table is located at the end of the cylinder body away from the base body; the operating part is rotated, the operating part drives the transmission mechanism to move, and the pressure sensor and the supporting table move along the axial direction of the cylinder body. The application can accurately control the supporting stroke, monitor the load in real time, and simplify the process and reduce the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building construction, and more specifically, to a support unloading device. Background Technology

[0002] The current method for adjusting the elevation of steel column supports primarily utilizes a top-mounted steel sand cylinder device. This device consists of upper and lower cylindrical steel cylinders (usually seamless steel pipes), a pressure-bearing steel plate, and homogeneous sand, providing vertical unidirectional movement and vertical load-bearing capacity. Its working principle is as follows: the lower steel cylinder serves as the homogeneous sand container; C30 concrete is poured into the upper steel cylinder and inserted into the lower cylinder, with load transfer achieved through the homogeneous sand. The lower steel cylinder has an unloading hole at its bottom and a controllable opening with a valve on its side for discharging the homogeneous sand. The homogeneous sand used is high-strength standard sand with a particle size of 5-10mm, which, after drying, exhibits good fluidity, ensuring a smooth unloading process.

[0003] During construction and installation, the lower steel cylinder must be vertically fixed to the top of the steel column, ensuring that their center lines coincide to avoid eccentric stress. It should be fixed using bolts or welding. Homogeneous sand filling requires a layered vibration compaction process (lightly tapping the cylinder wall with a vibrator) to ensure compaction, reduce porosity, and prevent excessive compressive deformation after loading. The upper steel cylinder (with a bearing steel plate at the top) should be slowly inserted into the lower steel cylinder, maintaining a 2mm inner wall gap and ensuring alignment, before finally connecting to the distribution beam. After the superstructure reaches its design strength, the protective cover of the sand drain hole should be opened to implement controlled unloading. When the upper steel cylinder settles to its design final position, the valve should be closed to complete the elevation adjustment.

[0004] However, existing steel sand cylinder devices have the following technical drawbacks: First, due to the lack of a pressure monitoring system, the load on the support structure cannot be monitored in real time during the construction of cast-in-place beams. When the load exceeds the design limit, there is no timely warning, posing a safety hazard. Second, the construction process requires strict control, including controlling the concentricity of the upper and lower steel cylinders and ensuring the compaction of the homogeneous sand. Furthermore, the unloading process requires precise adjustment of the sand flow rate, demanding high levels of expertise from construction personnel and impacting construction efficiency. Third, the device has poor recyclability. The unloading process results in the homogeneous sand being unrecoverable, requiring refilling each time it is used, increasing material costs and failing to meet sustainable development requirements. Finally, the accuracy of elevation adjustment is limited by the compressibility of the homogeneous sand, making it difficult to precisely control the pre-compression settlement value. Multiple adjustments are often required to meet design requirements, affecting construction quality. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a support unloading device that can achieve precise adjustment of support and unloading, monitor load conditions, improve construction safety factor, and reduce construction difficulty.

