A battery module structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of battery module structure, including supporting plate, through-hole and loudspeaker mouth, supporting plate is installed on battery module, and the explosion-proof valve side of battery module is covered;Through-hole is set up on supporting plate, and it is corresponding with the position of explosion-proof valve;Loudspeaker mouth is provided with variable cross section caliber, and is protruding installed on the side of supporting plate opposite to explosion-proof valve, and located on the circumference of through-hole;The caliber of loudspeaker mouth near explosion-proof valve side is less than the caliber of explosion-proof valve side far away from it.The utility model improves the flow state of cell ejecta by loudspeaker mouth structure, reduces resistance, improves the flow efficiency of fluid, helps cell ejecta shunt and guide, makes ejecta flow according to the designed flow direction and requirement, avoids confusion and vortex phenomenon, prevents ejecta from flowing back to other cells, avoids other cell thermal runaway, to solve the technical problems of high material cost of existing thermal barrier scheme, increase assembly process, hinder the detectability of bottom explosion-proof valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery module technology, and in particular to a battery module structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of large cylindrical cells in battery modules, effective thermal runaway protection has become a key technological challenge. Existing technologies for handling thermal runaway ejections mainly fall into two categories: one is increasing venting space and setting up venting channels, aiming to provide sufficient discharge paths and space for the high-temperature gases and substances ejected from the thermally runaway cell, preventing pressure buildup inside the module. The other is adding a heat insulation layer at the cell's explosion-proof valve location, focusing on preventing the backflow or splashing of high-temperature substances (flames, molten material, high-temperature gases) ejected from a single cell during thermal runaway onto the explosion-proof valve area of ​​adjacent cells, thereby cutting off the propagation path of thermal runaway between cells and preventing a chain reaction.

[0003] While the aforementioned insulation layer solutions are theoretically effective in preventing heat spread, they have significant drawbacks in practical applications, especially for large cylindrical battery cells where the explosion-proof valve is typically located at the bottom. First, they are costly: the high-temperature resistant insulation materials currently used for the explosion-proof valve location are relatively expensive. Second, they complicate the manufacturing process: laying additional insulation material at the explosion-proof valve location (especially at the bottom) increases the steps and complexity of the module assembly process, reducing production efficiency. Third, they affect product yield and inspectability: for large cylindrical battery cells with the explosion-proof valve at the bottom, the bottom insulation layer structure severely obscures the explosion-proof valve area after assembly. This makes it difficult to visually inspect and confirm the condition of the explosion-proof valve (e.g., whether it is blocked, contaminated, or has manufacturing defects) during assembly or later maintenance, increasing the difficulty of quality control and consequently affecting the final product yield.

[0004] For thermal runaway protection of large cylindrical battery cell modules, existing insulation layer solutions can block heat propagation, but they have significant drawbacks in practical applications due to their high material costs, increased assembly processes, and severe obstruction of the detectability of the bottom explosion-proof valve (thus affecting yield). Therefore, there is an urgent need for an alternative solution that can effectively manage thermal runaway ejecta and prevent its propagation while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages (especially high cost and low detectability). Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a battery module structure to solve the technical problems of high material cost, increased assembly process, and impeded bottom explosion-proof valve detectability in existing heat insulation layer solutions.

[0006] The present invention provides a battery module structure, including a support plate, a through hole, and a flared opening. The support plate is mounted on the battery module and covers the explosion-proof valve side of the battery cell in the battery module. The through hole is opened on the support plate and corresponds to the position of the explosion-proof valve. The flared opening is provided with a variable cross-sectional diameter and protrudes from the side of the support plate facing away from the explosion-proof valve, and is located in the circumferential direction of the through hole.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tray includes a large surface for supporting the battery module and a vertical surface for surrounding the battery module, and the large surface avoids the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve through a through hole.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, a positioning seat is provided on the large surface facing the inner side of the battery module. The positioning seat matches the shape and contour of the battery cell in the battery module, and the large surface extends into the gap between adjacent battery cells in the battery module through the positioning seat.

[0009] In one embodiment of this utility model, a mounting base is provided on the outer side of the vertical surface facing away from the battery module.

[0010] In one embodiment of this utility model, the tray is made of plastic.

[0011] In one embodiment of this utility model, the size of the through hole is larger than the size of the explosion-proof valve area.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, the flared mouth is installed on the through hole in the center area of ​​the large surface.

