Compositions and methods to reduce intestinal permeability in irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea

Abstract

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating a disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability in a subject wherein the disease or condition associate with intestinal permeability is selected from the group consisting of irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea (IBS-BAD). Method disclosed herein may also include providing to a subject a composition comprising at least one fiber source and an effective amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine.

Description

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS TO REDUCE INTESTINAL PERMEABILITYIN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME-BILE ACID DIARRHEAField

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of food and beverage supplements, food ingredients or additives, a medical food, nutraceutical or pharmaceutical compositions. More specifically, the disclosure relates to methods and compositions to improve, maintain, and / or reduce intestinal permeability conditions associated in irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea.BACKGROUND

[0002] The intestinal barrier is an important component of the gastrointestinal (GI) system, playing a role in maintaining overall health and homeostasis. This barrier is comprised of several layers including the mucosal lining, a layer of epithelial cells, and a mucus layer, all of which work synergistically to prevent the entry of harmful pathogens and toxins into the body while allowing for the selective absorption of nutrients and water. Disruptions in the integrity of this barrier are implicated in the pathogenesis of various GI disorders. Recent research highlights the intestinal barrier's susceptibility to disruptions caused by dietary factors, stress, genetic predispositions, and environmental triggers. These disruptions can lead to a condition known as "leaky gut," where increased intestinal permeability allows for the translocation of bacteria and toxins into the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is linked to a variety of systemic and local inflammatory responses and has been implicated in numerous diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and food allergies.SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0003] Aspects of the disclosure relate to a method for treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating a disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability in a subject. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition including an effective amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof, wherein the disease or condition associate with intestinal permeability is selected from the group consisting of irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea (IBS-BAD). In someembodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition including at least one fiber source and an effective amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof, wherein the disease or condition associate with intestinal permeability is selected from the group consisting of irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea (IBS-BAD). In some embodiments, the composition includes from about 3g to about 20g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition includes from about 5% to about 30% of the at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD restores gut microbiome. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD restores mucus layer thickness in the subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD reduces inflammation in the subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD reduces infection rate in the subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD improves nutrient absorption. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD boosts immune function of the intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD treats, improves, reduces, or ameliorates Bile Acid Malabsorption (BAM). In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD treats, improves, reduces, or ameliorates chronic diarrhea. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS- BAD treats, improves, reduces, or ameliorates abdominal pain and cramping. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD treats, improves, reduces, or ameliorates bloating and gas. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD treats, improves, reduces, or ameliorates fatty food intolerance. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD treats, improves, reduces, or ameliorates deficient bile acid reabsorption. In some embodiments, wherein the subject is provided at least 10 grams of the at least one fiber source twice daily. In someembodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to a subject on a Mediterranean diet. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for a period of continuous administration to treat the disease or condition associated with IBS-BAD. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g.

[0004] Some aspects of the disclosure relate to a method to restore intestinal barrier integrity in a subject with higher levels of increased mucosal permeability. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition including at least one fiber source and an effective amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof, wherein restoring intestinal barrier integrity in the subject with higher levels of increased mucosal permeability intestinal permeability improves a disease or condition associated with irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea (IBS-BAD). In some embodiments, the composition includes from about 3g to about 20g of the at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition includes from about 5% to about 30% of the at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds,sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD restores gut microbiome. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD restores mucus layer thickness in the subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD reduces inflammation in the subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD reduces infection rate in the subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, the subject is provided at least 10 grams of the at least one fiber source twice daily. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to a subject on a Mediterranean diet. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for a period of continuous administration to treat the disease or condition associated with IBS-BAD. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g.

[0005] Some aspects relate to a food product. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least one fiber source from about 3g to about 20g, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg, and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in an amountfrom about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the food product is in the form selected from the group consisting of butter, margarine, sweet or savory spreads, condiment, biscuits, food bar, crisp, cracker, granola, health bar, bread, cake, cereal, candy, confectionery, soup, milk, yogurt or a fermented milk product, cheese, juice-based and vegetable-based beverages, functional beverage, powdered beverage mix, fermented beverages, shakes, flavored waters, tea, and oil. In some embodiments, the food product is a food bar. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the food product further includes a carbohydrate, a protein, a starch, a flour, a fat, a salt, a preservative, a vitamin, a mineral, a flavoring agent, or a combination thereof.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] The features and advantages of the compositions and methods described herein will become apparent from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. These drawings depict certain aspects of the compositions and methods described in the present application, and thus, are not to be considered limiting. In the drawings, similar reference numbers or symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The drawings may not be drawn to scale.

[0007] FIG. 1 illustrates two graphs representing the aggregated results of 0-24 hours measurements of13C-mannitol excretion.

[0008] FIG. 2 illustrates a graph of nine individualized results of 0-24 hours measurements of13C-mannitol excretion for baseline and treatment with compounds of the disclosure.

[0009] FIG. 3 illustrates the CONSORT flow diagram.

[0010] FIG. 4 illustrates a graph representing L / M ratio per participant at baseline visit (V2) and end of study visit (V3) using overall urine collection (0-8 hr).

[0011] FIG. 5 illustrates a graph representing the changes in overall L / M ratio between baseline (V2) and end of study (V3) for the NCT / NFT and placebo groups.

[0012] FIG. 6 illustrates a bar chart of LPS values (ng / ml) per participant at baseline visit (V2) and end of study visit (V3).

[0013] FIG. 7 illustrates a bar chart LBP values (pg / ml) per participant at baseline visit (V2) and end of study visit (V3).

[0014] FIG. 8 illustrates a bar chart sCD14 values (ng / ml) per participant at baseline visit (V2) and end of study visit (V3).

[0015] FIG. 9 illustrates a bar chart demonstrating HP values (mg / dl) per participant at baseline visit (V2) and end of study visit (V3).

[0016] FIG. 10 illustrates a bar chart demonstrating LCN2 values (ng / ml) per participant at baseline visit (V2) and end of study visit (V3).

[0017] FIG. 11 illustrates bar charts demonstrating changes in LBP, LPS, sCD14, LCN2 and HP (Zonulin) between baseline visit and end of study visit between NCT / NFT and placebo displaying means and standard deviations. p<0.05.

[0018] FIG. 12 illustrates plots demonstrating changes in LPS, LBP, sCD14, LCN2 and HP (Zonulin) between baseline visit and end of study visit between randomization groups NCT / NFT and placebo displaying means and standard deviations.

[0019] FIG. 13 illustrates plots representation of the mean change in IBS-SSS scores from baseline to end of study visits between NCT / NFT and placebo groups.

[0020] FIG. 14 illustrates a bar chart displaying mean total IBS-SSS scores from baseline to end of study visits NCT / NFT and placebo groups.

[0021] FIG. 15 illustrates a bar chart displaying changes in IBS-SSS score from baseline to end of study between NCT / NFT and placebo groups for abdominal pain severity, distention severity, dissatisfaction with bowel habut and affect on life). p<0.05.

[0022] FIG. 16 illustrates a bar chart demonstrating mean and standard deviation of the changes in diary outcome assessments from baseline to end of study visits comparing NCT / NFT to placebo.

[0023] FIG. 17 illustrates scatterplots of the change from baseline to end of study in the blood based biomarkers and change in L / M ratio, along with the overall correlation (grey) and correlation per group (group 1 NCT / NFT, group 2 placebo) (* marks significance).

[0024] FIG. 18 illustrates scatterplots of the change from baseline to end of study in the blood-based biomarkers and change in IBS-SSS, along with the overall correlation (grey) and correlation per group (group 1 NCT / NFT, group 2 placebo) (* marks significance).

[0025] FIG. 19 illustrates a bar graph demonstrating mean change in LBP from baseline to end of the study.

[0026] FIG. 20 illustrates an image of preclinical data from human primary intestinal epithelial cells demonstrates improvement in impaired gut barrier function.

[0027] FIG. 21 is a flow chart illustrating a study participant flow diagram.

[0028] FIG. 22 illustrates a study design.

[0029] FIG. 23A is a scatter plot of OPLSDA analysis of high-dose hemp fiber versus placebo and FIG. 23B is a scatter plot of OPLSDA analysis of low-dose hemp fiber versus placebo.

