Use of taars1 gene in regulation and control of plant alkylresorcinol and / or plant resistance

Abstract

The present invention relates to a use of a TaARS1 gene in regulation and control of a plant alkylresorcinol and / or plant resistance. Provided is a use of a TaARS1 gene, wherein the amino acid sequence of a protein encoded by the TaARS1 gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3. By developing and utilizing the TaARS1 gene, and editing the TaARS1 gene in wheat, it is found that the alkylresorcinol content in wheat is reduced, and overexpression of the TaARS1 gene in wheat and other crops can effectively increase the alkylresorcinol content in wheat and other crops, enhance plant resistance to Fusarium, particularly Fusarium graminearum, and improve the nutritional value of the related crops.

Description

Applications of the TaARS1 gene in regulating alkylresorcinol and / or plant resistance

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. CN202411855789.9, filed on December 16, 2024, entitled "Application of TaARS1 gene in regulating plant alkyl resorcinol and / or plant resistance", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application belongs to the fields of genetic engineering and plant disease control technology, specifically involving the application of the TaARS1 gene in regulating plant alkyl resorcinol and / or plant resistance. Background Technology

[0003] Alkylresorcinols (ARs) are a special class of phenolic lipids. They are a general term for derivatives of 1,3-benzene whose 5-position is replaced by an alkyl group containing an odd number of carbon atoms. They are amphiphilic, including hydrophilic resorcinol rings synthesized via polyketide synthesis and hydrophobic alkyl chains synthesized via fatty acid synthesis. ARs are very important components of wheat bran, possessing various physiological and biological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, and enzyme inhibition as biomarkers. Therefore, applying ARs to crop disease resistance breeding and improving crop nutritional quality is of great significance.

[0004] Fusarium graminearum is a group of plant pathogenic fungi that mainly infect cereal crops such as wheat, barley, and maize, causing wheat scab and maize stalk rot, reducing the yield and quality of grain crops (Chen Y, Kistler HC, Ma Z (2019) Fusarium graminearum Trichothecene Mycotoxins: Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Management. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 57:15-39.). The conidia produced by Fusarium graminearum through asexual reproduction are spread by wind and rain, landing on wheat leaves and ears, and can infect wheat at all developmental stages, with the greatest damage occurring in the flowering stage of wheat ears, sometimes leading to total crop failure. Therefore, identifying and utilizing resistance substances in Fusarium graminearum and elucidating its regulatory mechanisms are particularly important in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide the application of the TaARS1 gene in regulating plant alkyl resorcinol and / or plant resistance, regulating the content of alkyl resorcinol in plants, regulating plant resistance to Fusarium, especially Fusarium graminearum, and regulating the nutritional value of plants.

[0006] This application provides for the use of the TaARS1 gene in one or more of the following:

[0007] (1) Regulating the content of alkyl resorcinol in plants;

[0008] (2) Regulating plant pathogen resistance; the pathogens include Fusarium;

[0009] (3) Regulating plant disease resistance; the plant diseases mentioned include plant diseases caused by Fusarium;

[0010] The amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:3.

[0011] Preferably, the plant alkyl resorcinol content includes the alkyl resorcinol content in plant seeds.

[0012] Preferably, the regulation of plant alkylresorcinol content includes: overexpressing the TaARS1 gene to increase the plant alkylresorcinol content, or negatively regulating the TaARS1 gene to decrease the plant alkylresorcinol content.

[0013] Preferably, the plant alkyl resorcinol includes one or more of C17:0, C19:0, C21:0, and C23:0.

[0014] Preferably, the regulation of plant pathogen resistance includes: overexpressing the TaARS1 gene to increase plant pathogen resistance, or negatively regulating the TaARS1 gene to decrease plant pathogen resistance.

[0015] Preferably, the Fusarium includes Fusarium graminearum.

[0016] Preferably, the plant includes wheat and / or corn.

[0017] Preferably, the regulation of plant disease resistance includes: overexpressing the TaARS1 gene to increase plant disease resistance, or negatively regulating the TaARS1 gene to decrease plant disease resistance.