[0013] In one embodiment of this utility model, the diameter of the flared mouth is smaller than the size of the through hole.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the flare opening on the side closer to the explosion-proof valve is smaller than the diameter on the side farther from the explosion-proof valve.

[0015] In one embodiment of this utility model, a connecting channel is provided between adjacent horn openings.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The battery module structure proposed in this utility model has an opening corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell on a plastic tray. A flared structure is set on the back of the plastic tray corresponding to the explosion-proof valve, with the flared structure having a smaller opening near the explosion-proof valve and a larger opening further away from the explosion-proof valve. The flared structure improves the flow state of the ejected material from the battery cell, reduces resistance, and improves the flow efficiency of the fluid. The flared structure also helps to divert and guide the ejected material from the battery cell, allowing it to flow in the designed direction and requirements, avoiding turbulence and eddies, and preventing the ejected material from flowing back to other battery cells, thereby preventing thermal runaway of other battery cells. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0018] In the attached diagram:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery module structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tray provided in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0023] 100, pallet; 110, main surface; 111, positioning seat; 120, facade; 121, mounting seat; 200, through hole; 300, flared mouth; 310, channel; 400, explosion-proof valve. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0025] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. The drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0026] In the following description, numerous details are explored to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 A battery module structure provided in one embodiment of the present utility model includes a support plate 100, a through hole 200, and a flared opening 300. The support plate 100 is mounted on the battery module and covers the explosion-proof valve 400 side of the battery cell in the battery module. The through hole 200 is opened on the support plate 100 and corresponds to the position of the explosion-proof valve 400. The flared opening 300 is provided with a variable cross-sectional diameter and protrudes from the support plate 100 on the side facing away from the explosion-proof valve 400, and is located in the circumferential direction of the through hole 200.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the tray 100 is directly mounted on the battery module, covering one side of the explosion-proof valve 400 of the battery cell in the module. Corresponding through holes 200 are provided on the tray 100, corresponding to the position of each individual battery cell's explosion-proof valve 400 below, ensuring that each explosion-proof valve 400 has a clear outlet channel 310 directly below it. On the surface of the tray 100 facing away from the explosion-proof valve 400, i.e., the side facing the direction of ejection, a flared mouth 300 structure is protruding around the edge of each through hole 200. The flared mouth 300 structure has a varying cross-sectional diameter; for example, its shape can be designed so that the opening is smaller near the battery cell's explosion-proof valve 400 (i.e., near the through hole 200), and gradually widens as it moves away from the explosion-proof valve 400, forming an outwardly expanding conical or flared channel 310.

[0029] Furthermore, the variable cross-sectional diameter design of the flared nozzle 300 is coordinated with the support plate 100 and the through hole 200. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, and the internal high-pressure, high-temperature material is ejected outward through the explosion-proof valve 400, the ejected material first passes through the through hole 200 on the support plate 100. Immediately afterwards, the ejected material enters the flared nozzle 300 structure attached to the outlet of the through hole 200. Due to the variable cross-sectional diameter of the flared nozzle 300, the flow state of the ejected material is affected. For example, when the end of the flared nozzle 300 near the explosion-proof valve 400 is a small opening, and the end away from the explosion-proof valve 400 is a large opening, this gradually expanding shape can significantly improve the flow state of the ejected material. The small opening helps to constrain and guide the initially ejected high-speed fluid, while the large opening provides a larger diffusion space for the fluid, effectively reducing the resistance during fluid flow and improving discharge efficiency.

[0030] Thus, the variable cross-section flared nozzle 300 structure effectively diverts and guides the ejected material. It forcibly guides the ejected material to flow in a predetermined direction, away from the explosion-proof valve 400 and adjacent cells, i.e., downward and outward diffusion. This directional flow guidance effectively avoids the risk of eddies, turbulence, or upward / lateral splashing of the ejected material in confined spaces. By optimizing the fluid path to reduce the possibility of backflow, the flared nozzle 300 structure significantly reduces the probability of high-temperature ejected material backflowing or splashing onto the explosion-proof valve 400 or the housing of adjacent cells, thereby cutting off the path for thermal runaway to spread between cells within the module. This physical flow guidance method replaces or reduces the need for directly adding a heat insulation layer near the explosion-proof valve 400.