[0030] FIG. 24 is a scatter-plot illustrating six metabolic pathways were significantly influenced by hemp fiber supplementation across all time points (interaction, p<0.05).

[0031] FIG. 25 is a scatter-plot illustrating four metabolic pathways were significantly influenced by hemp fiber supplementation across all time points (supplement main effects, p<0.05).DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0032] This disclosure provides, among other things, the discovery of strong HNF4a expression enhancers and methods of improving gut permeability and improvement of impaired gut barrier function. In aspects, compositions and food products containing at least one bioactive polyphenols are provided herein. Some embodiments provided herein provide for the compositions for the use in methods for treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating a disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability, wherein the disease or condition associate with intestinal permeability is selected from the group consisting of irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea (IBS-BAD).Definitions

[0033] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. All patents, applications, published applications, and other publications are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In the event that there is a plurality of definitions for a term herein, those in this section prevail unless stated otherwise.

[0034] The terms “effective amount” or a “therapeutically effective amount” as used herein refers to an amount of a therapeutic agent that is effective to relieve, to some extent, or to reduce the likelihood of onset of, one or more of the symptoms of a disease or condition, and can include curing a disease or condition.

[0035] An “extract” refers to a composition containing one or more compounds described herein, which is separated from other unwanted substances present in the natural source material from which the extract was obtained. In some embodiments, the natural source material is a plant. Plant extracts can be obtained from any plant tissue including a whole plant; a plant part such as shoot vegetative organs / structures (for example, leaves, stems and tubers), roots, flowers and floral organs / structures (for example, bracts, sepals, petals, stamens, carpels, anthers and ovules), a seed (including embryo, endosperm, and seed coat) or fruit (the mature ovary); a plant tissue (for example, vascular tissue, ground tissue, and the like); cells (for example, guard cells, egg cells, and the like), or exudates as well as progeny and cultures or cell lines of the same. Preferably, the extract contains compounds that was found to be generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for human consumption. Accordingly, in certain embodiments the extract is from an edible source. In this respect, the extract is an edible extract.

[0036] The terms “pharmaceutically acceptable” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to those compounds, materials, compositions, and / or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for contact with the tissues of and / or for consumption by human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem complications commensurate with a reasonable risk / benefit ratio.

[0037] The terms “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” and “a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as used herein are broad terms, and are to be given their ordinary andcustomary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refer without limitation to salts prepared from pharmaceutically acceptable, non-toxic acids or bases. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts include metallic salts, e.g., salts of aluminum, zinc, alkali metal salts such as lithium, sodium, and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium salts; organic salts, e.g., salts of lysine, N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine, chloroprocaine, choline, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, meglumine (N-methylglucamine), procaine, and tris; salts of free acids and bases; inorganic salts, e.g., sulfate, hydrochloride, and hydrobromide; and other salts which are currently in widespread pharmaceutical use and are listed in sources well known to those of skill in the art, such as, for example, The Merck Index. Any suitable constituent can be selected to make a salt of the therapeutic agents discussed herein, provided that it is non-toxic and does not substantially interfere with the desired activity. In addition to salts, pharmaceutically acceptable precursors and derivatives of the compounds can be employed. Pharmaceutically acceptable amides, lower alkyl derivatives, and protected derivatives can also be suitable for use in compositions and methods of preferred embodiments. While it may be possible to administer the compounds of the preferred embodiments in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts, it is generally preferred to administer the compounds in neutral form.

[0038] The term “pharmaceutical composition” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to a mixture of one or more compounds disclosed herein with other chemical components, such as diluents or carriers. The pharmaceutical composition facilitates administration of the compound to an organism. Pharmaceutical compositions can also be obtained by reacting compounds with inorganic or organic acids or bases. Pharmaceutical compositions will generally be tailored to the specific intended route of administration.

[0039] As used herein, a “carrier” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to a compound that facilitates the incorporation of a compound into cells or tissues. A carrier means a material, composition or vehicle, such as a liquid or solid filler, diluent, excipient, manufacturing aid(e.g., lubricant, talc magnesium, calcium or zinc stearate, or steric acid), or solvent encapsulating material, involved in carrying or transporting the subject compound from one organ, or portion of the body, to another organ, or portion of the body. For example, without limitation, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a commonly utilized carrier that facilitates the uptake of many organic compounds into cells or tissues of a subject. Water, saline solution, ethanol, and mineral oil are also carriers employed in certain pharmaceutical compositions.

[0040] As used herein, the term “food product” means any food, feed, snack, food supplement, treat, meal substitute, or meal replacement, whether intended for a human or an animal. Animal food includes food or feed intended for any domesticated or wild species. In preferred embodiments, a food for an animal represents a nutritionally complete food or dietary composition. Examples of such animal foods include extruded pet foods such as foods for canines and felines, e.g., dogs and cats.

[0041] As used herein, “isomer" refers to especially optical isomers (for example essentially pure enantiomers, essentially pure diastereomers, and mixtures thereof) as well as conformation isomers (i.e., isomers that differ only in their angles of at least one chemical bond), position isomers (particularly tautomers), and geometric isomers (e.g., cis-trans isomers).

[0042] As used herein, an “excipient” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to a substance that is added to a pharmaceutical composition to provide, without limitation, bulk, consistency, stability, binding ability, lubrication, disintegrating ability etc., to the composition. A “diluent” is a type of excipient.

[0043] As used herein, a “subject” as used herein is a broad term, and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and refers without limitation to an animal that is the object of treatment, observation or experiment. “Animal” includes cold- and warm-blooded vertebrates and invertebrates such as fish, shellfish, reptiles and, in particular, mammals. “Mammal” includes, without limitation, dolphins, mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, dogs, cats, sheep, goats, cows, horses, primates, such as monkeys, chimpanzees, and apes, and, in particular, humans. In some embodiments, the subject is human.

[0044] As used herein, the terms “treating,” “treatment,” “therapeutic,” or “therapy” are broad terms, and are to be given their ordinary and customary meaning (and are not to be limited to a special or customized meaning) and, without limitation, do not necessarily mean total cure or abolition of the disease or condition. Any alleviation of any undesired markers, signs or symptoms of a disease or condition, to any extent, can be considered treatment and / or therapy. Furthermore, treatment may include acts that may worsen the patient's overall feeling of well-being or appearance.

[0045] The term “ameliorate” as used herein refers to any reduction in the extent, severity, frequency, and / or likelihood of a symptom or clinical sign characteristic of a particular condition.

[0046] The terms “therapeutically effective amount” and “effective amount” as used herein are broad terms, and are to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (and are not to be limited to a special or customized meaning), and are used without limitation to indicate an amount of an active compound, or pharmaceutical agent, that elicits the biological or medicinal response indicated. For example, a therapeutically effective amount of compound can be the amount needed to prevent, alleviate or ameliorate markers or symptoms of a condition or prolong the survival of the subject being treated. This response may occur in a tissue, system, animal or human and includes alleviation of the signs or symptoms of the disease being treated. Determination of a therapeutically effective amount is well within the capability of those skilled in the art, in view of the disclosure provided herein. The therapeutically effective amount of the compounds disclosed herein required as a dose will depend on the route of administration, the type of animal, including human, being treated, and the physical characteristics of the specific animal under consideration. The dose can be tailored to achieve a desired effect, but will depend on such factors as weight, diet, concurrent medication and other factors which those skilled in the medical arts will recognize.

[0047] As used herein, a “nutraceutical” generally refers to natural, bioactive chemical compounds that provide physiological benefits, including disease prevention and health promotion which may be used to supplement the diet. Nutraceuticals can be either purified or concentrated by using bioengineering methods and can be enhanced through genetic methods, which contain elevated levels of natural substances. Examples of nutraceuticals include isolated nutrients and herbal products and generally contain at least one of thefollowing ingredients: a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other botanical, an amino acid, a metabolite, constituent, extract, or combination of these ingredients. Common examples of nutraceuticals include beta-carotene, ephedra, ginko biloba, goldenseal, valerian, ginseng, green tea extract, and echinacea. The nutraceuticals described herein may be useful for maintenance and support of, for example, healthy joints, skin, eye and brain function, heart and circulatory system, and general health.