[0018] Preferably, the plant diseases include wheat scab and / or maize stalk rot.

[0019] Preferably, the target site for gene editing of the TaARS1 gene is the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.6 and SEQ ID NO.7.

[0020] Preferably, the coding region nucleotide sequence of the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:2.

[0021] Preferably, the full-length genomic nucleotide sequence of the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:1.

[0022] This application provides a method for increasing the content of alkylresorcinol in plants, improving resistance to plant pathogens and plant diseases by overexpressing the TaARS1 gene in plants; the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:3;

[0023] The pathogens include Fusarium;

[0024] The plant diseases mentioned include those caused by Fusarium. Beneficial effects:

[0025] This application provides the application of the TaARS1 gene in one or more of the following: (1) regulating the content of alkylresorcinol in plants; (2) regulating plant pathogen resistance, wherein the pathogen includes Fusarium; (3) regulating plant disease resistance, wherein the plant diseases include plant diseases caused by Fusarium; the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:3. This application develops and utilizes the TaARS1 gene. By overexpressing the TaARS1 gene in wheat and other crops, the content of alkylresorcinol in wheat and other crops can be effectively increased, enhancing the plant's resistance to Fusarium, especially Fusarium graminearum, enhancing the resistance to wheat scab and / or corn stalk rot, and improving the nutritional value of related crops. This application involves gene editing of the TaARS1 gene and analysis of the content of alkyl resorcinol homologues in grains. The results showed that the content of alkyl resorcinol homologues was significantly reduced in the gene-edited family, further demonstrating that TaARS1 is a key gene for the synthesis of ARs in wheat. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0027] Figure 1 is a bubble chart showing the content of alkyl resorcinol in tissues throughout the entire growth period of the dwarf 58 wheat variety;

[0028] Figure 2 is a phylogenetic tree of candidate genes for alkylresorcinol synthase amino acid sequences;

[0029] Figure 3 is a bubble chart showing the expression levels of TaARS candidate genes in samples throughout the entire reproductive period;

[0030] Figure 4 shows the differentially expressed alkyl resorcinols in recombinant yeast expressing TaARS1 and wild-type yeast;

[0031] Figure 5 shows the biosynthetic pathway of alkyl resorcinol;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the genetic transformation vector for overexpressing TaARS1 in wheat;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the genetic transformation vector for overexpressing TaARS1 in maize;

[0034] Figure 8 shows the content of alkyl resorcinol in grains of wild-type wheat and transgenic wheat overexpressing TaARS1 one week after grain filling; where *** indicates P<0.001;

[0035] Figure 9 shows the TaARS1 gene expression levels in grains of wild-type wheat and transgenic wheat with overexpression of TaARS1 one week after grain filling; where *** indicates P<0.001;

[0036] Figure 10 shows the content of alkyl resorcinol in mature kernels of wild-type maize and transgenic maize overexpressing TaARS1; where *** indicates P<0.001;

[0037] Figure 11 shows the gene editing types of the TaARS1 gene;

[0038] Figure 12 shows the alkyl resorcinol content in mature grains of wild-type wheat and TaARS1 gene-edited transgenic wheat; where *** indicates P<0.001;

[0039] Figure 13 is a plate plot showing the in vitro antibacterial activity of alkyl resorcinols with different chain lengths.

[0040] Figure 14 shows the statistical results of hyphal area in the in vitro antibacterial activity detection of alkyl resorcinols with different chain lengths; where ** indicates P<0.01, and *** indicates P<0.001.

[0041] Figure 15 shows the phenotypic diagram of wheat resistance to Fusarium graminearum under different alkyl resorcinol treatments;

[0042] Figure 16 shows the statistical results of Fusarium graminearum infection rate on wheat under different alkyl resorcinol treatments; where ** indicates P<0.01, and *** indicates P<0.001. Detailed Implementation

[0043] This application provides the use of the TaARS1 gene in one or more of the following: (1) regulating the content of alkylresorcinol in plants; (2) regulating plant pathogen resistance, wherein the pathogen includes Fusarium; (3) regulating plant disease resistance, wherein the plant disease includes plant diseases caused by Fusarium; the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:3.

