Wiper insert and tool having the same

Abstract

Book invention The present invention provides a wiper insert and a tool having the same, the wiper insert including a tool body having a cutting portion for cutting a workpiece, the cutting portion including a plurality of wipers, adjacent wipers being connected by a transition surface, and the plurality of wipers having different minor cutting angles. The technical configuration of the present invention can effectively solve the problem in the prior art of losing finishing effect when wiper inserts are attached to different arbors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] "Cross - reference to Related Applications" This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on June 16, 2022, with an application number of 202210682265.9 and an invention title of "Wiper Insert and Tool Having the Same", and a Chinese patent application filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on June 16, 2022, with an application number of 202221504761.7 and an invention title of "Wiper Insert and Tool Having the Same", and all of its content is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This Invention relates to the technical field of tool design, and specifically, to a wiper insert and a tool having the same.

Background Art

[0003] A wiper is a structure of a cutting tool. Structurally, a wiper mainly plays a role in increasing the impact resistance of the cutting edge and reducing the surface roughness of the machined part.

[0004] A wiper tool improves the machining quality of the machined surface by reducing the fitting angle (i.e., the auxiliary cutting angle, usually 0 - 3°) between the cutting edge of the tool and the machined surface, thereby pressing or finishing the machined surface. In conventional tools, only one or two symmetrical wipers exist on one cutting edge so that one wiper tool is attached to a specific arbor and functions only when a specific inclination angle is formed during machining. The same - type insert can correspond to arbors with several cutting angles and right - hand and left - hand arbors. When the wiper tool is exchanged for another arbor, the wiper of the tool becomes invalid. The wiper insert can also become invalid when simultaneously machining different parts such as the outer circle, end face, or profiling.

[0005] Regarding the problem that the finishing effect is lost when wiper inserts are attached to different arbors in the prior art, no effective solution has been proposed at present.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] This Invention mainly aims to provide a wiper insert and a tool having the same to solve the problem that the finishing effect is lost when wiper inserts are attached to different arbors in the prior art.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] To achieve the above object, a wiper insert according to one aspect of this Invention includes a tool body having a cutting portion for machining a workpiece. The cutting portion includes a plurality of wiper blades. Adjacent wiper blades are connected by a transition surface. The secondary cutting angles of the plurality of wiper blades are set to be different.

[0008] Also, the plurality of wiper blades are provided in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of arbors having different preset cutting angles. Thus, when the tool body is connected to any one of the plurality of arbors, there is always a wiper blade corresponding to the arbor, and a finishing operation is performed on the workpiece.

[0009] Also, a mounting hole is provided at the central portion of the wiper insert. The cross-section of the wiper insert along the radial direction of the mounting hole is polygonal, and the cutting portion is provided at at least one vertex angle of the polygon.

[0010] Also, there are two cutting portions, and the two cutting portions are symmetrically provided at 180° with respect to the central axis along the mounting hole.

[0011] Furthermore, adjacent wipers are connected by a transition arc surface or a transition plane. When adjacent wipers are connected by a transition arc surface, the transition arc surface contacts the wiper, and the diameter of the first arc of the transition arc surface is R1 (0.1 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 2 mm).

[0012] Also, the shape of the wiper is an arc or a straight line. When the shape of the wiper is an arc, the diameters of the second arcs of each wiper are set to be the same, the widths of each wiper are set to be the same, the diameter of the second arc is R2 (0.4 mm ≤ R2 ≤ 10 mm), and the width is L1 (0.05 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1 mm).

[0013] Also, a plurality of wipers are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutting portion.

[0014] Also, the wiper insert is manufactured from one of an alloy, a ceramic, a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and a polycrystalline diamond.

[0015] This Invention The tool according to another aspect includes the above-described wiper insert.

