Rotating panel for aerodynamic sails on ships

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rotating panel [3] for the sail rig of a ship, the rotating panel [3] being equipped with one sail [2] of the rig and operating directly or indirectly with the sail. The rotating panel [3] includes a rotating device [4] that rotates the rotating panel [3] on a pivot axis along a support edge [31A]. The rotating device [4] is equipped with (i) at least one airbag [41A, 41B] and a control device for selectively inflating the air volume into each of the at least one airbag [41A, 41B], thereby inflating or deflating each airbag. This is to apply pressure to the support edge [31A] in order to control the rotation of the rotating panel [3].

Description

Technical Field

[0005] , ,

[0006]

[0001] In the present invention, the technology related to ship fitting, particularly to the sail fitting of a sailing ship using wind power as the driving force, is dealt with. More precisely, it is an invention related to a rotating panel.

Background Art

[0002] Regarding the technical aspect, it is known to use an expandable sail (hereinafter referred to as "inflatable sail") that can be expanded as a sail fitting of a ship using wind power. Such an inflatable sail consists of two membranes and has an aerodynamic profile (airfoil) similar to that of an aircraft wing. The known inflatable sail defines the boundary of a cavity between two walls, one forming the ventral surface and the other forming the dorsal surface. The inner cavity is inflated by super-pressurization to maintain the aerodynamic profile as an inflatable sail, and its bulge is maintained.

[0003] Thus, the inflatable sail is vertically supported by a single mast, which is located inside the cavity of the inflatable sail, that is, between the partitions formed by the two membranes. The air pressure system enables control of the amount of air injected into the known inflatable sail, so that the inflatable sail can be reliably super-pressurized.

[0004] The use of a rigid sail as a sail fitting of a sailing ship using wind power as the driving force is known. Such a rigid sail is similar to an inflatable sail, but does not maintain its shape by super-pressurization of the inner cavity. On the contrary, such a rigid sail has a support that serves as its backbone, and this support keeps the wall of the first membrane forming the ventral surface facing away from the wall of the second membrane forming the dorsal surface.

[0005] The disadvantage of such an inflatable sail or rigid sail is that the aerodynamic profile is static. That is, it is impossible to change the aerodynamic profile, and to adjust these known sails, one can only change the direction with respect to the wind or, when possible, partially lower these sails.

[0006] As a solution to such technical problems, it is known to use inflatable sails whose aerodynamic profile changes depending on the conditions. This change in the aerodynamic profile is due to changes in the shape of the internal cavity of the inflatable sail, such as changes in ultra-pressurized conditions. In particular, the document DE20114841U1, which describes the use of multiple pockets, is known, in which the internal cavity of the inflatable sail is partitioned by each pocket, and it is possible to change the aerodynamic profile of the inflatable sail according to the inflation state of these pockets. The disadvantages of this technical solution are that it is complex to implement and the variability of the aerodynamic profile change is low.

[0007] Document FR3008382A1 is also known. This document describes an inflatable sail consisting of a forward section that forms the leading edge and a rear section that forms the trailing edge, and it is possible to relatively orient the leading edge and trailing edge by rotating the inflatable sail around a vertical axis consisting of the mast. The disadvantage of this equipment configuration is that the axis of rotation of the trailing edge is constrained to the position of the sail's mast. In the practical example described in document FR3008382A1, the size of the trailing edge becomes unnecessarily large compared to the leading edge, which is not necessarily a desirable condition for a sailing ship that uses wind power for propulsion.

[0008] In short, the use of inflatable or rigid sails, which are symmetrical wings (aerodynamic profiles that are symmetrical both vertically and horizontally), is known. These inflatable sails are immutable symmetrical wings. Therefore, depending on atmospheric conditions, the direction of the sail can be determined simply by adjusting to the wind or reducing the sail's length. The disadvantage of these symmetrical sails is that the possibilities for adjustment are limited, resulting in reduced performance. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] German Utility Model No. 20114841 Specification [Patent Document 2] French Patent Application Publication No. 3008382 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0010] The present invention proposes a new rotating panel for the sails of a sailing ship that uses wind power for propulsion, aiming to address at least many of the above-mentioned problems and to offer other advantages.

[0011] Another objective of the present invention is to facilitate the use of this rotating panel regardless of the type of aerodynamic sail.

[0012] Another objective of the present invention is to facilitate the orientation determination of this rotating panel. Another objective of the present invention is to improve the performance of sails having a symmetrical airfoil (aerodynamic profile that is vertically symmetrical). [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] One of the features of this invention is that a rotating panel is provided on the sail rig of a ship to achieve at least one of the aforementioned objectives. The rotating panel is installed and is synchronized with the sails of the sail rig. The rotating panel is positioned along an extension axis between its front and rear edges, and the rotating panel is equipped with a rotating device corresponding to a rotating axis installed along the support edge of the rotating panel. This rotating device is equipped with the following:

[0014] - At least one expandable airbag for ships (hereinafter referred to as "airbag").

[0015] - Each of the airbags, of which there is at least one, has a control device for the amount of air injected into it.

[0016] In the present invention, the rotating panel is a panel designed to move in accordance with one sail of a sail rig, and the rotating panel can rotate around a rotation axis, preferably positioned parallel to the extension axis of the combined sail and the rotating panel. Thus, the rotating panel is an aerodynamic device that, depending on the inclination of the panel with respect to the wind, changes the lift of the sail of the sail rig to be combined with it around the rotation axis, adjusts how the wind is received, and optimizes the lift effect. This rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention is not limited in terms of size, shape, or installation method. In particular, the rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention may be a rigid sail or an inflatable sail.

[0017] In the present invention, it is particularly advantageous that the extension axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating panel. This extension axis corresponds, for example, to the maximum size of the rotating panel. In particular, the extension axis and rotation axis of the rotating panel are arranged vertically or substantially vertically in the normal use of a rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention.

[0018] In this invention, the front edge of the rotating panel is the leading edge. The leading edge of the rotating panel is the front part, and when the rotating panel is positioned in front of the sail to which it is assembled, the airflow into the rotating panel splits into two from that point. When the rotating panel is positioned behind the sail to which it is assembled, the leading edge of the rotating panel faces the trailing edge of the sail. The leading and trailing edges of the rotating panel are connected by both sides of the rotating panel. The rear edge of the rotating panel is the trailing edge. The trailing edge is on the opposite side of the leading edge.

[0019] In this invention, the rotating device is designed to enable the rotating panel to rotate around a rotation axis. The rotating device is there to guide the rotating panel to rotate around the rotation axis. The rotating device is connected to the rotating panel. More generally, the rotating device must be positioned midway between the position of the rotating panel, i.e., the support edge of the rotating panel, and the position of the sail, i.e., the support surface, which is designed to be linked to the panel. In some cases, the rotating device of the rotating panel can be designed to be linked to the mast of a ship. Particularly excellent methods include the use of hydraulic or pneumatic rotating systems. That is, at least one air tube (one or more airbags) that can be filled with a predetermined amount of fluid (preferably gas, i.e., ambient air) is used to control the angular direction of the panel as it rotates around the rotation axis. In this way, the rotating device can selectively set the angular direction of the rotating panel between a first limiting directional angle and a second limiting directional angle. As a non-limiting example, the first limit angle setting can be separated from the second limit angle setting by a single angle between 30° and 60° (preferably 40°). In this invention, the rotation system is equipped with one or more airbags, each of which can be selectively controlled by a control device.

[0020] In this invention, each airbag is shaped like an air tube, and this tube is connected to a control device through a fluid, allowing for control of the size of the airbag. Each airbag is shaped like a closed pocket, and its size varies depending on the amount of air injected into it. Therefore, thanks to the size of each airbag, it is possible to apply pressure to the support edge of a rotating panel and rotate the panel in a predetermined direction.

[0021] In the present invention, the control device is hydraulic or pneumatic, and preferably pneumatic if possible. The control device can control the amount of air individually injected into or maintained in each airbag. In the present invention, it is desirable that the control device be used only in the dynamic stage in which one airbag and / or another airbag is shifted from the initial state to the next state. In a certain state of the airbag, the control device does not operate and does not send air into the aforementioned airbag.

[0022] The rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention has the advantage that it includes at least one of the following improvements. Its technical characteristics include these improvements, and they can be used either alone or in combination.

