Pyrolysis apparatus using solar energy heat collection vacuum tube

Abstract

A pyrolysis apparatus using a solar energy heat collection vacuum tube, according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with at least one heat collection vacuum tube which accommodates therein a pyrolysis material for pyrolysis and is configured to collect solar energy heat from the outside and pyrolyze the pyrolysis material therein, wherein the heat collection vacuum tube includes: an inner tube which has formed thereon a pyrolysis material inlet and contains the pyrolysis material, and which has an optical coating formed to increase the absorption rate of the solar energy; an outer tube which forms, with the inner tube, a vacuum space for insulation on the outside of the inner tube; and an opening and closing means configured to open and close the pyrolysis material inlet.

Description

Pyrolysis device using solar energy collector vacuum tube

[0001] The present invention relates to a pyrolysis device, and more particularly, to a pyrolysis device using a solar energy collecting vacuum tube that performs pyrolysis using a solar energy collecting vacuum tube.

[0002] At the 58th General Assembly of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the urgency of short-term climate action was emphasized through the IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), pointing out the limitations of the previous Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol, and the Paris Agreement.

[0003] In particular, reduction of fossil fuel use, utilization of CCS technology, circular resource flows, and biofuels were suggested as short-term response measures.

[0004] Organic matter such as agricultural by-products and organic wastes are expected to be converted into bio-SRF fuel as a carbon-neutral energy source, and it is expected that carbon neutrality and negative can be achieved by producing high-quality solid fuel or biochar through the pyrolysis process.

[0005] However, conventional pyrolysis technology has the problem that the energy required for pyrolysis must be supplied from fossil fuels, and since mass production is required to increase production efficiency, separate technology development suitable for small-scale production facilities is necessary due to the characteristics of biomass fuel suitable for distributed energy sources.

[0006] As prior art, there is Korean Patent No. 10-0967906.

[0007] The present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pyrolysis device using a solar energy collection vacuum tube, which is environmentally friendly by performing pyrolysis using a solar energy collection vacuum tube, thereby not requiring the energy required for pyrolysis to be supplied from fossil fuels, and which can be applied to small-scale production facilities suitable for the characteristics of biomass fuel.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pyrolysis device comprising one or more solar collector vacuum tubes configured to accommodate a pyrolysis material for pyrolysis therein and to collect solar energy from the outside to pyrolyze the pyrolysis material inside, wherein the solar collector vacuum tubes include an inner tube having a pyrolysis material inlet formed therein to contain the pyrolysis material and having an optical coating to increase the absorption rate of the visible light and ultraviolet light regions of the solar energy; an outer tube forming a vacuum space for insulation between the inner tube and the outer tube; and an opening and closing means configured to open and close the pyrolysis material inlet.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the optical coating is characterized by having a reflectivity characteristic of less than 10% at a wavelength of 0.25 to less than 1.0 μm, a reflectivity characteristic of 10% to less than 99% at a wavelength of 1.0 to less than 3.0 μm, and a reflectivity characteristic of 80% to greater than 3.0 μm.

[0010] In addition, the pyrolysis device using the solar energy collecting vacuum tube further includes a plurality of pyrolysis process monitoring sensors for monitoring the pyrolysis environment inside and outside the collecting vacuum tube, and a slope adjustment means for adjusting the slope of the collecting vacuum tube toward the pyrolysis material input side and the by-product discharge side, and when the pyrolysis process inside the collecting vacuum tube is determined to be completed through the pyrolysis process monitoring sensors, the slope adjustment means is controlled to adjust the slope of the collecting vacuum tube toward the by-product discharge side to discharge the by-product, and when the discharge of the by-product inside the collecting vacuum tube is determined to be completed through the pyrolysis process monitoring sensors, the slope adjustment means is controlled to adjust the slope of the collecting vacuum tube toward the pyrolysis material input side to discharge the pyrolysis material.

[0011] In addition, the thermal decomposition process monitoring sensor includes a thermal decomposition process detection sensor configured to detect at least one of the temperature and gas components within the thermal collection vacuum tube to detect the thermal decomposition progress of the thermal decomposition material; a thermal decomposition performance detection sensor configured to detect the temperature within the thermal collection vacuum tube to detect the performance of the thermal decomposition device; a vacuum tube inclination detection sensor configured to detect the inclination or angle of the thermal collection vacuum tube; and an external environment information detection sensor configured to detect at least one of the solar irradiance and the presence of precipitation.

