Electromagnet and locking arrangement with electromagnet and spring-loaded detent device

Abstract

A locking arrangement (100, 200, 300) is proposed, comprising an electromagnet (102, 202, 302) with armature (103, 203, 303) and armature rod (104, 204, 304), a component (112, 212, 312) rotatable about an axis (A) in a first direction of rotation (D1) and an opposite second direction of rotation (D2) with circumferential engagements (114, 214, 314), a locking device (106, 206, 306) with a return surface (108, 208, 308) connected to the armature rod (104, 204, 304), and a locking position (S1) in which it engages one of the engagements (114, 214, 314) to prevent rotation in the first direction of rotation (D1) of the rotatable component (112, 212, 312) engages, and is adjustable to a release position (S2) in which, apart from engagement with one engagement (114, 214, 314) of the engagements (114, 214, 314), a spring element (110, 210, 310) is released to allow rotation in the second direction of rotation (D2) of the rotatable component (112, 212, 312).which pre-tensions the locking element (106, 206, 306) into the locking position (S1) and allows the locking element (106, 206, 306) to return to the release position (S2), wherein the rotatable component (112, 212, 312) can act on the return surface (108, 208, 308) when rotating in the second direction of rotation (D2) in order to move the locking element (106, 206, 306) against the spring force of the spring element (110, 210, 310) into the release position (S2).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electromagnet according to claim 1 and a locking arrangement according to claim 2.

[0002] In practice, particularly in the technical field of parking locks and parking brakes, locking of rotating shafts using a bistable solenoid is known, for example, in a parking brake. An armature rod of the solenoid serves to lock the shaft's rotation. Such a design is problematic, especially given the large amount of space it requires.

[0003] However, the functionality of existing locking devices also needs to be improved, given the need for a temperature-dependent re-tensioning function, especially for electric parking locks and parking brakes. Typically, an overheated electric parking brake is pre-tensioned with an electric motor when the vehicle is parked. The parking brake effect is achieved by engaging the motor shaft with the magnet of the electric parking lock – the brake can no longer be "opened." However, as the brake cools down, the component dimensions shrink and the parking locks loosen, which can cause the vehicle to roll.

[0004] In practice, a systematic solution is proposed in which the electric motor is re-rotated after a few minutes based on an electronically stored cooling curve of the brake, and the brake pads are re-pressed more firmly against the disc / drum. However, existing locking assemblies are not sufficiently secure or durable to enable such a re-tensioning function. In addition, a permanent electromagnetic holding force of existing locking assemblies hinders safe re-tensioning. In order to re-tension, the armature must currently be moved from its locked or blocked position. During this time, the system is "open" and does not prevent a vehicle from rolling away in the event of a malfunction. Restoring the locked or blocked position takes too long and / or cannot be safely implemented in the event of a malfunction.

[0005] The object of the invention is therefore to provide an electromagnet and a locking arrangement which overcome the above-mentioned problems and disadvantages.

[0006] Therefore, an electromagnet for a locking arrangement is proposed, comprising an armature which can be fixed in at least one stable and permanently magnetic end position, an armature rod, a coil which can be energized as required for adjusting the armature, a spring element which is supported at one end on a first contact base and at the other end on a second contact base which is mounted so as to be movable relative to the first contact base, such that the second contact base is movable relative to the armature and / or the armature rod when the coil is de-energized and / or when the armature is in a stable and permanently magnetic end position.

[0007] The spring element allows the second contact base to move and reset when the coil is de-energized and / or when the armature is in a stable, permanently magnetic end position. This advantage allows for re-tensioning without having to move the armature with the coil energized.

[0008] The first contact base can be implemented by the anchor, the anchor rod, a latch, or a latch part. The second contact base can be implemented by the anchor rod, a component guided on the anchor rod, for example, a guide housing, a latch, or a latch part (preferably another latch part).

[0009] The permanent magnetic hold of the armature can be achieved, for example, by the coil or a yoke.

[0010] The embodiments and advantages described below in the context of the locking arrangement are intended to be equally disclosed and claimable in the context of the electromagnet, and vice versa.

[0011] Also proposed is a locking arrangement comprising an electromagnet with an armature and armature rod, a component which is rotatable about an axis in a first direction of rotation and an opposite second direction of rotation and has circumferential engagements, a locking means with a return surface which is connected to the armature rod and is adjustable between a locking position in which it engages in one of the engagements for preventing rotation in the first direction of rotation of the rotatable component, and a release position in which it is disengaged from one of the engagements for enabling rotation in the second direction of rotation of the rotatable component, a spring element which preloads the locking means into the locking position and allows the locking means to be returned to the release position, wherein the rotatable component can act on the return surface when rotating in the second direction of rotation,to move the locking means into the release position against the spring force of the spring element. The electromagnet can be an electromagnet as disclosed.

[0012] In the locked position, the locking means prevents rotation of the rotating component in the first direction of rotation and allows rotation of the rotating component in the second direction of rotation. Advantageously, the rotating component can now be rotated in the second direction of rotation from the locked position, in which, for example, the locking arrangement prevents a motor vehicle from accidentally rolling away. This can be used, for example, to retension the brake pads after a few minutes and to press them more firmly against a disc / drum. Retensioning is possible in the release position. The spring element allows retensioning and also restores the locked position. Therefore, retensioning can take place without the intervention of the electromagnet or its control. Due to the interventions, retensioning can take place like a ratchet.The rotating component can be rotated further in the second direction of rotation relative to the locking means for as long as desired; the locking means can immediately engage in any engagement and can be brought back into the release position upon further rotation in the second direction of rotation.

[0013] The rotating component may have teeth on the circumference with tooth flanks formed by the circumferential engagements.

[0014] The action of the rotatable component upon rotation in the second direction of rotation on the return surface to move the locking means into the release position against the spring force of the spring element can occur in the detent position. The action on the return surface to move the locking means into its release position can occur by means of a corresponding engagement or tooth or tooth flank.

[0015] The locking arrangement can be adjusted between a driving position and a parking position by adjusting the armature. In the driving position, the locking means can be spaced from the rotating component by adjusting the armature accordingly. This distance can be an air distance. The locking means can be in a neutral position there. In the parking position, the locking means can be in its locking position by adjusting the armature accordingly. In the parking position, the locking means can also be adjustable to its release position; however, this is not caused by adjusting the armature but is permitted by the spring element.

[0016] The electromagnet can adjust the armature between an extended, extended position and a retracted, retracted position. In the extended position, the travel position or the park position can be present. In the retracted position, the other of the travel position and the park position can be present. The electromagnet can be a bistable lifting magnet. The extended position and the retracted position can thus be present in stable end positions of the armature. In these end positions, the armature can be held by a permanent magnet - preferably, no current is supplied to secure the end position. The armature can adjust the armature rod to establish the detent position of the locking device. This makes it easy to establish the detent position (of the locking device) and / or the park position (of the locking arrangement).

