MAGNETIC MOTOR

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a magnetic gear with at least two magnets.

[0002] The prior art is essentially known from US 2011 / 0001381. Although the hybrid magnet motor described therein also utilizes the above-mentioned effect, it neither anticipates nor suggests the invention described below.

[0003] This prior art is also discussed in more detail in WO 2015 / 029782. This device comprises at least two magnets, at least one rotor that can be moved along at least one linear axis, and at least one stationary stator. By reversing the polarity of at least one magnet, a linear movement is generated in the movable rotor, which can be converted into rotation.

[0004] Based on these findings, the invention aims to create a magnetic gear that uses magnetic fields.

[0005] The magnetic gear according to the invention corresponds to the characterizing features of patent claim 1. Further advantageous developments of the inventive concept are evident from the dependent patent claims.

[0006] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Fig. 1 - 3 show magnet pairings in three different positions; Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a part of the magnetic gear according to the invention having a first magnet; Fig. 5 shows, also in a schematic view, the part of this magnetic gear having a second magnet; Fig. 6 - 9 each show a plan view of das Magnetic gear according to Fig. 4 und 5 in different positions; Fig. 10 and 11 show a side view and a top view of the magnetic gear according to the Fig. 6 - 9 ; Fig. 12 - 15 each show a detailed section of the magnetic gear according to the Fig. 10 und 11 in section; Fig. 16 shows the functional sequence of the magnetic gear according to the invention; Fig. 17 shows the functional sequence of a further embodiment.

[0007] The magnetic gear has at least one magnet pairing with at least two magnets 1 and 2, or at least one drive element with such a magnet pairing. Fig. 1 - 3 As an example, the preferred arrangement is shown, wherein the magnets 1 and 2 are arranged parallel to each other and at least one of the two magnets 1 is rotatable about an axis X. The magnets 1 and 2 are aligned parallel to each other in such a way that both magnetic poles S and N of both magnets 1 and 2 act on each other. By said rotation according to Fig. 2 The position of the two magnets 1 and 2 can be changed in such a way that either, as can be seen from Fig. 1 As can be seen, the magnetic poles S / N and N / S or, as Fig. 3 The magnetic poles S / S and N / N are located next to each other. In the first position after Fig. 1 There is a magnetic attraction between the two magnets 1 and 2. In the second position after Fig. 3 The two magnets 1 and 2, however, repel each other. Rotation can thus cause alternating attraction or repulsion. This attraction or repulsion occurs in the longitudinal direction of the described and illustrated axis X, which forms the axis of rotation. Theoretically, a different arrangement of the two magnets and their polarity would, of course, also be conceivable, provided the described effect of repulsion and attraction results.

[0008] The aforementioned principle, which results in a lifting movement, forms the basis of the magnetic gear described below.

[0009] Fig. 4 shows a first part of the magnetic gear, where the first magnet 1, which is not visible here, is held in a first magnet holder 3, is rotated. This can be achieved, for example, by the first magnet holder 3 having a gear ring 5 on its circumference 4, which is driven by a drive pinion 6, either directly or via a chain or V-belt 7. The drive pinion can, for example, be connected to the shaft of an electric motor.

[0010] Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a second part of the magnetic gear. Namely, the part in which the lifting movement is converted into a rotating drive movement. The latter can be used in a variety of ways, as is also known from other gears. The second magnet 2 is located in a Fig. 5 a second magnet holder 8 (not visible) is arranged. The second magnet holder 8 is displaceable along said axis X in a guide 9, designed in this example as a piston, so that the lifting movement can be carried out. The lifting movement is in turn transmitted to a crank drive with a connecting rod 10, whose translational movement is passed on to a wheel 11. The latter can drive a crankshaft 12. The wheel 11 could also be referred to as part of this crankshaft 12. The crankshaft 12 can be mounted on a bearing element 13. The other components, which are less clearly visible here, will be discussed later.

[0011] The Fig. 6 - 9 show a top view of the magnetic gear with its two parts, in particular the first magnet holder 3, which accommodates the first, rotatable magnet 1, and the second magnet holder 8, with the second magnet 2, which is located in the guide 9, which is designed here as a piston. The only difference between the Fig. 6 - 9 is the respective position of the magnet holder 8 and the connecting rod 10 connected to it, which moves at the end opposite the magnet holder 8 over the circumference of the rotating wheel 11. The Fig. 6 Magnets 1 and 2, marked by dashed lines, are intended only to indicate their location. This illustration is neither definitive nor definitive for their exact position, shape, or size. In this embodiment, magnets 1 and 2 will generally always be spaced apart from each other, even if their distance changes during operation.