[0044] In one embodiment, the regulation of plant alkylresorcinol content described in this application includes: overexpressing the TaARS1 gene to increase the plant alkylresorcinol content, or negatively regulating the TaARS1 gene to decrease the plant alkylresorcinol content. In another embodiment, increasing the plant alkylresorcinol content includes increasing the content of one or more of C17:0, C19:0, C21:0, and C23:0; in yet another embodiment, increasing the plant alkylresorcinol content includes increasing the content of C17:0, C19:0, C21:0, and C23:0. In yet another embodiment, the plant alkylresorcinol content described in this application includes the alkylresorcinol content in plant seeds.

[0045] As one implementation, the CAS numbers of C17:0, C19:0, C21:0 and C23:0 described in this application are 41442-57-3, 35176-46-6, 70110-59-7 and 70110-60-0, respectively.

[0046] In one embodiment, the regulation of plant pathogen resistance described in this application includes: overexpressing the TaARS1 gene to increase plant pathogen resistance, or negatively regulating the TaARS1 gene to decrease plant pathogen resistance. In one embodiment, the Fusarium described in this application includes Fusarium graminearum. In one embodiment, the plant described in this application includes wheat and / or maize.

[0047] In one embodiment, the regulation of plant disease resistance described in this application includes: overexpressing the TaARS1 gene to increase plant disease resistance, or negatively regulating the TaARS1 gene to decrease plant disease resistance. In one embodiment, the plant disease described in this application is a plant disease caused by Fusarium graminearum. In one embodiment, the plant disease described in this application includes wheat scab and / or maize stalk rot.

[0048] In one embodiment, the gene editing target of the TaARS1 gene described in this application is the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 6 and SEQ ID NO. 7. In another embodiment, the coding region nucleotide sequence of the TaARS1 gene described in this application is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. In yet another embodiment, the full-length genomic nucleotide sequence of the TaARS1 gene described in this application is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0049] This application provides a method for increasing the content of alkylresorcinol in plants and improving plant resistance by overexpressing the TaARS1 gene in plants; the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:3; the pathogen includes Fusarium.

[0050] As one implementation method, the plant described in this application is wheat and / or corn. This application does not have strict requirements regarding the method of overexpressing the TaARS1 gene; conventional methods in the art are sufficient.

[0051] To further illustrate this application, the application of the TaARS1 gene provided in this application in regulating plant alkyl resorcinol and / or plant resistance is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Acquisition of the TaARS1 gene

[0054] 1. Identification and structural analysis of the TaARS1 gene

[0055] (1) Using two replicate samples of 25 tissues from wheat dwarf 58 at the one-leaf-one-heart stage, the one-leaf-one-heart stage, the three-leaf-one-heart stage, the leaves at the tillering stage, the leaves at the jointing stage, the flag leaf sheath at the flowering stage, the stem nodes at the flowering stage, the glumes, the stamens, and the grains (grain filling I-V and maturity stages), the freeze-dried samples were ground into powder and extracted with 100% methanol to obtain the content of alkyl resorcinols (ARs) at different stages of wheat. The results showed that the main accumulation period of ARs in wheat was during the grain development stage (Figure 1). It is inferred that the alkyl resorcinol synthase involved in ARs biosynthesis is mainly expressed in the grains.

[0056] (2) Local BLAST analysis was performed using six characterized alkylresorcinol synthases (ARS) from other species and the whole genome sequence of Chinese spring wheat. Genes with E values ​​close to zero and amino acid sequence similarity greater than 50% were screened by amino acid sequence homology comparison. After removing duplicates, 38 candidate genes were initially screened from the BLAST results. The Pfam database annotated these 38 genes as Chalcone and stilbene synthases (PF00195 / PF02797). Further conserved domain analysis of the candidate genes was performed using the Batch CD-search tool provided by NCBI. The results showed that all 38 genes belonged to the superfamily PLN03171, which is the same as the superfamily of the characterized ARS, but different from those of CHS (belonging to the superfamily PLN03169 / PLN03170). The amino acid sequences of these 38 wheat ARS candidate genes were compared with the published amino acid sequences of ARS, CHS and STS in other species. Five pseudogenes with excessively large sequence deletions were manually screened out. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA11 software. The results are shown in Figure 2.

