Automatic micro candle beating machine

Abstract

Nowadays, the use of micropiles for the improvement of civil structures in earthquake-prone countries such as Iran is important and vital. The automatic micropiles hammering machine is a self-operated machine for applying automatic blows for installing micropiles, which includes a main chassis mounted on a steering drive wheel and movable wheels on which the mast, hammer assembly, control panel, power source and other parts are placed. The hammer assembly moves upwards with a sliding connection on the mast by the force of a hydraulic jack and the micropiles are placed under it. The hammer assembly consists of a chain mechanism, hammer frame, weight, and mandrel. With the movement of the chain by the hydraulic motor, the engaging roller installed between the chains hits the tab on the weight and lifts the weight into the hammer frame. When the roller reaches the highest point and turns to move downwards, the connection between the roller and the tab on the weight is severed. The weight falls on the mandrel based on the force of gravity and hits the micro-pin, and this working cycle is repeated automatically. This device is capable of working in small environments where heavy pile drivers cannot work. Compared to conventional devices, due to the automatic, timed blows with a precise course of lifting the hammer weight and the self-steering of the device with a hydraulic steering with the ability to rotate 180 degrees controlled by remote control, it provides easier use, greater freedom of action, and less fatigue for the operator, and has higher speed, accuracy, and work efficiency.