[0006] This utility model provides a support unloading device, which includes a cylinder base, an operating component, a transmission mechanism, a pressure sensor, and a support platform. The cylinder base includes a seat body and a cylinder body, with the seat body disposed at one end of the cylinder body. The operating component is mounted on the cylinder body, with one end of the operating component penetrating through the cylinder body and extending into the cylinder body. The transmission mechanism is mounted in the cylinder body, with its input end connected to the operating component. The pressure sensor is mounted in the cylinder body and connected to the output end of the transmission mechanism. The support platform is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor, and the support platform is located at the end of the cylinder body away from the seat body. Rotating the operating component causes the transmission mechanism to move, and also causes the pressure sensor and the support platform to move along the axial direction of the cylinder body.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, a transmission shaft, and a transmission sleeve. The first gear is fixedly connected to one end of the operating member located inside the cylinder. The second gear meshes with the first gear for transmission. The second gear is sleeved on the transmission shaft and fixedly connected to the transmission shaft. The axis of the transmission shaft is collinear with the axis of the cylinder. The transmission sleeve is sleeved on the transmission shaft and threadedly connected to the transmission shaft. The pressure sensor is threadedly connected to the transmission sleeve.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the second gear is keyed to the drive shaft. Rotating the operating member causes the first gear to rotate, and the second gear and the drive shaft rotate around the axis of the drive shaft, respectively.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the transmission shaft includes a first shaft portion and a second shaft portion, the diameter of the first shaft portion is larger than the diameter of the second shaft portion, the first shaft portion is provided with an external thread, the second shaft portion is provided with a keyway, and the second gear is keyed to the second shaft portion.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the transmission sleeve is provided with a first threaded portion and a second threaded portion, the first threaded portion and the second threaded portion are spaced apart along the axial direction of the transmission sleeve, and the first threaded portion is disposed close to the seat body relative to the second threaded portion. The first threaded portion is threadedly connected to the transmission shaft, and the second threaded portion is threadedly connected to the pressure sensor.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the pressure sensor is configured as a spoke-type pressure sensor, which is connected to the cylinder to prevent rotation.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the cylinder includes an upper sub-cylinder and a lower sub-cylinder, the lower sub-cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, the upper sub-cylinder is at least partially located inside the lower sub-cylinder, the transmission mechanism is installed in the lower sub-cylinder, and the pressure sensor is installed inside the upper sub-cylinder.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the upper cylinder includes a cylinder body and a flange, the flange is circumferentially disposed on the cylinder body, and the outer periphery of the flange is adapted to the inner wall of the lower cylinder, and the inner wall of the cylinder body is adapted to the outer periphery of the pressure sensor.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the support unloading device further includes a controller and a display, the controller being electrically connected to the display and the pressure sensor, respectively.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the support unloading device further includes an alarm, which is electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] Compared to existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this application are: This application controls the transmission mechanism through an operating component, thereby controlling the movement stroke of the support platform and enabling precise adjustment of support and unloading. Furthermore, this application utilizes a pressure sensor to monitor the load status of the support platform in real time, improving the construction safety factor. Finally, this application eliminates the need for homogeneous sand, simplifying the support and unloading process, saving construction costs, and reducing construction difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support unloading device is shown in some embodiments; Figure 2 Exploded views of the support unloading device are shown in some embodiments; Figure 3 Another perspective structural schematic diagram of the support unloading device in some embodiments is shown (some components are omitted); Figure 4 The diagram shows the connection between the operating element and the first gear and the second gear in some embodiments; Figure 5 Another three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support unloading device in some embodiments is shown (some components are omitted); Figure 6A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the transmission sleeve in some embodiments is shown; Figure 7 Construction schematic diagrams of the support unloading device are shown in some embodiments; Figure 8 Circuit diagrams of the support unloading device are shown in some embodiments; Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the upper cylinder is shown in some embodiments.

[0019] Explanation of key component symbols: 100-Base; 110-Base; 120-Cylinder; 121-Upper Branch Cylinder; 1211-Cylinder Body; 1212-Flange; 122-Lower Branch Cylinder; 1221-Helping Plate; 1222-Lifting Lug; 200-Operating Component; 210-Handle; 220-Rotating Shaft; 300-Transmission Mechanism; 310-First Gear; 320-Second Gear; 330-Transmission Shaft; 331-First Shaft; 332-Second Shaft; 340-Transmission Sleeve; 341-First Threaded Connection; 342-Second Threaded Connection; 400-Pressure Sensor; 410-Protrusion; 500-Support Platform; 600-Controller; 700-Display; 800-Alarm; 10 - First object; 20 - Second object; 30 - Steel column; 40 - Support unloading device. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] Example 1 This embodiment is applicable to the elevation adjustment of vertical steel column supports.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment provides a support unloading device 40, which includes a cylinder base 100, an operating component 200, a transmission mechanism 300, a pressure sensor 400, and a support platform 500.

[0027] The cylinder base 100 includes a base body 110 and a cylinder body 120.