[0048] The term “about” or “approximately” means within an acceptable error range for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, which will depend in part on how the value is measured or determined, e.g., the limitations of the measurement system. For example, “about” can mean within 1 or more than 1 standard deviations, per the practice in the art. Alternatively, “about” can mean a range of up to 20%, up to 10%, up to 5%, and up to 1% of a given value. Alternatively, particularly with respect to biological systems or processes, the term can mean within an order of magnitude, within 5- fold, and within 2-fold, of a value. Where particular values are described in the application and claims, unless otherwise stated the term “about” meaning within an acceptable error range for the particular value was assumed.

[0049] As used herein, the term “weight percent,” when referring to a component, is the weight of the component divided by the weight of the composition that includes the component, multiplied by 100%. For example, the weight percent of component A when 5 grams of component A is added to 95 grams of component B is 5% (e.g., 5 g A / (5 g A + 95 g B) x 100%).%

[0050] Any percentages, ratios or other quantities referred to herein are on a weight basis, unless otherwise indicated.Compositions

[0051] In aspects, disclosed herein are compositions including at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the composition further includes at least one fiber source.

[0052] In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans- feruloyloctopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine,N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine,N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine,N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine,N-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine,N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least two bioactive phenolic compounds. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof.

[0053] In some embodiments, the composition includes at least one bioactive phenolic compound in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount fromabout 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 82.5 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and about 37.5 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0054] In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5: 1 to about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N- trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramineis from about 3:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 : 1-2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1-3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3 : 1-4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5.

[0055] In some embodiments, the composition includes at least 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% (w / w) of at least one bioactive phenolic compound, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least 10% of at least two bioactive phenolic compounds. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least 10% of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine.

[0056] In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is from an extract of a plant or a plant source. In some embodiments, the extract includes one or more compounds as described herein. In some embodiments, the extract of the plant is selected from the group comprising Allium, Amoracia, Chenopodium, Cannabis, Spinacia, Fagopyrum,Annona, Jatropha, Piper, Eragrostis, Zea, Nelumbo, Jpomoea, Capsicum, Lycium, Solarium, and Tribulus. In some embodiments, the extract of the plant is hemp hulls, black pepper, garlic, onion, or peppercorn. In some embodiments, the extract is from hemp hulls.

[0057] In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is from a recombinant host cell. In some embodiments, the recombinant host cell is a fungal cell, an algal or protist cell, a plant cell, or a bacterial cell. In some embodiments, the fungal cell is a yeast cell selected from the group consisting of Yarrowia, Saccharomyces, Candida, Ashbya, Cyberlindnea, Kluveromyces, Arxula, Xanthophyllomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Hansenula, Xanthophyllomyces, Lypomyces, Rhodotorula, Rhodosporidiumm, Candida, Cryptococcus or Pichia. In some embodiments, the yeast cell is Yarrowia. In some embodiments, the fungal cell is a Mucor, Mortierella, Fusarium, Sarocladium, Trichosporon or Aspergillus. In some embodiments the algal or protist cell is a Thraustochytrium , Schizochytrium, Aurantiochy trium, Chlorella, Auxenochlorella, Nannochloropsis, Scenedesmus, Tetraselmis, Botryococcus, or Chlamydomonas. In some embodiments, the plant cell is Arabidopsis, Artemisia, Bambusoideae, Catharanthus, Glycine, Medicago, Nicotiana, Oryza, Oryzoideae, Phyllostachys, Physcomitrella, Pooideae, Silybum, Solanum, Taxus, or Vitis vinifera. In some embodiments the bacterial cell is a Rhodococcus or Gordonia. In some embodiments, the recombinant host cell is a bacterial strain, for example E. Coli, or a yeast strain, for example Yarrowia lipolytica. In some embodiments, the compounds may be produced in separate recombinant host cells.

[0058] In some embodiments, the composition includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fibersource is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull.

[0059] A salt of a compound of this disclosure refers to a compound that possesses the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound and includes: (1) an acid addition salt, formed with an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like; or formed with an organic acid such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethane-disulfonic acid, 2- hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2- naphthalenesulfonic camphorsulfonic acid, acid, 4-toluenesulfonic acid, 4- methylbicyclo[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene-l- carboxylic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylacetic acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylic acid, stearic acid, muconic acid, and the like; or (2) a salt formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound is replaced by a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable cation such as an alkali-metal ion (e.g., sodium, potassium), an alkaline-earth-metal ion (e.g., calcium, magnesium), an ammonium ion, or an organic amine cation (e.g., tromethamine, choline, N-methyl-D-glucamine, lysine, arginine).

[0060] It is understood that, in any compound described herein having one or more chiral centers, if an absolute stereochemistry is not expressly indicated, then each center may independently be of R-configuration or S-configuration or a mixture thereof. Thus, the compounds provided herein may be enantiomerically pure, enantiomerically enriched, or may be stereoisomeric mixtures, and include all diastereomeric, and enantiomeric forms. In addition it is understood that, in any compound described herein having one or more double bond(s) generating geometrical isomers that can be defined as E or Z, each double bond may independently be E or Z a mixture thereof. Stereoisomers are obtained, if desired, by methodssuch as, stereoselective synthesis and / or the separation of stereoisomers by chiral chromatographic columns. Likewise, it is understood that, in any compound described, all tautomeric forms are also intended to be included.

[0061] It is understood that the methods, compositions, and food products described herein include the use of crystalline forms, amorphous phases, and / or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, hydrates, and conformers of compounds of some embodiments, as well as metabolites and active metabolites of these compounds having the same type of activity. A conformer is a structure that is a conformational isomer. Conformational isomerism is the phenomenon of molecules with the same structural formula but different conformations (conformers) of atoms about a rotating bond. In specific embodiments, the compounds described herein exist in solvated forms with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol, or the like. In other embodiments, the compounds described herein exist in unsolvated form. Solvates contain either stoichiometric or non- stoichiometric amounts of a solvent and may be formed during the process of crystallization with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol, or the like. Hydrates are formed when the solvent is water, or alcoholates are formed when the solvent is alcohol. In addition, the compounds provided herein can exist in unsolvated as well as solvated forms. In general, the solvated forms are considered equivalent to the unsolvated forms for the purposes of the compounds and methods provided herein. Other forms in which the compounds of some embodiments can be provided include amorphous forms, milled forms and nano-particulate forms. Likewise, it is understood that the compounds described herein, such as compounds of some embodiments, include the compound in any of the forms described herein (e.g., pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, crystalline forms, amorphous form, solvated forms, enantiomeric forms, tautomeric forms, and the like).

[0062] In some embodiments, the composition may be formulated in various forms, including but not limited to, a powder, a granule, sachet or stick-pack that may be ingested directly or reconstituted in a liquid (e.g., water, juice, or a dairy-alternative), capsules, gummies, tablets, dietary supplements, and nutraceutical or pharmaceutical compositions. In some embodiments, the composition may be formulated as a capsule that can be a two-piece hard gelatin capsule, a soft gelatin capsule, or a vegetarian capsule made from materials like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. In some embodiments, the capsule is a sustained releasecapsule in which the composition is encapsulated with one or more release-modifying excipients. In some embodiments, the release-modifying excipients may include polymers, waxes, or matrix forming agents. In some embodiments, the composition can be provided in a gummy form prepared with gelatin, pectin, or other gelling agents along with sweeteners, flavorings, and colorants, and may include additional functional ingredients like vitamins, minerals, or botanical extracts, with further fortification by fibers or prebiotics. In some embodiments, the composition may also be compressed into tablets. In some embodiments, the tablets may be formulated for immediate or sustained release using appropriate excipients, binders, and disintegrants, and may be coated (for example, film-coated or enteric-coated) to mask taste or control dissolution within the gastrointestinal tract. In some embodiments, the multi -ingredient formulations at total doses of about 80 mg, 100 mg, 120 mg, 140 mg, or 160 mg per serving. In some embodiments, the controlled-release profiles may be incorporated not only in capsules but also in tablets or other formats through encapsulation or matrix technologies, possibly combining immediate-release and sustained-release layers. In some embodiments, the compositions may include stabilizers, antioxidants, or desiccants to maintain ingredient potency and shelflife and are formulated to meet various regulatory standards, such as GRAS ingredients and cGMP guidelines. In some embodiments, the composition is formulated in a liquid form such as a ready-to-drink shot, syrup, suspension, or emulsion, optionally sweetened and flavored for palatability. In some embodiments, the composition is manufactured as an orally dissolving film, buccal tablet, lozenge, chewable wafer, or effervescent tablet to permit rapid disintegration in the oral cavity. In some embodiments, the composition is incorporated into a controlled-release multiparticulate system, microsphere, nanoparticle, liposome, phytosome, or solid-lipid particle to modulate release and / or enhance bioavailability. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises one or more bioavailability enhancers or permeability modifiers, such as piperine, quercetin, phospholipids (e.g., lecithin or phosphatidylcholine), medium-chain triglycerides, or cyclodextrins. In some embodiments, the composition is packaged in moisture- and oxygen-barrier blister packs, stick-packs, or multi-dose pouches containing desiccant canisters or sachets to maintain shelf life under ICH stability conditions. In some embodiments, the composition is produced by spray-drying, fluid-bed granulation, melt extrusion, or hot-melt extrusion to achieve a uniform particle size and improved stability.Food Product

