Mobile Forstmaschine

Abstract

The invention relates to a mobile forestry machine (1) which is equipped with a chassis (2), a primary energy source, a winch (4), a stake (5) and an adjustable ramp shield (6), wherein the forestry machine (1) does not have a driver's workstation for an operator.The mobile forestry machine has an electric drive system comprising at least one electric drive motor and / or an electric motor driving the winch (4), and in which a fuel cell unit (3) is provided as the primary energy source, supplying electrical energy to the at least one drive motor and / or the electric motor driving the winch (4), wherein, viewed in the longitudinal direction (L) of the vehicle, the fuel cell unit (3) is arranged at the front of the vehicle, viewed in the longitudinal direction (L) adjacent to the fuel cell unit (3) is the winch (4), adjacent to the winch (4) is the stake (5), and at the rear of the vehicle is the adjustable ramp shield (6), wherein, viewed in the longitudinal direction (L) of the vehicle, the winch (4) is arranged between the fuel cell unit (3) and the stake (5).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a mobile forestry machine which is provided with a chassis, a primary energy source, a cable winch, a stake and an adjustable ramp shield, wherein the forestry machine does not have a driver's workplace for an operator.

[0002] Such mobile forestry machines are used as tree felling aids and as forwarding aids for delivering felled trees to a forest road. Since the forestry machine does not have a driver's workstation, a forestry machine of this type can be built compactly and lightweight, allowing it to be used in forest areas unsuitable for conventional large machines.

[0003] Mobile forestry machines of this type generally have a combustion engine as their primary energy source. However, if the combustion engine is a diesel or gasoline engine powered by mineral fuel and uses mineral oil as a lubricant, environmental damage in the area of ​​use (forestry) can easily occur if the fuel or lubricant leaks during refilling or servicing.

[0004] In mobile forestry machines of this type, a design is already known in which the cable winch is arranged at the front of the vehicle, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and thus in front of the drive motor, the drive motor is arranged adjacent to the cable winch, and the stanchion is arranged adjacent to the drive motor. The drive motor is thus arranged between the cable winch and the stanchion, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. A disadvantage of this design is that the cable of the cable winch must be guided underneath the drive motor and deflected upwards behind the drive motor on a deflection pulley in order to be able to guide the cable to a cable outlet on a partition wall running in the transverse direction of the vehicle and arranged between the drive motor and the stanchion. This leads to an unfavorable power flow of the cable winch forces and limits the performance of the cable winch.

[0005] The present invention is based on the object of providing a mobile forestry machine of the type mentioned at the outset, which is improved with regard to environmental hazards and is improved with regard to the power flow of the forces of the cable winch and the arrangement of the components of the forestry machine.

[0006] This object is achieved according to the invention in that the mobile forestry machine has an electric drive system which has at least one electric drive motor and / or an electric motor driving the cable winch and in which a fuel cell unit which supplies the at least one drive motor and / or the electric motor driving the cable winch with electrical energy is provided as the primary energy source, wherein, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the fuel cell unit is arranged at the front, the cable winch is arranged next to the fuel cell unit, the stanchion is arranged next to the cable winch and the adjustable ramp plate is arranged at the rear of the vehicle.

[0007] The design of the mobile forestry machine according to the invention with an electric drive system which has at least one electric drive motor and / or an electric motor driving the cable winch and in which a fuel cell unit which supplies the at least one drive motor and / or the electric motor driving the cable winch with electrical energy is provided as the primary energy source, leads to the advantage that an internal combustion engine can be dispensed with as the primary energy source, so that the endangerment of the environment in the forest by escaping mineral fuel and / or escaping mineral oil is prevented.

[0008] In the forestry machine according to the invention, the fuel cell unit supplying the electric drive system with electrical energy is arranged at the front of the vehicle and thus in front of the cable winch, the cable winch is arranged adjacent to the fuel cell unit, and the stanchion is arranged adjacent to the cable winch. In the mobile forestry machine according to the invention, the cable winch is thus arranged between the fuel cell unit of the electric drive system and the stanchion, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Such a design allows the cable of the cable winch to be guided directly and without deflection on a deflection pulley from the cable winch upwards to a cable outlet arranged between the fuel cell unit and the stanchion. This leads to a favorable flow of the forces of the cable winch and makes it possible to increase the performance of the cable winch.