[0028] A base 110 is disposed at one end of the cylindrical body 120. In this embodiment, the base 110 is configured as a steel plate and is circular. The base 110 has multiple bolt holes arranged in a circular array around the center of the base 110. Specifically, the base 110 is made of Q235 steel, has a thickness of 20mm, a bolt hole diameter of 26mm, and a distribution pitch circle diameter of 630mm.

[0029] The base 110 is installed on the top of the steel column 30 by bolts.

[0030] The cylinder 120 includes an upper sub-cylinder 121 and a lower sub-cylinder 122. The lower sub-cylinder 122 is fixedly connected to the base 110, and the upper sub-cylinder 121 is at least partially located inside the lower sub-cylinder 122.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 9 The upper cylinder 121 includes a cylinder body 1211 and a flange 1212. The flange 1212 is circumferentially disposed on the body, and the outer periphery of the flange 1212 is adapted to the inner wall of the lower cylinder 122. The inner wall of the cylinder body 1211 is adapted to the outer periphery of the pressure sensor 400.

[0032] Please continue reading. Figures 1 to 3 The lower cylinder 122 has an outer diameter of 410mm and a wall thickness of 12mm. It is welded to the base 110 and reinforced with a stiffening plate 1221, which improves the overall structural strength and stability of the device and enables it to withstand a high load pressure of 300 tons.

[0033] To facilitate hoisting, the lower section 122 is also equipped with lifting lugs 1222.

[0034] In this embodiment, a through hole is also made in the cylinder wall of the lower cylinder 122.

[0035] The operating component 200 is installed on the cylinder 120, and one end of the operating component 200 passes through the cylinder 120 and extends into the cylinder 120. In this embodiment, the operating component 200 consists of a handle 210 and a rotating shaft 220. The handle 210 is made of No. 45 steel and has a length of 400mm. The rotating shaft 220 passes through the through hole.

[0036] In this embodiment, the lifting and unloading are achieved by shaking the operating component 200. The operation is simple and easy to understand, requiring no complicated skills training, which reduces the difficulty of operation. Compared with the cumbersome installation and unloading steps of existing steel sand cylinders, the operation process is greatly simplified and construction time is saved.

[0037] The transmission mechanism 300 is installed inside the cylinder 120 and in the lower sub-cylinder 122, and the input end of the transmission mechanism 300 is connected to the operating component 200.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The transmission mechanism 300 includes a first gear 310, a second gear 320, a transmission shaft 330, and a transmission sleeve 340.

[0039] The first gear 310 and the operating component 200 are fixedly connected at one end inside the cylinder 120 by a key.

[0040] The second gear 320 meshes with the first gear 310 for transmission. The second gear 320 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 330 and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 330 by a key. In this embodiment, the first gear 310 has 15 teeth and the second gear 320 has 45 teeth. Both have a module of 2 and a transmission ratio of 3:1.

[0041] It can amplify the force of the operating component 200, so that the construction personnel only need to use a small amount of force to crank the handle 210, which drives the transmission shaft 330 and the support platform 500 to rise, greatly improving the lifting efficiency and saving labor costs.

[0042] In this embodiment, there are two operating components 200. The number of first gears 310 is the same as the number of operating components 200 and they correspond one-to-one. The construction personnel rotate the two operating components 200 at the same time to increase the movement speed of the second gear 320.

[0043] In addition, since this embodiment is relatively large, the two operating components 200 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower cylinder 122, which can improve the clamping force of this embodiment.

[0044] The axis of the drive shaft 330 is collinear with the axis of the cylinder 120. The drive shaft 330 includes a first shaft portion 331 and a second shaft portion 332. The diameter of the first shaft portion 331 is larger than the diameter of the second shaft portion 332. The first shaft portion 331 is provided with an external thread, and the second shaft portion 332 is provided with a keyway. The second gear 320 is keyed to the second shaft portion 332.