[0023] - In the first practical variant, the rotating panel is of a rigid type, and its framework is non-deformable. This framework limits the cavity area arranged between the front side and the rear side of the panel. In this configuration, the advantage is that a lot of pressure can be applied to the rotating panel. When it is rigid, the rotating panel can be made of any material used in ships, and in particular, an ideal compromise between rigidity and lightness can be achieved. As such a material, in particular, composite materials including plastic, carbon fiber, or glass fiber can be used.

[0024] - In the second practical variant, the rotating panel is of an expandable type, and an expandable cavity is located between the front side and the rear side of the panel. The expandable cavity has a closed volume and is filled with a fluid, preferably a gas (air is preferred), to make the rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention in a shape and size according to the usage state. The expandable cavity is preferably made of polyester or synthetic fiber, which provides high durability against cracks and at the same time enables maintaining the internal pressure while being exposed to ultraviolet rays. The advantage of this configuration lies in the fact that it is possible to reduce the mass of the rotating panel.

[0025] - In the first practical method compatible with another utility model, the support side where the rotating device is installed is the front side of the rotating panel, and this rotating panel must be installed behind the sail of the sail assembly. As described above, the rotating panel may directly contact the trailing edge of the sail or contact a mast or a strut located between the trailing edge of the sail and the front side of the rotating panel.

[0026] - In the second practical method compatible with other variants, the support side where the rotating device is installed is the rear side of the rotating panel, and this rotating panel must be installed in front of the sail of the sail assembly. As described above, the rotating panel may directly contact the leading edge of the sail or contact a mast or a strut located between the leading edge of the sail and the rear side of the rotating panel.

[0027] - Particularly advantageous is the case where each airbag has a barrier property (non-permeable property), in which case it is not necessary to constantly inflow air into the airbag to maintain a predetermined shape and volume. With this advantageous configuration, the energy consumption for operating the rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention can be reduced, and the simplification of the use of the panel becomes possible.

[0028] - The control device is there to maintain the pressure in at least one airbag at a predetermined value. The angular position of the rotating panel corresponds to the internal pressure value of each of the at least one airbags. For example, in a rotating device with only one airbag, the first pressure value corresponds to the capacity of the first airbag and guides the rotating panel to the first angular position relative to the axis of rotation, and the second pressure value corresponds to the capacity of the second airbag and guides the rotating panel to the next angular position relative to the axis of rotation. The first pressure, first capacity, and first angular position are different from the second pressure, second capacity, and second angular position, respectively. If the rotating device is equipped with a first airbag and a second airbag, the first pressure value of the first airbag and the second pressure value of the second airbag correspond to the first capacity of the first airbag and the second capacity of the second airbag, respectively, and guide the rotating panel to the first angular position relative to the axis of rotation. The third pressure value of the first airbag and the fourth pressure value of the second airbag correspond to the third volume of the first airbag and the fourth volume of the second airbag, respectively, guiding the rotating panel to the second angular position relative to the axis of rotation.

[0029] - The front and rear edges of the rotating panel are positioned relative to the vertical extension cords (strings) of the rotating panel. The axis of rotation is located on the support edge. Therefore, the rotating mechanism of the rotating panel itself is positioned on the support edge of the rotating panel. The advantage of this configuration is that the entire rotating panel can be rotated around the axis of rotation, and uniform movement along the axis of rotation can be guaranteed.

[0030] - In particular, at least one airbag is in contact with the support edge of the rotating panel. In other words, at least one airbag is in contact with the support edge of the rotating panel and is positioned between the bottom and top edges of the rotating panel. In this invention, both the bottom and top edges are located near one of the opposing ends of the rotation axis and / or extension axis of the rotating panel. In other words, at least one airbag is positioned along the entire length of the support edge of the rotating panel from the bottom to the top edge.

[0031] - A more effective method would be to position at least one airbag on the support edge extending from the bottom edge to the top edge of the rotating panel. Specifically, at least one airbag would be in contact with the support edge of the rotating panel, and at least one airbag would be in contact with the support surface adjacent to the support edge of the rotating panel. The advantage of this configuration is that the pressure generated by the deformation of at least one airbag can be applied to the support edge on one side and to the support surface on the other.

[0032] - Each of the at least one airbags is cylindrical. Alternatively, each of the at least one airbags may be conical, and the cross-section of each airbag is proportional to the length of the cord (chord) connecting the front and rear sides of the rotating panel. This shows that there is a linear or polygonal mathematical relationship between the diameter of each airbag (i.e., the diameter at the height extending from the axis of rotation) and the length of the cord (chord) connecting the front and rear sides of the rotating panel. In this case, the relationship between the diameter of each airbag and the length of the cord (chord) of the rotating panel at the same height as that diameter is constant at all heights of the rotating panel when measured along the extension axis. Thus, in a rotating panel where the length of the cord (chord) decreases along the axis of rotation, the length of the cord (chord) at the vertex of the axis of rotation is shorter than the length of the cord at the base of the axis of rotation, and at the same time, the cross-section of each airbag measured near the vertex of the axis of rotation is smaller than the cross-section measured near the base of the axis of rotation of the same airbag. The advantage of this configuration is that it optimizes the size of the support surface of each of the at least one airbags that contact the support edge of the rotating panel, and adjusts the pressure exerted on the rotating panel by each of the at least one airbags. In some cases, each of the at least one airbags is conical, and the variation in the diameter of each airbag, i.e., the diameter at the height given by the axis of rotation, decreases faster or slower than the length of the cord (string) of the rotating panel measured at the same height. In this case, the relationship between the diameter of each airbag and the length of the cord (string) of the rotating panel measured at the same height and diameter changes along the extension axis with respect to the height of the rotating panel. The advantage of this configuration is that the rotating panel can be easily rotated along the axis of rotation, thereby allowing for compensation when the airflow on the rotating panel is irregular with respect to height.

[0033] - Typically, a characteristic of inflatable rotating panels is that at least one airbag is connected to the inflatable cavity. In the first practical method, the material of the at least one airbag is relevant, as is the material of the inflatable cavity. Regarding the material, each of the at least one airbag is manufactured using the same process as the inflatable cavity of the rotating panel, and the at least one airbag is inseparable from the at least one airbag and / or the inflatable cavity without damage, cracking, or breaking. In the second practical method recommended by the present invention, the at least one airbag is added to the inflatable cavity and fixed in place so as not to be separated from the inflatable cavity. Each of the at least one airbag is fixed in place so as not to be separated from the inflatable cavity, whatever the method.

[0034] - The control unit is equipped with one pump and at least one fluid pipe connected to each of the airbags, of which at least one exists, and is capable of inflating or deflating each of the airbags. As mentioned above, the advantage of this configuration is that the volume and size of each airbag can be selectively controlled, thereby allowing control over the angular direction of the panel rotating around the axis of rotation.

[0035] - A more desirable arrangement is that, in the case of at least one airbag, the first airbag is positioned near one side of the rotating panel and the second airbag near the other side of the rotating panel. In particular, for inflatable panels, in the case of at least one airbag, the first airbag is positioned near one side of the inflatable cavity and the second airbag near the other side of the inflatable cavity. In this invention, the first side of the inflatable cavity connects to one side of the rotating panel, and the second side of the same inflatable cavity connects to the other side of the rotating panel. In other words, the first and second airbags are adjacent to each other and in contact with the support edges of the rotating panel. The advantage of this configuration is that it is possible to control the angular direction of the rotating panel while controlling the volume and size of each airbag, with the first airbag fixed opposite the second airbag. Thus, when the airbags are inflated, the second airbag is deflated, causing the rotating panel to rotate in the first angular direction. When the second airbag inflates, the first airbag deflates, rotating the panel in a second angular direction, which is opposite to the first angular direction.

[0036] - In this practical example recommended by the present invention, it is desirable that the first airbag and the second airbag are supported by the support edge and support surface of the rotating panel. Thus, the first airbag and the second airbag are positioned at a location midway between the support edge and support surface of the rotating panel.

[0037] - The control device is a device for selectively controlling the capacity of the first and second airbags. Specifically, the control device is equipped with (i) a first fluid pipe connecting the pump and the first airbag, (ii) a second fluid pipe connecting the pump and the second airbag, and (iii) a valve connecting the pump on one end and the first and second fluid pipes on the other. This valve is designed to have the following three settings: In the first setting, the first fluid pipe is connected to the pump so that fluid can flow, but the second fluid pipe is shut off from the pump so that no fluid can flow; in the second setting, the second fluid pipe is connected to the pump so that fluid can flow, but the first fluid pipe is shut off from the pump so that no fluid can flow; and in the third setting, both the first and second fluid pipes are connected to the pump so that fluid can flow simultaneously.