[0057] (3) Transcriptome sequencing was performed on multiple tissue samples of the dwarf 58 wheat throughout its entire growth period. Based on RNA-seq data and local BLAST results, genes with similar expression patterns to the metabolite accumulation pattern were identified. The results are shown in Figure 3.

[0058] (4) Based on previous studies on the role of ARs in wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and transcriptome data of wheat infected with Fusarium graminearum from the WheatOmics website, combined with the above phylogenetic analysis, the candidate gene TraesCS6B01G022500.1 was selected as the gene for subsequent research and named TaARS1. The full-length genome of TaARS1 has a nucleotide sequence of 1713 bp (see SEQ ID NO:1 in the sequence listing), a coding region nucleotide sequence of 1236 bp (see SEQ ID NO:2 in the sequence listing), and an amino acid sequence encoding 411 proteins (see SEQ ID NO:3 in the sequence listing). This gene contains one intron.

[0059] 2. Amplification of the TaARS1 gene

[0060] Based on the sequence information of the TaARS1 gene in the wheat variety "Chinese Spring" (CS), total RNA was extracted from CS and reverse transcribed into cDNA. The cDNA was then amplified using primers (TaARS1-F: 5'-ATGGGAAGCATCGGAACCGC-3', SEQ ID NO:4; TaARS1-R: 5'-CTAGCGTGGACAGCGGAGCA-3', SEQ ID NO:5). The PCR-amplified target fragment was ligated into a blunt-ended vector. The reaction product was transformed into *E. coli* DH5α, and the culture was incubated for 1 h with 1 mL of LB broth. 150 μL of the incubated bacterial culture was plated on LB agar containing resistant *Amp* and incubated at 37°C for 12 h. Single clones were subjected to PCR detection, and plasmids were extracted and sequenced. Sequencing analysis of the PCR products yielded the cDNA sequence of the TaARS1 gene, resulting in a 1236 bp TaARS1 gene sequence amplified from CS. After the sequence alignment is correct, homologous recombination is performed with the target vector.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Validation of TaARS1 heterologous expression function in yeast

[0063] 1. Construction of TaARS1 heterologous expression vector in yeast

[0064] The 1236 bp TaARS1 gene fragment amplified from CS in Example 1 was subjected to homologous recombination with the target vector pYES2. The reaction product was transformed into E. coli DH5α, and the cells were thawed in 1 mL of LB medium for 1 h. 150 μL of the thawed bacterial culture was plated on LB medium containing Amp-resistant bacteria and incubated at 37°C for 12 h. Single clones were subjected to PCR detection, and plasmids were extracted to obtain the recombinant vector.

[0065] 2. Yeast heterologous expression

[0066] The recombinant vector containing the target gene from step 1 was transformed into yeast INVSC1. Single colonies of yeast containing the recombinant vector were picked and cultured overnight at 28°C and 200 rpm in SD / -Ura liquid medium. The yeast cells were then collected and transferred to glucose-free SD / -Ura medium to consume glucose. Finally, the yeast cells were collected and induced to produce proteins in SD / -Ura liquid medium containing 2% galactose and raffinose, and cultured for 48 h at 28°C and 200 rpm. After induction, the yeast cells were collected, and glass beads and methanol were added to disrupt the yeast and extract ARs. After sonication for 30 min, the mixture was centrifuged, the supernatant was collected and filtered, and LC-MS / MS analysis revealed that the recombinase encoded by TaARS1 produced several ARs not present in the control expressing the empty vector, confirming that the protein encoded by TaARS1 participates in the biosynthetic pathway of ARs and possesses alkyl resorcinol synthase activity (Figures 4 and 5).

[0067] Example 3

[0068] Analysis of AR content in TaARS1 genetic material

[0069] 1. Construction and genetic transformation of TaARS1 genetic transformation vector

[0070] The 1236bp TaARS1 gene fragment amplified from CS in Example 1 was homologously recombinated with the target vector pZZ (for gene overexpression in maize) and pLGY (for gene overexpression in wheat) to obtain a recombinant vector. The vector map is shown in Figures 6 and 7.