[0017] The locking arrangement therefore allows the locking means to move against the force of the spring element without having to move the armature from its end position and then return it to this end position after retensioning. The release position and the renewed locking position can also be achieved without power. Energizing and switching the electromagnet for the purpose of retensioning is avoided. Safety is thus significantly improved because a situation is avoided in which the locking arrangement is "open" in its parked position due to the power supply for the purpose of retensioning and cannot prevent a motor vehicle from accidentally rolling away.

[0018] The spring element can allow the release position through its own compression or energy absorption. The spring element can establish the locking position through its own expansion or energy release. It also has a tolerance compensation function. By preloading the locking element into the locking position, it can compensate for a tolerance between a (preferably stable) end position of the armature and an end stop of the locking element in engagement with the rotating component, ensuring a secure locking position.

[0019] The locking arrangement may be a parking lock locking arrangement or a parking brake locking arrangement.

[0020] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the return surface can be designed and / or arranged in such a way that contact by the rotatable component and its rotation in the second direction of rotation leads to an adjustment of the locking means, preferably to a longitudinal adjustment of the locking means in the direction of the axis or in the longitudinal direction.

[0021] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the locking means can have the return surface and a locking surface. The surfaces can be arranged on opposite sides of the locking means and / or point in opposite directions. The locking surface can abut an engagement portion of the rotatable component and prevent the rotatable component from rotating in the first direction of rotation.

[0022] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the locking surface can be designed and / or arranged such that contact with the rotatable component prevents rotation of the rotatable component in the first direction of rotation. Contact with the locking surface can be achieved by means of a corresponding engagement or tooth.

[0023] The anchor rod can be hollow and / or multi-part. For this purpose, it can comprise at least a first and second anchor rod part. This reduces the mass of the anchor rod for improved adjustability and flow throughput. The anchor rod parts can be inserted into one another and / or firmly connected to one another. This serves to reduce the required installation space and ensure optimal functionality. The interiors of the anchor rod parts can be directly fluidically connected to one another, for example, by means of front-end holes in the anchor rod parts. This leads to the best possible flow throughput via the shortest route. An anchor rod part can form an outer peripheral flange on its front end, preferably in one piece. The outer peripheral flange can define the anchor stop. This eliminates the need for additional components, saving installation space and avoiding connections.An anchor rod component can form a diameter step, preferably in one piece. This diameter step can define a direct contact point against which the spring element can rest. This eliminates the need for additional components, saving installation space and avoiding joints.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the locking arrangement, for example, according to a first aspect, the locking means can be firmly connected to the anchor rod. This reduces the number of components and results in synchronous movement of the anchor rod and the locking means. The locking means can be attached to the anchor rod, preferably to one end of the rod. This avoids space-consuming kinematics between the anchor rod and the locking means. The end of the rod can be the one facing the rotating component.

[0025] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the locking means can be a locking wedge. The locking wedge can reliably prevent rotation in the first direction of rotation of the rotating component in the locking position in a functionally effective yet geometrically simple manner, but can also be moved into the release position. Furthermore, the locking surface and return surface can be geometrically simple to form on both sides of the wedge.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the locking arrangement, the armature can be mounted so that it can move relative to the armature rod. Advantageously, the armature and armature rod can move relative to each other. This means that even in a stable end position of the armature when the electromagnet coil is de-energized, the armature rod can be adjusted using the locking means against the spring force – the release position of the locking means is easily implemented. However, the reverse can also advantageously apply: the movement of the armature rod caused by the locking means has no influence on the stable end position of the armature – the armature maintains its stable position. This allows the use of a small-sized spring element, since it does not have to work against magnetic forces. The armature can be movably mounted on the armature rod and / or on an armature tube and / or on a coil former and / or on a bearing bush.In addition, this avoids so-called drawer effects between the anchor and the anchor rod, which can be caused by magnetic and other transverse forces.

[0027] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, it can be designed such that the locking means can be moved into the release position against the spring force of the spring element and the subsequent movement of the locking means into the locking position can occur while the armature is stationary. Furthermore, the armature can remain in a stable position during this time and / or the coil can be de-energized during this time. Advantageously, therefore, neither a current supply is necessary nor does an air gap need to be created at the armature. The locking arrangement can reliably prevent a motor vehicle from accidentally rolling away. This can be achieved, for example, by means of the spring element and the relatively movable mounting of the armature to the armature rod.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the locking arrangement, the armature rod can have or be formed with an armature stop with which it can strike the armature. The armature stop can be designed as a step or diameter jump on the outer circumference. The armature stop can advantageously serve two purposes. Firstly, it can define an end position between the armature and the armature rod – the armature rod cannot be adjusted any further. This can limit the adjustment path of the armature rod. Secondly, the armature stop can act as a driver and drive the armature rod along when the armature is adjusted. This allows the locking device to be adjusted from its locking position by means of an electromagnetic device.The anchor stop can therefore limit the adjustment path of the anchor rod in one of its adjustment directions (for example in the direction of the rotating component) and can be positively coupled to the anchor in the opposite adjustment direction, allowing it to move relative to the anchor.

[0029] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the armature stop can rest against the armature in the locking position of the locking element and / or the neutral position of the locking element. This resting position can be caused by the spring element. This allows for a compact design. In the neutral position, the locking element can be spaced from the rotating component. This distance can be an air distance. The spacing can be achieved by adjusting the armature accordingly. The armature can be designed for this purpose.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the locking arrangement, the spring element can be a helical spring, which can be supported at one end on the armature and at the other end directly on the armature rod or on a support part firmly connected to the armature rod. The armature itself can be held by a permanent magnet, thus providing a secure base for the spring element, particularly in its extended position. The bilateral support of the spring element on the armature and armature rod results in a mechanical coupling of the two parts. The spring element can also be a meander spring or disc spring. The armature rod can form a diameter jump or flange for direct support, preferably in one piece. This reduces the number of required components.

[0031] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the spring force of the spring element can be less than a permanent magnetic holding force of the armature, preferably in its extended position. This advantageously renders the spring element incapable of displacing the armature, even if the locking means is moved into its release position against the spring force and counteracts the permanent magnetic holding force of the armature.

[0032] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the action of the rotating component on the return surface when rotating in the second direction of rotation can lead to an adjustment of the locking means and the armature rod in the direction of the axis. The armature rod can thus be inserted into the housing of the electromagnet.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the locking arrangement, for example according to a second aspect, the locking means can be a one-piece pawl and / or mounted at one end so as to be relatively movable with respect to the anchor rod, preferably via an elongated hole, and / or mounted at the other end so as to be rotatable. The pawl enables a non-linear adjustment of the locking means between the locking position and the release position. Furthermore, the location of the locking connection between the locking means and the engagement can be far away from the electromagnet or can be located laterally to the longitudinal axis. The elongated hole enables a controlled and guided movement of the pawl. The one-piece pawl can consist of a single piece. The locking means can have a tooth that forms the return surface and the locking surface. The locking means can be mounted on a pivot bearing at the other end.