[0009] The design of the primary energy source as a fuel cell unit leads to particular advantages in the mobile forestry machine according to the invention, since a fuel cell unit requires little space and is lightweight, so that compact dimensions and a low weight of the mobile forestry machine can be achieved. Furthermore, the fuel, for example hydrogen or methanol, of the fuel cell unit can be easily refilled while the forestry machine is in use, so that long operating times of the mobile forestry machine can be achieved. Furthermore, the forestry machine is highly environmentally friendly when used in a forest area, since the fuel cell unit operates emission-free during operation and the fuel used in the fuel cell unit, for example hydrogen or methanol, does not pose any environmental hazards or damage to the environment.

[0010] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell unit comprises a fuel cell, a fuel tank, and a buffer battery. The buffer battery is preferably charged with electrical energy by the fuel cell. The buffer battery is preferably provided to cover power peaks of the traction motor(s) and / or the electric motor of the cable winch during dynamic processes.

[0011] Particularly advantageously, the fuel cell is designed as a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell that uses hydrogen as fuel. In such a design of the fuel cell as a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, the fuel tank is designed as a hydrogen tank. Such a fuel cell requires little space and is lightweight, and the hydrogen fuel can be easily refilled into the fuel tank, so that a mobile forestry machine powered by such a fuel cell unit enables a long operating time with a low overall weight.

[0012] Alternatively, the fuel cell can be designed as a direct methanol fuel cell, in which methanol is carried as fuel in a corresponding fuel tank. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell unit is arranged in an energy space, in particular a closed energy space, in which at least one hydraulic pump of a hydraulic system of the forestry machine, driven by an electric motor, is also arranged, wherein the electric motor driving the hydraulic pump is supplied with electrical energy by the fuel cell unit. In the mobile forestry machine according to the invention, the rotary consumers, which are formed by the at least one drive motor and / or the electric motor of the cable winch, are preferably designed as electric motors. However, electric linear drives are expensive, less powerful, and less robust than hydraulic linear drives.By arranging at least one hydraulic pump of the forestry machine's hydraulic system, driven by an electric motor, in the energy compartment, hydraulic linear drives, for example hydraulic cylinders, and / or other hydraulic consumers, for example a brake release device and / or hydraulic attachments, can be easily used and supplied. The energy compartment can also be provided with insulation. The insulation is preferably designed as thermal insulation and / or sound insulation. The closed energy compartment as a fuel cell compartment thus forms a compact noise and heat insulation box in which the fuel cell is arranged with the buffer battery and with the hydraulic pump and the electric motor driving the hydraulic pump.This results in advantages with regard to the noise and waste heat radiated from the hydraulic pump to the environment during operation of the forestry machine, and the fuel cell and the buffer battery can be easily kept at a favorable operating temperature even in cold ambient conditions.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell is arranged vertically above the buffer battery. This achieves a favorable center of gravity of the mobile forestry machine, since the heavier buffer battery is arranged in the lower area of ​​the power compartment and the lighter fuel cell is arranged vertically above the buffer battery. Furthermore, this allows the fuel cell to be positioned with good accessibility for servicing and maintenance.

[0014] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell unit, the cable winch, and the stanchion are arranged vertically above a base plate, and an underbody is arranged below the base plate, with a gap formed between the base plate and the underbody. The base plate and the underbody, which are connected to one another, form a lightweight and stable vehicle frame of the mobile forestry machine. The base plate separates the upper carriage, on which the fuel cell unit, the cable winch, and the stanchion are arranged, from the undercarriage of the forestry machine, which is provided with the running gear. If the underbody is designed as a continuous underbody plate, further advantages are achieved, since the underbody provides continuous protection without undercuts and the risk of entanglement with ground branches when the forestry machine is used in the forest.In addition, the structure of the floor slab and subfloor makes it possible to create a space between the two levels formed by the floor slab and the subfloor in which cables can be laid and installed, protected from damage and direct weather influences such as moisture and snow.