[0012] A special feature is Fig. 6 in the connection between the connecting rod 10 and the wheel 11. This is achieved in such a way that the connecting rod 10 is not, as is usual with a crank drive, immovably attached to a single point on the circumference of the wheel 11. Rather, this connection is designed such that the connecting rod 10 only transmits its drive movement to the wheel 11 in at least one specific area 20 of the wheel 11. For this purpose, a connecting device 14 is provided, which is designed such that the force connection between the connecting rod 10 and the wheel 11 is regularly disengaged and re-engaged during the rotation of the wheel 11. It is sensible and provided in the present embodiment for power transmission in two areas 20, thus this engagement will take place in two approximately opposite areas 20 of the wheel circumference, or rather the wheel rotation, as will be explained later. As can be seen from Fig. 6 As can be seen, the two areas 20 are located approximately on both sides of the axis X of the stroke movement of the magnetic gear. These areas 20 each extend over approximately 1 / 6 of the 360° circumference of the wheel 11. In the variant according to Fig. 6 For example, it is 62.5 degrees.

[0013] In the present embodiment, engagement is achieved by at least one pin-like bolt 15 arranged on the wheel 11, which engages with at least one detent 16 of the connecting rod 10 and can be released from this again. The detent 16 can be a bore, which in turn is arranged in a groove-like guide, for example, so that the bolt 15 runs outside the areas 20 in this guide, thus guiding the connecting rod 10, albeit without force but securely, following the rotation of the wheel 11.

[0014] The design with the bolt 15 on the wheel 11 is technically the most sensible. However, it should be noted that theoretically, the bolt 15 could be arranged in reverse on the connecting rod 10 and the respective detents 16 on the wheel 11.

[0015] To explain this area of ​​the magnetic gear, we first refer to Fig. 10 which shows a side view of the magnetic gear. Fig. 11 shows the same area with a different position of the crank mechanism. Fig. 12 shows a section along the line A - A in Fig. 10 and the Fig. 13 a section along the line B - B in Fig. 11 . You can see the bearing of the wheel 11 and in particular the bolt 15 arranged on it, which is in the position according to Fig. 12 engages the locking mechanism 16 of the connecting rod 10. Fig. 13 shows the backdrop in cross section, outside the locking area.

[0016] The enlarged details Y and Z are the Fig. 14 und 15 The bolt 15 is guided on a track located beneath the wheel 11. For example, on a cam plate 17 by means of a deep groove ball bearing 18. Furthermore, the bolt 15 is provided with at least one spring 19, which presses it into and / or out of the detent 16. The bolt 15 can thus, in cooperation with the detent 16, be mechanically engaged and disengaged in the form of a lifting movement. The head of the bolt 15 is mechanically lifted out of the detent 16 again at the end of the respective area 20. It should be added here that the lifting movement of the bolt 15 could alternatively be actuated pneumatically by means of a corresponding cylinder. As a third variant, an electrically actuated stroke by means of a magnetic cylinder would also be conceivable.

[0017] The purpose and function of the regular uncoupling and re-coupling of the connecting device 14, for example the bolt 15 and the locking mechanism 16, is Fig. 16 As mentioned at the beginning, the magnetic gear can have a plurality of magnet pairs with at least two magnets each. Fig. 16 not only explains the motion sequence of the magnetic gear. One could also imagine a magnetic gear that has a series of magnet pairs. This means that the letters A - K can be considered as movement positions. On the other hand, in this example, there could also be ten drive elements connected in series. As with the Fig. 6 - 9 , only the two magnet holders 3 and magnet holder 8 of the respective drive element are visible here, as well as of course the respective connecting rod 10 and the respective wheel 11.

[0018] If you Fig. 16 Viewed as a diagram of a magnetic gear with ten drive elements or magnet pairs, these are arranged offset from one another in such a way that, in this snapshot of the movement sequence, wheel 11 assumes a different rotational position, offset from that of the adjacent drive elements. Of course, other variants are also conceivable, in which groups of drive elements with a common rotational position are present. In the latter case, there would be two, three, or more drive elements, each running synchronously with respect to the rotational position of wheel 11. Numerous combinations are possible.