Advantages of the Invention

[0016] This Invention According to the technical configuration of this, the tool body includes a cutting portion having a plurality of wipers, and the secondary cutting angles of the plurality of wipers are set to be different. By providing a plurality of wipers with different secondary cutting angles, when the wiper insert is attached to different arbors or when machining workpieces with different shapes, there is always an appropriate wiper, so that finishing can be performed on the machined surface and the surface roughness of the workpiece after machining can be improved. According to the technical configuration of the present application, the problem of losing the finishing effect when the wiper insert is attached to different arbors in the prior art can be effectively solved.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] The drawings, which are part of this application, are this Inventionused to provide a further understanding of the present Invention exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to interpret the present Invention and are not intended to unduly limit the present Invention The schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the wiper insert according to the present invention is shown.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0018] Unless there is a contradiction, the embodiments and features in the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. Hereinafter, the present Invention will be described in detail by combining the drawings and the embodiments.

[0019] The terms used in this specification are InventionThis is only for the purpose of describing the embodiments to be implemented and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context. Further, when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, modules, and / or combinations thereof.

[0020] Note that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims, and the above drawings of the present application are for distinguishing similar objects and are not for explaining a specific order or sequence. Such terms used can be appropriately changed so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than, for example, those illustrated or described herein. Further, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus including a series of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the clearly listed steps or elements, and may include other steps or elements not clearly listed or inherent to such a process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0021] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many different forms and are not limited only to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to thoroughly and completely disclose the present application and to fully convey the concept of these exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and areas may be enlarged and the same reference numerals may be used to represent the same devices, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

[0022] According to the surface roughness calculation formula, both the reduction of the feed rate and the increase of the cutting edge radius can reduce the surface roughness value, but the former reduces the production efficiency and the latter increases the cutting force. By reducing the angle of the secondary cutting edge angle, it is possible to reduce the surface roughness value without reducing the feed rate. The design concept of the wiper insert is to adjust the geometric shape of the cutting edge to approximate an elliptical shape within the maximum cutting edge radius tolerance allowed for a standard insert. In reality, when the tool processes with a feed value F per revolution, a processed surface like a ripple is formed due to the shape of the cutting edge. After adding a wiper (the arc diameter of the wiper is larger than the arc diameter of the cutting edge), it still processes with the feed F, but since the arc becomes larger, the processed surface roughness becomes smaller.

[0023] Based on this, in a conventional wiper insert, only one wiper corresponding to the arbor is provided on one side of the main cutting edge. When the wiper insert is attached to another arbor corresponding to a different cutting angle, the wiper insert cannot contact the machined surface of the workpiece and cannot achieve the finishing effect.

[0024] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 9, a specific embodiment of the present application provides a wiper insert.

[0025] The wiper insert includes a tool body 10 having a cutting portion 20. The cutting portion 20 is used for cutting the workpiece. The cutting portion 20 includes a plurality of wipers 21. Adjacent wipers 21 are connected by a transition surface 30. The secondary cutting edge angles of the plurality of wipers 21 are set to be different.

[0026] According to the technical configuration of this embodiment, the tool body includes a cutting part having a plurality of wiper blades 21. The secondary cutting angles of the plurality of wiper blades 21 are set to be different. By providing a plurality of wiper blades 21 with different secondary cutting angles, when the wiper insert is attached to different arbors or when machining workpieces with different shapes, there is always an appropriate wiper blade 21, so that the machined surface can be finished and the surface roughness of the workpiece after machining can be improved. According to the technical configuration of the present application, the problem of losing the finishing effect when the wiper insert is attached to different arbors in the prior art can be effectively solved. According to the technical configuration of this embodiment, it is applicable to cutting processes with different cutting angles, can expand the use range of the insert with wiper blade 21, and reduce the use cost of the wiper insert, and a new multi-stage finishing tool can be provided.