[0071] 2. TaARS1 genetic transformation

[0072] Using Agrobacterium EHA105-mediated genetic transformation systems for wheat and maize, correctly cloned plasmids were introduced into Fielder wheat and KN5585 maize. After pre-culture, infection, co-culture, screening for callus with corresponding resistance, differentiation, rooting, hardening, and transplanting, transgenic plants were obtained.

[0073] 3. Analysis of alkylresorcinol synthase gene expression level and alkylresorcinol content in TaARS1 overexpression genetic materials

[0074] DNA levels in T0 generation overexpressing transgenic wheat and maize plants were detected to confirm TaARS1 overexpression in positive plants. RNA and metabolic samples were collected from T2 generation positive transgenic wheat grains one week after grain filling. Significant upregulation of TaARS1 expression was found in both overexpression lines, and LC-MS / MS analysis showed a significant increase in AR content (Figure 8), with expression and metabolic content showing a consistent upward trend (Figure 9). ARs were extracted from mature grains of T2 generation positive transgenic maize. LC-MS / MS analysis revealed a significant increase in AR homologue content in all three overexpression lines (Figure 10). The increased AR content in TaARS1 overexpressing transgenic wheat and maize grains indicates that TaARS1 is a key gene for AR synthesis in wheat.

[0075] 4. Analysis of Alkyl Resorcinol Content in TaARS1 Gene Editing Genetic Materials

[0076] Referring to existing techniques (Genome-edited powdery mildew resistance in wheat without growth penalties), CRISPR-CAS9 gene editing technology was used to edit TaARS1 and its orthologous genes in wheat. The target sequence is shown in Figure 11, as follows:

[0077] sgRNA1+PAM(SEQ ID NO.6);5'-GCTTCTGCTGGAGCTCCAGTGAGG-3';

[0078] sgRNA2+PAM (SEQ ID NO. 7): 5'-GGTGACGCGGAAGAGGTTCTCGG-3'.

[0079] DNA levels in T0 generation gene-edited wheat plants were analyzed to confirm the creation of TaARS1 gene-edited positive plants. Mature grains from T2 generation TaARS1 gene-edited positive transgenic wheat plants and wild-type wheat plants were sampled, and the content of alkyl resorcinol homologues in the grains was analyzed. LC-MS / MS analysis revealed a highly significant decrease in the content of ARs homologues in all three gene-edited families (Figure 12). The reduced ARs content in TaARS1 gene-edited wheat further indicates that TaARS1 is a key gene for ARs synthesis in wheat.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] Analysis of the effect of ARs on wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight

[0082] 1. In vitro antibacterial activity of alkyl resorcinol

[0083] Four pure antimicrobial agents (ARs) (C17:0, C19:0, C21:0, and C23:0) were selected for in vitro antibacterial experiments. Using DMSO as the solvent, the hyphal length of *Fusarium graminearum* on the culture medium was recorded after 4 days of growth at a final concentration of 0.01 mmol / L. One-way ANOVA was performed on at least six replicates of each AR. The results showed that the addition of all four ARs significantly inhibited the growth rate of *Fusarium graminearum* hyphae on the culture medium, and there was no significant difference in inhibition levels among the four ARs. Taking AR (C21:0), which showed the most significant resistance compared to the control, as an example, the inhibition rate was 13.78 ± 8.87% at a final concentration of 0.01 mmol / L, indicating that AR treatment inhibited the growth of *Fusarium graminearum* hyphae under this in vitro experimental method (Figures 13 and 14).