[0045] The first shaft 331 is a coarse-pitch drive shaft with a nominal diameter of 200mm, a pitch of 6mm, and is made of 45 steel (quenched and tempered). The allowable stress is 80~120MPa. The second shaft 332 has a diameter of 170mm.

[0046] The transmission sleeve 340 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 330 and threadedly connected to the transmission shaft 330. The transmission sleeve 340 is provided with a stepped hole, which is a first hole and a second hole that are connected. The diameter of the first hole is smaller than the diameter of the second hole. The wall of the second hole is provided with coarse internal threads. The first shaft part 331 is threadedly engaged with the second hole.

[0047] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The transmission sleeve 340 is provided with a first threaded portion 341 and a second threaded portion 342. The first threaded portion 341 and the second threaded portion 342 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the transmission sleeve 340, and the first threaded portion 341 is located near the seat 110 relative to the second threaded portion 342. The first hole is located in the first threaded portion 341 and the second hole is located in the second threaded portion 342. The first threaded portion 341 is threadedly connected to the transmission shaft 330, and the second threaded portion 342 is threadedly connected to the pressure sensor 400.

[0048] Precise lifting and lowering adjustment is achieved through the threaded engagement of the drive shaft 330 and the drive sleeve 340, which can accurately adjust to the design elevation in one go, reducing the need for multiple operations due to incomplete adjustment and improving construction efficiency and quality.

[0049] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The pressure sensor 400 is threadedly connected to the transmission sleeve 340. Specifically, the pressure sensor 400 is threadedly engaged with the second hole.

[0050] Pressure sensor 400 is installed inside cylinder 120 and connected to the output end of transmission mechanism 300. Pressure sensor 400 is also installed inside upper sub-cylinder 121. The installation of pressure sensor 400 improves the accuracy of elevation adjustment, enabling accurate adjustment to the design elevation in one go, reducing the number of adjustments, and improving construction efficiency.

[0051] The pressure sensor 400 is configured as a spoke-type pressure sensor 400, model RH10X-300tSCAIME, with a sensitivity of 2.0±0.1mV / V and a measurement range of 0-300t.

[0052] The pressure sensor 400 is connected to the upper cylinder 121 to prevent rotation. The upper cylinder 121 is provided with an anti-rotation port. The pressure sensor 400 is provided with a protrusion 410. The protrusion 410 is stuck in the anti-rotation port to prevent the pressure sensor 400 from rotating relative to the upper cylinder 121.

[0053] The support platform 500 is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor 400, and the support platform 500 is located at the end of the cylinder 120 away from the base 110. In this embodiment, the support platform 500 can be set to be a steel plate.

[0054] Rotating the operating component 200 causes the first gear 310 to rotate, the second gear 320 and the transmission shaft 330 to rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft 330 respectively, and causes the pressure sensor 400 and the support platform 500 to move along the axial direction of the cylinder 120.

[0055] This embodiment features efficient lifting and lowering functions, is easy to operate, simplifies adjustment steps, reduces operational difficulty, and eliminates the need for consumable materials such as homogeneous sand, allowing for recycling and reducing material waste and cost expenditure.

[0056] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 Based on the above, this embodiment further explains the support and unloading methods as follows: S100. A support device and a support unloading device 40 are constructed along the support direction in the support area between the first object 10 and the second object 20. One end of the support device is fixed to the first object 10, one end of the support unloading device 40 is fixedly connected to the end of the support device away from the first object 10, and the other end of the support unloading device 40 faces the second object 20.

[0057] The support device here is the aforementioned steel column 30. The first object 10 is the upper template and the second object 20 is the lower template. The length of the steel column 30 is shorter than the distance between the upper template and the lower template. The steel column 30 is spliced ​​with the support unloading device 40 and supported between the upper template and the lower template.

[0058] S200. Rotate the operating part 200 of the support unloading device 40 to drive the support platform 500 to move until the support platform 500 abuts against the second object 20 to form support.

[0059] The construction worker cranks the operating component 200 clockwise, causing the first gear 310 to drive the second gear 320 to rotate. The second gear 320 then drives the transmission shaft 330 to rotate, which in turn causes the transmission sleeve 340 to move upward, thereby raising the support platform 500 and achieving elevation adjustment.