[0063] Aspect of the disclosure relates to a food product including a food ingredient or additive comprising one or more compounds or a composition as described herein. In some embodiments, a food product includes at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxy cinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans- feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans- feruloyloctopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine,N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine.N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine.N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramineN-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine,N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least two bioactive phenolic compounds. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the food product includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg,30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amountfrom about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the food product comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the food product comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the food product comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the food product comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the food product comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N- trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N- trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5: 1 to about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N- trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio ofN-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 '.2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a food product comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 : 1-2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1-3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1-4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% (w / w) of at least one bioactive phenolic compound, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least 10% of at least two bioactive phenolic compounds. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least 10% of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine.

[0064] In some embodiments, the food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of the at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the food product includes atleast 10% of the at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least 15% of the at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least 20% of the at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least 30% of the at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of the at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 25g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull.

[0065] In some embodiments, a food product, which also encompasses functional foods, includes a food fortified or enriched during processing to include additional complementary nutrients and / or beneficial ingredients. A food product according to this disclosure can, e.g., be in the form of butter, margarine, sweet or savory spreads, condiment, biscuits, food bar, crisp, cracker, granola, health bar, bread, cake, cereal, candy, confectionery, soup, milk, yogurt or a fermented milk product, cheese, juice-based and vegetable-based beverages, functional beverage, powdered beverage mix, fermented beverages, shakes, flavored waters, tea, oil, or any other suitable food. In some embodiments, the food product includes a whole-food product in which the concentration of the one or more compounds have been enriched through particular post-harvest and food production processing methods to levels that provide an efficacious amount of the compound.

[0066] In some embodiments, a food product includes a carbohydrate. A variety of carbohydrates may be used in the food products, such as various sugars and starches. Carbohydrates are an important source of energy for the body, including complex carbohydrates (like whole grains and vegetables) and simple carbohydrates (like sugar and refined grains). There are several common carbohydrates that are used in food products,including: starch, sugar, fructose, maltodextrin, dextrose, com syrup, oligosaccharides, cellulose, complex carbohydrates, such as inulin that may be added as a prebiotic fiber in processed foods. According to the disclosure, the concentration of carbohydrates may vary depending on the intended use of a product. In some embodiments, carbohydrates may include from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of a food product. In some embodiments, carbohydrates may comprise from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of a food product. In some embodiments, a food product may include carbohydrates in a range with high and low values independently selected from about 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% (w / w) or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values.

[0067] In some embodiments, a food product may include a sugar. Sugars, such as high fructose corn syrup, sucrose, glucose syrup, dextrose, and other sweeteners are often added to processed foods to make them more palatable. Additionally, sugar alcohols or maltodextrins, may be added to food products to reduce caloric content and / or to enhance nutritional profile of the product. In some embodiments, a food product may comprise one or a plurality of saccharides that are slowly or incompletely digested by humans, if not totally indigestible. These sugars can include isomaltose, panose and branched oligomers having a degree of polymerization of four or greater. Additional non-limiting examples of sugars include sucrose, HFCS, fructose, brown sugar (which can be either partially or fully refined), powdered sugar (also known as confectioner's sugar), high fructose com syrup, honey, molasses, maple syrup, agave nectar, coconut sugar, date sugar, fruit juice concentrates, maltodextrin, dextrose, glucose syrup, maple syrup, molasses, and lactose. According to the disclosure, the concentration of sugars may vary depending on the intended use of a product. In some embodiments, a food product includes a sugar from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of the food product. In some embodiments, the sugar(s) component comprises from about 2% to about 10% by weight of the food product. In some embodiments, sugars may include from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of a food product. In some embodiments, a food product may include sugars in a range with high and low values independently selected from about 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% (w / w) or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values.

[0068] In some embodiments, a food product includes a fiber source. In some embodiments, a food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) fiber. In some embodiments, a food product includes at least 10% fiber. In some embodiments, a food product includes at least 15% fiber. In some embodiments, a food product includes at least 20% fiber. In some embodiments, a food product includes at least 30% fiber.

[0069] In some embodiments, the food product may include a protein. Proteins may be included in a range of concentrations depending on the product. Protein sources can include soy protein, soy flour, soy protein isolate, whey protein isolate, casein, gelatin, legume protein isolates, soy protein concentrate, egg albumin or egg white, wheat protein concentrate, legume protein concentrates and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, meat products like beef jerky, sausages, or meatballs, may include proteins as a primary ingredient. Proteins may be included at concentrations ranging from about 10% to about 25% of the total ingredients. In dairy products like cheese, yogurt, or milk, proteins like casein or whey may be the primary ingredient. Proteins may be included at concentrations ranging from about 3% to about 15% of the total ingredients. In plant-based products like tofu, tempeh, or seitan, proteins from soy, peas, legumes, or wheat may be primary ingredient. Proteins may be included at concentrations ranging from about 10% to about 25% of the total ingredients. In energy bars and protein bars, proteins like whey or soy, or any protein according to the disclosure may be added to provide a source of protein. Proteins may be included at concentrations ranging from about 10% to about 25% of the total ingredients. According to the disclosure, the concentration of proteins may vary depending on the intended use of a product. In some embodiments, proteins may comprise from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of a food product. In some embodiments, proteins may comprise from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of a food product. In some embodiments, a food product may comprise proteins in a range with high and low values independently selected from about 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% (w / w) or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values.

[0070] In some embodiments, the food product may include a starch. In some embodiments, food products may additionally comprise a starch ingredient(s) in amounts sufficient to provide about 5% to 45%, or about 10%-30%, or about 15%-25 starch in the food products. Starchy components may include not only pure added cereal flours or othergranulations but also any starchy fraction provided by other ingredients such as oat bran or soy protein. In some embodiments, a starch may comprise any conventionally employed starch or cereal flour ingredient, for use in a ready-to-eat cereal. Exemplary suitable starchy cereals include cereal flours from major cereal grains including wheat, rice, com (maize), oats, barley, rye, or starch fractions isolated from the cereal flowers including, for example cornstarch, wheat starch, rice starch, and various treated starches including pre-gelatinized starches and / or modified starches.

[0071] In some embodiments, the food product may include a flour. Several types of flour may be used according to the disclosure. For example, common types of flour used in food products, include all-purpose flour (which like most other flour may include protein content), Whole wheat flour, Bread flour, Cake flour, pastry flour, self-rising flour, and gluten- free flour. According to the disclosure, the concentration of flour may vary depending on the intended use of a product. For example, in baked goods like bread, cakes, and cookies, flour is typically a main ingredient and may be included at concentrations ranging from 50% to 100% of the total dry ingredients. In soups and sauces, flour is often used as a thickener and may be included at concentrations ranging from 1% to 5% of the total ingredients. Batter and breading: In fried foods like chicken or fish, flour is often used as part of the batter or breading and may be included at concentrations ranging from 20% to 50% of the total dry ingredients. In snack foods, like crackers and chips, flour may be included at concentrations ranging from 30% to 70% of the total ingredients. In some embodiments, flour may comprise from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of a food product. In some embodiments, flours may comprise from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of a food product. In some embodiments, a food product may comprise flour in a range with high and low values independently selected from about 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values.