[0034] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the anchor rod and locking means can be kinematically coupled to each other, so that a linear adjustment of the anchor rod leads to a rotation of the locking means. This allows the locking means to be pivoted out of its locked position.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the locking arrangement, the anchor rod can comprise a guide housing, which can be movably guided on an anchor rod body and can have a bearing point, preferably a bearing pin, for the locking means. The guide housing can be movably guided in the longitudinal direction on the anchor rod body. The anchor rod body can be enclosed by the anchor rod. The mobility between the anchor rod body and the guide housing can be advantageous if the anchor is firmly connected to the anchor rod. The adjustment of the locking means into its release position can then be enabled by adjusting the guide housing. The locking means can be mounted at the bearing point; preferably, the bearing pin engages in the elongated hole. The bearing pin can be aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

[0036] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the guide housing can have a support surface on its inner circumference for guidance on the anchor rod body. This ensures that the guide housing is securely guided and protected against tilting. For reasons of simple and cost-effective production, the support surface on the inner circumference can be formed by a radially folded inward wall of the guide housing.

[0037] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the guide housing can be arranged on one end of the anchor rod body. This reduces the required installation space.

[0038] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the spring element can be a helical spring, which rests at one end on the guide housing and at the other end directly on the anchor rod or the anchor rod body, or on a support part firmly connected to the anchor rod or the anchor rod body, or on the anchor. This allows the guide housing to be preloaded, and thus also the associated locking means. The anchor rod / the anchor rod body or the anchor each represent a secure base for the spring element. The bilateral support of the spring element on the anchor rod / the anchor rod body / the anchor and the guide housing results in a mechanical coupling of the two parts. This location of the spring element enables adjustment and preload of the guide housing regardless of the position of the anchor or the anchor rod or the anchor rod body. The spring element can also be a meander spring or disc spring.

[0039] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the spring element can be arranged on the outer circumference of the anchor rod or the anchor rod body. This arrangement saves installation space.

[0040] According to one conceivable design of the locking arrangement, the spring element can be arranged within the guide housing. This arrangement saves space and protects the spring element from contamination.

[0041] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the anchor rod or the anchor rod body can have or form a guide housing stop. The guide housing stop can be designed as a step or diameter jump on the outer circumference. The guide housing stop can advantageously serve two purposes. Firstly, it can define an end position between the anchor rod / anchor rod body and the guide housing – the guide housing cannot then be adjusted any further. This can limit the adjustment path of the guide housing. Secondly, the guide housing stop can act as a driver and drive the guide housing along when the anchor rod / anchor rod body / armature is adjusted. This allows the locking means to be adjusted from its locking position by means of an electromagnetic device.Due to the guide housing stop, the guide housing can therefore be limited in one of its adjustment directions and movable in the opposite adjustment direction relative to the anchor rod and / or anchor rod body and / or anchor and can be positively coupled to the anchor rod and / or anchor rod body and / or anchor.

[0042] According to one conceivable design of the locking arrangement, the anchor can be firmly connected to the anchor rod or the anchor rod body. This reduces the number of components and results in synchronous movement of the anchor and the anchor rod / anchor rod body. This avoids space-consuming mobility between the anchor and the anchor rod / anchor rod body.

[0043] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, it can be designed such that the locking means can be moved into the release position against the spring force of the spring element and the subsequent movement of the locking means into the locking position can occur while the armature is stationary. Furthermore, the armature can remain in a stable position during this time and / or the coil can be de-energized during this time. Advantageously, therefore, neither a current supply is necessary nor does an air gap need to be created at the armature. The locking arrangement can reliably prevent a motor vehicle from accidentally rolling away. This can be achieved, for example, by means of the spring element and the relatively movable mounting of the armature or armature rod to the guide housing.

[0044] According to one embodiment of the locking arrangement, for example according to a third aspect, the locking means can be a multi-part pawl and / or mounted at one end so as to be relatively movable with respect to the anchor rod, preferably via an elongated hole, and / or mounted at the other end so as to be rotatable. The multi-part pawl enables non-linear adjustment of the locking means between the locking position and the release position. Furthermore, the location of the locking connection between the locking means and the engagement can be located far away from the electromagnet or laterally to the longitudinal axis. The elongated hole enables controlled and guided movement of the pawl. The locking means can have a tooth that forms the return surface and the locking surface.

[0045] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the multi-part latch can comprise at least two latch parts, which can be arranged so as to be movable relative to one another and against one another. This allows, for example, the spring element to be arranged exclusively on the latch itself. The armature or armature rod can be kept free from the spring element.

[0046] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the at least two pawl parts can be rotatably mounted on one another. This allows the locking means to bend inward and leads to a reduction in installation space, particularly in combination with a leg spring.

[0047] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, one of the latch parts can have or form a latch part stop for another of the latch parts. The latch part stop can, on the one hand, define an end position between the respective latch parts - further still, the two latch parts are then not adjustable relative to each other. This can limit the adjustment path of one latch part. On the other hand, the latch part stop can act as a driver and, when one latch part is adjusted, take the other latch part with it. This can cause the locking means to be adjusted from its detent position by an electromagnetic force. Due to the latch part stop, the latch part without the latch part stop can therefore have its adjustment path limited in one of its adjustment directions and be movable in the opposite adjustment direction relative to the latch part with the latch part stop and can be positively coupled to the latch part with the latch part stop.The forced coupling can be achieved by means of the spring element.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the locking arrangement, the anchor rod can comprise a guide element, which can be firmly connected to the anchor rod and have a bearing point, preferably a bearing pin, for the locking means. Due to the guide element, the remaining anchor rod can have a smaller diameter and be designed more delicately. The adjustment of the locking means into its release position can then be enabled by adjusting the guide element. The locking means can be mounted at the bearing point; preferably, the bearing pin engages in the elongated hole. The bearing pin can be aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

[0049] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the spring element can be a leg spring, which rests at one end on one pawl part of the multi-part pawl and at the other end on another pawl part of the multi-part pawl. Advantageously, the leg spring serves to preload both pawl parts against each other, preferably toward the pawl part stop. The pawl parts can bend against each other and return to their preloaded initial position due to the spring action.

[0050] According to one conceivable design of the locking arrangement, the anchor can be firmly connected to the anchor rod or the anchor rod body. This reduces the number of components and results in synchronous movement of the anchor and the anchor rod / anchor rod body. This avoids space-consuming mobility between the anchor and the anchor rod / anchor rod body.

[0051] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the anchor rod can comprise an anchor rod body and the guide housing or the guide element. This allows for the formation of an assembly that offers design advantages and cost reductions.

[0052] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, the guide element can be arranged on one end of the anchor rod body. This reduces the required installation space.