Description

Description of the invention Title of the invention Automatic microwaving machine Technical background of the relevant invention This invention is related to the field of micro-piling devices for soil improvement, as well as the construction of retaining walls by driving iron beams together to stabilize the excavation body and prevent it from falling into the pit for the construction of civil structures. Technical problem and stating the objectives of the invention Nowadays, it is very important to study and improve the structures under construction and existing structures in earthquake-prone countries, including Iran. Therefore, micropiles are used as an applied part in both structures under construction and existing structures for their seismic improvement. Micropiles are small-diameter piles that are used for foundation improvement. In most applications, micropiles behave as flexible frictional (floating) piles. Experimental evidence indicates that micropiles behave well under seismic loading due to their high flexibility. A guardrail or retaining wall is used to reinforce the walls of an excavation site and prevent the consequences of its collapse. Retaining walls increase the resistance of the soil to lateral pressure caused by abnormal slopes and are used in situations where the slope exceeds the angle of subsidence of the soil in that area, creating a level difference.For installing piles and driving beams side by side for the retaining wall, a pile driving machine is generally used because it occupies less space in small spaces and is less expensive than large drilling and pile driving machines. Currently, two types of pile driving machines are most commonly used in this field. The first type is a winch or manual rope pile driving machine, which has a low speed and safety due to the constant involvement of an operator with a rope and the possibility of the rope getting caught in the operator's body, and requires at least two operators to work inside the work environment. The second type is a hydraulic pile driving machine. The speed and safety of this machine are higher than the rope pile driving machine, and the driving work can be done by one operator. However, during work, the operator must constantly lift and release the hammer weight using the hydraulic valve so that the weight falls onto the micro-socket and the micro-socket sinks into the ground. He must be careful not to lift the weight too much, as the pipe or beam may be bent due to the excessive impact force.To move the device in the work environment, the user must manually pull it. The automatic pile driver is designed and manufactured as a self-propelled or vehicle to eliminate existing limitations in order to automate the driving process, increase the speed of work and the number of driving strokes, better control and supervision of the operator over the work, increase safety during work, and facilitate movement. A description of the state of the prior art and the history of developments related to the claimed invention. Currently, many pile-driving machines have been invented for the construction of piers, bridges, dams, deep foundations of buildings, and other structures. The most important pile-driving machines include diesel pile-driving machines, vibrating pile-driving machines, hydraulic pile-driving machines, and drilling machines. A diesel spark plug is a large two-stroke engine that consists of a heavy piston that moves inside the cylinder. When the spark plug is placed on the spark plug, the heavy piston is first lifted from the crane cabin with a wire rope and then released. As the piston descends into the cylinder chamber, the injector pump is activated by a lever and fuel is sprayed from the injector. The piston moves downwards due to its heavy weight and hits the piston pin, which also compresses and ignites the air-diesel fuel mixture. This combustion raises the weight of the piston, and as the piston rises, smoke is expelled and air is sucked in, and the piston falls back onto the piston pin due to the weight of the piston, and this cycle continues as long as the injector pump throttle is open. Diesel spark plugs do not work well on soft ground; Because the plug penetrates soft ground easily, the necessary pressure for combustion and the next cycle is not provided, and it also consumes fuel and causes more pollution than other methods. The vibrating pile driver has a heavy gearbox with at least two axles, each axle having an unbalanced and off-center weight. When the hydraulic motor connected to the drive shaft is turned on and these axles rotate, vibration is generated, and the direction of the vibration forces is the same as the pile axis. The pile is placed under the vibrating pile driver and penetrates the soil due to the heavy weight of the pile driver and the vibration created. Since the vibrating pile driver requires a large rotation for proper operation, it requires more engine power and is not suitable for use in areas with poor drainage quality, compacted soils where the foundations of nearby structures may be affected by vibrations caused by installation. A rotary drilling rig consists of a large drill rig mounted on a platform that is mounted on a sand-filled chassis. The drilling rig operates in a similar manner to oil rigs and can be equipped with a short auger (for dry soil), a bucket (for wet soil), or a rock drill. A hole is first drilled in the ground to the diameter of the pile, and the pile is then driven into the soil. This method is more suitable for large piles and is not suitable for micro piles. The hydraulic pile driver has a mast that is usually mounted on a sand-bearing chassis. On its mast, there is a basket-shaped chassis in which a weight of several tons is lifted by a hydraulic jack and, due to free fall, it impacts the pile. At the beginning of the work, the basket chassis is pulled up by another hydraulic jack so that the pile is placed under the basket part. In this system, at least two hydraulic jacks, shock absorbers and electric control valves, sensors and a control and command circuit are required for operation. In general, these devices are