[0015] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cable winch comprises a winch tower arranged centrally in the transverse direction of the vehicle, which has force-transmitting struts connected to the chassis. The winch tower, which is arranged between the fuel cell unit and the stanchion in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and is arranged centrally in the transverse direction of the vehicle, allows the forces from the cable winch to be absorbed at a central area of ​​the forestry machine and to be transmitted to the chassis via the force-transmitting struts over short distances.

[0016] The force-transmitting struts are preferably designed as bulkheads that connect the floor panel to the underbody. The bulkheads are preferably arranged vertically and extend in the transverse direction of the vehicle.

[0017] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the winch tower has a cable outlet for a cable of the cable winch on its upper side. From such a cable outlet on the upper side of the winch tower, the cable of the cable winch can be easily guided toward the rear of the vehicle and the ramp shield, thus achieving a cable guide to the rear in order to pull tree trunks onto the stanchion with the cable winch. The cable of the cable winch is preferably guided from the cable winch to the cable outlet without a pulley.

[0018] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the forestry machine has a vertical partition wall running in the transverse direction of the vehicle on the side of the winch tower facing the stanchion. The partition wall separates the front area of ​​the forestry machine, in which the fuel cell unit with the hydraulic pump and the winch tower with the cable winch and its electric motor are located, from the rear area of ​​the forestry machine, which is equipped with the stanchion and the ramp shield and serves to support the load of tree trunks.

[0019] According to an advantageous development of the invention, a hydraulic chamber is formed on a first side of the winch tower in the transverse direction of the vehicle, in which at least one power module for the at least one electric drive motor and / or a line module for the electric motor driving the cable winch are installed, as well as one or more of the following components of the hydraulic system of the forestry machine are installed: • Oil tank • Oil filter • At least one hydraulic valve

[0020] In the transverse direction of the vehicle, on a first side of the winch tower, a hydraulic compartment is provided in the hydraulic chamber, in which the components of the forestry machine's hydraulic system, consisting of the oil tank, oil filter, and hydraulic valves, can be installed. Connections for hydraulic hoses leading to the corresponding hydraulic consumers of the forestry machine are provided. Furthermore, at least one power module for the at least one electric traction motor and / or a line module for the electric motor driving the cable winch are arranged in the hydraulic chamber. This enables simple assembly of the forestry machine and facilitates servicing of the components of the hydraulic system and the power modules of the electrical rotary consumers (traction motor, electric motor of the cable winch) during maintenance.

[0021] According to an advantageous development of the invention, a service space is formed on a second side of the winch tower in the vehicle transverse direction, in which one or more of the following components of the forestry machine are installed: • the fuel tank of the fuel cell unit • a fresh air filter of the fuel cell unit • a charger for charging the buffer battery • a battery disconnect switch

[0022] With such an on-board charger, the buffer battery can be easily charged when needed. The battery isolator switch enables the electrical separation of the buffer battery from the electric drive system during service or maintenance. The fresh air filter serves to draw in ambient air, from which oxygen can be extracted as an oxidizing agent for the fuel cell.

[0023] Located transversely across the vehicle, on a second side of the winch tower, a service compartment is provided in which the aforementioned components can be arranged. The service compartment contains those components of the forestry machine that require regular inspection and maintenance, such as the fresh air filter, or that require quick and easy access for the operation of the forestry machine, such as the fuel tank, the charger, and the battery disconnect switch. Arranging these components in the service compartment facilitates maintenance and inspection of these components and also allows quick and easy access to them.