[0053] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking arrangement, it can be designed such that the locking means can be moved into the release position against the spring force of the spring element and the subsequent movement of the locking means into the locking position can occur while the armature is stationary. Furthermore, the armature can remain in a stable position during this time and / or the coil can be de-energized during this time. Advantageously, therefore, neither a current supply is necessary nor does an air gap need to be created at the armature. The locking arrangement can reliably prevent a motor vehicle from accidentally rolling away. This can be achieved, for example, by means of the spring element and the relatively movable mounting of the pawl parts to one another.

[0054] The rotating component can be a gear or a shaft. This allows the locking arrangement to interact in a simple and space-saving manner with a component that may itself belong to another arrangement, for example, an electric motor. The rotating component can be driven by an electric motor. The engagements can be arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating component; this pre-location can also apply to the teeth. This easily exposes them to engagement by the locking means, which can act from the outside. The axis of the rotating component can be its axis of rotation. The rotating component can be rotatable relative to the electromagnet. The engagements can be arranged equidistant from one another and / or cover the entire circumference. The rotating component can be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis.As a result, the position of the rotating component relative to the locking element generally has no influence on the locking position. The directions of rotation can be opposite.

[0055] The connection between the anchor rod and the locking device can be a forced coupling.

[0056] The anchor and the anchor rod can be oriented concentrically to each other. The anchor and the anchor rod can be movable longitudinally within the anchor space. The anchor can have an axial bore that accommodates the anchor rod. The anchor rod can protrude from the anchor on one side, preferably on both sides.

[0057] The disclosure also includes a method for operating a locking arrangement according to the disclosure, comprising the following steps: - Providing a locking arrangement according to the disclosure, - Adjusting the locking arrangement into its parking position, wherein the locking means engages in one of the engagements for preventing rotation in the first direction of rotation of the rotatable component, - Carrying out a re-tensioning process, comprising the following sub-steps: ◯ while the coil is de-energised, the rotating component is rotated in the second direction of rotation and the locking means is thereby moved into the release position against the spring force of the spring element, ◯ while the coil is de-energised, the locking means re-engages in one of the engagements to prevent rotation in the first direction of rotation of the rotatable component.

[0058] In the parked position, the locking arrangement is suitable for preventing a motor vehicle from accidentally rolling away. The advantages already described above with regard to the locking arrangement also apply analogously to the operating method, to which reference is hereby made. Retensioning is preferably carried out entirely with the coil de-energized or the armature unadjusted. The process steps can be performed in the specified order.

[0059] Further features, details, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. They show: Fig. 1 a schematic view of an electromagnet, Fig. 2 a first longitudinal sectional view of a locking arrangement of the first type, Fig. 3 a second longitudinal sectional view of the locking arrangement of the first embodiment, Fig. 4 a third longitudinal sectional view of the locking arrangement of the first embodiment, Fig. 5 a first longitudinal sectional view of a locking arrangement of the second type, Fig. 6 a second longitudinal sectional view of the locking arrangement of the second form, Fig. 7 a third longitudinal sectional view of the locking arrangement of the second form, Fig. 8 a first longitudinal sectional view of a locking arrangement of a third embodiment, Fig. 9 a second longitudinal sectional view of the locking arrangement of the third form, Fig. 10 a third longitudinal sectional view of the locking arrangement of the third form and Fig. 11 a first longitudinal sectional view of a locking arrangement of a fourth embodiment.

[0060] In the figures, identical or corresponding elements are each designated by the same reference numerals and are therefore not described again unless expedient. Features already described are not described again to avoid repetition and are applicable to all elements with identical or corresponding reference numerals, unless explicitly excluded. The disclosures contained in the entire description are analogously transferable to identical parts with identical reference numerals or identical component designations. The positional information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., also relates to the directly described or illustrated figure and, in the event of a change in position, is to be transferred analogously to the new position.Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different embodiments shown and described can represent independent, inventive or inventive solutions.

[0061] Fig. 1 schematically shows an electromagnet 2, which can be used, for example, for a locking arrangement 100, 200, 300, 400. The electromagnet 2 is penetrated by an axis A1 or longitudinal axis. It comprises a coil 16, which can be energized as desired, for adjusting an armature. The electromagnet 2 further comprises a spring element 10, which is supported at both ends. At one end, it is supported on a first contact base B1. The contact base B1 can be implemented by a component of the electromagnet 2. At the other end, it is supported on a second contact base B2. The contact base B2 can be implemented by a component of the electromagnet 2 or a component separate from the electromagnet. The spring element 10 is compressible between the contact bases B1, B2. The contact bases B1, B2 are mounted so as to be movable relative to one another.

[0062] The first support base B1 can be implemented, for example, by an armature of the electromagnet 2 or the armature rod of the electromagnet 2. Shown here is the first support base B1, which is fixed in a stable and permanently magnetic end position to a permanent magnet PM. The second support base B2 can be implemented, for example, by the armature rod of the electromagnet 2 or a component guided on the armature rod, for example, a guide housing 252.

[0063] The spring element 10 enables the second contact base B2 to be movable relative to the armature and / or the armature rod while the coil 16 is de-energized and / or during the stable and permanently magnetic end position of the armature.

[0064] The Fig. Figures 2 to 4 each show a locking arrangement 100 of the first embodiment in a longitudinal sectional view. The locking arrangement 100 is traversed by an axis A1. Fig. 2 shows a state in which the locking arrangement 100 is in its parking position P1, an electromagnet 102 or its armature 103 is in an extended position S4 and a locking means 106 is in its locking position S1. Fig. 3 shows a state in which the locking arrangement 100 is in its travel position P2, the electromagnet 102 or its armature 103 is in a retracted position S5 and the locking means 106 is in its neutral position S3. Fig. 4 resembles Fig. 2 and shows a state in which the locking arrangement 100 is in its parking position P1, the electromagnet 102 or its armature 103 is in an extended position S4 and a locking means 106 is in its release position S2.

[0065] The locking arrangement 100 comprises the electromagnet 102. In this case, it is configured as a bistable solenoid. The electromagnet 102 comprises a housing 105 and an energizable coil 116 wound on a coil former 118. The coil 116 comprises two coil packs 116a spaced apart in the direction of the axis A1, which enclose a ferromagnetic ring element 107. The electromagnet 102 further comprises the armature 103 and an armature rod 104, one end of which protrudes from the housing 105. The armature 103 is adjustable by energizing the coil 116. The armature 103 and the armature rod 104 are oriented concentrically to one another and are movable in the direction of the axis A1 or in the longitudinal direction within an armature chamber. The armature 103 has an axial bore that accommodates the armature rod 104.