generally heavy and expensive and occupy a lot of space, which is mostly used for installing piles and is not suitable for installing micro-piles or working in infrastructures built for soil improvement. Using a free-fall rope hammer is one of the oldest methods for hammering micro-candles in Iran. This device consists of a pulley connected to a reduction gearbox that lifts the weight through a cotton rope that is wound several times on it. When the engine is turned on, the pulley of the gearbox starts moving. To lift, the user pulls the rope until the friction between the pulley and the rope increases and the force necessary to lift the weight to the desired height is provided. Also, by loosening the rope, the friction between the pulley and the rope decreases and the weight hits the steel tube of the micro-candle in free fall, causing it to penetrate into the soil. The rope or manual micro-candle beating machine has a low working speed and safety of the machine due to the operator's constant engagement with the cotton rope and the possibility of the rope getting caught in the operator's body. It is dangerous and requires at least two operators to work inside the work environment. In the patent number 139950140003001338 in 2010 by Mohammad Hadi Khanalipour Rudy and Javad Valai, a hydraulic micro-pile hammering device was disclosed, consisting of a main chassis mounted on wheels and a mast connected to it, inside which the weight is moved. With a hydraulic system through a hydraulic jack, a set of pulleys and a wire tow, lifting and releasing the weight and applying a free-fall impact to the micro-pile tube located inside the mast, for installing the micro-pile. While working with this device, the operator must constantly lift and release the hammer weight using a hydraulic valve so that the micro-pile sinks into the ground as a result of the weight falling on the micro-pile, and be careful not to lift the weight too much so that the micro-pile does not tilt. To move the device in the workplace, the operator must also do this manually by pulling the device. Providing a solution to an existing technical problem along with an accurate, sufficient, and integrated description of the invention The automatic micro-spark plugging machine is a self-propelled machine consisting of a main chassis (1) on which all parts are placed, and is moved and controlled via a remote control (35). The machine consists of a drive wheel (21) with steering capability at the front and two carrier wheels (31) at the back. Power is transmitted to the drive wheel (21) through hydraulic power. The traction required to move the machine is provided by applying appropriate torque to the drive wheel (21) using a hydromotor (22), a small sprocket (24), a chain (23) and a large sprocket (25). The drive wheel assembly itself has a main shaft (28), one end of which is mounted on the frame, which holds the hydromotor (22) and the drive wheel (21) at a suitable axial distance from each other and is also connected to the main chassis (1) through this shaft (28). The other end of the steering shaft (28) is connected to the steering arm (27) for turning the machine. The drive and steering wheel (21) of the machine have the ability to rotate 180 degrees. For this purpose, a four-bar mechanism was used.In the design of this mechanism, the steering arm (27), the short steering link arm (30), the long steering link arm (29) and the two fixed joints on the chassis (1) form the fourth rod of the four-bar mechanism. By applying force by the steering jack (26) to the end of the long steering link arm (29), the force is transferred to the steering arm (27) through the short steering link arm (30) and the steering axle (28) rotates (Figure 6). To maintain the stability and stability of the machine, the carrier wheels (31) were installed as far as possible at the rear end of the machine so that the center of gravity of the machine is located between the axles of the carrier wheels (31) and the drive and steering wheels (21) to increase safety while working with the machine. The mast (2) is connected to the main chassis (1) by a hinge connection, and a hydraulic jack (32) was used to raise it to the working position and lower it for transportation.The capacity of this hydraulic jack (32) and its location are of particular importance. Considering the center of gravity of all the parts assembled on the mast (2), there must be sufficient vertical force to lift it, and there must be sufficient horizontal force to hold it (2) at the end of the movement to the standing position so that it can be placed in its place smoothly, and there must be sufficient horizontal force to fold the mast (2) into the transport position. The hammer assembly (Figure 5) is mounted on the mast (2) with a sliding and sliding connection and moves upwards on the mast (2) by the hydraulic jack that lifts the hammer assembly (13) with the cable (15) and pulleys (14) and moves downwards by the force of the hammer assembly's own weight and by removing the force from the hydraulic jack that lifts the hammer assembly (13). The main parts of the hammer assembly (Figure 5) include the hammer frame (3), weight (4), cylinder (5), hydromotor (6), chain (7), drive sprocket (8), moving sprocket (9), weight lifting roller (10), shock and sound absorbing rubber (11), and hammer connection bolts (12).The distance between the drive sprocket (8) and the driven sprocket (9) determines the height of the lifting stroke of the weight (4). Using the hydraulic power generated by the electric motor with the rotation of the hydraulic pump, the hydromotor (6) is driven, which rotates the drive sprocket (8) and the chain (7). The sprockets (8) (9) are twin and are connected on their axis with a relative distance between them. Between the two rows of chains (7) that are placed on the twin sprockets (8) (9), a weight lifting roller (10) is installed, which, as it moves upwards, hits the tab on the weight (4) and lifts the weight (4). When the weight lifting roller (10) approaches the upper part of the drive sprocket (8) and turns to move downwards, the connection between the weight lifting roller (10) and the tab on the weight (4) is cut off and the weight (4) falls on the cylinder (5) based on the force of gravity, creating a striking force. This working cycle is repeated automatically in the working machine. Explanation of shapes, maps and diagrams Figure 1) This figure shows the front isometric view of the automatic micro-candle beating machine in a lying position. Figure 2) This figure shows an isometric view of the back of the automatic micro-candle beating machine in a lying position. Figure 3) This figure shows the isometric view of the back of the automatic micro-candle beating machine in operation. Figure 4) This figure shows the front isometric view of the automatic micro-candle beating machine in operation. Figure 5) This figure shows the side view of the hammer assembly mechanism of the automatic micro-candle striking machine. Figure 6) This figure shows an isometric view of the steering mechanism and drive wheel of the automatic micro-spark tapping machine in left-hand steering, straight-ahead steering, and right-hand steering modes. Figure 7) This figure shows the prototype of the automatic micro-candle beating device in transport mode. A clear and precise statement of the advantages of the claimed invention over prior inventions. 1- This device is capable of working in small environments where heavy pile installation devices cannot work. 2- This device is easier to use while working by creating automatic and continuous blows, providing greater freedom of action and less fatigue for the operator compared to conventional devices. 3- The precise and timed lifting stroke of the hammer weight increases the speed, accuracy, and efficiency of this device compared to conventional micro-wax hammering devices. 4- The self-driving nature of the device, which has a hydraulic steering wheel capable of rotating 180 degrees and is controlled by remote control, makes moving the device in the work environment easier and safer than conventional devices. 5- Having a pin to restrain the micro-candle during operation, compared to conventional devices, prevents the micro-candle from bending and also prevents the micro-candle from penetrating the soil crookedly. 6- Creating overhead by placing the percussion assembly on the micro-spark plug, compared to conventional devices, causes the micro-spark plug to penetrate and advance further during operation. 7- The main mast of this machine is less subject to wear and has greater durability compared to the hydraulic micro-candle hammering machine. 8- Using oil pumps with lower flow rates in this device compared to the hydraulic micro-candle hammering device reduces the temperature of the hydraulic oil during operation and requires a smaller cooler so that, with the same cooling system, the efficiency of the hydraulic system is higher in hot seasons and the critical temperature of the hydraulic oil does not reach. Description of at least one implementation method for implementing the invention To start the automatic micro-spark plugging machine in the workplace, first the electricity (single-phase or three-phase) required by the machine is supplied. By turning on the machine through the switch on the electrical panel (17), the machine's electric motor (17) starts working and the oil is circulated in the circuit by the hydraulic pump. The device is positioned on the micro-spark plug installation point via the remote control buttons (35) and the base jacks (33) are placed on the ground surface via the direction control valve on the device's user panel (34). Then, the mast (2) is placed in a vertical position via the same valve (34). In this case, if the piston (5) is correctly positioned on the micro-spark plug installation point, we retract the mast lifting jack (32) with the direction control valve (34) so ​​that the hammer assembly moves towards the top of the mast (2). Then, by placing the micro-spark plug (36) under the piston (5) and on the installation point, we lower the hammer assembly a little to hold the micro-spark plug.Then, by starting the hydraulic motor of the hammer assembly (6), the hammer weight (4) is automatically lifted into the hammer frame (3) and released onto the piston, striking the micro-plug and causing it to penetrate. Depending on geotechnical calculations, soil tests and structural load, the depth to which the micro-plug should be planted in the ground varies. After the first micro-plug is fully placed, subsequent micro-plugs are placed on it and then planted with the machine after welding. Explicit mention of the industrial application of the invention 1- For soil improvement and installation of micro piles in construction projects. 2- To create a guard structure using iron beams to reinforce the walls of the excavation site. 3- For installing and driving reinforced concrete beams. 4- For installing and hammering steel pipes, metal columns, and any similar application.

Claims

Complaint What is claimed: Claim 1) The automatic micro-pile driving device is used to install micro-pile in soil improvement projects. This device has a hammer that creates continuous and automatic blows, which itself is moved on the rig by a hydraulic jack until the micro-pile is placed under it and blows are applied to it. The hammer has a frame in which the weight is placed in the front part, which is movable inside, and in the back part there is a chain and sprocket mechanism, in which the upper part is a two-row drive sprocket and the lower part is a two-row movable sprocket, on which two rows of chains are mounted. Between the two rows of chains, the roller and the roller holding shaft are held by a felt bowl bolt and nut. The drive sprocket rotates by a hydromotor. As the chain moves, the roller hits a tooth on the weight and lifts the weight. After the weight reaches the top of the hammer frame, the connection between the roller and the tooth on the weight is severed due to the roller going around the drive sprocket, and the weight falls to the bottom of the frame based on the force of gravity, which causes an impact.This cycle repeats as long as the hydraulic motor rotates.

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