[0012] In addition, the temperature inside the heat collecting vacuum tube is detected through a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is arranged at the pyrolysis material inlet of the heat collecting vacuum tube or inserted into the inside of the heat collecting vacuum tube, and is configured to detect the temperature inside the heat collecting vacuum tube in a contact or non-contact manner.

[0013] In addition, in a preferred embodiment, the solar energy collecting vacuum tube-using thermal decomposition device further includes a reflector disposed around the collecting vacuum tube to reflect the solar energy to the collecting vacuum tube, and the reflector may be a flat reflector disposed on one or both sides of the collecting vacuum tube and adjusting a distance from the collecting vacuum tube according to the amount of solar energy collected by the vacuum tube and the altitude or orientation of the sun, or may be provided as a plurality of arch-shaped reflectors that are connected to each other by a hinge and unfold in a direction that surrounds or extends the collecting vacuum tube according to the amount of solar energy collected by the vacuum tube.

[0014] A pyrolysis device using a solar energy collection vacuum tube according to an embodiment of the present invention performs pyrolysis using a solar energy collection vacuum tube, and thus does not receive energy required for pyrolysis from fossil fuels, and is thus environmentally friendly and exhibits excellent effects that can be applied to small-scale production facilities in a manner suitable for the characteristics of biomass fuel.

[0015] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a thermal decomposition device using a solar energy collection vacuum tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal decomposition process monitoring sensor.

[0017] Figures 3 (a) and (b) are exemplary drawings of a heat collection vacuum tube that automatically inputs and discharges pyrolysis material while adjusting the inclination toward the pyrolysis material input side and the by-product output side using a slope control means and a pyrolysis process monitoring sensor.

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a thermal decomposition device using a solar energy collection vacuum tube of the present invention provided with a flat reflector, viewed from the front.

[0019] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a thermal decomposition device using a solar energy collecting vacuum tube of the present invention provided with a plurality of arch-shaped reflectors, viewed from a planar direction.

[0020] The present invention provides a pyrolysis device using a solar energy collecting vacuum tube, which comprises at least one collector vacuum tube configured to accommodate a pyrolysis material for pyrolysis therein and collect solar energy from the outside to pyrolyze the pyrolysis material inside, wherein the collector vacuum tube comprises an inner tube having a pyrolysis material inlet formed therein to contain the pyrolysis material and having an optical coating to increase the absorption rate of the visible light and ultraviolet light regions of the solar energy; an outer tube forming a vacuum space for insulation between the inner tube and the outer tube; and an opening and closing means configured to open and close the pyrolysis material inlet.

[0021] The terms used in the present invention are selected from the most widely used general terms as much as possible, but in certain cases, there are terms arbitrarily selected by the applicant. In such cases, the meaning should be understood by considering the meaning described or used in the detailed description of the invention, rather than the simple name of the term.

[0022] Hereinafter, the technical configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments illustrated in the attached drawings.

[0023] However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms. Like reference numbers designate like elements throughout the specification.

[0024] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a thermal decomposition device using a solar energy collection vacuum tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] First, referring to FIG. 1, a solar energy collecting vacuum tube-based pyrolysis device (hereinafter referred to as a “pyrolysis device”) according to an embodiment of the present invention is a pyrolysis device provided with one or more collecting vacuum tubes (110) configured to accommodate a pyrolysis material (M) for pyrolysis therein and collect solar energy (S) from the outside to pyrolyze the pyrolysis material (M) inside.

[0026] That is, the pyrolysis device of the present invention may be composed of one heat collecting vacuum tube (110), or may be composed of a plurality of heat collecting vacuum tubes (110) aligned in a specific direction as shown in the drawing.

[0027] At this time, the plurality of heat collecting vacuum tubes (110) may have equal or different spacings from each other, and although it is preferable that they be aligned in a row in the horizontal or vertical direction, they do not necessarily have to be aligned in a row.

[0028] The heat collection vacuum tube (110) constituting the pyrolysis device of the present invention may be composed of an inner tube (111) and an outer tube (112).

[0029] Specifically, the inner tube (111) has a pyrolysis material inlet (111a) formed on one side so that pyrolysis material (M) can be contained inside, and the surface can be optically coated to increase the absorption rate of solar energy (S).