[0031] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the tray 100 includes a large surface 110 for supporting the battery module and a vertical surface 120 for surrounding the battery module, and the large surface 110 avoids the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 400 through the through hole 200.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the tray 100 serves as a support and isolation component, and its overall structure is designed to include two main parts: one is a planar support portion with a large surface area of ​​110, namely the large surface 110; the other is a enclosure portion extending vertically around the edge of the large surface 110, namely the vertical surface 120. The large surface 110 constitutes the main plane of the tray 100, facing the direction of the battery module cell arrangement, and covering the side where the cell explosion-proof valve 400 is located. The main function of the large surface 110 is to support and carry the cells in the module, providing them with a stable mounting base. At the same time, in order to avoid the area where each cell explosion-proof valve 400 is located and to allow ejected material to pass through, through holes 200 are provided on the large surface 110 of the tray 100. The positions of these through holes 200 are all aligned with the positions of their corresponding individual cell explosion-proof valves 400. In this way, while covering the side of the cell explosion-proof valve 400, the large surface 110 effectively avoids the core area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 400 through the through holes 200.

[0033] Furthermore, the facade 120 of the tray 100 extends upwards from the perimeter of the large surface 110, forming an enclosed structure of a certain height. The main function of the facade 120 is to form a receiving space together with the large surface 110, accommodating and positioning the battery cells in the module. This enclosed design not only contributes to the overall rigidity and stability of the module structure, but more importantly, provides lateral constraint and protection for the battery cells. The large surface 110, the facade 120, and the battery cells together define the internal spatial layout of the module. The large surface 110 covers the explosion-proof valve 400 side of the battery cells, and through the through holes 200, the explosion-proof valve 400 area of ​​each battery cell can be directly exposed to the space outside the through holes 200, avoiding physical obstruction or interference of the explosion-proof valve 400 area by the material of the large surface 110 of the tray 100 itself. In this way, the tray 100's function of supporting and covering the battery cells is guaranteed, while ensuring the unobstructed venting path of the explosion-proof valve 400 is also guaranteed.

[0034] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, a positioning seat 111 is provided on the large surface 110 facing the inner side of the battery module. The positioning seat 111 matches the shape contour of the battery cell in the battery module. The large surface 110 extends into the gap between adjacent battery cells in the battery module through the positioning seat 111.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the positioning seat 111 is designed to match the external shape contour of the individual battery cell in the battery module, ensuring that each positioning seat 111 can conform to the specific shape of the corresponding battery cell. This provides stable support for the battery cell within the module. When the battery cell is installed in the module, its outer wall or specific structural parts can contact or closely fit the matching surface of the positioning seat 111, thereby radially constraining the position of the battery cell and preventing displacement or shaking within the module, ensuring the structural stability and assembly accuracy of the entire module.

[0036] More specifically, the large surface 110 of the tray 100 extends into the battery module via the positioning seat 111 on it. Specifically, the positioning seat 111 is not merely located on the large surface 110, but extends into the gaps between adjacent cells according to the cell arrangement within the module. After the cells are assembled, gaps naturally form between adjacent cells. The shape and size design of the positioning seat 111 allows it to appropriately embed into or occupy a portion of these gaps. Through this design, while maintaining its alignment with the cell contour, the extended portion of the positioning seat 111 effectively occupies and utilizes the gaps between adjacent cells. This not only optimizes space utilization but also provides additional lateral support points for the cells through the structure of the positioning seat 111 extending into the gaps, further enhancing the relative positional fixation capability between adjacent cells and helping to maintain the uniform arrangement of the entire cell array and the structural integrity of the module.

[0037] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, a mounting base 121 is provided on the outer side of the facade 120 facing away from the battery module.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, a mounting base 121 is provided on the vertical surface 120 of the support plate 100. The mounting base 121 is typically designed as a protrusion or connection point with certain structural features, which is fixedly attached to the outer wall of the vertical surface 120. The mounting base 121 provides an interface for the entire battery module to be installed with external structures (such as battery pack housings, brackets, or other fixed components). Through the pre-set connection holes, slots, or other fixing structures on the mounting base 121, the support plate 100, and thus the entire battery module, can be securely installed into the external frame or housing using fasteners such as bolts and clips. This ensures reliable fixing and accurate positioning of the module and effectively transmits vibration loads during operation.