[0019] Back to the movement positions A - K. In the illustration after Fig. 16 The wheels 11 of the crankshafts of the magnetic gear rotate counterclockwise. The areas 20 of the power transmission from the connecting rod 10 to the wheel 11 are in Fig. 16 each identified as dark circular sectors. In movement position A, the connecting device 14 engages or couples and the wheel 11 is turned clockwise by the connecting rod 10 by pulling. This pulling continues in movement positions B and C. In movement position D, the connecting device 14 is unhooked or disengaged again. The connecting rod 10 continues to rotate without transferring any drive energy to wheel 11 and passes movement position E in this first rest phase. Only in movement position F does the connecting device 14 engage again and the wheel 11 is turned clockwise by the connecting rod 10, this time no longer by pulling, but by pushing. This pushing continues in movement positions G and H. In movement position J, the connecting device 14 is disengaged again.Connecting rod 10 continues to rotate without transmitting drive energy to wheel 11 and, in this second rest phase, passes movement position K. At the end of the second rest phase, the rotation of wheel 11 continues, with connecting device 14 re-engaging at movement position A and pulling wheel 11. This movement sequence repeats continuously.

[0020] Out of Fig. 16 It becomes clear that the aforementioned areas 20, in which a drive effect is achieved, are located laterally on the wheel 11 in the connecting rod's longitudinal direction. This means that they are located where the greatest force is exerted on the wheel 11 by the pulling or pushing connecting rod 10. In the remaining areas, namely during the rest phases according to the movement positions E and K, the connecting rod 10 is decoupled from the wheel 11 to such an extent that only the smallest possible friction losses occur. However, the connecting rod 10 is also connected to the wheel during the rest phases, albeit disengaged in such a way that no drive effect is achieved.

[0021] For example, motion sections A-D can occur within a total period of 2 seconds. The same applies to motion sections F-J. The two rest phases, corresponding to motion sections E and K, can last 1-2 seconds, for example. This results in a rotation approximately every 6-8 seconds. In this series arrangement, the wheels 11 can be provided with a gear rim, with a chain 21 or a V-belt running across all wheels 11 transmitting their rotation to a single drive shaft 22. If this rotational force is to be used to generate electrical energy, this can be the drive shaft 22 of a dynamo.

[0022] According to Fig. 17 the arrangement can be Fig. 16 can also be supplemented by a second, mirror-image row of drive elements or magnet pairings. In this example, two drive shafts 22 or dynamos are driven. Here, too, the number of drive elements or magnet pairings can be freely selected. The rotating magnets, or their magnet holders 3, are located inside, and the magnets performing a lifting movement, or their magnet holders 3, are located outside. The functional sequence corresponding to the movement positions A - K is the same as that according to Fig. 16 .

[0023] A special feature of the execution according to Fig. 17 is that the two mirror-image magnet holders 3 of the rotating magnets 1 can be driven together, for example via a common gear ring 5. The drive in this regard otherwise corresponds to that of Fig. 4 , it therefore does not need to be explained again.

[0024] For execution according to Fig. 17 It should also be noted that the distance shown in the diagram between the respective first magnet holders 3 supporting the first rotating magnet 1 may be different than shown. Selecting the optimal distance can improve the function of the magnetic gear. It is also conceivable to make the respective distance between the first magnet holders 3 variable, which can be achieved technically easily using a linear guide.

[0025] Of course, it is within the scope of the invention according to patent claim 1 to design the individual components of the magnetic gear differently than shown.

[0026] This particularly applies to the shape, arrangement, alignment and magnetization of magnets 1 and 2. It is possible, for example, to arrange magnets 1 and 2 differently than shown, i.e. not at right angles, but at a different angle to the X axis. This can be done in the design according to Fig. 17 This can be particularly useful with regard to the first magnets 1 and / or first magnet holders 3. It is also possible to arrange more than one magnet 1 and / or 2 per magnet holder 3 and / or 8. With a plurality of magnets 1 and / or 2, these can also be arranged differently and / or aligned differently and / or magnetized with different strengths. The latter can refer to the magnets 1 and / or 2 of a respective drive element or to the magnets of a respective row of drive elements of the magnetic gear.