[0072] In some embodiments, the food product may include a fat. In some embodiments, the food product may include an oil. In some embodiments, the food product may include one or more fats or oils. Several types of fats may be used according to the disclosure. For example, common types of fats include butter, margarine, vegetable oils, shortening, and lard. According to the disclosure, the concentration of fats may vary dependingon the intended use of a product. In baked goods like cakes, cookies, and pastries, fats like butter, shortening, or oil are often used to provide moisture, flavor, and texture. In some embodiments, Fats may be included at concentrations ranging from 10% to 30% of the total ingredients. In some embodiments, like in sauces and dressings, fats like olive oil or mayonnaise are often used to provide flavor and texture. In some embodiments, Fats may be included at concentrations ranging from 10% to 30% of the total ingredients. In fried foods like chicken or French fries, fats like vegetable oil or lard are used for frying and may be included at concentrations ranging from 30% to 60% of the total ingredients. In snack foods like chips and crackers, fats like vegetable oil or palm oil are often used to provide flavor and texture. In some embodiments, Fats may be included at concentrations ranging from 10% to 30% of the total ingredients. In some embodiments, fats may comprise from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of a food product. In some embodiments, fats may comprise from about 1% by weight to about 95% by weight of a food product. In some embodiments, a food product may comprise fat in a range with high and low values independently selected from about 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values.

[0073] In some embodiments, the food product may include one or more additional ingredients. If desired, the disclosed food products may additionally include a variety of materials designed to improve their aesthetic or nutritional qualities. These adjuvant materials can include vitamin and / or mineral fortification, colors, flavors, sweetener(s), and mixtures thereof. The precise ingredient concentration may vary. Generally, however, such materials can each include about 0.01% to about 5%, or about 0.1% to 2% dry weight of a food product. One especially useful material is common salt. In some embodiments, salt comprises about 0.1 to 5%, or about 0.5 to 4.0% of the food products.

[0074] In some embodiments, one or more components of a food product is derived from a plant. In some embodiments, one or more components of a food product is derived from hemp hulls. In some embodiments, the food product is a solid food. In some embodiments, the food product is a semi-solid food. In some embodiments, the food product is a puffed product, a bakery product, a pressed cake, a cooked product, a food bar, a cereal, a crisp, or a spread.

[0075] In some embodiments, the food product includes a carrier. In some embodiments, the carrier is a nutraceutically acceptable carrier. Each carrier was compatible with the other ingredients of the food product and not injurious to the subject. Some examples of materials that can serve as carriers include: (1) sugars, such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; (2) starches, such as corn starch and potato starch; (3) cellulose, and its derivatives, such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose; (4) powdered tragacanth; (5) malt; (6) gelatin; (7) talc; (8) excipients, such as cocoa butter and suppository waxes; (9) oils, such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and soybean oil; (10) glycols, such as propylene glycol; (11) polyols, such as glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol and polyethylene glycol; (12) esters, such as ethyl oleate and ethyl laurate; (13) agar; (14) buffering agents, such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; (15) alginic acid; (16) pyrogen-free water; (17) isotonic saline; (18) Ringer's solution; (19) ethyl alcohol; (20) pH buffered solutions; (21) polyesters, polycarbonates and / or polyanhydrides; and (22) other nontoxic compatible substances employed in conventional food product. In some embodiments, the carrier is about 0.5% to about 80% (w / w) of the food product. In some embodiments, the carrier is about 0.5%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 3.5%, about 4.0%, about 4.5%, about 5.0%, about 7.5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80% (w / w) of the food product, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values.

[0076] In particular embodiments of this disclosure, a food product includes the one or more compounds or an extract comprising one or more compounds described herein, a carrier and a preservative to reduce or retard microbial growth. In some embodiments, the preservative is about 0.01% to about 5% (w / w) of the food product. In some embodiments, the preservative is about 0.5%, about 1.0%, about 1.5%, about 2.0%, about 2.5%, about 3.0%, about 3.5%, about 4.0%, about 4.5%, about 5.0% w / w of the food product, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the preservative is added in amounts up to about 5%, for example, from about 0.01% to 1% (w / w). In some embodiments, the preservative may include sodium benzoate, methyl parabens, propyl parabens, sodium nitrite, sulphur dioxide, sodium sorbate and potassium sorbate. Othersuitable preservatives include, but are not limited to, salts of edetate, (also known as salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, or EDTA, such a disodium EDTA), or a combination thereof.

[0077] In some embodiments, the food product is a liquid. In some embodiments, the food product is a liquid food product. In some embodiments, the liquid food product is produced from hemp hulls. In some embodiments, the liquid food product includes at least one compound as disclosed herein produced from a recombinant cell. In some embodiments, the liquid food product is a beverage. In some embodiments, the food product may be incorporated into a milk-based beverage. In some embodiments, the food product may be incorporated into a sports drink beverage. In some embodiments, the food product may be incorporated into a fruit juice beverage. In some embodiments, the food product may be incorporated into an alcoholic beverage. In some embodiments, the food product may be incorporated into a waterbased beverage. In some embodiments, the food product may be a smoothie. In some embodiments, the liquid may include one or more compounds or an extract of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the liquid may be incorporated for oral administration or consumption. In some embodiments, the liquid may include aqueous solution, suitably flavored syrups, aqueous or oil suspensions, and flavored emulsions with edible oils as well as elixirs and similar vehicles. Suitable dispersing or suspending agents for aqueous suspensions include synthetic natural gums, such as tragacanth, acacia, alginate, dextran, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone or gelatin. Liquid preparations for oral administration or consumption may take the form of, for example, solutions, syrups or suspensions, or they may be presented as a dry product for reconstitution with water or other suitable vehicles before use. Such liquid preparations may be prepared by conventional means with acceptable additives such as suspending agents (e.g., sorbitol syrup, methyl cellulose or hydrogenated edible fats); emulsifying agents (e.g., lecithin or acacia); non-aqueous vehicles (e.g., almond oil, oily esters or ethyl alcohol); preservatives (e.g., methyl or propyl p- hydroxybenzoates or sorbic acid); and artificial or natural colors and / or sweeteners.

[0078] Methods of preparing compositions and food products of this disclosure include the step of bringing into association a compound or extract of the present disclosure with the carrier and, optionally, one or more accessory and / or active ingredients. In general, the food products are prepared by uniformly and intimately bringing into association a compound or extract of the present disclosure with liquid carriers, or finely divided solidcarriers, or both, and then, if necessary, shaping the product. As such, the disclosed food product may consist of, or consist essentially of a compound or extract described herein in combination with a suitable carrier.

[0079] In some embodiments, the food product includes one or more compounds or an extract of the present disclosure at about 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99% w / w, or ranges including and / or spanning the aforeme tioned values. In some embodiments, the food product includes from about 0.1% to about 10% of one or more compounds or an extract as described herein. In some embodiments, the food product includes from about 0.1% to about 5% of one or more compounds or an extract as described herein In some embodiments, the food product includes from about 1% to about 10% of one or more compounds or an extract as described herein In some embodiments, when one or more compounds or an extract of the present disclosure is provided or administered as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, or dietary supplements to humans and animals, they can be given per se or as a composition containing, for example, 0.1 to 99% active ingredient in combination with an acceptable carrier. In some embodiments, the compound or extract of the present disclosure may be provided or administered at about 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 % w / w, or ranges including and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least 10% of at least two bioactive phenolic compounds. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least 10% of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the food product includes from about 10% to about 20% of at least two bioactive phenolic compounds. In some embodiments, the food product includes at least 10% to about 20% of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine.

[0080] A consumable product, according to an embodiment of the disclosure, may be consumed by a subject to provide less than 200 mg of one or more compounds disclosed herein per day. In some embodiments, the consumable produce may be consumed to provide less than 150 mg of one or more compounds disclosed herein per day. In certain embodiments, the consumable provides between about 50 mg / day and about 150 mg / day of a tyramine containing hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In certain embodiments, the consumable provides between about 50 and about 100 mg / day of a tyramine containing hydroxy cinnamic acidamide. The effective amount can be established by methods known in the art and be dependent upon bioavailability, toxicity, etc.