[0027] Note that the cutting angle of the tool is the angle between the main cutting edge and the feed direction in the reference plane, and the secondary cutting angle is the angle between the secondary cutting edge and the reverse direction of the feed direction in the reference plane. The cutting angle and the secondary cutting angle of the tool have a corresponding relationship, and cutting angle + secondary cutting angle + nose angle = 180°. The cutting angle of the tool is mainly related to the tool model number, arbor and machining position. The arbor is generally distinguished by the cutting angle. Here, when the feed direction changes, the actual cutting angle and secondary cutting angle of the tool also change. For example, when an arbor with a cutting angle of 93° is fed to the left, the actual cutting angle is 93° and the secondary cutting angle is 32°. When this arbor is fed upward, the actual cutting angle becomes 122° and the secondary cutting angle becomes 3°.

[0028] Therefore, when tools are attached to different arbors or when workpieces of different shapes are processed, the wiper failure phenomenon is likely to occur, which affects the surface roughness of the product. How to avoid the occurrence of such a phenomenon and improve the processing accuracy of the product has become a technical problem that must be urgently solved in the industry. According to the technical configuration of the present application, the tool can achieve multi-stage finishing, ensure the effect of the wiper, eliminate the need to replace the tool, greatly save the processing cost, and improve the processing quality.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, the cutting part 20 further includes a cutting edge, and the plurality of wipers 21 are all located on the same side of the cutting edge. During processing, the cutting edge cuts the workpiece, and the wiper 21 trims the surface after cutting to improve the surface roughness of the workpiece.

[0030] In an alternative embodiment, the cross-section of the tool body 10 along the radial direction of the mounting hole is a parallelogram, and the cutting unit is symmetrically installed at the apex angle corresponding to the long diagonal of the parallelogram and located on the upper surface. Each cutting unit includes a main cutting edge formed on the long side of the apex angle and a secondary cutting edge formed on the short side of the apex angle. The wiper 21 is provided between the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge, and the secondary cutting angle of the wiper 21 is provided corresponding to the cutting angles of a plurality of used arbors. The wiper 21 of the turning insert refers to the cutting edge where the insert contacts the machining plane, and the wiper 21 of the turning insert refers to the cutting edge where the insert contacts the outer peripheral surface or the inner peripheral surface of the machining surface. The function of the wiper 21 is similar to that of the secondary edge. The inclination angle of the wiper is generally 0° to 3°, and the length is about twice the movement amount of the cutting tool. The wiper 21 has the function of reducing the roughness of the machining surface and improving the machining quality.

[0031] Furthermore, the plurality of wipers 21 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of arbors having different preset cutting angles. Thus, when the tool body 10 is connected to any one of the plurality of arbors, there is always a wiper 21 corresponding to the arbor, and finishing work can be performed on the workpiece. For example, there are mainly three types of arbors generally used for D-type tools (tools with a 55° angle), namely 93°, 107.5°, and 62.5°. The ones shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are wiper inserts adaptable to any of the above three angles. When the cutting angle corresponding to the arbor connected to the tool body 10 is 62.5°, as shown in FIG. 7, the first wiper among the plurality of wipers 21 is in the working position. When the cutting angle corresponding to the arbor connected to the tool body 10 is 93°, as shown in FIG. 8, the second wiper among the plurality of wipers 21 is in the working position. When the cutting angle corresponding to the arbor connected to the tool body 10 is 107.5°, as shown in FIG. 9, the third wiper among the plurality of wipers 21 is in the working position. The one shown in FIG. 10 is a conventional wiper insert, and this wiper insert is a wiper insert corresponding to an arbor with a cutting angle of 62.5° and can be applied only to the corresponding arbor. When the arbor (the arbor with a cutting angle of 107.5°) is replaced in the wiper insert shown in FIG. 10, the cutting position in contact with the workpiece surface is the transition arc surface 31, and the wiper 21 cannot achieve the finishing effect. According to the technical configuration of this embodiment, even when the wiper 21 is attached to a plurality of arbors corresponding to different cutting angles, there is an appropriate wiper 21, so that it can play a role in finishing the machined surface 50 of the workpiece, and the practicality of the wiper insert can be improved.