[0038] The control unit controls the pressure of the fluid (preferably a gas, air is more effective) supplied to each of the at least one airbags, and in inflatable rotating panels, it is controlled to be between 0 mbar (millibars, hPa) and 150 mbar. Typically, in inflatable rotating panels, the pressure of each of the at least one airbags remains below 100 mbar. In the case of rigid panels, the control unit controls the pressure of the fluid (preferably a gas, air is more effective) flowing to each of the at least one airbags, and this pressure is adjusted to be very strong, at a value of 1 bar or 2 bar or more. In practice, this pressure depends on the mass of the rotating panel. For example, if the rotating panel is heavy, as in a rigid rotating panel, the internal pressure of the at least one airbag will be higher because it exerts greater pressure toward the support edges to allow the rotating panel to rotate along the axis of rotation. Conversely, if the rotating panel is lightweight, such as an inflatable rotating panel, the internal pressure of at least one airbag can be kept lower because sufficient pressure is applied towards the support edge, allowing the rotating panel to rotate around the axis of rotation.

[0039] - The rotating device is equipped with a rotating panel restraint system that uses a support surface. More precisely, it is a system that restrains the inflatable cavity in the inflatable rotating panel. This restraint system rotates the rotating panel around the axis of rotation and prevents the rotating panel from moving away from the support surface. The advantage of this configuration is that by using the inflation of at least one airbag to apply pressure to the support edge of the rotating panel, for example, translational motion, or above all, by the panel changing direction along the axis of rotation, it is possible to prevent the rotating panel from moving away from the support surface.

[0040] Therefore, the restraint system is equipped with multiple straps, one end of which is tied to the support edge of the rotating panel, and the other end of which is tied to the support surface that contacts the said support edge. Each strap helps to maintain the position of the support edge of the rotating panel near the support surface that contacts the leading edge as the rotating panel rotates.

[0041] - In particular, in one highly useful practical application, the rotating device is equipped with a rotating panel restraint system using a support surface. This restraint system rotates the rotating panel around its axis of rotation and prevents it from moving away from the support surface. This restraint system is accompanied by several straps, one end of which is tied to the support edge of the rotating panel, and the other end of which is tied to the support surface that contacts the said support edge.

[0042] - All straps of the restraint system are arranged at regular intervals between the top and bottom edges of the rotating panel. The advantage of this configuration is that it ensures the rotating panel rotates uniformly around the axis of rotation along the extension axis. As a non-limiting example, the distance between two parallel straps is 40 cm to 100 cm, preferably 50 cm to 70 cm, and 60 cm is even better.

[0043] - A highly advantageous feature of the present invention is that the straps of the restraint system intersect between the support edges and support surfaces of the rotating panel. The support surfaces are the surfaces that anchor and fix the rotating panel to the rigging and are in conjunction with the rigging. Due to the "intersection," the straps together form an X shape on the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating panel. In particular, all straps pass between the support edges and support surfaces and form a single axis parallel to the rotation axis. In other words, all straps extend, on the one hand, from the support edges of the rotating panel toward the support surfaces immediately adjacent to them, and on the other hand, from each side of the rotating panel toward the median plane of the rotating panel and the rigging. This median plane consists of the chords and the rotation axis. In particular, between the top and bottom edges of the rotating panel, all straps intersect alternately, with the first strap extending from the center of the support edge near the median plane toward the support surface on one side of the rotating panel. That is, extending outward relative to the median plane, for example, toward the ventral side of the sail combined with a rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention. The other strap follows the first strap, extending from the center of the support edge near the midline towards the support surface near the other side of the rotating panel, in other words, outward from the predefined midline, for example, towards the back of the aforementioned sail.

[0044] The restraint system's straps are made of woven fabric. In other words, the straps are multiple belts whose tension changes with the inflation and deflation of each of the airbags, of which at least one is present.

[0045] - A rotating panel having the first characteristic of the present invention is equipped with a stopping device for the rotating panel on the rotation axis and / or extension axis. Such a stopping device makes it possible to prevent the rotating panel from slipping on the rotation axis and / or extension axis. In a non-limiting example, such a device may have, for example, a lower flange and an upper flange, with each flange fixing the rotating panel on the rotation axis and / or extension axis. In other words, for a panel rotating along the rotation axis and / or extension axis, each flange acts as a stopping device or a blocking device for the axis.

[0046] - The expandable cavity is of the barrier cavity type. In this invention, the impermeability of the barrier cavity constituting the rotating panel is confirmed at a pressure lower than 300 mbar, preferably lower than 150 mbar, and effective if lower than 100 mbar. In the practical method recommended by this invention, the impermeability of the barrier cover is confirmed by setting the internal pressure of the inflatable sail to a value between 20 mbar and 80 mbar. This pressure is preferably 50 mbar. At such pressures, the air injected into the barrier cavity remains, and there is no need to inject new air to maintain the shape of the barrier cavity, and consequently the shape of the rotating panel. This configuration is particularly beneficial because, according to this invention, this configuration facilitates the operation of the rotating panel and allows for limiting the use of exhaust devices to maintain a sufficient pressure level in the expandable rotating panel to ensure shape retention. In the first practical variant, the barrier cavity consists of a single volume located between the bottom and top edges. An alternative design involves a barrier cavity that constitutes the rotating panel, divided into multiple small chambers between its bottom and top edges. Each chamber is separated from an adjacent chamber by a partition, which connects the front, back, and sides of the barrier cavity.

[0047] - A beneficial approach in this final alternative is to have an opening in each partition that allows all the compartments to be connected by fluid. The advantage of this configuration is that all the compartments that make up the rotating panel are connected by fluid, making it easier to deploy and fold the rotating panel.

[0048] - Particularly beneficial is the rotating panel having an external cover, the external cover having (i) a main section that covers the inflatable cavity, and (ii) a front section that covers each of the at least one airbags present, with at least one of the front sections connected to the main section. The main section is shaped and sized to completely cover the inflatable cavity of the rotating panel, and the inflatable cavity is housed within the main section of the external cover. Each front section is shaped and sized to completely cover one of the at least one airbags present in the rotating panel, and each airbag is housed within one of the at least one front section of the external cover. If the rotating device has two airbags, the external cover has two front sections, each housing one of the two airbags, and the external cover has one flange, one of which is attached to the front section area facing the other front section, and the other to the front section area of ​​the main section located between the two front sections.

[0049] A second feature of this invention is the proposed sail rig for ships, which includes the following:

[0050] - One mast

[0051] - A sail that is attached to and fixed to the mast, with the mast positioned parallel to the extension axis of the sail.

[0052] - A rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention or any improvement thereof. The support edge of the rotating panel is adjacent to the leading edge or trailing edge of the sail.

[0053] A sail rig having the second feature of the present invention has the advantage of including at least one of the following improvements, the technical characteristics of which are these improvements, and which can be used individually or in combination.

[0054] - In the initial practical application, the sail type of the rig is an inflatable sail with a single three-dimensional cover, which is an inflatable capacity whose area is defined by a ventral surface and a dorsal surface, as well as a leading edge and a trailing edge. The ventral surface and arsal surface face each other and are located on opposite sides of the extension axis. The leading edge, the trailing edge, the aforementioned ventral surface, and the dorsal surface determine the predefined aerodynamic profile of the inflatable sail. A particularly advantageous method is that the rig has a second feature of the present invention. This rig includes the following three elements: (i) a mast, and (ii) an inflatable sail fixed to the mast, wherein the mast is positioned parallel to the extension axis of the inflatable sail, and the inflatable sail includes a single three-dimensional barrier cover, which is an inflatable capacity whose area is defined by a ventral surface and arsal surface, as well as a leading edge and a trailing edge, which are facing each other and located on opposite sides of the extension axis, and the leading edge, trailing edge, ventral surface, and back determine the predefined aerodynamic profile of the inflatable sail. Furthermore, (iii) a rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention or an improvement thereof. The support edge of the rotating panel is adjacent to the leading or trailing edge of an expandable sail.

[0055] - In the second practical application, the sails of the rigging are of a rigid type. Generally, the sails of a rigging are of a thick type.