[0060] During the movement of the S300 support platform 500, the pressure value of the pressure sensor 400 is observed in real time, and the movement stroke of the support platform 500 is controlled according to the pressure value and design requirements. S400. After the support is completed, rotate the operating component 200 in the opposite direction to remove the support unloading device 40, and then dismantle the support device.

[0061] The construction worker cranks the operating component 200 counterclockwise, causing the first gear 310 to rotate in the opposite direction. This, in turn, drives the second gear 320 and the transmission shaft 330 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the transmission sleeve 340 to move downwards and lowering the support platform 500, thus achieving the lowering of the formwork. At this time, the pressure value of the pressure sensor 400 gradually decreases. When the support platform 500 separates from the upper formwork, the pressure value displayed by the pressure sensor 400 is zero.

[0062] In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 300 is controlled by the operating component 200, thereby controlling the movement stroke of the support platform 500. This enables precise adjustment of support and unloading. Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes the pressure sensor 400 to monitor the load status of the support platform 500 in real time, improving the construction safety factor. Finally, this embodiment eliminates the need for homogeneous sand, simplifying the support and unloading process, saving construction costs, and reducing construction difficulty.

[0063] Example 2 Please see Figure 1 and Figure 8Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment is improved in that the support unloading device 40 further includes a controller 600 and a display 700, and the controller 600 is electrically connected to the display 700 and the pressure sensor 400 respectively.

[0064] The controller 600 uses an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller and integrates a power supply module, amplifier circuit, filter circuit, A / D conversion circuit, etc. It is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the support platform 500 with screws.

[0065] The display 700 is a 12864 LCD liquid crystal display 700 with a resolution of 128×64. For easy observation, in this embodiment, the display 700 is installed on the lower end surface of the support platform 500.

[0066] This embodiment can monitor the axial load of the support unloading device 40 in real time and display it on the display 700, so that construction personnel can understand the working status in a timely manner.

[0067] Example 3 Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment is improved in that the support unloading device 40 further includes an alarm 800, which is electrically connected to the controller 600. The alarm 800 includes one or more of a buzzer and a warning light.

[0068] For example, a source buzzer (operating voltage 5V, sound intensity ≥85dB) and a red high-brightness LED warning light (operating voltage 5V) are installed side by side next to the monitor 700. Shielded wires are used to connect the components.

[0069] In this embodiment, the alarm 800 is installed on the lower end face of the support platform 500.

[0070] When the pressure value of the support unloading device 40 exceeds the preset safety threshold, the alarm 800 will generate an alarm signal to remind the construction personnel to stop operating, so as to avoid safety accidents caused by overload and improve the construction safety factor.

[0071] Specifically, when pressure is applied to the support platform 500, the pressure sensor 400 converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the controller 600 via a data cable. The controller 600 amplifies, filters, and performs A / D conversion on the electrical signal, stores and processes the processed pressure data, and sends it to the display 700 for real-time display. When the controller 600 detects that the pressure exceeds the preset safety threshold, it controls the buzzer in the alarm 800 to sound and the warning light to flash, thus realizing the alarm function.

[0072] Please see Figures 1 to 3The installation principle of the support unloading device 40 is explained in this embodiment as follows: The lower cylinder 122 is vertically welded to the base 110, and a stiffening plate 1221 is welded at the connection point to reinforce it and ensure a firm weld.

[0073] The first gear 310 is fixed to the operating member 200 by a key connection, and the second gear 320 is sleeved on the central shaft of the transmission shaft 330 by a keyway connection.

[0074] The rotating shaft 220 of the operating component 200 is installed in the hole of the lower cylinder 122, so that the first gear 310 is located in the lower cylinder 122 and meshes with the second gear 320.

[0075] Insert the drive shaft 330 into the drive sleeve 340 to ensure a good thread fit between the two.