[0032] Specifically, a mounting hole 40 is provided at the central portion of the wiper insert. The cross-section of the wiper insert along the radial direction of the mounting hole 40 is polygonal, and a cutting portion 20 is provided at at least one vertex of the polygon. The mounting hole 40 is used to fix the wiper insert to the arbor. The polygon includes structures such as a quadrilateral and a pentagon, but is not limited thereto, and the cutting portion 20 may be designed according to actual requirements.

[0033] Preferably, there are two cutting parts 20. The two cutting parts 20 are symmetrically installed at 180° with respect to the central axis along the mounting hole 40.

[0034] Furthermore, adjacent wipers 21 are connected by a transition arc surface 31 or a transition plane. When adjacent wipers 21 are connected by the transition arc surface 31, the transition arc surface 31 is in contact with the wiper 21, and the diameter of the first arc of the transition arc surface 31 is R1, where 0.1 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 2 mm.

[0035] Furthermore, the shape of the wiper 21 is an arc or a straight line. When the shape of the wiper 21 is an arc, the diameters of the second arcs of each wiper 21 are set to be the same, the widths of each wiper 21 are set to be the same, the diameter of the second arc is R2, and the width is L1, where 0.4 mm ≤ R2 ≤ 10 mm, 0.05 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1 mm. Optionally, the arc is determined by the cutting angle of the tool or the shape of the workpiece to be machined. The diameter of the first arc is set to be smaller than the diameter of the second arc. In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting part 20 is composed of n wipers, n is any integer greater than or equal to 2, the wiper insert is attached to the arbor, and the angle between the cutting part of the insert and the workpiece part to be machined is in the range of 0° to 3°.

[0036] In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting part 20 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped wipers 21. All the wipers 21 have the same second arc diameter and width and are evenly distributed. The diameters of the second arcs are all 0.4 to 10 mm, and the width of the wiper is 0.05 to 1 mm. The arcs of the wipers 21 are connected and adjacent to each other by a transition arc, and the diameter of the transition arc is r = 0.02 mm. Optionally, the arcs of the wipers 21 are connected by a curved surface that satisfies a preset functional relationship.

[0037] In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting part 20 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped wiper blades 21, and the arcs of different wiper blades 21 have different second arc diameters and widths. The angle of the wiper blade 21 is designed based on the cutting angle of the arbor corresponding to the insert and the machining position of the workpiece to be machined, and the insert can be applied to arbors with any cutting angle.

[0038] In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting part 20 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped wiper blades 21, and the arcs of different wiper blades 21 have different second arc diameters and widths. Optionally, at least one of the second arc diameters and widths of different wiper blades 21 is set to be the same, and the angles of some of the wiper blades are designed based on the cutting angle of the arbor corresponding to the insert, and the wiper insert can be applied to arbors with any cutting angle. The remaining wiper blades 21 are evenly distributed among the already determined wiper blades 21.

[0039] Specifically, the wiper insert includes a top surface and a lower positioning surface provided opposite to each other. The wiper blade 21 is set such that the blade width gradually decreases along the direction from the top surface to the lower positioning surface.

[0040] Optionally, the plurality of wiper blades 21 are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutting part 20. When provided in this way, the usage range of the wiper insert can be further expanded, and the finishing effect on the workpiece can be enhanced.

[0041] To ensure that the wiper insert has good mechanical strength, the wiper insert is manufactured from one of alloy, ceramic, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and polycrystalline diamond.

[0042] Another aspect of the present application provides a tool including a wiper insert, where the wiper insert is the wiper insert in the above embodiments. The tool includes an arbor, and a step for attaching the wiper insert is provided on the arbor. A screw hole is provided in the step. When the wiper insert is attached to the step, the screw hole is coaxial with the attachment hole of the insert, and the insert is fixed to the cutter by a bolt.