[0056] - In the practical method recommended by the present invention, the trailing edge of the inflatable sail serves as a support surface for the rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention. In other words, the rotating panel is positioned behind the expandable sail and in contact with the expandable sail, so that when the rotating panel is in use, at least one airbag used in the rotating device inflates between the trailing edge of the inflatable sail and the front edge of the rotating panel, applying pressure to the aforementioned front edge and inducing the rotation of the rotating panel.

[0057] - The inflatable sail includes a three-dimensional barrier cover, which is a single volume of inflatability defined by the following four boundaries: (i) an outer surface and an inner surface opposite the outer surface, connected by multiple connectors between the inner and outer surfaces; (ii) a top surface connecting the outer surface to the inner surface at the top edge of the barrier cover; (iii) a bottom surface connecting the outer surface to the inner surface at the bottom edge of the barrier cover; and (iv) a rear surface connecting the outer surface to the inner surface at the trailing edge of the barrier cover. This barrier cover is folded back at the leading edge of the inflatable sail around the extension axis of the inflatable sail, so that in the inflatable sail, the opposing ventral and ventral surfaces are located on either side of the extension axis, and the leading edge, ventral surface, and ventral surface, along with the inner surface of the barrier cover, define the internal volume of the inflatable sail, while the ventral and ventral surfaces, along with the outer surface of the barrier cover, create a predefined aerodynamic profile of the inflatable sail.

[0058] - The barrier cover prevents the injected air from freely leaking out when the inflatable sail is inflated by injecting air into the barrier cover. In other words, the barrier cover is a closed, leak-free cover, and when gas is injected, it does not leak out unnoticed. In particular, in this invention, the impermeable property of the barrier cover is confirmed at pressures lower than 500 mbar. This pressure is preferably lower than 150 mbar, and is effective if it is lower than 100 mbar. In one practical application of this invention, the barrier cover is impermeable when the internal pressure of the inflatable sail is at least 80 mbar. Thus, at these pressures, the air injected into the barrier cover is maintained, and there is no need to inject new air to maintain the shape of the barrier cover, and consequently the shape of the inflatable sail. This configuration is particularly effective because it allows for the use of exhaust devices to be limited to a certain extent, as it facilitates the operation of the inflatable sail and ensures that the pressure of the barrier sail remains at a sufficient level to maintain its shape.

[0059] - The barrier cover has a single volume that folds around the extension axis of the inflatable sail, and is particularly demarcated by a bottom and a top surface, these surfaces located at each end of the extension axis, respectively. Thus, the bottom surface encloses the inflatable volume of the barrier cover on the side closer to the deck of the vessel equipped with the sail rig having the second feature of the present invention. The top surface encloses the inflatable volume of the barrier cover on the side further from the deck of the vessel, i.e., at the top of the mast used to raise the inflatable sail. In the first practical variant, the barrier cover consists of a single volume located between the inner surface, outer surface, bottom surface, and top surface. Alternatively, in the second practical variant, the barrier cover is divided into multiple internal spaces between the inner surface, outer surface, bottom surface, and top surface, with fluid flowing between these spaces or each space being insulated.

[0060] - The inner and outer surfaces of the barrier cover face each other and are connected by the top and bottom surfaces. The inner and outer surfaces are separated from each other by multiple connectors, which are located between the inner and outer surfaces within the expandable volume of the barrier cover.

[0061] - These multiple connectors are made of the same material as the inner and / or outer surfaces of the barrier cover, or are added to the inner and / or outer surfaces and fixed in place so as not to separate from these surfaces. These connectors make it possible to prevent the inner and outer surfaces from moving away from each other when the barrier cover is pressurized. In particular, the connectors are pulled to maintain the distance between the inner and outer surfaces when the barrier cover is inflated. It is desirable that the connectors do not expand or contract under the pressure sent onto the inflatable sail during normal use, and under the pressure for the aforementioned inflation. The connectors can take various forms. In a non-limiting example, the connectors are in the form of filaments and / or bulkheads and / or membranes and are positioned between the inner and outer surfaces. It is preferable that the barrier cover be made of a material containing polyester, and the same applies to the filaments forming the connectors of the barrier cover as described above.

[0062] - A particularly advantageous and effective shape of the present invention is that the inflatable sail barrier cover for a sail rig having the second feature of the present invention has a "drop-stitch" structure. This drop-stitch is known in other technical fields such as inflatable boats and paddles. Such technology has never been used to create expandable sails, especially inflatable barrier sails. Typically, this technology is based on the principle of a three-dimensional fabric that allows for retrofitting. This fabric is formed by injecting air into the periphery membrane of the fabric (the inner, outer, top, and bottom surfaces of the inflatable sail having the first feature of the present invention) and by filaments (connectors) that connect opposing parts of the cover. In this way, an inflated structure consisting of multiple planes can be created in an instant. In other words, in the "drop-stitch" structure, the entire side is closed and tightly sealed, as is characteristic of a barrier. If the density of the filaments is higher (as in the connectors in an inflatable sail), the three-dimensional structure will exhibit greater rigidity and sturdiness (as in the barrier cover of an inflatable sail).

[0063] - The barrier cover is designed to form a single complex structure that defines the aerodynamic profile of the inflatable sail. This aerodynamic profile is defined by the leading, ventral, dorsal, and trailing edges of the inflatable sail, which themselves are formed by the fold-over of the barrier cover around the extension axis of the inflatable sail. The aerodynamic profile determined by the ventral and dorsal edges of the inflatable sail passing through the outer surface of the barrier cover is of the NACA profile type. In other words, the outer surface of the barrier cover, as viewed from the ventral, leading, and dorsal positions of the inflatable sail, forms an aerodynamic profile that is either complete or incomplete in shape according to the NACA profile. In this invention, the shape of the NACA profile is represented by a series of numbers, which allow for the description (by equation) of one cross-section of the profile and the identification of its attributes. These numbers correspond here to a single magnitude value given according to the length of the chord between the leading and trailing edges of the inflatable sail. One practical method recommended, but not limited to, by the present invention is that an inflatable sail having the first feature of the present invention exhibits all or part of a 0021 type NACA profile. Generally, the NACA profile of an inflatable sail can take any shape. In particular, with respect to the chord of the inflatable sail between the trailing and leading edges, this profile may be asymmetrical or symmetrical. A very advantageous method is to equip a rigging having the second feature of the present invention with a thick sail (preferably a barrier in the case of an inflatable sail), which may be rigid or inflatable, and the first portion of this thick sail, starting from the leading edge and following the chord, is an aerodynamic sail shape exhibiting the characteristics of a symmetrical NACA profile, while the other portion of this thick sail is located on the other side of the first portion and is replaced by a rotating panel having the first feature of the present invention. A favorable method is that the first portion accounts for 60% to 85% of the total length of the inflatable sail, without taking the rotating panel into account. In other words, it occupies between 60% and 85% of the symmetrical and complete aerodynamic profile, with the second portion accounting for 15% to 40% of the total length of the thickened sail.In other words, the symmetrical aerodynamic profile (NACA) of the thickened sail, starting from the leading edge, is interrupted at a distance of 60% to 85% of the complete symmetrical NACA aerodynamic profile, and the second portion reaching the trailing edge of the complete NACA aerodynamic profile is replaced by a rotating panel according to the present invention. Ideally, the thickened sail reaches 75% of the complete NACA aerodynamic profile, and the rotating panel occupies the remaining 25% of the complete NACA aerodynamic profile. This rotating panel thus improves the adjustability and adaptability of the rig to wind conditions and enhances the lift of the rig at the position of the second portion of the inflatable sail.

[0064] - In this invention, the leading edge of the inflatable sail is the front part of the inflatable sail, from which the incoming airflow on the inflatable sail splits into two, which then settle into the ventral and aft surfaces of the inflatable sail. This trailing edge corresponds to the rear part of the inflatable sail. This trailing edge is opposite to the leading edge. The ventral surface of the inflatable sail is the side of the inflatable sail facing the wind. The ventral surface becomes concave when the inflatable sail of the rig having the second feature of this invention faces the wind. The aft surface of the inflatable sail is the side of the inflatable sail facing downwind. This aft surface is opposite to the ventral surface. The aft surface becomes convex when the sail of the rig having the second feature of this invention faces the wind. This ventral and aft surfaces unfold from the leading edge of the inflatable sail. The ventral surface, aft surface, leading edge, and trailing edge are all made of the same material. In other words, the ventral surface, aft surface, leading edge, and trailing edge are all made solely of a barrier cover, and the barrier cover is shaped to accommodate each of these elements. Each leading edge, each ventral surface, each dorsal surface, and each trailing edge are defined by the inner and outer surfaces of the barrier cover. Naturally, the present invention is not limited to the shape and / or size of the inflatable sail and the barrier cover.

