Method of coupling an input shaft with an output shaft

Abstract

Method of coupling an input shaft (17) with an output shaft (13) which is coaxial with the input shaft (17), characterized in that a universal self-centering system is used which includes an outer base (2) and a medial base (1) on which rollers, gears (3-12, 20) or stars are rotatably mounted, which are connected to each other by a closed rope, a closed chain (15) or a closed belt, comprising: Connecting the input wave (17) with the outer foundation (2), wherein the input wave (17) coincides with a wave (16) on the medial foundation (1) in terms of the direction of movement, Attaching transfer gears (12) for transferring a torque to the output shaft (13), on an axis with the rollers, gears (6-11) or stars of the outer base (2), as well as Applying torque to the input shaft (17) and displacing the axis of the shaft (16) on the medial foundation (1) with respect to the axis of the input shaft (17) and the output shaft (13) in order to transfer the torque to the output shaft (13).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to transmissions or switchable couplings. The invention can be used in mechanical engineering for the design of devices containing couplings or transmissions.

[0002] For example, a continuously variable transmission disclosed in DE 37 31 490 A1 comprises several freewheels with outer rims designed as sprockets, which drive the output shaft via a circulating chain. US 3 874 253 A discloses a continuously variable drive in which a series of planetary gears meshing with a stationary sun gear are connected to a series of engagement elements via one-way couplings. DE 43 29 441 A1 discloses a transmission for continuously adjusting the gear ratio. Numerous types of couplings that ensure the connection of two shafts are known, for example from RU 2 286 262 C2. A disadvantage of such couplings is that they include rotating parts that rub against each other.

[0003] A method for implementing a coupling by means of the braking action of a brake gear in a system of interaction between two shafts is known. When the brake gear of an outer brake sleeve or brake shoe acts, a torque is transferred between the input shaft and the output shaft (DE 10 2014 003 957 A1). A disadvantage of this method is the presence of rotating friction surfaces.

[0004] DE 10 2014 003 958 A1 discloses a system for the mutual connection of two shafts with a constant mutual tooth engagement. One objective of the invention is the realization of a coupling without the use of rotating friction pairs. Disclosure of the invention

[0005] The objective is achieved by using a universal, self-centering system in a coupling process between an input shaft and an output shaft. This system comprises an outer and a medial foundation. Rollers, gears, or star wheels are rotatably mounted on these foundations and interconnected by a closed cable, chain, or belt. An input shaft is connected to the outer foundation and its direction of movement coincides with that of a shaft on the medial foundation. Gears are mounted on an axis connected to the rollers, gears, or star wheels of the outer foundation. These gears transmit torque to an output shaft that is coaxial with the input shaft.The torque is applied to the input shaft, the output shaft, and the axis of the shaft is offset on the medial foundation with respect to the axis of the input shaft and the output shaft in order to transfer the torque to the output shaft.

[0006] Universal self-centered systems are known from the RU 2014 106 630 A, RU 2014 106 628 A, RU 2014 106 627 A, RU 2014 106 146 A, RU 2013 2013 15 154 A, RU 2013 311 A, RU 2013 153 163 A, RU 2013 152 649 A, RU 2013 145 988 A, RU 2013 145 987 A, RU 2013 2013 RU 2013 144 445 A, RU 2013 144 444 A, RU 2013 142 690 A, RU 2013 142 204 A, RU 2013 142 203 A, DE 10 2013 019 629 A1, DE 10 2013, 1916 OF 10 2013 019 627 A1, OF 10 2013 019 593 A1, OF 10 2013 019 592 A1, OF 10 2013 019 404 A1, OF 10 2013 019 402 A1, OF 10 2013 2013 A1, OF 10 2012 018 131 A1, OF 10 2012 017 180 A1, OF 10 2012 016 380 A1, OF 10 2012 016 314 A1, OF 10 2012 013 318 A1, OF 10 2012 2012 586 A1, DE 10 2012 002 076 A1, DE 10 2012 001 232 A1 und DE 10 2012 000 316 A1.

[0007] The universal self-centering systems have an outer and a medial foundation, both lying in the same plane. The outer foundation encloses the medial foundation. Three or more rollers or gears are rotatably mounted on each foundation. The number of rollers on each foundation is identical. Each roller can be exchanged for any two interchangeable rollers to utilize a section of rope, belt, or chain between the interchangeable rollers for tensioning. The effect of the tension on the section of rope, chain, or belt between the interchangeable rollers does not affect the properties of the universal self-centering system. The method for tensioning the belt, rope, or chain is known from RU 2013 147 711 A. The cited publications utilize static properties of a universal self-centering system.The present invention utilizes a dynamic property of a universal self-centering system: the joint rotation of the medial and outer foundations is possible even if their axes of rotation do not coincide. This means that when a torque is applied to one of the foundations, the medial and outer foundations rotate about their respective, non-coincident axes of rotation. Brief description of the drawings On Fig. Figure 1 shows a device for the realization of a coupling. On Fig. Figure 2 shows the device for the realization of the coupling in a view from the rear. On Fig. Figure 3 shows a section of the device when the axis of a medial foundation is displaced relative to the axis of an outer foundation. On Fig. Figure 4 shows the arrangement of a spring for tension gears. On Fig. Figure 5 shows a front view of the device where the axes of the outer and medial foundations meet. On Fig. Figure 6 shows a rear view of the device where the axes of the outer and medial foundations meet. On Fig. Figure 7 is a scheme for predicting the magnitude of chain displacement when the axes of the medial and external foundations do not match. On Fig. Figure 8 shows the device for implementing the coupling in a side view. On Fig. Figure 9 shows the arrangement of a gear and a chain where the axes of the foundations meet. Embodiments of the invention