[0043] In an alternative embodiment, a chip breaker is provided on the top surface of the tool body 10. The chip breaker is provided in proximity to the wiper 21 and is an arcuate groove.

[0044] For the sake of convenience of description, in this specification, in order to describe the spatial positional relationship between one device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the drawings, spatial relative terms such as "above...", "above...", "upper surface of...", "upper" can be used. The spatial relative terms can be intended to include different orientations during use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the drawings. For example, when the device in the drawing is inverted, a device described as "above another device or structure" or "on another device or structure" is positioned as "below another device or structure" or "under another device or structure". Therefore, the exemplary term "above..." may include two directions, "above..." and "below...". The device may be positioned in other different forms (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the corresponding interpretation may be made for the spatial relative description used here.

[0045] In addition to the above, "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "embodiment", etc. mentioned in this specification refer to that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in accordance with the corresponding embodiment are included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The same expressions appearing in multiple places in the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when explaining one specific feature, structure or characteristic with reference to any embodiment, it is also within the scope of this Invention to realize such features, structures or characteristics with reference to other embodiments.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, the relevant descriptions of other embodiments can be referred to.

[0047] The content described above is only a preferred embodiment of this Invention and does not limit this Invention . Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to this Invention . Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this Invention should be included within the protection scope of this Invention .

Explanation of Reference Signs

[0048] 10 Tool body 20 Cutting part 21 Wiper 30 Transition surface 31 Transition arc surface 40 Mounting hole 50 Workpiece surface

Claims

1. A wiper insert applicable to a plurality of arbors with different main cutting angles, including a tool body (10) having a cutting portion (20) for machining a workpiece, the cutting portion (20) includes a cutting edge, a cutting blade, and a plurality of wipers (21), and the plurality of wipers (21) are all located on the same side of the cutting blade at the cutting edge, and adjacent wipers (21) are connected by a transition surface, the secondary cutting angles of the plurality of wipers (21) are respectively set to correspond to the main cutting angles of the plurality of arbors, so as to correspond one-to-one to the plurality of arbors having different preset main cutting angles. According to this correspondence relationship, no matter which arbor among the plurality of arbors the tool body (10) is mounted on, there is always a wiper (21) corresponding to this arbor, and finishing work is performed on the workpiece with this corresponding wiper (21). A wiper insert characterized by the above.

2. An attachment hole (40) is provided at the central portion of the wiper insert, the cross-section of the wiper insert along the radial direction of the attachment hole (40) is polygonal, the cutting portion (20) is provided at at least one vertex angle of the polygon. The wiper insert according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

3. There are two cutting portions (20), and the two cutting portions (20) are symmetrically provided at 180° with respect to the central axis along the attachment hole (40). The wiper insert according to claim 2, characterized by the above.

4. Adjacent wipers (21) are connected by a transition arc surface (31) or a transition plane, when adjacent wipers (21) are connected by a transition arc surface (31), the transition arc surface (31) is in contact with the wiper (21), and the first arc diameter of the transition arc surface (31) is R1 (0.1 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 2 mm). The wiper insert according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

5. The shape of the wiper (21) is an arc or a straight line, when the shape of the wiper (21) is an arc, the second arc diameters of the wipers (21) are set to be the same, the widths of the wipers (21) are set to be the same, the second arc diameter is R2 (0.4 mm ≤ R2 ≤ 10 mm), and the width is L1 (0.05 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1 mm). The wiper insert according to claim 1, characterized in that...

6. A plurality of said wipers (21) are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of said cutting portion (20). The wiper insert according to claim 2, characterized in that...

7. Said wiper insert is manufactured from one of alloy, ceramic, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and polycrystalline diamond. The wiper insert according to claim 1, characterized in that...

8. A tool comprising the wiper insert according to any one of claims 1 to 7. Characterized in that...

Images