[0065] - In this invention, the internal volume enclosed by the ventral and dorsal sides is defined by forming a barrier cover. Therefore, the barrier cover is folded over to surround the extension axis of the inflatable sail, with portions of the inner and outer surfaces of the barrier cover on one side of the extension axis, forming the ventral side of the inflatable sail, and the other portions of the inner and outer surfaces of the barrier cover on the other side of the extension axis, forming the dorsal side of the inflatable sail. This configuration is highly advantageous because it utilizes the properties of a three-dimensional structure whose shape is maintained by connectors, while simultaneously shaping the inflatable sail to create an aerodynamic profile in a precise, robust, and reliable manner.

[0066] - The inflatable sail has multiple fasteners that connect its underside and backside at one point on its trailing edge. These fasteners allow the underside of the inflatable sail to be connected to the backside at the trailing edge. This configuration is advantageous because it complements the shape of the barrier cover itself, which is determined in particular by the inner and outer surfaces of the barrier cover, making it possible to create the desired aerodynamic profile. In addition, the fasteners help maintain the overall shape of the inflatable sail and prevent deformation of the sail due to the effects of wind.

[0067] - A favorable approach is to arrange the fasteners regularly along the extension axis of the inflatable sail. For example, the fasteners are placed every 60 cm along the extension axis between the bottom and top surfaces of the barrier cover. The advantage of this configuration is that it ensures a regular aerodynamic profile of the inflatable sail along the extension axis.

[0068] - Therefore, each fastener has a belt attached to which one end connects to the front and / or back, and the other end connects to the back and front, respectively.

[0069] Each belt has an adjustment device at the first and / or second end that controls the tension of the belt between the ventral and ventral sides of the inflatable sail. This tension control device may have, for example, a connecting hook that can be attached to one of several holes in the belt itself, allowing for the selection of several different tensions by choosing which hole to connect the connecting hook to.

[0070] Each belt is fitted with a tensioner, which is used to increase the rigidity of the belt between the ventral and dorsal surfaces of the inflatable sail, fixing these two free surfaces at a fixed distance. The tensioner also prevents the belt from bending when a certain tensile force is applied to it.

[0071] - The tensioner is attached to the corresponding belt. Alternatively, the tensioner can be made from the same material as the corresponding belt. The tensioner is rib-shaped and installed between one end and the other end of the corresponding belt. The tensioner is made from a mixture of materials. The material of the tensioner may include carbon fiber additives and / or glass fiber additives.

[0072] - Ideally, the inflatable sail should have multiple fasteners connecting its underside and back at the trailing edge, with each fastener having a belt attached, one end of which connects to the underside of the sail and the other end to the back of the sail. Each belt should also be fitted with a tensioner to increase the rigidity of the belt between the underside and back of the inflatable sail.

[0073] - A particularly advantageous method is that, when the rotating panel is connected to the inflatable sail, especially at the trailing edge, the second end of the rotating panel restraint system strap is connected to one of the fasteners on the inflatable sail, specifically on the belt connecting to the inflatable sail. In other words, the second end of the rotating panel restraint system strap is connected to several belts of the inflatable sail, and these belts of the inflatable sail serve as fasteners for connecting the ventral side to the dorsal side at the trailing edge of the inflatable sail. In this very clever way, it becomes possible to directly attach the rotating panel to the inflatable sail (here, the trailing edge of the sail, which serves as the support surface for the rotating panel). The presence of a tensioner makes it possible to transmit the stress on the support edge position of the rotating panel for the rotation as described above. Of course, in this invention, it is also possible to directly attach the rotating panel to the leading edge of the inflatable sail. In that case, the leading edge of the inflatable sail becomes the support surface for the rotating panel located in front of the inflatable sail. These two proposals can also be used in combination, and in a sail rig having the second feature of the present invention, the first rotating panel can be combined with the trailing edge of the inflatable sail, and the second rotating panel can be combined with the leading edge of the inflatable sail.

[0074] - When an inflatable sail is used in combination with a similarly inflatable rotating panel, the control device for the amount of air injected into each of the airbags present in at least one of the rotating panels is also a control device for the airflow sent into or out of the barrier cover of the inflatable sail. This control device controls the volume, and / or flow rate, and / or pressure of the airflow injected into the barrier cover to inflate the inflatable sail. In other words, this control device causes a predetermined volume of air to be injected into the barrier cover to inflate the inflatable sail and a predetermined amount of air to be discharged outside the barrier cover to deflate the inflatable sail. When the inflatable sail is inflated, the control device is not operational due to the impermeability of the barrier cover. In this invention, the fluid blown into the inflatable sail is a gas, preferably air.

[0075] - The device for controlling the airflow inside or outside the barrier cover is equipped with one pump and at least one fluid pipe, which is connected to the expandable capacity of the barrier cover through the fluid. In this way, the pump can pump air into the barrier cover and, in some cases, expel air to the outside of the barrier cover.

[0076] A third feature of the present invention is the proposed vessel equipped with the following:

[0077] - It must have at least one hull.

[0078] - The present invention comprises at least one sail rig having the second characteristic or satisfying any one of the improvements thereof, wherein the mast is fixed inseparably to one of the hulls, of which at least one exists, and is rotatable.

[0079] The vessel may be either a single-hull or multi-hull type. In particular, one practical type recommended by this invention is a catamaran.

[0080] The vessel is either wind-powered or a hybrid, equipped with an engine-powered auxiliary propulsion system in addition to at least one sail. The engine-powered auxiliary propulsion system may include, for example, one thermal engine (internal combustion engine) or one electric engine.

[0081] Various practical applications are envisioned for this invention, and the various selectable properties described in this book can be combined through the possible combinations of these applications.

[0082] Other features and advantages of the present invention are described below, and several practical examples are shown in the accompanying drawings as non-limiting reference examples. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0083] [Figure 1]A three-dimensional image shows one practical example of a rotating panel possessing the first feature of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a view of the rotating panel shown in Figure 1, from the support side. [Figure 3] This is a diagram illustrating a practical example of a fastener for a rotating panel on the support surface of a ship's sail. [Figure 4] This is a diagram illustrating one practical example of a sail rig having the second feature of the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a diagram of a second practical example of a sail rig having the second feature of the present invention. [Figure 6] Figure 5 shows a view of the rigging from below, with the rotating panel positioned at one angle corresponding to the sails of that rigging. [Figure 7] Figure 5 shows a view of the rigging from below, with the rotating panel positioned at another angle to accommodate the sails of the rigging. [Figure 8] This is a projection view of a practical example of a ship possessing the third feature of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0084] Naturally, in this invention, practical properties, variations, and various shapes can be combined in diverse ways, except in cases where they are incompatible or incompatible with each other. In particular, one might imagine that in the variations of this invention, one can only select a given property once, and as a result, if a technical advantage is achieved or the difference between this invention and prior art becomes clear, other properties presented must be discarded; however, this is not the case.

[0085] In particular, all the variations and practical methods presented can be combined, provided there are no technical design issues with their combination.

[0086] In all figures, elements common to multiple figures are indicated with the same reference number.

[0087] Figures 1 and 4 show the rotating panel [3] of the present invention, which is linked to the sails [1] of a ship [8]. Figure 1 presents one practical example of the rotating panel [3], and Figure 4 presents another practical example of the rotating panel [3] used on the sails [1].

[0088] Typically, the rotating panel [3] has a pyramidal structure, with a triangular base. Naturally, the present invention does not limit the rotating panel [3] to a single shape. The examples shown in Figures 1 and 4 are merely practical examples provided for non-limiting purposes. The rotating panel [3] is positioned along the extension axis [O1] and between its front edge

[31] and rear edge

[32] . The rotating panel [3] is bounded by its two sides [33, 34], each side of which lies on the ventral

[23] and aft

[24] extensions of one sail [2] of the rigging [1]. Thus, the rotating panel [3] is designed to work in conjunction with the rigging [1], and when the rotating panel [3] is in a neutral angular position, the aerodynamic profile of the sail [2] is extended by the rotating panel [3]. Conversely, if the rotating panel [3] changes its orientation relative to the axis of rotation, the aerodynamic profile of the sail [2] is altered by the rotating panel [3].