[0066] The armature 103 is mounted so as to be movable relative to the armature rod 104 and is mounted on the armature rod 104 and / or on the coil body 118. The armature 103 can nevertheless adjust the armature rod 104 to establish the detent position S1. The armature rod 104 forms an armature stop 150, which is designed as a step or diameter jump on the outer circumference. With the armature stop 150, it can strike the armature 103. By means of the armature stop 150, the armature rod 104 can be limited in its adjustment path in one of its adjustment directions (along the axis A1 in the direction of a rotatable component 112) and can be movable relative to the armature 103 in the opposite adjustment direction (along the axis A1 at a distance from the rotatable component 112) and can be positively coupled to the armature 103. Should the armature 103 be electromagnetically moved from its Fig. 2 shown extended position S4 into its Fig. 3, it takes the anchor rod 104 along in its adjustment direction due to the forced coupling via the anchor stop 150.

[0067] The locking assembly 100 also includes the rotatable component 112, which is depicted here as a gear. It is rotatable about an axis A2 in a first rotational direction D1 and an opposite second rotational direction D2. The rotatable component 112 is rotatable relative to the electromagnet 102 and is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis A2. The rotatable component 112 includes outer peripheral engagements 114 and teeth 115, each of which is arranged equidistant from one another and covers the entire circumference.

[0068] The locking arrangement 100 further comprises the locking means 106. The locking means 106 is designed as a locking wedge and is firmly connected to the anchor rod 104 at its rod end facing the rotating component 112. The locking means 106 comprises a return surface 108 and a locking surface 109. The two surfaces 108, 109 are formed on the two wedge sides and are arranged on opposite sides of the locking means 106. In the locking position S1, the locking means 106 engages in a recess 114.

[0069] The return surface 108 is designed such that upon rotation of the rotatable component 112 in the second rotational direction D2, this component 112 acts with an engagement 114 or tooth on the return surface 108 to move the locking means 106 into the release position S2 against the force of a spring element 110. The action of the rotatable component 112 upon rotation in the second rotational direction D2 on the return surface 108 results in the locking means 106 and the anchor rod 104 being adjusted in the direction of the axis A1. The anchor rod 104 is thus inserted into the housing 105.

[0070] The locking surface 109 is designed such that upon rotation of the rotatable component 112 in the first direction of rotation D1, this component 112 acts with an engagement 114 or tooth on the locking surface 109 and is prevented from rotating in this first direction of rotation D1.

[0071] The locking arrangement 100 also includes a spring element 110, which is depicted here as a helical compression spring. The spring element 110 is supported at one end on the armature 103 and at the other end on the armature rod 104 or on a support part 120 rigidly connected to the armature rod 104. The spring element 110 biases the locking means 106 into its locking position S1 and allows the locking means 106 to return to its release position S2 against the spring force of the spring element 110. The spring force of the spring element 110 is less than the permanent magnetic holding force of the armature 103.

[0072] The locking arrangement 100 shown is adjustable between the parking position P1 and the driving position P2 by adjusting the armature 103. In the parking position P1 ( Fig. 2 and Fig. 4) a motor vehicle is parked and prevented from rolling away, because the locking means 106 engages in the rotatable component 112 in a rotation-preventing manner (prevents rotation in the first direction of rotation D1). In the driving position P2 ( Fig. 3) the motor vehicle can drive, because the locking means 106 is distanced from the rotatable component 112 due to the corresponding adjustment of the armature 103.

[0073] The armature 103 shown can be adjusted between the extended position S4 and the retracted position S5 by energizing the coil 116. In the extended position S4 ( Fig. 2 and Fig. 4), the armature 103 is held firmly and permanently magnetically. The parking position P1 is given, because in the extended position S4, the position of the armature 103 at the armature stop 150 allows the locking means 106 to engage in a spring-loaded engagement 114. In the retracted position S5 ( Fig. 3), however, the armature 103 is held stably and permanently magnetically in the second position of the bistable solenoid. The travel position P2 is established because, in the retracted position S5, the armature 103 has moved the armature rod 104 via the armature stop 150 such that the locking means 106 engages the outer engagement point 114—the rotatable component 112 can rotate freely.

[0074] The locking means 106 shown is adjustable between the locking position S1, the release position S2 and the neutral position S3. In the locking position S1 ( Fig. 2) it engages in one of the engagements 114 to prevent rotation of the rotatable component 112 in the first direction of rotation D1. A rotation of the rotatable component 112 in the second direction of rotation D2 leads to the release position S2 ( Fig. 4). In the release position S2, which occurs during the parking position P1 of the locking arrangement 100 and also during the extended position S4 of the armature 103, the locking means 106 is disengaged from the corresponding engagement 114 to release rotation in the second direction of rotation D2 of the rotatable component 112 - retensioning can take place. In the neutral position S3 ( Fig. 3) the locking means 106 is distanced from the rotatable component 112 due to the adjustment of the armature into the retracted position S5.

[0075] The locking arrangement 100 is therefore designed such that the movement of the locking means 106 into the release position S2 against the spring force of the spring element 110 and the subsequent movement of the locking means 106 into the locking position S1 can occur while the armature 103 is stationary. Meanwhile, the armature remains in a stable position with the coil 116 de-energized.

[0076] The Fig. Figures 5 to 7 each show a locking arrangement 200 of a second embodiment in a longitudinal sectional view. The locking arrangement 200 is traversed by an axis A1. Fig. 5 shows a state in which the locking arrangement 200 is in its parking position P1, an electromagnet 202 or its armature 203 is in a retracted position S5 and a locking means 206 is in its locking position S1. Fig. 6 shows a state in which the locking arrangement 200 is in its travel position P2, the electromagnet 202 or its armature 203 is in an extended position S4 and the locking means 206 is in its neutral position S3. Fig. 7 resembles Fig. 5 and shows a state in which the locking arrangement 200 is in its parking position P1, the electromagnet 202 or its armature 203 is in the retracted position S5 and the locking means 206 is in its release position S2.

[0077] The locking assembly 200 comprises the electromagnet 202. In this case, it is configured as a bistable solenoid. The electromagnet 202 comprises a housing 205 and an energizable coil 216 wound on a coil former 218. The coil 216 comprises two coil packs 216a spaced apart in the direction of the axis A1, which enclose a ferromagnetic ring element 207. The electromagnet 202 further comprises the armature 203 and an armature rod 204, one end of which protrudes from the housing 205. The armature 203 is adjustable by energizing the coil 216. The armature 203 and the armature rod 204 are oriented concentrically to one another and are movable in the direction of the axis A1 or in the longitudinal direction within an armature chamber. The armature 203 has an axial bore that accommodates the armature rod 204.

[0078] The armature 203 and the armature rod 204 are firmly connected to one another. The armature 203 is mounted, for example, on the coil body 218 or an armature tube 256. The armature 203 can adjust the armature rod 204 to establish the locking position S1. The armature rod 204 comprises a guide housing 252 and an armature rod body 253. The guide housing 252 is arranged on one end of the armature rod body 253 and is movably guided on the armature rod body 253 in its longitudinal direction. The guide housing 252 has a bearing point in the form of a bearing pin 254 for the locking means 206. The bearing pin 254 can be oriented perpendicular to the axis A1 or the longitudinal axis. The guide housing 252 has a support surface 258 on the inner circumference for guiding the anchor rod body 253, wherein the support surface 258 is formed by an inwardly radially folded wall of the guide housing 252.