[0030] The optical coating may be a coating having a reflectivity characteristic of less than 10% at a wavelength of 0.25 or more and less than 1.0 ㎛, a reflectivity characteristic of 10% or more and less than 99% at a wavelength of 1.0 or more and less than 3.0 ㎛, and a reflectivity characteristic of 80% or more at 3.0 ㎛ or more.

[0031] In order for the thermal decomposition device of the present invention to effectively thermally decompose, the heat collecting vacuum tube (110) must absorb external heat and reflect internal heat internally without emitting it to the outside. The optical coating absorbs visible light and ultraviolet rays, converts them into heat, and conducts them to the thermal decomposition material (M) inside, and reflects infrared rays generated due to thermal decomposition of the thermal decomposition material (M) inside the thermal decomposition tube (110) to increase thermal decomposition efficiency.

[0032] Here, the wavelength of 0.25 or more and less than 1.0㎛ is a wavelength including the visible light and ultraviolet ranges, and the wavelength of 3.0㎛ or more is a wavelength including the infrared range, and depending on the reflectivity characteristics of the optical coating as described above, absorption of external heat and prevention of leakage of internal heat can be effectively achieved.

[0033] The outer tube (112) is formed on the outside of the inner tube (111), and can be configured to surround the inner tube (111) from the outside, excluding the pyrolysis material inlet (111a). At this time, the outer tube (112) is configured to be spaced apart from the inner tube (111), and a vacuum space (113) for insulating the heat collection vacuum tube (110) is formed between the outer tube (112) and the inner tube (111).

[0034] Preferably, the outer tube (112) may be formed as an integral part of the inner tube (111) from the outside of the inner tube (111), but on the other hand, it may be formed as a dual part from the inner tube (111), so that the inner tube (111) can be inserted into the outer tube (112).

[0035] In addition, it is preferable that the inner tube (111) and the outer tube (112) are made of the same material and are made of heat-resistant glass, but this is not necessarily limited to the case and they may be made of different materials.

[0036] The opening / closing means (114) is configured to open and close the pyrolysis material input port (111a), so that when the heat collection vacuum tube (110) is in pyrolysis operation, the pyrolysis material input port (111a) is closed to form a vacuum inside, and when the pyrolysis operation is not performed, the pyrolysis material input port (111a) is opened to enable the input or discharge of the pyrolysis material (M).

[0037] In the case of the opening / closing means (114), it may be configured to be separated from the external pipe (112) in the form of a cap as shown in the drawing, but it is not limited thereto and may be configured to open / close in a form in which a portion is fixed to the external pipe (112).

[0038] And, preferably, the opening / closing means (114) may be of a type that, when the inner tube (111) and the outer tube (112) are dualized, closes the pyrolysis material inlet (111a) and simultaneously closes the outer tube (112).

[0039] Meanwhile, the pyrolysis device (100) may be configured to further include a plurality of pyrolysis process monitoring sensors (120) and a slope control means (130).

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal decomposition process monitoring sensor.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 2, the pyrolysis process monitoring sensor (120) is composed of a plurality of sensors that monitor the pyrolysis environment inside and outside the heat collection vacuum tube (110).

[0042] Specifically, the pyrolysis process monitoring sensor (120) includes all or part of a pyrolysis process identification sensor (121) configured to detect at least one of the temperature and gas components within a heat collecting vacuum tube and to identify the progress of pyrolysis of a pyrolysis material, a pyrolysis performance identification sensor (122) configured to detect the temperature within a heat collecting vacuum tube (110) and to identify the performance of a pyrolysis device (100), a vacuum tube inclination identification sensor (123) configured to identify the inclination or angle of the heat collecting vacuum tube (110), and an external environment information identification sensor (124) configured to detect at least one of the solar irradiance and the presence or absence of precipitation.

[0043] The above thermal decomposition process monitoring sensor (120) can also be linked to a monitoring terminal that can be visually checked by an operator, and the sensing status or characteristics can be displayed in real time.

[0044] In addition, the above-mentioned pyrolysis process monitoring sensor (120) may be linked with a slope control means (130) to automatically inject pyrolysis material into the heat collection vacuum tube (110) and automatically discharge by-products obtained by pyrolyzing the pyrolysis material.