[0081] In some embodiments, the composition is incorporated into food products, including functional beverages, food ingredients or additives, medical foods, and functional foods. In some embodiments, the composition may be provided as a functional beverage that is offered as a Ready-To-Drink (RTD) formulation or as a Ready-To-Mix (RTM) powder, with RTD beverages containing flavoring agents, natural or artificial sweeteners, stabilizers, and preservatives to ensure taste and shelflife, and RTM powders available in single-serve sachets, stick packs, or bulk canisters along with flow agents, anti caking agents, and instantizing agents for ease of mixing. In some embodiments, the beverages may be formulated to provide specific benefits by incorporating one or more compounds or the composition as described herein. In some embodiments, the composition may also be incorporated into functional food products such as nutrition bars, cookies, cereals, or other snack formats that deliver a balanced nutritional profile through the inclusion of macronutrients (proteins, fats, carbohydrates) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). In some embodiments, these functional foods are designed to be low in sugar, gluten-free, or vegan to accommodate various dietary preferences and restrictions. Additionally, the composition may serve as a food ingredient or additive for incorporation into existing food products or may be formulated as a medical food intended for dietary management of specific health conditions under medical supervision.Methods

[0082] In aspects, the disclosure also provides methods for treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating a disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability in a subject. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition as described herein. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product as described herein. In some embodiments, the disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability is selected from the group consisting of irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea (IBS- BAD). In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD may substantially restore or improves a subject’s gut microbiome. For example, in some embodiments, methods according to the disclosure may increase gut microbiome diversity, in some embodiments, methods according to the disclosure may increase the amount of desiredmicroorganisms in a gut microbiome. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD restore or improve mucus layer thickness in a subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD reduces a subject’s inflammation in the intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD reduces the subject’s rate of infection in the intestines. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability that is treated, improved, reduced, or ameliorated is selected from the group consisting of irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea (IBS-BAD); Crohn’s disease; ulcerative colitis; celiac disease; small-intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO); microscopic colitis; irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) other than IBS-BAD; post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome; non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD) / non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis (NASH); alcohol -related liver disease; metabolic syndrome, including type 2 diabetes and obesity; food allergy or food-protein-induced enterocolitis; atopic dermatitis and other atopic disorders; auto-immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or multiple sclerosis; graft-versus-host disease of the gastrointestinal tract; radiation enteritis or chemotherapy-induced mucositis; sepsis-associated or critical-illness-associated gut-barrier dysfunction; necrotizing enterocolitis in pre-term infants; short-bowel syndrome; Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders linked to enteric dysbiosis; autism spectrum disorder; functional chronic diarrhea not otherwise specified; and Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea, relapse prevention, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxy cinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans- feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans- feruloyloctopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine,N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine, N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks,eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1:5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a compositioncomprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0083] In some embodiments, methods and uses of disclosure for treating, preventing, reducing, or ameliorating intestinal barrier function in subjects with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). In some embodiments, the subjects with IBS-D include a predominant bowel habit. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition as described herein. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product as described herein. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-D may substantially restore or improve a subject’s gut microbiome. For example, in some embodiments, methods according to the disclosure may increase gut microbiome diversity, in some embodiments, methods according to the disclosure may increase the amount of desired microorganisms in a gut microbiome. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-D restore or improve mucus layer thickness in a subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-D reduces a subject’s inflammation in the intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-D reduces the subject’s rate of infection in the intestines. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxy cinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans- feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-fe rul oy I octopam ine, N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-ci s-i soferul oyltyramine,N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine,N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine,N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine,N-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine,N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at leastone fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1:5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, theratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0084] In some embodiments, methods and uses of disclosure for treating, preventing, reducing, or ameliorating intestinal barrier function in subjects with irritable bowel syndrome with mixed bowl habits (IBS-M). In some embodiments, the subjects with IBS-M include a predominant bowel habit. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition as described herein. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product as described herein. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-M may substantially restore or improves a subject’s gut microbiome. For example, in some embodiments, methods according to the disclosure may increase gut microbiome diversity, in some embodiments, methods according to the disclosure may increase the amount of desired microorganisms in a gut microbiome. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-M restore or improve mucus layer thickness in a subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-M reduces a subject’s inflammation in the intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-M reduces the subject’s rate of infection in the intestines. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxy cinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acidamide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis- caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine,N -trans-ferul oy 1 octopami ne, N -tran s-i soferul oy Ity ramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramineN-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine,N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flaxseeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramineis from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0085] In some embodiments, methods and uses of disclosure for treating, preventing, reducing, or ameliorating intestinal barrier function in subjects with irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation (IBS-C). In some embodiments, the subjects with IBS-C include a predominant bowel habit. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition as described herein. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product as described herein. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-C may substantially restore or improves a subject’s gut microbiome. For example, in some embodiments, methods according to the disclosure may increase gut microbiome diversity, in some embodiments, methods according to the disclosure may increase the amount of desired microorganisms in a gut microbiome. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-C restore or improve mucus layer thickness in a subject’s intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-C reduces a subject’s inflammation in the intestines. In some embodiments, treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-C reduces the subject’s rate of infection in the intestines. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound.In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans- caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N- coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine,N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine.N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine.N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine,N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine:N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine, N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine,N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p-comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg,40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg,155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning theaforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, theratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0086] In some embodiments, methods and uses of disclosure for restoring gut barrier in a subject. In some embodiments, the subject can be at risk for developing gut barrier dysfunction or an illness associated with gut barrier dysfunction due to, for example, exposure to a toxin, a medication, poor diet, an infection, dysbiosis, bacterial overgrowth, or long-term use of an antibiotic. In some embodiments, restoring gut barrier may include treating or preventing gut barrier dysfunction or an illness associated with gut barrier dysfunction or toxic or inflammatory injury to intestines or leaky intestinal (gut) syndrome and wherein a composition or food product of the disclosure treats or prevents gut barrier dysfunction or an illness associated with gut barrier dysfunction or toxic or inflammatory injury to intestines or leaky intestinal (gut) syndrome. In some embodiments, restoring gut barrier includes lowering lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In some embodiments, restoring gut barrier includes lowering (lipopolysaccharide-binding protein) LPS-binding protein. In some embodiments, restoring gut barrier includes lowing soluble CD14 (sCD14). In some embodiments, restoring gut barrierincludes lowering lipocalin-12 (LCN-12). In some embodiments, restoring gut barrier includes lowering zonulin. In some embodiments, restoring gut barrier includes lowering occludin. In some embodiments, restoring gut barrier includes lowering lactulose / mannitol (L / M) ratio. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans- feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans- feruloyloctopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine,N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine.N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine.N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramineN-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine,N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg.In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at leastone fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, theratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0087] In some embodiments, methods and uses of disclosure for treating, preventing, reducing, or ameliorating bloating and abdominal pain in a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the method includes a significant reduction in bloating and abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing the composition or food products as described herein. In some embodiments, providing the composition or food products as described herein treats, prevents, reduces, or ameliorates gastrointestinal disturbances. In some embodiments, providing the composition or food products as described herein reduces abdominal discomfort. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a compositionincluding at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans- caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N- coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine.N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-i soferul oy I octopami ne.N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine,N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine.N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine.N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine, N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine,N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p-comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg.In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. Tn some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0088] In some embodiments, methods and uses of the disclosure include providing digestive wellness. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes improvements to bowel function, for example, but not limited to stool consistency or frequency. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes improving irritable bowel syndrome. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes creatinine to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT) to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to adesirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes alkaline phosphatase to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes total bilirubin to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes albumin to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes total protein to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes sodium to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes potassium to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes chloride to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes glucose to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes uric acid to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes total cholesterol to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes triglycerides to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes calcium to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, digestive wellness includes phosphorus to be at a normal range, and if elevated, to be decreased to a desirable level. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N- trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis- feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine,N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine,N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N -tran s-caffeoy 1 dopam i n e, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine,N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the compositioncomprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source isderived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In someembodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0089] In some embodiments, methods and uses of the disclosure include treating a gastrointestinal disorder in a subject. In some embodiments, the method includes providing at least one compound or a composition as described herein at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, the treatment provides symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in thefrequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans- caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N- coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine.N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-i soferul oy I octopami ne.N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine, N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine,N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine.N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine.N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine, N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine,N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p-comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg.In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. Tn some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0090] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for supporting gastrointestinal well-being in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods and uses include providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein supporting gastrointestinal wellbeing provides symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consistingof LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N- trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxy cinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis- feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine. N -trans-i soferul oy Ity rami ne, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-i soferul oyldopamine:N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N -trans-caffeoy 1 dopami ne, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine. N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine. N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or rangesincluding, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or rangesincluding, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0091] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for supporting gastrointestinal well-being in a subject. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine at a dosinglevel at about 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein supporting gastrointestinal well-being provides symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N- trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis- feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine:N -trans-i soferul oy Ity rami ne, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-i soferul oyldopamine. N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine:N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p-com aroyl octopam ine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount fromabout 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, elevenmonths, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1:5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0092] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for facilitating the absorption of nutrients in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods and uses include providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, facilitating absorption of nutrients includes facilitating the uptake of nutrients at the gut barrier. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N- trans-caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N- cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5-hy droxy ferul oy 1 ty ram i ne, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine. N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine. N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N -trans-caffeoy 1 dopami ne, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine. N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine. N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 1 15 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg,160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. Insome embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicoryroot fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. Tn some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0093] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for regulating an immune or inflammatory response in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods and uses include providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, regulating an immune or inflammatory response in a subject includes regulating at least one anti-inflammatory peptide, cytokine modulator, or monoclonal antibodies. In some embodiments, regulating an immune or inflammatory response in a subject includes reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and restoring gut barrier integrity, thereby alleviating symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. In some embodiments, regulating an immune or inflammatory response in a subject includes enhancing the immune function and gut barrier properties of the gut epithelium. In some embodiments, regulating an immune or inflammatory response in a subject includes enhancing the integrity of epithelial tight junctions, thereby strengthening the gut barrier against an immune response or inflammation. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consistingof LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N- trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxy cinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis- feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine. N -trans-i soferul oy Ity rami ne, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-i soferul oyldopamine:N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N -trans-caffeoy 1 dopami ne, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine. N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine. N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or rangesincluding, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or rangesincluding, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0094] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for keeping pathogenic bacteria and endogenous toxins out of the surrounding intestinal cells and the bloodstream of a subject. In some embodiments, keeping pathogenic bacteria and endogenoustoxins out of the surrounding intestinal cells and the bloodstream includes blocking bacterial adhesion to the intestinal epithelium, thereby preventing colonization and subsequent toxin production. In some embodiments, keeping pathogenic bacteria and endogenous toxins out of the surrounding intestinal cells and the bloodstream includes impeding the penetration of both pathogens and toxins. In some embodiments, keeping pathogenic bacteria and endogenous toxins out of the surrounding intestinal cells and the bloodstream includes strengthening tight junctions limits parcellular transport of bacteria and toxins. In some embodiments, keeping pathogenic bacteria and endogenous toxins out of the surrounding intestinal cells and the bloodstream includes preventing bacteria and endogenous toxins from preventing their interaction with intestinal cells. In some embodiments, the methods and uses include providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N- trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxy cinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine. N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine. N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine. N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg.In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried orpowdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1:5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0095] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for modulating healthy microbial populations in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods and uses include providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, modulating healthy microbial populations includes probiotics. In some embodiments, providing the composition includes balancing pH levels and mucin production in the gut. In some embodiments, providing the composition includes creating an optimal environment for beneficial bacterial. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N- trans-caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising anamount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N- cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine N -trans-i soferul oy Ity rami ne, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine. N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine. N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine. N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg.In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at leastone fiber source. Tn some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, theratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0096] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for maintaining homeostasis with gut microbiota in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods and uses include providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrierbiomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N- trans-caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N- cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamineN-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine.N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamineN-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine.N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine.N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg,160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine andN-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1:5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0097] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for regulating Paneth cell differentiation and function in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods and usesinclude providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N- trans-caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N- cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N -trans-caffeoy 1 dopami ne, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine^ N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine, N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine, N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, thehydroxy cinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. Tn some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mgand the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, sevenmonths, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio ofN-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, theratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0098] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for influencing expression of goblet cell mucins in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods and uses include providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N- trans-caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N- cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine,N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine, N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine,N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine,N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine,N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamine,N-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. Insome embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subjectfor about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1 :3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0099] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for maintaining homeostasis with gut microbiota in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods and uses include providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N- trans-caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acidamide. In some embodiments, the hydroxy cinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N- cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine.N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine.N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N -trans-caffeoy 1 dopami ne, N-cis-caffeoyldopamine^N-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine.N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine.N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg, 160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount fromabout 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the groupconsisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 10: 1 to about 1 : 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5: 1 to about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N- trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio from about 2.5:1 to about 2:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.5: 1 to about 1 :2.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 5:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 4: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 3: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 2.2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about2: 1. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :2.2. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :3. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :4. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5. In some embodiments, the method includes providing to the subject a composition comprising from about 100 mg to about 150 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in a ratio of 1:3 to 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans- feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :5.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans- caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine to N-trans-feruloyltyramine is from about 1 :6.5. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N- trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition is an immediate release formulation. In some embodiments, the composition is a sustained release formation.