Claims

1. Magnetic gear unit having at least two magnets (1, 2), characterized in that at least one first magnet (1) is arranged such that it can rotate about an axis (X) and at least one second magnet (2) is arranged in a displaceable manner along an axis, in such a way that the distance between the at least two magnets (1, 2) can be changed, wherein owing to said rotation, the position of the magnet poles S and N of the first magnet (1) changes in relation to the second magnet (2), as a result of which this second magnet (2) can be set into a repetitive reciprocating movement by attraction and repulsion and wherein the at least one second magnet (2), which can be displaced along an axis (X), interacts with a connecting rod (10) of a crank drive, whereby the translatory movement thereof is transferable to a wheel (11), characterized in that the connecting rod (10) and the wheel (11) are connected to a connecting device (14) that can be engaged and disengaged, in such a way that a drive-effective frictional connection between the connecting rod (10) and the wheel (11) takes place only in at least one predetermined region (20) and thus the drive force can only be transmitted from the connecting rod (10) to the wheel (11) in the corresponding, at least one region (20).

2. Magnetic gear unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the axis (X), in which the first magnet (1) can be rotated, is the same axis (X) in which the second magnet (2) can be displaced.

3. Magnetic gear unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least two magnets (1, 2) are arranged parallel to each other at an adjustable distance apart, wherein the position of the two magnets (1, 2) relative to each other can be changed by the said rotation of the first magnet (1), such that either the magnetic poles S / N and N / S of the two magnets (1, 2) or the magnetic poles S / S and N / N of the two magnets (1, 2) are adjacent to each other.

4. Magnetic gear unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the at least two magnets (1, 2) is aligned at an angle that is between the alignment of the axis (X) in which the first magnet (1) can be rotated and a right angle to this axis (X).

5. Magnetic gear unit according to any one of Claims 1 - 4, characterized in that at least one first magnet (1) is mounted in a first, rotatable magnet holder (3) and at least one second magnet (2) is mounted in a second magnet holder (8), which can be displaced linearly along a guide (9) in said axis (X).

6. Magnetic gear unit according to any one of Claims 1 - 5, characterized in that the connecting rod (10), the wheel (11) and / or the connecting device (14) are designed in such a way that a drive-effective frictional connection between the connecting rod (10) and the wheel (11) takes place in two regions (20) of the wheel revolution which are situated approximately opposite one another, as a result of which the wheel (11) can be alternately pulled or pushed by the connecting rod (10) in these regions (20).

7. Magnetic gear unit according to Claim 6, characterized in that the two regions (20) of the frictional connection are located approximately on both sides of the axis (X) of the reciprocating movement of the second magnet (2) of the magnetic gear unit.

8. Magnetic gear unit according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the two regions (20) of the frictional connection each extend over approximately 1 / 6 of the 360° circumference of the wheel (11).

9. Magnetic gear unit according to Claim 8, characterized in that the two regions (20) of the frictional connection each extend over 62.5 degrees of angle.

10. Magnetic gear unit according to any one of Claims 5 - 9, characterized in that the connecting device (14) has at least one bolt (15), which engages in at least one latching slot (16) and can be released from it again.

11. Magnetic gear unit according to Claim 10, characterized in that the connecting device (14) has a bolt (15) arranged on the wheel (11), which engages in at least one latching slot (16) of the connecting rod (10) and can be released from it again.

12. Magnetic gear unit according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the latching slot (16), for example a drilled hole, is arranged in a connecting link, so that outside the regions (20) of the frictional connection in which it engages in the latching slot (16), the bolt (15) is guided in this connecting link.

13. Magnetic gear unit according to any one of claims 10 - 12, characterized in that the bolt (15) is guided on a track located below the wheel (11).

14. Magnetic gear unit according to Claim 13, characterized in that the bolt (15) is guided on a cam plate (17) by means of a grooved ball bearing (18).

15. Magnetic gear unit according to any one of Claims 10 - 14, characterized in that the bolt (15) is provided with a spring (19) by means of which the bolt can be pressed into and / or lifted out of the latching slot (16).

16. Magnetic gear unit according to any one of Claims 10 - 14, characterized in that the bolt (15) is connected to a cylinder, by means of which the bolt can be pressed into and / or lifted out of the latching slot (16) pneumatically.

17. Magnetic gear unit according to any one of Claims 10 - 14, characterized in that the bolt (15) is connected to a cylinder, by means of which the bolt can be pressed into and / or lifted out of the latching slot (16) electromagnetically.