[0039] In one embodiment, the tray 100 is made of plastic.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the tray 100 is entirely made of plastic. All components constituting the tray 100, including the large surface 110, the vertical surface 120, the through-hole 200 structure, the positioning seat 111, and the mounting seat 121, can be integrally molded from plastic. Utilizing the excellent plasticity and processability of plastic, the geometric shapes on the tray 100 (such as the positioning seat 111 matching the cell contour, the raised flared opening 300 structure, the details of the mounting seat 121, and the edge treatment of the through-hole 200) can be efficiently manufactured using processes such as injection molding. Plastic is lighter than metal, which helps reduce the weight of the battery module and even the entire battery system. The inherent insulating properties of plastic also ensure the electrical isolation safety between the cells inside the module. The use of plastic also matches its load-bearing function and integrated design requirements (such as the integrated flared opening 300).

[0041] Please see the appendix Figure 3 In one embodiment, the size of the through hole 200 is larger than the size of the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 400.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the size of the through hole 200, i.e., the opening area, is larger than the overall size of the corresponding area of ​​the battery cell explosion-proof valve 400. This ensures that the entire exhaust area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 400 is completely covered by the opening of the through hole 200, with no part obstructed by the solid material of the support plate 100. Sufficient circumferential clearance is maintained between the edge of the through hole 200 and the outer contour of the explosion-proof valve 400 area. Therefore, under extreme conditions of battery cell thermal runaway, high-temperature gases, flames, and molten particles violently ejected from the explosion-proof valve 400 can be discharged without obstruction through the through hole 200. Secondly, the existence of the circumferential clearance effectively avoids the risk of violent collision or scraping between the ejected material and the edge of the through hole 200 during high-speed ejection. This avoids increased fluid flow resistance due to collision or scraping, which could hinder the smooth discharge of the ejected material. Thus, the through hole 200 can always completely cover the explosion-proof valve 400, without interference or obstruction due to deformation or misalignment, ensuring the absolute unobstructed and reliable operation of the exhaust channel 310.

[0043] Please see the appendix Figure 1 In one embodiment, the flared mouth 300 is mounted on the through hole 200 in the central region of the large surface 110.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the horn opening 300 is attached to the through hole 200 within the central area of ​​the large surface 110 of the support plate 100. This allows the horn opening 300 structures to be concentrated at the through hole 200 at the center of the battery cell array. Each horn opening 300 structure forms a direct and fixed connection with its corresponding through hole 200, constituting a complete gas emission unit.

[0045] More specifically, the flared nozzle 300 structure is an extension of the through-hole 200 on the back of the support plate 100 (i.e., the side facing away from the explosion-proof valve 400). It tightly surrounds the circumferential edge of the through-hole 200, and its base portion can be firmly bonded to the edge of the through-hole 200 or integrally formed. The central axis of the flared nozzle 300 structure is aligned with the central axis of the through-hole 200, ensuring that the ejected material discharged from the through-hole 200 can directly enter the flow channel of the flared nozzle 300 structure, achieving a smooth connection of the fluid path.

[0046] Thus, the directional flow field formed by the horn 300 in the central region of the large surface 110 of the support plate 100 effectively suppresses the tendency of ejected material to scatter laterally or form vortices within a limited space. By physically guiding the high-temperature ejected material, which might otherwise diffuse randomly, it is confined to a specific path, minimizing the risk of thermal runaway energy and material backflow or sputtering that could contact other battery cells.

[0047] Please see the appendix Figure 3 In one embodiment, the diameter of the flared mouth 300 is smaller than the size of the through hole 200.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the inlet end of the flared nozzle 300 structure (i.e., the small end near the through hole 200 of the support plate 100 and directly connected to the ejection direction of the explosion-proof valve 400) has a diameter smaller than that of the connected through hole 200. When the flared nozzle 300 structure is attached to the edge of the through hole 200, the small end of the flared nozzle 300 forms an inwardly narrowing structure at the outlet of the through hole 200. When high-temperature and high-pressure substances are rapidly ejected through the through hole 200, they immediately encounter the contracting section of the small end of the flared nozzle 300 at the outlet of the through hole 200. This causes the fluid to be accelerated and focused when entering the flared nozzle 300 structure, forming a more concentrated and directional jet. Its acceleration and focusing effect optimizes the flow state of the fluid in the critical initial stage, serving as the basis for subsequent guidance.