[0076] The pressure sensor 400 is connected to the upper part of the transmission sleeve 340 through the second hole thread, and then the pressure sensor 400 is connected to the support platform 500 through the countersunk bolt, ensuring that the sensing surface of the pressure sensor 400 is in close contact with the support platform 500 and the transmission sleeve 340.

[0077] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 8 The controller 600 is fixed to the lower end face of the support platform 500 with screws. The display 700 is installed at the edge of the lower end face of the support platform 500. The buzzer and warning light are installed side by side next to the display 700.

[0078] Shielded wires are used to connect the pressure sensor 400 to the controller 600, the controller 600 to the display 700, and the controller 600 to the alarm 800, ensuring that the wire connections are secure and reducing electromagnetic interference.

[0079] Example 4 This embodiment is also applicable to the horizontal bracing operation of steel pipes / section steel in foundation pit support engineering. It is suitable for various construction scenarios, solves the problem of the limited application scope of existing devices, and has a wider range of application prospects.

[0080] Specifically, during the construction of the foundation pit support structure, the device is installed at the end of the horizontal bracing of steel pipes or steel sections. Through the coordinated assembly with the walers and steel supports, it forms a complete load-bearing whole, laying the structural foundation for subsequent axial force control. The axial force application stage follows a closed-loop logic of "mechanical transmission - data monitoring - precise control".

[0081] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8Construction workers rotate the operating component 200 clockwise, which drives the transmission shaft 330 to rotate through the meshing of the first gear 310 and the second gear 320. The rotation of the transmission shaft 330 drives the transmission sleeve 340 to move axially, thereby pushing the support platform 500 to gradually tighten against the support structure. During this process, the pressure sensor 400 captures the axial force signal in real time, which is converted by the controller 600 and displayed on the display 700. The construction workers control the shaking amplitude of the operating component 200 based on the designed axial force value. The operation is stopped when the displayed value reaches the preset standard, thus achieving precise application of axial force.

[0082] Conversely, the construction workers rotate the operating component 200 counterclockwise, causing the support platform 500 to gradually detach from the supporting structure, and the value on the display 700 gradually decreases to zero, completing the unloading operation.

[0083] To address the axial force loss caused by soil deformation during the excavation phase of the foundation pit, this embodiment employs a "micro-scale bidirectional adjustment" scheme to ensure balanced force. Forward shaking of the operating component 200 causes the transmission sleeve 340 to move slightly upward to replenish the axial force, while reverse shaking moderately relieves the force. Throughout the adjustment process, the pressure value remains stable, with each adjustment strictly controlled within 2% of the design value. Safety monitoring is implemented throughout the entire axial force control process, forming a real-time protection system of "signal acquisition - transmission - processing - early warning." The pressure sensor 400 converts the mechanical signal into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the controller 600 via wires. The axial force value is then displayed in real-time on the screen of the display 700. When the axial force deviates from the design value, the system immediately triggers a dual alarm with a buzzer and flashing LED warning lights, reminding construction personnel to stop operation and mitigating the risk of support structure instability from the outset.

[0084] Traditional steel pipe horizontal support axial force adjustment relies on a "sliding end + jack pressurization + support steel plate force retention" model, which has three major defects. First, regarding axial force control precision, the thickness of the support steel plate after jack pressurization has fixed increments, making continuous fine-tuning impossible and resulting in a large deviation between the actual axial force and the design value. Furthermore, the poor fit between the steel wedges driven in after jack unloading and the reserved gap easily leads to eccentric force, and temperature changes and structural deformation can cause them to loosen and slip, resulting in severe axial force loss. Second, regarding construction safety and efficiency, traditional methods lack a real-time monitoring mechanism. Whether the axial force exceeds the limit or the steel wedges are loose requires manual inspection and judgment, making it difficult to detect potential hazards in a timely manner. Adjusting the axial force requires repeated disassembly and reassembly of the jacks and replacement of support plates of different thicknesses, making the process cumbersome and time-consuming. Third, regarding force adaptability, the traditional sliding end can only transmit axial pressure and cannot resist tensile force. When the foundation pit retaining structure exhibits bottom inward bulging and top outward tilting deformation, the sliding end is prone to automatically detaching, causing the support components to fall and leading to safety accidents.