[0089] The rotating panel [3] is positioned along the extension axis [O1] between its front edge

[31] and rear edge

[32] . The rotating panel [3] is bounded at the front by its front edge

[31] and at the rear by its rear edge

[32] . With respect to the extension axis [O1], the rotating panel [3] is bounded at the bottom by its base edge

[36] and at the top edge

[35] . Each side of the rotating panel [3] is a regular trapezoid, and if we compare the chord [O2]

[36] passing between the front edge

[31] and rear edge

[32] of the rotating panel [3], the base edge

[36] of the rotating panel [3] is longer than the top edge

[35] of the rotating panel [3].

[0090] The rotating panel [3] may be inflatable, as shown in Figure 1, or rigid, as shown in Figures 4-7.

[0091] In the case of an expandable rotating panel [3] (see Figure 1), the rotating panel [3] has expandable cavities

[30] which can be filled with gas, preferably air, to form the rotating panel [3] according to a predetermined profile. An advantage is that the rotating panel [3] is barrier (impermeable). That is, with respect to the internal pressure of the gas, the gas injected into the expandable cavities

[30] is retained without disappearing or leaking. The expandable cavities

[30] are preferably made of polyester or synthetic fiber material, which have high resistance to cracking, can withstand pressure, and have high resistance to ultraviolet light.

[0092] In the practical example shown in Figure 1, the expandable cavity

[30] is composed of multiple small chambers

[0302] , which are divided between the bottom

[36] and top

[35] of the expandable cavity

[30] . Each small chamber

[0302] is separated from an adjacent small chamber

[0302] by a partition

[0301] , which connects the front edge

[31] , the rear edge

[32] , and both sides [33, 34] of the barrier cavity

[30] . To facilitate the injection of air into the expandable cavity

[30] , each partition

[0301] has at least one opening (the opening is not shown in Figure 1) that allows fluid to pass through and connect all the small chambers

[0302] of the expandable cavity

[30] that form the rotating panel. Each small chamber

[0302] extends from the front edge

[31] to the rear edge

[32] of the rotating panel [3], allowing the rotating panel [3] to be easily folded if necessary. The inflatable cavity

[30] of the rotating panel [3] is inflated or deflated through at least one pneumatic valve

[0303] . The pneumatic valve

[0303] is designed to be fluidly connected to a control device for the flow of air injected into the inflatable cavity, thereby allowing the air pressure in the inflatable cavity

[30] to be controlled.

[0093] In the practical examples shown in Figures 4-7, the rotating panel [3] is of a rigid type. This rotating panel [3] is equipped with a rigid frame and one or more (indeformable under normal use) panelings that constitute the external shape of the rotating panel [3]. The panelings can be flat or curved depending on the desired type of rotating panel [3]. The panelings are preferably made of a synthetic material, preferably a composite material, in order to minimize the mass of the rotating panel [3] according to the present invention. In a non-limiting example, the material of the rigid rotating panel [3] may contain glass fiber and / or carbon fiber additives.

[0094] To rotate the rotating panel [3] around its axis of rotation, the rotating panel [3] is further equipped with a rotating device [4], the axis of rotation of which is located along the support side [31A] of the rotating panel [3]. This rotating device [4] makes it possible to orient the rotating panel [3] in a direction different from the orientation of the sails [2] of the fitted rig [1], which is determined by the orientation of the mast [7] to which it is attached. In this way, the rotating panel [3] provides a means of freely adjusting the rig [1] to match the wind conditions. The range of adjustment angles provided by such a rotating device [4] is, for example, between +45° and -45° from the neutral position, in which case the rotating panel [3] is aligned with the sails [2] of the rig [1].

[0095] In the practical examples shown in Figures 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7, the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3] is the front edge

[31] of the rotating panel [3]. In this way, the rotating panel is positioned behind the sail [2] of the rigging [1]. However, in another practical variation not shown in the accompanying figures, the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3] is the rear edge

[32] of the same rotating panel [3]. In this case, the rotating panel [3] is positioned in front of the sail [2] of the rigging [1].

[0096] In any of the variations presented in this book, the rotating panel [3] can complementarily be positioned on the direct extension of the sail [2] of the rigging [1], with the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3] in direct contact with the support surface of the sail [2], on which the rotating device [4] operates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotating panel. This is, for example, applicable to the practical examples shown in Figures 5-7. Conversely, in the practical example presented in Figure 4, the rotating panel [3] is installed at a distance from the inflatable sail [2] of the rigging [1], the rotating panel [3] is separated from the sail [2], and the rotating panel [3] is combined with the sail [2] via a mast [7], which serves as the support surface for the rotating device [4] of the rotating panel [3].

[0097] The rotating device [4] is shown in particular in Figures 1, 2, 6 and 7. The rotating device [4] is of the type that utilizes air pressure. For example, the rotating device has at least one airbag [41A, 41B] (preferably two airbags [41A, 41B] adjacent to each other and in contact with the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3]) and a control device for the amount of air supplied to each of the airbags [41A, 41B] (though not shown in the figures), of which there is at least one.

[0098] Each airbag starts at the bottom

[36] of the rotating panel [3] and extends to the top

[35] , thereby optimizing the interaction between the support surface and the support edges [31A] of the rotating panel [3].

[0099] Each airbag has the shape of a single air tube and is connected to a control device via fluid, allowing for control of the size of the airbag. Each airbag forms a closed pocket, the size of which varies depending on the amount of air injected into the airbag. In particular, as seen in Figures 1 and 2, the airbags are cylindrical, and preferably conical. This corresponds to the change in the area of ​​the support side [31A] of the movable panel, as the width of the support side [31A] of the panel narrows as it approaches the top side

[35] along the extension axis [O1].

[0100] The control device is of the pneumatic type. The control device makes it possible to individually control the amount of air injected into or present in each airbag. In the practical example shown in Figure 1, the rotating device [4] is equipped with a first airbag [41A] and a second airbag [41B], and air is selectively injected into each airbag through an air injection valve

[42] .

[0101] As can be seen in Figures 6 and 7, the rotating device [4] makes it possible to rotate the rotating panel [3] along the axis of rotation as follows.

[0102] The first pressure value of the first airbag [41A] and the other pressure value of the second airbag [41B] correspond to one volume of the first airbag [41A] and the other volume of the second airbag [41B], respectively, and these values ​​guide the rotating panel [3] to its initial angular position relative to the axis of rotation.

[0103] The third pressure value of the first airbag [41A] and the fourth pressure value of the second airbag [41B] correspond to the third volume of the first airbag [41A] and the fourth volume of the second airbag [41B], respectively, and these values ​​guide the rotating panel [3] to the second angular position relative to the axis of rotation.

[0104] In the example shown in Figure 6, the two airbags [41A] and [41B] are inflated to the same internal pressure level, and each airbag has the same amount of air (in this case, zero or nearly zero). In this case, the force applied to the support edges [31A] that contact each side of the rotating panel [3] is the same or nearly the same, the rotating panel [3] is in a nearly zero angular position, aligned with the direct extension of the combined inflatable sail [2], and the chord of the sail [2] is collinear with or parallel to the chord [O2] of the thus oriented rotating panel.

[0105] Conversely, in the example shown in Figure 7, the first airbag [41A] is inflated with a lower volume of air (internal pressure) than the second airbag [41B]. In this case, the pressure exerted by the first airbag [41A] near the side of the rotating panel [3] in contact with the first airbag [41A] is weaker than the pressure exerted by the second airbag [41B] near the side of the rotating panel [3] in contact with the second airbag [41B]. Consequently, the rotating panel [3] rotates to take on another different angular position, exhibiting a non-zero angle relative to the inflatable sail [2].

[0106] Each airbag is to be a barrier, so that it is not necessary to constantly inflate them with air to maintain a predetermined shape and volume. In this case, air is selectively injected into or removed from each airbag so that the angle of the rotating panel [3] can be changed. Once the rotating panel [3] is set to a certain angular position, the rotating device [4] and especially the airbags [41A, 41B] can maintain the same state and maintain that angular position even if the control device is not activated.