[0045] Figures 3 (a) and (b) are exemplary drawings of a heat collection vacuum tube that automatically inputs and discharges pyrolysis material while adjusting the inclination toward the pyrolysis material input side and the by-product output side using a slope control means and a pyrolysis process monitoring sensor.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 3, the inclination control means (130) can be configured to control the inclination of the heat collection vacuum tube (110) toward the input side (10) of the pyrolysis material (M) and the by-product discharge side (20).

[0047] Here, the input side (10) of the pyrolysis material (M) is the side where the pyrolysis material (M) to be used is transported through a conveyor (11) or the like to input the pyrolysis material (M) into the heat collection vacuum tube (110), and the by-product discharge side (20) is a receiving space where the pyrolysis material (M) inside the heat collection vacuum tube (110) is pyrolyzed and discharged as a by-product (O) such as solid fuel.

[0048] The pyrolysis device (100) of the present invention can be configured such that when the pyrolysis process in the heat collection vacuum tube (110) is determined to be completed through the pyrolysis process monitoring sensor (120), the slope adjustment means (130) is controlled to adjust the slope of the heat collection vacuum tube (110) toward the by-product discharge side (20) to discharge the by-product, and when the discharge of the by-product (O) in the heat collection vacuum tube (110) is determined to be completed through the pyrolysis process monitoring sensor (120), the slope adjustment means (130) is controlled to adjust the slope of the heat collection vacuum tube (110) toward the pyrolysis material input side (10) to input the pyrolysis material.

[0049] Meanwhile, the temperature detection of the thermal decomposition process detection sensor (121) or the thermal decomposition performance detection sensor (122) may be performed through one temperature sensor or may be performed by placing different temperature sensors.

[0050] In addition, the temperature sensor may be installed in a manner such that it is mounted on the pyrolysis material inlet (111a) of the heat collection vacuum tube (110) or may be inserted into the inside of the heat collection vacuum tube (110) using a rod or the like, so as to detect the temperature inside the heat collection vacuum tube (110) in a contact or non-contact manner. In this case, there is more than one location measured by the temperature sensor.

[0051] In addition, the thermal decomposition device (100) of the present invention may be provided with a reflector around the thermal collection vacuum tube (110) to reflect solar energy to the thermal collection vacuum tube (110) in order to further increase the thermal efficiency of the thermal collection vacuum tube (110).

[0052] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a solar energy collection vacuum tube-based thermal decomposition device of the present invention provided with a flat reflector as viewed from the front, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a solar energy collection vacuum tube-based thermal decomposition device of the present invention provided with a plurality of arch-shaped reflectors as viewed from the planar direction.

[0053] Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the reflector may be provided as a flat reflector (140) arranged on one or both sides of the heat collecting vacuum tube (110), as shown in FIG. 4, for example.

[0054] At this time, the flat reflector (140) can be configured in a form in which the distance between the collector vacuum tube (110) and the collector vacuum tube (110) is adjusted according to the amount of solar energy collected by the collector vacuum tube (110) and the altitude or direction of the sun, such as by moving closer or further away from the collector vacuum tube (110).

[0055] Additionally, the reflector may be provided as a plurality of arch-shaped reflectors (145) connected to each other by hinges (145a), as shown in another example in FIG. 5.

[0056] At this time, the plurality of arch-shaped reflectors (145) can be configured to be folded in a direction that wraps around the collector vacuum tube (110) or spread out in an active direction by the operation of the hinge (145a) depending on the amount of solar energy collected by the collector vacuum tube (110) and the altitude or direction of the sun.

[0057] The pyrolysis device (100) of the present invention as described above can process agricultural by-products, organic waste, waste wood, etc. into solid biofuel when inputting the pyrolysis material (M), and at this time, through the pyrolysis process, can produce high-grade solid fuel with improved performance or soil improver such as biochar as a by-product.

[0058] In particular, it is environmentally friendly and can be applied to small-scale production facilities by using solar energy as a pyrolysis energy source rather than fossil fuels, showing excellent advantages suitable for the characteristics of biomass.