[0079] The anchor rod forms a guide housing stop 260. The guide housing stop 260 can limit an adjustment path of the guide housing 252.

[0080] By means of the guide housing stop 260, the guide housing 252 can therefore be limited in one of its adjustment directions (along the axis A1 in the direction of the electromagnet 202) and can be movable relative to the armature rod body in the opposite adjustment direction (distanced along the axis A1 with respect to the electromagnet 202) and can be positively coupled to the armature rod body 253. Should the armature 203 be electromagnetically moved from its Fig. 5 shown retracted position S5 into its Fig. 6, it takes the guide housing 252 along in its adjustment direction due to the forced coupling via the guide housing stop 260.

[0081] The locking assembly 200 also includes the rotatable component 212, which is depicted here as a gear. It is rotatable about an axis A2 in a first rotational direction D1 and an opposite second rotational direction D2. The rotatable component 212 is rotatable relative to the electromagnet 202 and is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis A2. The rotatable component 212 includes outer peripheral engagements 214 and teeth 215, each of which is arranged equidistant from one another and covers the entire circumference.

[0082] The locking arrangement 200 further comprises the locking means 206. The locking means 206 is designed as a one-piece pawl and is mounted so as to be movable relative to the anchor rod 204. The locking means 206 has an elongated hole 250 into which the bearing pin 254 engages. Thus, the locking means 206 is mounted on the guide housing 252 so as to be rotatable about the bearing pin 254 and displaceable along the elongated hole 250. At the other end, the locking means 206 is mounted on a pivot bearing 262. The locking means 206 has a tooth 264, a return surface 208, and a locking surface 209. The two surfaces 208, 209 are formed on the tooth 264 of the locking means 206 and arranged on opposite sides of the tooth 264. In the locking position S1, the locking means 206 engages in an engagement 214.

[0083] The return surface 208 is designed such that upon rotation of the rotatable component 212 in the second direction of rotation D2, this component 212 acts on the return surface 208 with an engagement 214 or tooth 212 to move the locking means 206 into the release position S2 against the force of a spring element 210. The action of the rotatable component 212 upon rotation in the second direction of rotation D2 on the return surface 208 results in the locking means 206, but not the armature rod body 253, and not the armature 203, being adjusted in the direction of the axis A1.

[0084] The locking surface 209 is designed such that upon rotation of the rotatable component 212 in the first direction of rotation D1, this component 212 acts with an engagement 214 or tooth 212 on the locking surface 209 and is prevented from rotating in this first direction of rotation D1.

[0085] The anchor rod 204 is kinematically coupled to the locking means 206 such that a linear adjustment of the anchor rod 204 leads to a rotation of the locking means 206.

[0086] The locking arrangement 200 also includes a spring element 210, which is depicted here as a helical compression spring. The spring element 210 is supported at one end on the guide housing 252 and at the other end on the anchor rod body 253. The spring element 210 biases the locking means 206 into its locking position S1 and allows the locking means 206 to return to its release position S2 against the spring force of the spring element 210. The spring element 210 is arranged on the outer circumference of the anchor rod body 253 and within the guide housing 252.

[0087] The locking arrangement 200 shown is adjustable between the parking position P1 and the driving position P2 by adjusting the armature 203. In the parking position P1 ( Fig. 5 and Fig. 7) a motor vehicle is parked and prevented from rolling away, because the locking means 206 engages in the rotatable component 212 in a rotation-preventing manner (prevents rotation in the first direction of rotation D1). In the driving position P2 ( Fig. 6) the motor vehicle can drive, because the locking means 206 is distanced from the rotatable component 212 due to the corresponding adjustment of the armature 203.

[0088] The armature 203 shown can be adjusted between the extended position S4 and the retracted position S5 by energizing the coil 216. In the retracted position S5 ( Fig. 5 and Fig. 7), the armature 203 is held firmly and permanently magnetically. The parking position P1 is given because in the retracted position S5, the positions of the armature 203 and the armature rod 204 allow the locking means 206 to engage, spring-loaded, in a recess 214. In the extended position S4 ( Fig. 6), however, the armature 203 is held stably and permanently magnetically in the second position of the bistable solenoid. The travel position P2 is achieved because, in the extended position S4, the armature 203 has moved the guide housing 252 such that the locking means 206 engages the outer engagement 214—the rotatable component 212 can rotate freely.

[0089] The locking means 206 shown is adjustable between the locking position S1, the release position S2 and the neutral position S3. In the locking position S1 ( Fig. 5) it engages in one of the engagements 214 to prevent rotation of the rotatable component 212 in the first direction of rotation D1. A rotation of the rotatable component 212 in the second direction of rotation D2 leads to the release position S2 ( Fig. 7). In the release position S2, which occurs during the parking position P1 of the locking arrangement 200 and also during the retracted position S5 of the armature 203, the locking means 206 is disengaged from the corresponding engagement 214 to release rotation in the second rotational direction D2 of the rotatable component 212 - retensioning can take place. In the neutral position S3 ( Fig. 7) the locking means 206 is distanced from the rotatable component 212 due to the adjustment of the armature 203 into the extended position S4.

[0090] The locking arrangement 200 is therefore designed such that the movement of the locking means 206 into the release position S2 against the spring force of the spring element 210 and the subsequent movement of the locking means 206 into the locking position S1 can occur while the armature 203 is stationary. Meanwhile, the armature 203 remains in a stable position with the coil 216 de-energized.

[0091] The Fig. Figures 8 to 10 each show a locking arrangement 300 of a third embodiment in a longitudinal sectional view. The locking arrangement 300 is traversed by an axis A1. Fig. 8 shows a state in which the locking arrangement 300 is in its parking position P1, an electromagnet 302 or its armature 303 is in an extended position S4 and a locking means 306 is in its locking position S1. Fig. 9 shows a state in which the locking arrangement 300 is in its travel position P2, the electromagnet 302 or its armature 303 is in a retracted position S5 and the locking means 306 is in its neutral position S3. Fig. 10 resembles Fig. 8 and shows a state in which the locking arrangement 300 is in its parking position P1, the electromagnet 302 or its armature 303 is in an extended position S4 and a locking means 306 is in its release position S2.

[0092] The locking arrangement 300 comprises the electromagnet 302. In this case, it is configured as a bistable solenoid. The electromagnet 302 comprises a housing 305 and an energizable coil 316 wound on a coil former 318. The coil 316 comprises two coil packs 316a spaced apart in the direction of the axis A1, which enclose a ferromagnetic ring element 307. The electromagnet 302 further comprises the armature 303 and an armature rod 304, one end of which protrudes from the housing 305. The armature 303 is adjustable by energizing the coil 316. The armature 303 and the armature rod 304 are oriented concentrically to one another and are movable in the direction of the axis A1 or in the longitudinal direction within an armature chamber. The armature 303 has an axial bore that accommodates the armature rod 304.