[0085] This invention achieves a triple technological upgrade of "precise control + safety early warning + efficient construction". Through the mechanical transmission structure of the drive shaft 330 and the first gear 310, it solves the limitations of the traditional method of graded adjustment, and controls the axial force adjustment deviation within ±1% to achieve continuous and precise control. With the help of the built-in pressure monitoring and dual alarm system, it makes up for the lag of traditional manual inspection and meets the information-based construction requirements of deep foundation pit engineering. Relying on the integrated adjustment and force holding function, it eliminates the cumbersome procedures such as jack installation and disassembly and pad replacement, and greatly improves construction efficiency. In deep foundation pit engineering with complex surrounding environment and high deformation control requirements, this device can directly replace the existing movable end, providing a more reliable technical solution for the axial force control of horizontal bracing and adapting to the support needs under complex working conditions.

[0086] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0087] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A support unloading device, characterized in that, The device includes a cylinder base, an operating component, a transmission mechanism, a pressure sensor, and a support platform. The cylinder base includes a base body and a cylinder body, with the base body disposed at one end of the cylinder body. The operating component is mounted on the cylinder body, with one end of the operating component passing through the cylinder body and extending into the cylinder body. The transmission mechanism is mounted inside the cylinder body, with its input end connected to the operating component. The pressure sensor is mounted inside the cylinder body and connected to the output end of the transmission mechanism. The support platform is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor and is located at the end of the cylinder body away from the base body. Rotating the operating component causes the transmission mechanism to move, and also causes the pressure sensor and the support platform to move along the axial direction of the cylinder body.

2. The support unloading device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, a transmission shaft, and a transmission sleeve. The first gear is fixedly connected to one end of the operating component located inside the cylinder. The second gear meshes with the first gear for transmission. The second gear is sleeved on the transmission shaft and fixedly connected to the transmission shaft. The axis of the transmission shaft is collinear with the axis of the cylinder. The transmission sleeve is sleeved on the transmission shaft and threadedly connected to the transmission shaft. The pressure sensor is threadedly connected to the transmission sleeve.

3. The support unloading device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second gear is keyed to the drive shaft. Rotating the operating component causes the first gear to rotate, and the second gear and the drive shaft rotate around the axis of the drive shaft respectively.

4. The support unloading device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drive shaft includes a first shaft portion and a second shaft portion. The diameter of the first shaft portion is larger than the diameter of the second shaft portion. The first shaft portion is provided with an external thread, and the second shaft portion is provided with a keyway. The second gear is keyed to the second shaft portion.

5. The support unloading device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission sleeve has a first threaded portion and a second threaded portion. The first threaded portion and the second threaded portion are spaced apart along the axial direction of the transmission sleeve, and the first threaded portion is located closer to the seat body than the second threaded portion. The first threaded portion is threadedly connected to the transmission shaft, and the second threaded portion is threadedly connected to the pressure sensor.

6. The support unloading device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The pressure sensor is configured as a spoke-type pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected to the cylinder to prevent rotation.

7. The support unloading device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The cylinder includes an upper sub-cylinder and a lower sub-cylinder. The lower sub-cylinder is fixedly connected to the base body. The upper sub-cylinder is at least partially located inside the lower sub-cylinder. The transmission mechanism is installed in the lower sub-cylinder, and the pressure sensor is installed inside the upper sub-cylinder.

8. The support unloading device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The upper cylinder includes a cylinder body and a flange. The flange is circumferentially disposed on the cylinder body, and the outer periphery of the flange is adapted to the inner wall of the lower cylinder. The inner wall of the cylinder body is adapted to the outer periphery of the pressure sensor.

9. The support unloading device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes a controller and a display, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the display and the pressure sensor, respectively.

10. The support unloading device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes an alarm, which is electrically connected to the controller.

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