[0107] The rotating panel [3] is secured to the support surface using a single linkage so as not to move away from it. This linkage allows the rotating panel [3] to rotate while simultaneously preventing it from moving away from the support surface and the cords [O2] of the sail [1]. For this purpose, the rotating device [4] includes a restraining system for the rotating panel [3] (particularly a restraining system for the inflatable cavity

[30] in the case of an inflatable type of rotating panel [3]), and using the support surface, the restraining system rotates the rotating panel [3] around the axis of rotation, preventing it from moving away from the support surface.

[0108] In particular, in Figures 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7, the restraint system is fitted with multiple straps [9], the first end of which is connected to a support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3], and the other end of which is connected to a support surface opposite to the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3]. Each strap [9] makes it possible to keep the position of the support edge of the rotating panel [3] very close to the support surface adjacent to the leading edge

[22] as the rotating panel [3] rotates.

[0109] The restraint system straps [9] are arranged at regular intervals between the top

[35] and bottom

[36] of the rotating panel. The advantage of this configuration is that it ensures that the rotating panel [3] rotates uniformly around the rotation axis along the extension axis [O1]. In the practical example shown in Figure 2, the intervals between each of the straps [9] arranged in succession along the extension axis [O1] are between 50 cm and 70 cm, preferably 60 cm.

[0110] The restraint system straps [9] intersect between the support edge [31A] and the support surface of the rotating panel [3]. This "intersection" ensures that all the straps [9] form an X shape perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating panel [3]. In particular, as seen in Figures 1, 6 and 7, all the straps pass between the support edge [31A] and the support surface and form a single axis parallel to the rotation axis.

[0111] As can be seen in Figures 1, 6, and 7, the straps [9] alternately cross each other between the top

[35] and bottom

[36] of the rotating panel [3].

[0112] The first strap [9] extends from the center of the support edge toward the support surface near one side

[33] of the rotating panel [3].

[0113] The second strap [9], located immediately below or above the first strap [9], extends from the center of the support edge [31A] toward the support surface near the second side

[34] of the rotating panel [3].

[0114] In this invention, the central part of the support side [31A] is positioned as if it were a single portion located near the intermediate region of the support side [31A]. This clever configuration makes it easy to fix the straps [9] to the support surface. In fact, it is important that the axis of rotation is determined by all the straps [9]. Therefore, the position and orientation of the straps are particularly decisive factors. Furthermore, by arranging them alternately in a stepped manner, it is possible to avoid friction of the straps [9] which could lead to the formation of an inappropriate axis of rotation.

[0115] All the straps [9] that form the restraint system at the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3] are located between the two sides [33, 34] of the rotating panel [3], more precisely between the first airbag [41A] and the second airbag [41B].

[0116] The restraint system straps[9] are made of woven fabric. In other words, the straps[9] are a series of belts whose tension is varied in response to the inflation and deflation of each of the airbags[41A, 41B], of which at least one is present. The advantage of this configuration is that it is very easy to use and lightweight. At the position of the rotating panel[3], the straps[9] are secured to the rotating panel[3] in some way, such as by welding and / or gluing or sewing.

[0117] As can be seen in Figures 4 and 5, the present invention also proposes a sail rig [1]. This sail rig [1] includes a mast [7], sails [2] fixed to the mast [7] so as not to detach, and the aforementioned rotating panel [3].

[0118] As described above, the practical example shown in Figure 4 introduces a rotating panel [3] located away from the inflatable sail [2] of the rigging [1]. Here, the rotating panel [3] is separated from the sail [2] and combined with the sail [2] via the mast [7], with the mast [7] serving as the support surface for the rotating mechanism of the rotating panel [3]. In this case, a restraining strap [9] is fixed to the mast [7] by some means at its second end so as not to detach.

[0119] Conversely, in the practical example shown in Figure 5, the rotating panel [3] is located on the extension of the straight line of the sail [2] of the rigging [1], the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3] is in direct contact with the support surface of the sail [2], and the rotating device [4] on this support surface is linked when in operation.

[0120] In this practical example, the sail[2] is in particular an inflatable sail[2] which includes a three-dimensional barrier cover

[20] , a leading edge

[22] and a trailing edge

[21] . This cover is an inflatable volume whose boundaries are defined by a ventral surface

[23] and a dorsal surface

[24] and a leading edge

[22] and a trailing edge

[21] , the ventral surface

[23] and a dorsal surface

[24] facing each other and located on either side of the extension axis[O1] of the inflatable sail[2]. The aforementioned leading edge

[22] , trailing edge

[21] , ventral surface

[23] and dorsal surface

[24] determine a predetermined aerodynamic profile of the inflatable sail.

[0121] The inflatable sail[2] is equipped with a three-dimensional barrier cover, which has an inflatable capacity limited by the following elements:

[0122] - An outer surface

[0202] and an inner surface

[0201] facing the outer surface. The inner surface

[0201] faces the outer surface

[0202] , and the outer surface

[0202] and the inner surface

[0201] are connected to each other by multiple connectors

[0206] . The connectors

[0206] are located between the inner surface

[0201] and the outer surface

[0202] .

[0123] - Top surface

[0203] . This top surface connects the outer surface

[0202] to the inner surface

[0201] at the position of the upper edge

[35] of the barrier cover

[20] .

[0124] - Bottom surface

[0204] . This bottom surface connects the outer surface

[0202] to the inner surface

[0201] at the bottom edge

[36] of the barrier cover

[20] .

[0125] - Rear surface

[0205] . This rear surface

[0205] connects the outer surface

[0202] to the inner surface

[0201] at the trailing edge

[21] of the barrier cover

[20] , and the barrier cover

[20] folds back at the leading edge

[22] of the inflatable sail [2] so as to surround the extension axis [O1] of the inflatable sail [2]. This is so that the inflatable sail [2] includes a ventral surface

[23] and a dorsal surface

[24] that are opposite each other and located on either side of the extension axis [O1]. The leading edge

[22] , ventral surface

[23] , and dorsal surface

[24] limit the internal volume [VI] of the inflatable sail [2] that is surrounded by them (using the inner surface

[0201] of the barrier cover

[20] ). The aforementioned ventral

[23] and dorsal

[24] surfaces present a predetermined aerodynamic profile relative to the inflatable sail [2] (utilizing the outer surface

[0202] of the barrier cover

[20] ).

[0126] The barrier cover is formed to constitute an aerodynamic profile for the inflatable sail [2]. This aerodynamic profile is defined by the leading edge

[22] , ventral surface

[23] , dorsal surface

[24] and trailing edge

[21] of the inflatable sail [2], and these surfaces are formed by the barrier cover

[20] being folded over so that it itself surrounds the extension axis [O1] of the inflatable sail [2]. The aerodynamic profile formed by the ventral surface

[23] and dorsal surface

[24] of the inflatable sail [2] using the outer surface

[0202] of the barrier cover

[20] is of the NACA profile type.

[0127] By shaping the barrier cover

[20] in this way, a region of internal volume [VI] between the ventral surface

[23] and the dorsal surface

[24] is defined. As a result, the inflatable sail [2] curves around its extension axis [O1], so that one portion of the inner surface

[0201] and outer surface

[0202] of the barrier cover

[20] is located on one side of the extension axis [O1] (this portion forms the ventral surface

[23] of the inflatable sail [2]), and the other portion of the inner surface

[0201] and outer surface

[0202] of the barrier cover

[20] is located on the other side of the extension axis [O1] (this portion forms the dorsal surface

[24] of the inflatable sail [2]). This configuration is very advantageous because it allows for the formation of an aerodynamic profile in an accurate, robust, and reliable manner while taking advantage of the three-dimensional structure properties that maintain their shape with the connector

[0206] .

[0128] As shown in Figures 5-7, in order to maintain the shape of the inflatable sail [2], the inflatable sail [2] is fitted with several fasteners [5] at its trailing edge

[21] that secure the underside

[23] and backside

[25] of the sail. The fasteners [5] allow the underside

[23] of the inflatable sail [2] to connect to the backside

[24] at its trailing edge

[21] . This advantageous configuration makes it possible to form a desired aerodynamic profile, in addition to the shape of the barrier cover determined in particular by the inner surface

[0201] and outer surface

[0202] . Furthermore, the fasteners [5] help to maintain the overall shape of the inflatable sail [2] and prevent deformation due to the effects of wind on the sail.