[0100] In some embodiments, methods and uses are provided for supporting regenerative properties of the mucosal barrier in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods and uses include providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine at a dosing level at about 20 mg to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the dosing level is at about 120 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is administered once daily. In some embodiments, the composition is provided for at least one week. In some embodiments, the composition improves at least one gut barrier biomarker. In some embodiments, the at least one gut barrier biomarker is selected from the group consisting of LPS, LPS-binding protein, sCD14, LCN-12, zonulin, occludin, and an L / M assay. In some embodiments, the improving the at least one gut barrier biomarker improves at least one gastrointestinal symptom. In some embodiments, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N- trans-caffeoyltyramine are used in the manufacture of a nutraceutical composition for supporting healthy gastrointestinal function, the nutraceutical composition comprising an amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in a range from 20 mg toabout 200 mg, wherein the nutraceutical composition is intended to provide symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a food product including at least one fiber source and at least one bioactive phenolic compound. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide may be selected from, but not limited to, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, N-cis-caffeoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N- cis-feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, cinnamoyltyramine, sinapoyltyramine, 5- hydroxyferuloyltyramine, N-coumaroyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyloctopamine.N-trans-isoferuloyltyramine, N-cis-isoferuloyltyramine, N-trans-isoferuloyldopamine:N-trans-isoferuloyloctopamine, N-trans-caffeoyldopamine, N-cis-caffeoyldopamineN-trans-caffeoyloctopamine, N-cis-caffeoyloctopamine, N-trans-sinapoyldopamine.N-trans-sinapoyloctopamine, N-o-coumaroyltyramine, N-m-coumaroyltyramine.N-trans-cinnamoyldopamine, N-trans-cinnamoyloctopamineN-trans-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine, N-trans-dihydroferuloyltyramine, N-p- comaroyloctopamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the hydroxycinnamic acid amide is N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the composition includes N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound is in an amount from about 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 45 mg, 50 mg, 55 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 70 mg, 75 mg, 80 mg, 85 mg, 90 mg, 95 mg, 100 mg, 105 mg, 110 mg, 115 mg, 120 mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 135 mg, 140 mg, 145 mg, 150 mg, 155 mg,160 mg, 165 mg, 170 mg, 175 mg, 180 mg, 185 mg, 190 mg, 195 mg, 200 mg, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the N- trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg. Insome embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg to about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 24 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 60 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the at least one bioactive phenolic compound includes N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 100 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 25 mg to about 150 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 50 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 35 mg to about 65 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 40 mg and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine from about 100 mg. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 60 mg N-trans- caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 120 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 140 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans- feruloyltyramine. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5% to about 30% (w / w) of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 10% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 15% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 20% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes at least 30% of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about3 g to about 20 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 5 g to about 15 g of at least one fiber source. In some embodiments, the composition or food product includes from about 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, 10 g, 11 g, 13 g, 15 g, 17 g, 19 g, 21 g, 23 g, 2 5g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber. In some embodiments, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, com fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is hemp hull fiber. In some embodiments, the at least one fiber source is derived from a hemp hull. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months. In some embodiments, the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 100 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in an amount from about 25 g to about 60 g. In some embodiments, the composition is provided from about 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, 40 g, 45 g, 50 g, 55 g, 60 g, 65 g, 70 g, 75 g, 80 g, 85 g, 90 g, 95 g, 100 g, 105 g, 110 g, 115 g, 120 g, 125 g, 130 g, 135 g, 140 g, 145 g, 150 g, or ranges including, between, and / or spanning the aforementioned values. In some embodiments, the ratio of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine t...