[0049] More specifically, the reduced size of the flared nozzle 300 enhances the constraint and guidance of the ejected material. Its narrowed end defines the initial path of the fluid entering the expansion channel 310, forcing the ejected material to flow along the central axis of the flared nozzle 300 structure. This effectively suppresses the radial scattering or disorderly diffusion that may occur after the ejected material exits the through-hole 200. This prevents the ejected material from prematurely splashing outwards in the sensitive areas adjacent to the explosion-proof valve 400 and the through-hole 200.

[0050] In this way, after the ejected material is discharged from the through hole 200, it is guided into the pre-set flow channel of the bell mouth 300. Through the contraction and constraint of the bell mouth 300 structure, an orderly flow path is established in the initial stage of ejected material discharge, which serves as the structural basis for subsequent diversion, resistance reduction, directional flow guidance, and ultimately preventing ejected material backflow or triggering a chain thermal runaway.

[0051] Please see the appendix Figure 3 In one embodiment, the diameter of the flare 300 on the side closer to the explosion-proof valve 400 is smaller than the diameter on the side farther from the explosion-proof valve 400. For example, the flare 300 may also include a converging section and a diffusing section, with the converging section facing the explosion-proof valve 400 and the diffusing section facing outward. The diameter at the junction of the converging section and the diffusing section is the smallest, and the diameter of the converging section facing the explosion-proof valve 400 is larger than the diameter at the junction but smaller than the diameter of the diffusing section facing outward.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, by designing a variable cross-sectional shape for the flared opening 300, the opening is designed to be smaller near the cell explosion-proof valve 400 (i.e., near the through hole 200), while gradually widening as it moves away from the explosion-proof valve 400, forming an outwardly expanding conical or flared channel 310. The smaller opening helps to constrain and guide the initially ejected high-speed fluid, while the larger opening provides a larger diffusion space for the fluid, effectively reducing resistance during fluid flow and improving discharge efficiency.

[0053] Furthermore, the flare 300 can also be composed of two parts: a converging section and a diffuser section. The converging section is located at the upper part of the flare 300 structure, directly facing the explosion-proof valve 400, and adjacent to the thermal runaway eruption source; the diffuser section is located at the lower part of the flare 300 structure, facing outwards, guiding the material away from the explosion-proof valve 400 for discharge. The connection between the two sections forms a characteristic throat. The diameter of the converging section is relatively large on the side facing the explosion-proof valve 400, but its diameter gradually narrows along the downward flow direction of the fluid until it reaches the minimum diameter of the entire flare 300 structure at the junction of the converging section and the diffuser section. Subsequently, in the diffuser section, the diameter gradually expands and increases along the fluid flow direction from this minimum cross-section, eventually forming the maximum diameter at the outlet end facing outwards. Therefore, the inlet diameter on the explosion-proof valve 400 side is larger than the minimum diameter at the junction, while its minimum diameter is smaller than the outlet diameter on the outer side of the diffuser section.

[0054] Furthermore, as the high-temperature ejected material exits through the through-hole 200 and enters the convergence section, the gradual contraction of the flow cross-section forces the fluid to accelerate, optimizing its initial kinetic energy and making it more concentrated and directional, while effectively suppressing the fluid's tendency to laterally scatter near the inlet. The diameter of the outlet valve 400 is relatively large to accommodate the high-speed ejected material, but its size is still smaller than the upper through-hole 200, ensuring that the fluid is effectively confined and guided into the acceleration process. When the fluid passes through the throat at the narrowest point of the entire channel 310, the flow velocity reaches its peak, forming a high-speed jet, which helps overcome flow resistance and provides an energy basis for subsequent diffusion. As the fluid enters the diffusion section, the gradual expansion of the flow cross-section allows the high-speed fluid to decelerate and depressurize, converting some of its kinetic energy into pressure energy. This deceleration and diffusion process improves discharge efficiency by reducing the total resistance to fluid flow. More importantly, the expanding flow channel provides ample diffusion space for the fluid, guiding it to discharge smoothly and orderly into the vast outer space, effectively avoiding eddies or energy dissipation disturbances caused by sudden expansion.

[0055] Thus, by establishing a flow channel design that first converges and accelerates, then diffuses and decelerates, the flared nozzle 300 structure can manage thermal runaway ejections with extremely high efficiency. While reducing energy loss and flow resistance along the ejection path, it achieves strong confinement and directional flow of the ejection through a promoted acceleration-deceleration process. This ensures that the ejection is quickly and smoothly guided away from the explosion-proof valve 400 and adjacent battery cell areas, eliminating the risk of high-temperature material backflow or disordered sputtering triggering thermal runaway in adjacent battery cells. The combined design of the convergence and diffusion sections provides superior fluid control and anti-backflow performance.