[0059] As described above, the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to preferred embodiments, but is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains within a scope that does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

[0060] [Explanation of symbols]

[0061] 10: Pyrolysis material input side

[0062] 20: Byproduct discharge side

[0063] 100: Pyrolysis device using solar energy collector vacuum tube

[0064] 110: Collector vacuum tube

[0065] 111: Inner tube

[0066] 111a: Pyrolysis material input port

[0067] 112: External view

[0068] 113: Vacuum space

[0069] 114: Opening and closing means

[0070] 120: Pyrolysis process monitoring sensor

[0071] 121: Pyrolysis process detection sensor

[0072] 122: Thermal decomposition performance sensor

[0073] 123: Vacuum tube tilt detection sensor

[0074] 124: External environment information acquisition sensor

[0075] 130: Tilt adjustment means

[0076] 140: Flat reflector

[0077] 145: Arched reflector

[0078] 145a: Hinge

[0079] S: Solar energy

[0080] M: Pyrolysis material

[0081] O: By-product

Claims

1. A pyrolysis device having one or more heat collecting vacuum tubes configured to accommodate pyrolysis material for pyrolysis inside and to collect solar energy from the outside to pyrolyze the pyrolysis material inside, The above-mentioned vacuum tube, An inner tube having a pyrolysis material inlet formed therein to contain the pyrolysis material, and having an optical coating to increase the absorption rate of the visible light and ultraviolet regions of the solar energy; An outer tube forming a vacuum space for insulation between the inner tube and the outer tube of the inner tube; and A pyrolysis device using a solar energy collection vacuum tube, comprising an opening and closing means configured to open and close the pyrolysis material inlet.

2. In paragraph 1, The above optical coating, A thermal decomposition device using a solar energy collection vacuum tube, characterized in that it has a reflectivity characteristic of less than 10% at a wavelength of 0.25 or more and less than 1.0㎛, a reflectivity characteristic of 10% or more and less than 99% at a wavelength of 1.0 or more and less than 3.0㎛, and a reflectivity characteristic of 80% or more at a wavelength of 3.0㎛ or more.

3. In paragraph 1, A plurality of thermal decomposition process monitoring sensors that monitor the thermal decomposition environment inside and outside the above-mentioned thermal collector vacuum tube, and The above-mentioned heat collecting vacuum tube further includes a slope adjustment means capable of adjusting the slope toward the pyrolysis material input side and the by-product discharge side, When the thermal decomposition process monitoring sensor determines that the thermal decomposition process within the thermal collector vacuum tube is completed, the inclination control means is controlled to adjust the inclination of the thermal collector vacuum tube toward the by-product discharge side to discharge the by-product. A solar energy thermal decomposition device using a vacuum tube, characterized in that when the discharge of the byproduct in the thermal decomposition process monitoring sensor is determined to be complete, the tilt control means is controlled to adjust the tilt of the thermal decomposition vacuum tube toward the thermal decomposition material input side, thereby inputting the thermal decomposition material.

4. In paragraph 3, The above thermal decomposition process monitoring sensor is, A pyrolysis process detection sensor configured to detect at least one of the temperature and gas components within the above-described pyrolysis vacuum tube and to detect the progress of pyrolysis of a pyrolysis material; A pyrolysis performance detection sensor configured to detect the temperature within the above-mentioned pyrolysis vacuum tube and to detect the performance of the pyrolysis device; A vacuum tube inclination detection sensor that detects the inclination or angle of the above-mentioned vacuum tube, and A pyrolysis device using a solar energy collection vacuum tube, comprising an external environment information acquisition sensor configured to detect at least one of solar irradiance and precipitation.

5. In paragraph 4, The temperature inside the above-mentioned vacuum tube is detected through a temperature sensor, The above temperature sensor, A solar energy collecting vacuum tube-using pyrolysis device characterized in that it is arranged in the pyrolysis material inlet of the collecting vacuum tube or inserted into the inside of the collecting vacuum tube, and configured to detect the temperature inside the collecting vacuum tube in a contact or non-contact manner.

6. In paragraph 1, A reflector is further provided around the above-mentioned collector vacuum tube to reflect the solar energy to the collector vacuum tube. The above reflector is, It is provided with a flat reflector that is placed on one or both sides of the above-mentioned vacuum collector tube and adjusts the distance from the vacuum collector tube according to the amount of solar energy collected by the vacuum collector tube and the altitude or direction of the sun, or A pyrolysis device using a solar energy collecting vacuum tube, characterized in that it is provided with a plurality of arch-shaped reflectors that are connected to each other by hinges and that wrap around or spread out in a direction that surrounds the collecting vacuum tube according to the amount of solar energy collected by the vacuum tube by the operation of the hinges.

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