[0129] The fasteners [5] are arranged regularly along the trailing edges of the ventral

[23] and dorsal

[24] surfaces, respectively. For example, along the trailing edge

[21] of the inflatable sail [2], adjacent fasteners are spaced 60 cm apart.

[0130] In particular, as shown in Figure 3, each fastener [5] includes the following:

[0131] - A belt

[50] , one end of which is attached to the ventral side

[23] and the other end to the dorsal side

[24] . This belt

[50] is, for example, made of woven cloth or a rope.

[0132] - A single adjustment device

[51] for adjusting the tension of the belt

[50] located on the ventral side

[23] . This first adjustment device

[51] is, for example, shaped like a hook and connected to a hole made above one end of the belt

[50] .

[0133] - Another adjustment device

[51] for adjusting the tension of the belt

[50] located on the back

[24] . This second adjustment device

[51] is, for example, shaped like a hook and connected to a hole opened above the other end of the belt

[50] .

[0134] Each belt

[50] is fitted with a tensioner

[52] which stiffens the belt

[50] between the ventral

[23] and ventral

[24] sides of the inflatable sail [2] and fixes the distance between these two outer edges. The tensioner

[52] prevents the belt

[50] from sagging when a certain tensile force is applied to it. This tensile force on the belt is generated by the rotating panel [3] when the rotating panel [3] is located behind the inflatable sail [2] and is directly attached to the inflatable sail [2] through several fasteners [5] (of the sail), or more precisely, using its belt.

[0135] The tensioner

[52] is of the wing rib type and is positioned between one end and the other end of the connecting belt

[50] . The tensioner

[52] is made of a composite material, which includes carbon fiber and / or glass fiber additives.

[0136] In the practical example shown in Figures 5-7, the rotating panel [3] is connected to the expandable sail [2] at the trailing edge

[21] of the sail [2]. This trailing edge

[21] then serves as a support surface for the rotating mechanism [4] of the rotating panel [3]. In this case, a very advantageous method is that the first end of the multiple straps [9] of the rotating panel [3] restraining system is connected to one of the fasteners of the adjacent inflatable sail [2], in particular to the belt

[50] connecting the inflatable sail [2]. In other words, the second end of the multiple straps [9] of the rotating panel [3] restraining system is connected to the adjacent belt

[50] on the inflatable sail [2], and the multiple belts of the inflatable sail [2] form a fastener, connecting the ventral side

[23] to the dorsal side

[24] at the trailing edge of the inflatable sail [2].

[0137] The tensioners of each belt

[50] that form the fasteners of the inflatable sail [2] can transmit the pressure applied to the support side [31A] of the rotating panel [3] for the aforementioned rotation.

[0138] Thus, it is advantageous that the straps [9] forming the restraint system for the rotating panel [3] are aligned along the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3] that contact the belts that fasten the trailing edge

[21] of the inflatable sail [2].

[0139] The second end of each of the straps[9] is secured to the belt in some way, in particular by sewing or by a removable fastening method such as a fastening hook or clip.

[0140] Finally, Figure 8 shows a vessel [8] equipped with at least one hull

[81] and at least one sail [1], as previously described. The mast [7] of at least one sail [1] is fixed to at least one hull

[81] or to the deck

[82] (connecting the two hulls) of the vessel [8] so as to be rotatable and not detachable.

[0141] In the practical example shown in Figure 8, the vessel [8] is a leisure vessel, specifically a catamaran. Such a catamaran is equipped with, for example, two sets of sails [1], and as mentioned above, each sail [1] is fixed to the deck

[82] (connecting the two hulls) of the vessel [8] near one side of one of the two hulls

[81] .

[0142] In summary, the present invention relates to a rotating panel [3] for use in the sailing [1] of a ship [8], the rotating panel [3] is equipped with one sail [2] of the sailing [1] and operates directly or indirectly with the sail. The rotating panel [3] is equipped with a rotating device that rotates on an axis of rotation along the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3]. The rotating device [4] is equipped with (i) at least one airbag [41A, 41B] and a control device for the volume of air selectively injected into each of the at least one airbag [41A, 41B], inflating or deflating each airbag. This is to apply pressure to the support edge [31A] in order to control the rotation of the rotating panel [3].

[0143] Naturally, the present invention is not limited to the examples described above, and numerous modifications can be made to these examples without going beyond the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various characteristics, shapes, variations, and methods of use of the present invention can be combined in various ways, except in cases where they are incompatible or mutually exclusive. In particular, all of the aforementioned variations and methods of use are combinable.

Claims

1. A rotating panel [3] of one sail rig [1] of a vessel [8] is connected to a sail [2] mounted on the sail rig [1], and the rotating panel [3] is connected to the sail [2]. The rotating panel [3] is positioned along an extension shaft [O1] between the front edge [31] and the rear edge [32] of the rotating panel [3]. The rotating panel [3] includes one rotating device [4] which is rotated by a rotating shaft located on the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3]. The rotating device [4] includes the following: - At least one airbag [41A, 41B] is present. - A control device for the amount of air injected into each of the airbags [41A, 41B], of which at least one exists.

2. A rotating panel [3] as described above, wherein the rotating panel [3] is of an expandable type and includes an expandable cavity [30] located between the front edge [31] and the rear edge [32] of the rotating panel [3].

3. A rotating panel [3] according to any of the above claims, wherein a rotating device [4] is placed along the support edge [31A], and the support edge is - The front edge [31] of the rotating panel [3]. In this case, the rotating panel [3] is located behind one of the sails [2] that is fitted with the rigging [1]. Alternatively, - The rear edge [32] of the rotating panel [3]. In this case, the rotating panel [3] is located in front of one sail [2] which is fitted with a rigging [1].

4. A rotating panel [3] according to any of the above claims, the control device having one pump and at least one fluid pipe, which is fluidly connected to each of the at least one airbag [41A, 41B] present, and which allows for air injection or de-airing to each of the at least one airbag [41A, 41B] present.

5. In a rotating panel [3] according to any of the above claims, for any airbags [41A, 41B] present, the first airbag [41A] is located near the first side of the rotating panel [3] and the other airbag [41B] is located near the other side of the rotating panel [3].

6. A rotating panel [3] according to any of the above claims, wherein the rotating device [4] is equipped with a restraining system for the rotating panel [3] that rotates together with the support surface, the restraining system enabling the rotating panel [3] to rotate around a rotation axis and preventing the rotating panel [3] from moving away from the support surface. The restraining system is equipped with a number of straps [9], the first end of each strap connected to a support side [31A] of the rotating panel [3] and the other end connected to a support surface adjacent to the support side [31A].

7. A rotating panel [3] according to any of the above claims, wherein multiple straps [9] are arranged between the top edge [35] and bottom edge [36] of the rotating panel [3], each intersecting alternately, with the first strap [9] extending from the center of the support edge toward a support surface near one eye side [33] of the rotating panel [3], and the other strap [9] following the first strap [9], extending from the center of the support edge [31A] toward a support surface near the other side [34] of the rotating panel [3].

8. The sails of a ship [8] [1]. The following items are equipped to the sail rig [1]: - A single mast [7]. - An inflatable sail [2] is fixed to the mast [7] so as not to detach. The mast [7] is positioned parallel to the extension axis [O1] of the inflatable sail [2]. The inflatable sail [2] includes a three-dimensional barrier cover [20], which is a single inflatable volume located on both sides of the extension axis [O1] and whose boundaries are defined by its opposing ventral surface [23] and dorsal surface [24] and leading edge [22] and trailing edge [21]. These leading edge [22], trailing edge [21], ventral surface [23] and dorsal surface [24] determine the predetermined aerodynamic profile of the inflatable sail [2]. - A rotating panel [3] according to any of the above claims, wherein the support edge [31A] of the rotating panel [3] is located adjacent to the leading edge [22] or trailing edge [21] of the inflatable sail [2].

9. The sail rigging [1] according to the above claim is combined with the rotating panel [3] according to claims 6 and 7, where the second ends of the multiple straps [9] of the restraining system of the rotating panel [3] are connected to multiple belts of the inflatable sail [2], and these belts of the inflatable sail [2] form fasteners [5] for connecting the ventral side [23] to the dorsal side [24] at the trailing edge of the inflatable sail [2].

10. The ship [8] shall be equipped with the following: - At least one hull [81]. - At least one sailing rig [1] according to any one of the above claims or claim 9. Its mast [7] is fixed to at least one of the hulls [81] in a rotatable but inseparable manner.

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