[0084] 2. Resistance of ARs to Fusarium graminearum in living plants

[0085] Pure ARs (C17:0, C19:0, C21:0, C23:0) were mixed with Fusarium graminearum spore suspension and then inoculated with the fungus before flowering using a single-flower drip method (refer to Liu S, Zhang X, Pumphrey MO, et al. Complex microcolinearity among wheat, rice, and barley revealed by fine mapping of the genomic region harboring a major QTL for resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat[J]. Funct Integr Genomics. 2006, 6(2): 83-9.). The infection rate of wheat spikelets under different treatments was then statistically analyzed, using DMSO as the solvent. The morphology of wheat spikelets after Fusarium graminearum infection was observed and the infection rate of spikelets was statistically analyzed by inoculating with a spore suspension containing 0.5 mmol / L ARs. The results showed that the infected parts of the wheat ears were enveloped by mycelium, and the spikelets developed dark brown to yellowish-white lesions. Some awns were twisted, and the wheat ears in the control group (DMSO) were basically infected throughout (Figure 15). Resistance evaluation to Fusarium showed that adding ARs to the spore solution significantly reduced the number of diseased spikelets. C17:0, C19:0, C21:0, and C23:0 reduced the infection rate from 97.8±2.9% to 34.17±5.1%, 67.0±6.1%, 48.8±7.5%, and 72.2±15.6%, respectively. Among them, AR17:0 showed the best inhibitory effect against Fusarium (Figure 16).

[0086] Example 6

[0087] (1) A homozygous mutant of the maize TaARS1 gene (TaARS1-KO) was constructed and inoculated with Fusarium graminearum in a greenhouse at the same time as wild-type maize (WT) and transgenic maize overexpressing the TaARS1 gene in Example 3 (TaARS1-OE). Phenotypic differences were observed in the later stage to verify the antibacterial activity of ARs synthesized by TaARS1 in wheat. The results showed that the degree of susceptibility was: TaARS1-KO > WT > TaARS1-OE.

[0088] (2) Wild-type maize (WT) and transgenic maize overexpressing the TaARS1 gene (TaARS1-OE) were inoculated with Fusarium in plots specifically designated for disease phenotype identification. The severity of maize stalk rot was observed to verify the antibacterial activity of ARs synthesized by TaARS1 in maize. The results showed that, compared with wild-type, maize materials overexpressing the TaARS1 gene exhibited a more resistant phenotype.

[0089] As can be seen from the above, overexpression of the TaARS1 gene can effectively increase the content of alkylresorcinol in plants (especially wheat and corn), thereby enhancing the plant's tolerance to pathogens such as Fusarium graminearum.

[0090] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of this application, they are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. The application of the TaARS1 gene in one or more of the following: (1) Regulating the content of alkyl resorcinol in plants; (2) Regulating plant pathogen resistance; the pathogens include Fusarium; (3) Regulating plant disease resistance; the plant diseases mentioned include plant diseases caused by Fusarium; The amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:

3.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant alkyl resorcinol content includes the alkyl resorcinol content in plant seeds.

3. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulation of plant alkylresorcinol content includes: overexpressing the TaARS1 gene to increase plant alkylresorcinol content, or negatively regulating the TaARS1 gene to decrease plant alkylresorcinol content.

4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plant-based alkyl resorcinol includes one or more of C17:0, C19:0, C21:0, and C23:

0.

5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulation of plant pathogen resistance includes: overexpressing the TaARS1 gene to increase plant pathogen resistance, or negatively regulating the TaARS1 gene to decrease plant pathogen resistance.

6. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Fusarium species mentioned include Fusarium graminearum.

7. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plants include wheat and / or corn.

8. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulation of plant disease resistance includes: overexpressing the TaARS1 gene to increase plant disease resistance, or negatively regulating the TaARS1 gene to decrease plant disease resistance.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The plant diseases mentioned include wheat scab and / or corn stalk rot.

10. The application according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that, The target site for gene editing of the TaARS1 gene is the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.6 and SEQ ID NO.

7.

11. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coding region nucleotide sequence of the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:

2.

12. The application according to claim 11, characterized in that, The full-length genomic nucleotide sequence of the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:

1.

13. A method for increasing the content of alkylresorcinol in plants, thereby enhancing resistance to plant pathogens and plant diseases, characterized in that, Overexpression of the TaARS1 gene in plants; the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the TaARS1 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:3; The pathogens include Fusarium; The plant diseases mentioned include those caused by Fusarium.

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