[0008] In a specific example of a device that explains the method, a universal self-centering system is used, comprising a medial base 1 and an outer base 2. Gears 3, 4, 5 are rotatably mounted on the medial base 1. Six gears 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 are rotatably mounted on the outer base 2 with their axes in bearings 18. Transfer gears 12, which transmit torque to a gear on an output shaft 13, are mounted on an axle with gears 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. Tension gears 20, which are spring-loaded by a spring 19, are mounted between pairs of gears 6-7, 8-9, 10-11. The tension gears 20 do not affect the properties of the universal self-centering system. The tensioning gears 20 act on points of a chain 15 between rollers - in this case the outer foundation 2.An input shaft 17 is connected to the outer foundation 2 and has a common axis with it and with the output shaft 13. The medial foundation 1 has a shaft 16, the axis of which, in the absence of a transverse load on this shaft 16, coincides with the axis of rotation of the outer foundation 2, the output shaft 13 and the input shaft 17.

[0009] When the axes of medial foundation 1 and external foundation 2 meet, as shown in Fig. 9, and the presence of a torque on either of the bearings 1, 2, causes both bearings 1, 2 to rotate at the same angular velocity. All gears and the chain 15 remain stationary. The output shaft 13 rotates along with the bearings 1, 2 if the sum of the frictional forces in the gear axes is greater than the frictional force on the output shaft 13 axis. If a force applied to the output shaft 13 exceeds the sum of the frictional forces in the gears, the output shaft 13 will stop, and all gears 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 20, 12 will rotate. The chain 15 will be displaced along its perimeter accordingly.

[0010] When the axis of shaft 16 of the medial foundation 1 is displaced relative to the axis of input shaft 17 and output shaft 13, a forced displacement of chain 15 occurs along its perimeter, and correspondingly, gears 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 20 rotate. A torque is thereby transmitted from the transfer gears 12 to the output shaft 13. This torque can be applied to input shaft 17, which is connected to the outer foundation 2, or to shaft 16 of the medial foundation 1. The magnitude of the chain 15 displacement and the angle of rotation of the gears for one revolution of the outer foundation 2 will be proportional to the magnitude of the displacement of shaft 16's axis relative to the axis of input shaft 17 and outer foundation 2. The expected value of the displacement for one revolution of chain 15 can be estimated by considering the diagram from Fig.7 is used. When the outer base 2 rotates by 120 degrees, gear 6 and gear 3 will occupy the positions of gears 10 and 5. A section 21 of chain 15 with a length of 231.92 will occupy the position of a section 14 of chain 15 and increase its length to 434.53. For one complete revolution, chain 15 will be displaced by (434.53 - 231.92) · 3 = 607.83. With a diameter of 100 for gears 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, they will rotate 607.83 / 3.14 · 100 = 1.936 revolutions for one revolution of the outer base 2. With a transmission ratio of 0.5 between the transfer gears 12 and the gear of the output shaft 13, for every revolution of the input shaft 17, the output shaft 13 will also rotate by one revolution, with a displacement of the axis of the shaft 16 by 100°. The diameter of the outer foundation 2 is expected to be 1000°.

[0011] A device for implementing the process can include a universal self-centering system with a closed belt, a closed rope, or a closed chain. Rollers, gears, or stars can be rotatably mounted on the bases.

[0012] In the presented method of realizing a clutch, there are no frictionally rotating parts. The toothed engagement of all parts is continuous, not switched. The transfer of torque from the input shaft to the output shaft occurs smoothly, starting from a base speed of zero. List of reference symbols 1. Media foundation 2 external foundation 3, 4, 5 gear on media foundation 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 Gear on outer foundation 12 Transfer gear 13 Output wave 14 chain section 15 chain 16 wave 17 Input wave 18 warehouses 19 feathers 20 Tensioning gear 21 chain section

Claims

A method for coupling an input shaft (17) with an output shaft (13) which is coaxial with the input shaft (17), characterized in that a universal self-centering system is used which includes an outer base (2) and a medial base (1) on which rollers, gears (3-12, 20) or stars are rotatably mounted and which are connected to each other by a closed rope, a closed chain (15) or a closed belt, comprising: connecting the input shaft (17) to the outer base (2), wherein the input shaft (17) coincides with a shaft (16) on the medial base (1) in the direction of movement, mounting transfer gears (12) for transmitting a torque to the output shaft (13) on an axis with the rollers, gears (6-11) or stars of the outer base (2),as well as applying the torque to the input shaft (17) and displacing the axis of the shaft (16) on the medial foundation (1) with respect to the axis of the input shaft (17) and the output shaft (13) in order to transfer the torque to the output shaft (13).

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