[0093] The armature 303 and the armature rod 304 are firmly connected to one another. The armature 303 is mounted, for example, on the coil body 318 or an armature tube 356. The armature 303 can adjust the armature rod 304 to establish the locking position S1. The armature rod 304 comprises a guide element 352 and an armature rod body 353. The guide element 352 is arranged at one end of the armature rod body 353 and firmly connected to the armature rod body 353. The guide element 352 has a bearing point in the form of a bearing pin 354 for the locking means 306. The bearing pin 354 can be oriented perpendicular to the axis A1 or the longitudinal axis.

[0094] The locking assembly 300 also includes the rotatable component 312, which is depicted here as a gear. It is rotatable about an axis A2 in a first rotational direction D1 and an opposite second rotational direction D2. The rotatable component 312 is rotatable relative to the electromagnet 302 and is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis A2. The rotatable component 312 includes outer peripheral engagements 314 and teeth 315, each of which is arranged equidistant from one another and covers the entire circumference.

[0095] The locking arrangement 300 further comprises the locking means 306. The locking means 306 is designed as a multi-part pawl and is mounted so as to be movable relative to the anchor rod 304. The multi-part pawl comprises two pawl parts 306a, 306b, which are arranged so as to be movable relative to and against one another about a pivot point 306c. The locking means 306 has an elongated hole 350 on a pawl part 306a, into which the bearing pin 354 engages. Thus, the locking means 306 is mounted on the guide element 352 so as to be rotatable about the bearing pin 354 and displaceable along the elongated hole 350. At the other end, the locking means 306 is mounted on a pivot bearing 362. The locking means 306 has a tooth 364, a return surface 308, and a locking surface 309. The two surfaces 308, 309 are formed on the tooth 364 of the locking means 306 and are arranged on opposite sides of the tooth 364. In the locking position S1, the locking means 306 engages in a recess 314.

[0096] The return surface 308 is designed such that upon rotation of the rotatable component 312 in the second rotational direction D2, this component 312 acts on the return surface 308 with an engagement 314 or tooth 312 in order to move the locking means 306 into the release position S2 against the force of a spring element 310. The action of the rotatable component 312 upon rotation in the second rotational direction D2 on the return surface 308 results in the two pawl parts 306a, 306b of the locking means 306 rotating relative to one another about the pivot point 306c, but neither the armature rod 304 nor the armature 303 being adjusted in the direction of the axis A1.

[0097] The locking surface 309 is designed such that upon rotation of the rotatable component 312 in the first direction of rotation D1, this component 312 acts with an engagement 314 or tooth 312 on the locking surface 309 and is prevented from rotating in this first direction of rotation D1.

[0098] One of the latch parts 306a, 306b has a latch part stop 360 for the other of the latch parts 306a, 306b. The latch part stop 360 can limit an adjustment path of the other of the latch parts 306a, 306b.

[0099] By means of the pawl stop 360, the pawl part 306b without the pawl stop 360 can therefore be limited in one of its adjustment directions (around the pivot point 306c with the spring force of a spring 310) and can be moved in the opposite adjustment direction (around the pivot point 306c against the spring force of the spring 310) relative to the armature rod 304 and the armature 303 and can be positively coupled to the pawl part 306a with the pawl stop 360. If the armature 303 is electromagnetically moved from its Fig. 6 shown extended position S4 into its Fig. 9, it takes both pawl parts 306a, 306b of the locking means 306 in its adjustment direction due to the forced coupling via the guide element 352.

[0100] The anchor rod 304 is kinematically coupled to the locking means 306 such that a linear adjustment of the anchor rod 304 leads to a rotation of the locking means 306.

[0101] The locking arrangement 300 also includes the spring element 310, which is depicted here as a leg spring. The spring element 310 rests at one end on one of the latch parts 306a, 306b and at the other end on the other of the latch parts 306a, 306b. The spring element 310 preloads the locking means 306 into its locking position S1 and allows the locking means 306 to return to its release position S2 against the spring force of the spring element 310. The spring element 310 also preloads the latch part 306b without the latch part stop 360 against the latch part stop 360 on the other latch part 306b.

[0102] The locking arrangement 300 shown is adjustable between the parking position P1 and the driving position P2 by adjusting the armature 303. In the parking position P1 ( Fig. 8 and Fig. 10), a motor vehicle is parked and prevented from rolling away, because the locking means 306 engages in the rotatable component 312 in a rotation-preventing manner (prevents rotation in the first direction of rotation D1). In the driving position P2 ( Fig. 9) the motor vehicle can drive, because the locking means 306 is distanced from the rotatable component 312 due to the corresponding adjustment of the armature 303.

[0103] The armature 303 shown can be adjusted between the extended position S4 and the retracted position S5 by energizing the coil 316. In the extended position S4 ( Fig. 8 and Fig. 10), the armature 303 is held firmly and permanently magnetically. The parking position P1 is achieved because in the extended position S4, the positions of the armature 303 and the armature rod 304 allow the pawl parts 306a, 306b of the locking means 306 to abut against each other in a spring-loaded manner and the tooth 364 of the locking means 306 to engage in an engagement 314. In the retracted position S5 ( Fig. 9), however, the armature 303 is held stably and permanently magnetically in the second position of the bistable solenoid. The travel position P2 is established because, in the retracted position S5, the armature 303 has moved the guide element 352 such that the locking means 306 engages the outer engagement 314—the rotatable component 312 can rotate freely.

[0104] The locking means 306 shown is adjustable between the locking position S1, the release position S2 and the neutral position S3. In the locking position S1 ( Fig. 8) it engages in one of the engagements 314 to prevent rotation of the rotatable component 312 in the first direction of rotation D1. A rotation of the rotatable component 312 in the second direction of rotation D2 leads to the release position S2 ( Fig. 10). In the release position S2, which occurs during the parking position P1 of the locking arrangement 300 and also during the extended position S4 of the armature 303, the locking means 306 is disengaged from the corresponding engagement 314 to release rotation in the second direction of rotation D2 of the rotatable component 312 - retensioning can take place. In the neutral position S3 ( Fig. 9) the locking means 306 is distanced from the rotatable component 312 due to the adjustment of the armature 303 into the retracted position S5.

[0105] The locking arrangement 300 is therefore designed such that the movement of the locking means 306 into the release position S2 against the spring force of the spring element 310 and the subsequent movement of the locking means 306 into the locking position S1 can occur while the armature 303 is stationary. Meanwhile, the armature 303 remains in a stable position with the coil 316 de-energized.

