Traction motor

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.SUBSTANCE: traction electric motor comprises a stator with poles and an anchor with a collector. The design includes an air duct with a box, an inlet for cooling air and an outlet on the opposite side of the anchor. On the side of the box facing the collector, spiral-shaped ribs are installed in the radial direction from the upper edge of the box in the direction tangential to the surface of the anchor collector.EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of cooling the commutator and armature of the traction electric motor and preventing their overheating during operation.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

[0001] Field of technology to which the invention relates

[0002] The proposed invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used in traction electric motors of locomotives.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] The design of the anchor of the EDU-133 DC traction electric motor is known (Grishchenko A. V., Kazachenko E. V. New electric machines of locomotives. Textbook for higher education institutions of railway transport. - M .: State Educational Institution "Training and Methodological Center for Education in Railway Transport", 2008. - P. 64, Fig. 1.31). An air duct is located in the stator housing of the electric motor, through the inlet of which air is pumped under pressure to cool the components of the electric motor. Air enters the cavity above the collector, strikes its surface and passes further into the stator. The layer of compressed air created above the collector plates rotates together with the collector due to the presence of insulating grooves between its plates. The resulting layer of compressed air reduces the efficiency of armature cooling during operation.

[0005] A traction motor is also known, according to patent No. 2800043, which contains a duct with a diffuser in the motor's air duct, dividing the cooling air flow into cooling the internal cavity of the armature and the commutator. This solution is accepted as the closest equivalent.

[0006] The disadvantage of this design is that the cooling air entering the electric motor impacts the surface of the rotating armature commutator. Under the pressure of the incoming air flow, it forms a layer of compressed air directly on the surface of the commutator plates. This layer rotates with the commutator due to the presence of insulating grooves between its plates. The rotating layer of heated compressed air prevents fresh portions of cooling air from reaching the commutator plates, reducing the cooling efficiency of the commutator and armature and causing them to overheat during operation.

[0007] Disclosure of invention

[0008] The objective of the proposed invention is to develop a cooling system for a traction electric motor that does not create a layer of compressed air heated by the plates on the surface of the collector, rotating together with the armature collector.

[0009] The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the efficiency of cooling the collector and armature of the traction electric motor and preventing their overheating during operation.

[0010] The stated objective and technical result are achieved by installing spiral fins on the side of the box facing the armature commutator, radially extending from the top edge of the box, tangentially to the commutator surface. The spiral fins direct the flow of cooling air from the air duct tangentially to the armature commutator plates and displace the layer of air heated by the plates into the cavity between the armature and the poles. The new flow of cooling air from the spiral fins prevents the formation of a layer of heated compressed air around the armature commutator plates, rotating with the armature commutator.

[0011] Brief description of drawings

[0012] Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the traction motor, Fig. 2 shows a front view of the side of the box facing the collector.

[0013] Implementation of the invention

[0014] Traction electric motor 1 comprises an anchor 2 with a commutator 3, the shaft 6 of which rests on bearing assemblies 7. Poles 5 with excitation windings 4 are fixed around the inner surface of the stator housing. An inlet 8 is provided in the stator housing for the passage of cooling air through the motor air duct. A box 9 with spiral-shaped fins 10 on the side facing the commutator is located in the air duct.

[0015] The cooling efficiency of the traction electric motor is improved as follows (implementation example). During operation, the proposed design of the traction electric motor 1 allows a portion of the cooling air to be directed tangentially along the spiral fins 10 to the commutator 3 and to displace the layer of cooling air heated by the commutator plates from their surface into the space between the stator and the armature 2 and then to the outlet of the traction electric motor 1. The new flow of cooling air from the spiral fins 10 prevents the formation of a layer of heated compressed air around the commutator plates of the armature 2, rotating together with the commutator 3 of the armature 2.

[0016] Thus, the proposed design can improve the efficiency of the traction motor cooling system.

Claims

A traction electric motor comprising a stator with poles, an anchor with a commutator, and an air duct with a box for the intake of cooling air and an outlet on the opposite side of the anchor, characterized in that on the side of the box facing the commutator, spiral-shaped ribs are installed in a radial direction from the upper edge of the box in a direction tangential to the surface of the anchor commutator.

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