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A method for treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating a disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability in a subject, the method comprising: providing to the subject a composition comprising at least one fiber source and an effective amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof, wherein the disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability is irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea (IBS-BAD).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises from about 3g to about 20g of the at least one fiber source.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the composition comprises from about 5% to about 30% of the at least one fiber source.

4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber.

5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD restores gut microbiome or restores mucus layer thickness in the subject’s intestines.

7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD reduces an inflammation in the subject’s intestines or an infection rate in the subject’s intestines.

8. The method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD produces one or more outcomes selected from:(a) improved nutrient absorption;(b) boosted intestinal immune function;(c) treatment, improvement, reduction or amelioration of bile-acid malabsorption (BAM);(d) treatment, improvement, reduction or amelioration of chronic diarrhea;(e) treatment, improvement, reduction or amelioration of abdominal pain and cramping;(f) treatment, improvement, reduction or amelioration of bloating and gas;(g) treatment, improvement, reduction or amelioration of fatty -food intolerance; and / or(h) treatment, improvement, reduction or amelioration of deficient bile-acid re-absorption.

9. The method of any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the subject is provided at least 10 grams of the at least one fiber source twice daily.

10. The method of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount selected from: about 10 mg to about 140 mg; about 20 mg to about 90 mg; about 60 mg to about 96 mg; about 20 mg; about 40 mg; about 60 mg; and / or about 82.5 mg.

11. The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount selected from: about 25 mg to about 150 mg;about 35 mg to about 65 mg; about 24 mg; about 37.5 mg; about 50 mg; and / or about 60 mg.

12. The method of claim 1 to 11, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans- feruloyltyramine is in a ratio selected from:(a) about 10: 1 to about 1 :10;(b) about 5: 1 to about 1:5;(c) 2.5:1 to about 2: 1;(d) 1 :1 to about 1 :4; and / or(e) about 2.2: 1.

13. The method of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is a percentage of the composition selected from:(a) about 0.5% to about 2.5% (w / w);(b) about 5% to about 20% (w / w);(c) about 10% to about 90% (w / w);(d) about 20% to about 50% (w / w);(e) about 0.5% (w / w);(d) at least 5% (w / w); and / or(e) at least 10% (w / w).

14. The method of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and the N-trans-feruloyltyramine in the composition is in an amount selected from:(a) about 60 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 60 mg N-trans- feruloyltyramine;(b) about 96 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 24 mg N-trans- feruloyltyramine; and(c) about 82.5 mg N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and 37.5 mg N-trans- feruloyltyramine.

15. The method of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the composition is a sustained release formation.

16. The method of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the composition is an immediate release formulation.

17. The method of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition is provided to the subject for a period of continuous administration to treat the disease or the condition associated with IBS-BAD.

18. The method any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks.

19. The method of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months.

20. The method any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months.

21. The method of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day.

22. The method of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 120 g.

23. The method of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the composition is provided in an amount from about 120 g.

24. A method to restore intestinal barrier integrity in a subject with higher levels of increased mucosal permeability, the method comprising: providing to the subject a composition comprising at least one fiber source and an effective amount of N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, or a salt thereof, wherein restoring the intestinal barrier integrity in the subject with the higher levels of increased mucosal permeability intestinal permeability improves a disease or condition associated with irritable bowel syndrome-bile acid diarrhea (IBS-BAD).

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the composition comprises from about 3g to about 20g of the at least one fiber source.

26. The method of claim 24 or 25, wherein the composition comprises from about 5% to about 30% of the at least one fiber source.

27. The method of any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber.

28. The method of any one of claims 24 to 27, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof.

29. The method of any one of claims 24 to 28, wherein treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating IBS-BAD produces one or more outcomes selected from:(a) restores gut microbiome;(b) restores mucus layer thickness in the subject’s intestines;(c) reduces inflammation in the subject’s intestines; and / or(d) reduces infection rate in the subject’s intestines.

30. The method of any one of claims 24 to 29, wherein the subject is provided at least 10 grams of the at least one fiber source twice daily.

31. The method of any one of claims 24 to 30, wherein the N-trans- caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 10 mg to about 140 mg.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is in an amount from about 20 mg to about 90 mg.

33. The method of any one of claims 24 to 32, wherein the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 25 mg to about 150 mg.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein the N-trans-feruloyltyramine is in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg.

35. The method of any one of claims 24 to 34, wherein the composition is provided to the subject for a period of continuous administration to treat the disease or the condition associated with IBS-BAD.

36. The method of any one of claims 24 to 35, wherein the composition is provided to the subject for about one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks, six weeks, seven weeks, eight weeks, nine weeks, ten weeks, eleven weeks, or twelve weeks.

37. The method of any one of claims 24 to 35, wherein the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months.

38. The method of any one of claims 24 to 35, wherein the composition is provided to the subject for about one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, or twelve months.

39. The method of any one of claims 24 to 35, wherein the composition is provided to the subject once a day, two times per day, or three times per day.

40. The method of any one of claims 24 to 35, wherein the composition is provided in an amount from about 10 g to about 120 g.

41. The method of any one of claims 24 to 35, wherein the composition is provided in an amount at about 120 g.

42. A food product, comprising: at least one fiber source from about 3g to about 20g;N-trans-caffeoyltyramine in an amount from about 20 mg to about 90 mg; and N-trans-feruloyltyramine in an amount from about 35 mg to about 65 mg.

43. The food product of claim 42, wherein the food product is in a form selected from the group consisting of butter, margarine, sweet or savory spreads, condiment, biscuits, food bar, crisp, cracker, granola, health bar, bread, cake, cereal, candy, confectionery, soup, milk, yogurt or a fermented milk product, cheese, juice-based and vegetable-based beverages, functional beverage, powdered beverage mix, fermented beverages, shakes, flavored waters, tea, and oil.

44. The food product of claim 43, wherein the food product is a food bar.

45. The food product of any one of claims 42 to 44, wherein the at least one fiber source is insoluble dietary fiber.

46. The food product of any one of claims 42 to 45, wherein the at least one fiber source is selected from the group consisting of hemp hulls, oats, brown rice, barley, whole wheat, almonds, chia seeds, flax seeds, sunflower seeds, figs, prunes, raisins, dried apples, chickpeas, lentils, beans, dried or powdered carrots, dried or powdered sweet potatoes, dried or powdered beets, inulin, chicory root fiber, corn fiber, acacia fiber, and combinations thereof.

47. The food product of any one of claims 42 to 46, wherein the food product further comprises a carbohydrate, a protein, a starch, a flour, a fat, a salt, a preservative, a vitamin, a mineral, a flavoring agent, or a combination thereof.

48. A method for treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating a disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability in a subject, the method comprising: providing a therapeutically effective amount of a food product of any one of claims 42 to 47; wherein the disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability is selected from the group consisting of irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea (IBS-D), thereby treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating the disease or condition associated with intestinal permeability in the subject.

49. A method of treating a gastrointestinal disorder in a subject, comprising providing a therapeutically effective amount of a food product of any one of claims 42 to 47; wherein the treating provides symptomatic improvements that include a reduction in abdominal distention, an improvement in diarrhea-type bowel movements, an increase in the frequency of daily bowel movements, and a reduction in abdominal pain.

50. A method of treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating gastrointestinal discomfort or pain in a subject, the method comprising: providing a composition comprising N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine at a dosing level from about 20 mg to about 200 mg, wherein the N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-caffeoyltyramine is at a ratio from about 1: 1 to about 4: 1, thereby treating, improving, reducing, or ameliorating gastrointestinal discomfort or pain the subject.

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