[0106] The Fig. 11 shows a locking arrangement 400 of the fourth embodiment, which corresponds to the locking arrangement 100 of the first embodiment, shown in Fig. 2, except for the following description. To avoid repetition, only the differences or details not yet described will be explained below. In this case, a 400 series is used instead of the 100 series for reference numerals from the first version of the locking arrangement 100.

[0107] The locking arrangement 400 comprises a completely hollow anchor rod 404, which includes a first anchor rod part 404a and a second anchor rod part 404b. The two anchor rod parts 404a, 404b are inserted into one another and firmly connected to one another. Their interior spaces are fluidly connected to one another, for example, by means of a front-end hole 466 in one of the anchor rod parts 404a, 404b. One of the anchor rod parts 404a, 404b forms an outer peripheral flange on its front side, which defines the anchor stop 450. In the illustrated locking position S1, but also in the neutral position S3, the anchor stop 450 rests against the armature 403. The spring element 410 draws the anchor stop 450 toward the armature 403. The other anchor rod part 404a, 404b of the anchor rod parts 404a, 404b forms a diameter jump that defines a direct support 421. The spring element 410 is supported on the support 421.The present armature rod 404 replaces the support part with the direct support 421. The armature 403 is guided on the outer circumference of the coil body 418, whereby a coaxial decoupling to the armature rod 404 can be achieved.

[0108] The invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in a variety of ways. All features and advantages apparent from the claims, the description, and the drawings, including structural details, spatial arrangements, and method steps, may be essential to the invention both individually and in a wide variety of combinations.

[0109] The scope of the invention includes all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the claims and / or the figures.

[0110] To avoid repetition, features disclosed by the device should also be considered as disclosed by the method and claimable. Likewise, features disclosed by the method should also be considered as disclosed by the device and claimable. List of reference symbols 2 electromagnet 10 spring element 16 coil 100 locking arrangement 102 Electromagnet 103 anchors 104 anchor rod 105 housings 106 rest stops 107 Ring element 108 reserve area 109 Rest area 110 spring element 112 component 114 Intervention 115 teeth 116 coil 116a coil pack 118 coil bodies 120 support part 150 anchor stop 200 locking arrangement 202 Electromagnet 203 anchors 204 anchor rod 205 housings 206 rest stops 207 ring element 208 reserve area 209 Rest area 210 spring element 212 component 214 intervention 215 tooth 216 coil 216a coil pack 218 coil bodies 250 slot 252 guide housing 253 anchor rod body 254 Bearing mandrel 256 anchor tube 258 support surface 260 Guide housing stop 262 pivot bearings 264 tooth 300 locking arrangement 302 Electromagnet 303 anchors 304 anchor rod 305 housing 306 rest stops 306a Jack part 306b Jack part 306c Pivot point 307 ring element 308 reserve area 309 Rest area 310 spring element 312 component 314 intervention 315 tooth 316 coil 316a coil pack 318 coil body 350 slot 352 guide element 353 Anchor rod body 354 bearing mandrel 356 anchor tube 360 latch stop 362 pivot bearings 364 tooth 400 locking arrangement 402 Electromagnet 403 anchors 404 anchor rod 404a Anchor rod part 404b Anchor rod part 410 spring element 421 Support 450 anchor stop 466 holes A1 axis A2 axis B1 Investment basis B2 Investment basis D1 first direction of rotation D2 second direction of rotation P1 parking position P2 driving position PM permanent magnet S1 locking position S2 release position S3 Neutral position

Claims

[1] Electromagnet (2, 102, 202, 302) for a locking arrangement (100, 200, 300, 400), comprising - an armature (103, 203, 303) which can be fixed in at least one stable and permanently magnetic end position, - an anchor rod (104, 204, 304), - an optionally energizable coil (16, 116, 216, 316) for adjusting the armature (103, 203, 303), - a spring element (10, 110, 210, 310) which ◯ rests at one end on a first investment base (B1), and ◯ at the other end is supported on a second base (B2) which is mounted so as to be relatively movable relative to the first base (B1), ◯ so that the second contact base (B2) is movable relative to the armature (103, 203, 303) and / or the armature rod (104, 204, 304) when the coil (16, 116, 216, 316) is de-energized and / or when the armature (103, 203, 303) is in a stable and permanently magnetic end position. [2] Locking arrangement (100, 200, 300), comprising - an electromagnet (2, 102, 202, 302) with armature (103, 203, 303) and armature rod (104, 204, 304), - a component (112, 212, 312) with circumferential engagements (114, 214, 314) which is rotatable about an axis (A) in a first direction of rotation (D1) and an opposite second direction of rotation (D2), - a locking means (106, 206, 306) with a return surface (108, 208, 308) which is connected to the anchor rod (104, 204, 304), and between ◯ a locking position (S1) in which it engages in one of the engagements (114, 214, 314) to prevent rotation in the first direction of rotation (D1) of the rotatable component (112, 212, 312), and ◯ a release position (S2) is adjustable, in which it is disengaged from the one engagement (114, 214, 314) of the engagements (114, 214, 314) to release a rotation in the second direction of rotation (D2) of the rotatable component (112, 212, 312), - a spring element (110, 210, 310) which preloads the locking means (106, 206, 306) into the locking position (S1) and allows the locking means (106, 206, 306) to be returned to the release position (S2), - wherein the rotatable component (112, 212, 312) can act on the return surface (108, 208, 308) when rotating in the second direction of rotation (D2) in order to move the locking means (106, 206, 306) into the release position (S2) against the spring force of the spring element (110, 210, 310). [3] Locking arrangement (100) according to claim 2, characterized by that the locking means (106) is firmly connected to the anchor rod (104). [4] Locking arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the anchor (103) is mounted relatively movable with respect to the anchor rod (104). [5] Locking arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the anchor rod (104) has or forms an anchor stop (150) with which it can strike the anchor (103). [6] Locking arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the spring element (110) is a helical spring which is supported at one end on the anchor (103) and at the other end directly on the anchor rod (104) or on a support part firmly connected to the anchor rod (104). [7] Locking arrangement (200) according to claim 2, characterized bythat the locking means (206) is a one-piece pawl and / or is mounted at one end so as to be relatively movable with respect to the anchor rod (204), preferably via an elongated hole (250), and / or is mounted rotatably at the other end. [8] Locking arrangement (200) according to claim 7, characterized by that the anchor rod (204) comprises a guide housing (252) which is movably guided on an anchor rod body and has a bearing point, preferably a bearing mandrel (254), for the locking means (206). [9] Locking arrangement (300) according to claim 2, characterized by that the locking means (306) is a multi-part pawl and / or is mounted at one end so as to be relatively movable with respect to the anchor rod (304), preferably via an elongated hole (350), and / or is mounted rotatably at the other end. [10] Locking arrangement (300) according to claim 9, characterized bythat the anchor rod (304) comprises a guide element (352) which is firmly connected to the anchor rod (304) and has a bearing point, preferably a bearing mandrel (354), for the locking means (306).

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