[0056] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, a connecting channel 310 is provided between adjacent horn openings 300.

[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, interconnected channels 310 are provided between adjacent horn-shaped openings 300 to establish an auxiliary flow relationship between the emission paths of adjacent horn-shaped openings 300. When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, there may be instantaneous high-pressure, high-flow-rate ejected material within its corresponding horn-shaped opening 300. At this time, some fluids that cannot be immediately discharged outward through the diffusion section channel 310 (such as edge airflow or secondary ejected material) will flow naturally and be diverted to the diffusion area corresponding to the adjacent horn-shaped openings 300 through these pre-set interconnected channels 310. The diversion mechanism avoids excessive accumulation of ejected material within a single horn-shaped opening 300 or at the boundary between adjacent horn-shaped openings 300, thus preventing the risk of obstructed ejected material flow or even upward backflow caused by local high pressure.

[0058] Furthermore, the connecting channel 310 serves a pressure equalization function, allowing the discharge spaces between different funnel 300 structures to be interconnected, resulting in a more uniform fluid pressure distribution in the bottom region of the entire module. This pressure equalization effect reduces fluid disturbance and eddy intensity caused by intense single-point eruptions. On one hand, it reduces the possibility of disordered flow of ejected material within the module, preventing high-temperature substances from stagnating or unexpectedly backflowing at the junctions of the funnels 300; on the other hand, through coordinated drainage, it improves the overall discharge efficiency when multiple adjacent explosion-proof valve 400 areas erupt simultaneously or sequentially. Ultimately, these interconnected channels 310 enable adjacent funnels 300 to form an integrated system that collaboratively handles ejected material, optimizes flow field distribution, and enhances overall protection reliability.

[0059] In summary, the battery module structure provided by this utility model uses a plastic tray as a carrier, with its large surface covering the explosion-proof valve side of the battery cell and having through holes larger than the explosion-proof valve area to avoid obstruct and facilitate venting. A flared structure protruding from the through hole ensures that the small-diameter end is close to the explosion-proof valve side, while the large-diameter end diffuses outward, forming a diffusion channel. This allows the thermally runaway ejected material to pass through the through hole, where the small-diameter end helps to constrain and guide the initially ejected high-speed fluid, while the large-diameter end provides a larger diffusion space for the fluid. This effectively reduces resistance during fluid flow, improves emission efficiency, and diverts and guides the ejected material. By replacing the high-cost insulation layer with physical flow guidance, optimized fluid control blocks heat propagation while avoiding obstruction of the explosion-proof valve and its impact on yield.

[0060] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery module structure, characterized in that, include: A tray (100) is mounted on the battery module and covers the explosion-proof valve (400) side of the battery cell in the battery module; A through hole (200) is provided on the support plate (100) and corresponds to the position of the explosion-proof valve (400); as well as The flared mouth (300) has a variable cross-sectional diameter and is protruding on the side of the support plate (100) facing away from the explosion-proof valve (400), and is located in the circumferential direction of the through hole (200).

2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tray (100) includes a large surface (110) that carries the battery module and a vertical surface (120) that surrounds the battery module, and the large surface (110) avoids the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve (400) through the through hole (200).

3. The structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A positioning seat (111) is provided on the large surface (110) facing the inside of the battery module. The positioning seat (111) matches the shape and outline of the battery cell in the battery module. The large surface (110) extends into the gap between adjacent battery cells in the battery module through the positioning seat (111).

4. The structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A mounting base (121) is provided on the outer side of the facade (120) facing away from the battery module.

5. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tray (100) is made of plastic.

6. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the through hole (200) is larger than the size of the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve (400).

7. The structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flared mouth (300) is installed on the through hole (200) in the central area of ​​the large surface (110).

8. The structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The diameter of the flared mouth (300) is smaller than the size of the through hole (200).

9. The structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The diameter of the flare (300) on the side closer to the explosion-proof valve (400) is smaller than the diameter on the side farther away from the explosion-proof valve (400).

10. The structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, A connecting channel (310) is provided between adjacent horn openings (300).

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