[0024] According to an advantageous development of the invention, an electronics compartment is formed on one side of the energy compartment in the transverse direction of the vehicle, in which one or more of the following components of an electrical system of the forestry machine are installed: • an electronic vehicle control of the forestry machine • an electronic control of the fuel cell unit • a remote control of the forestry machine with charger and a receiver of the remote control • at least one socket

[0025] In the transverse direction of the vehicle, on one side of the power compartment, an electronics compartment is provided in which the components of the forestry machine's electrical system can be installed. These components include the forestry machine's electronic vehicle control system, the fuel cell unit's electronic control system (if present), the forestry machine's remote control system with charger and remote control receiver, and at least one electrical outlet. This allows for easy assembly of the forestry machine and facilitates servicing of the electrical system components during maintenance.

[0026] According to a further development of the invention, a storage space is preferably formed vertically above or below the electronics compartment. An additional enclosed storage space or compartment can be provided to the side of the power compartment and above or below the electronics compartment. This storage space is well protected from the environment and allows for the safe transport of equipment required for working with the forestry machine, such as a mobile phone, laptop, file folder, or navigation device.

[0027] According to an advantageous development of the invention, one or more of the following components are arranged in the vertical direction above the fuel cell unit and the hydraulic pump: • a cooling device of the hydraulic system • at least one power module for the at least one electric drive motor and / or a line module for the electric motor driving the cable winch

[0028] The space above the fuel cell unit and the hydraulic pump, and thus the space above the power compartment, forms a cooler compartment in which the hydraulic system's cooler can be installed. The hydraulic system's cooler is preferably attached to the winch tower. This allows for easy installation of the forestry machine and facilitates servicing of these components during maintenance. Furthermore, the waste heat and noise from the hydraulic system's cooler can advantageously be dissipated vertically upwards into the environment.

[0029] Furthermore, the at least one power module of the at least one electric traction motor and / or the power module of the electric motor driving the cable winch can be installed in the space above the power compartment. This offers advantages because the corresponding power modules are arranged in an easily accessible manner for service and maintenance purposes.

[0030] Particular advantages arise when the hydraulic system's cooling device is arranged with a cooling air flow outlet directed vertically upwards. This allows the waste heat from the hydraulic system's cooling device to be dissipated upwards to the environment via a large air outlet on top of the forestry machine.

[0031] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a storage compartment that can be heated by the waste heat from the cooling device is arranged adjacent to the cooling device of the hydraulic system. This makes it easy to create a warm or hot compartment that can be heated by the waste heat from the cooling device of the hydraulic system, which is thus suitable for carrying, heating, and keeping food and drinks, such as tea or coffee, warm and / or for carrying, drying, and keeping clothing, such as gloves, warm. The storage compartment can preferably be heated to temperatures in the range of 30-70°C by the waste heat from the cooling device of the hydraulic system.

[0032] According to a further development of the invention, an additional electric heater can be provided for the storage compartment, which is supplied with electrical energy by the fuel cell unit. With such an additional electric heater, a preferably temperature-controlled storage compartment can be easily achieved, which can be heated to temperatures in the range of 60-95°C.

[0033] According to an advantageous development of the invention, electrical connecting cables are laid in the space between the floor plate and the underbody, connecting the at least one electric traction motor and / or the electric motor driving the cable winch to the corresponding power module. This results in an underfloor installation of the electrical connecting cables from the power modules to the rotary electrical consumers of the forestry machine, for example, the at least one electric traction motor and the electric motor of the cable winch, protected from damage and environmental influences, such as rain and snow.

[0034] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, intake openings for a cooling air flow leading to the cooling device of the hydraulic system are preferably arranged in the vertical partition wall. The arrangement of the intake openings for a cooling air flow leading to the cooling device of the hydraulic system in the vertical partition wall between the winch tower and the stanchion makes it possible to draw in cool fresh air from the cooling air flow from the dust-free zone between the partition wall and the stanchion. The position and arrangement of the intake openings in the vertical partition wall and the air outlet on the corresponding cooling device above the power space also makes it possible to ensure the cool supply air flow from the dust-free zone in front of the stanchion and the warm exhaust air flow, including noise, via the cooling device vertically upwards without thermal short circuits.

[0035] Particular advantages arise if, according to an advantageous development of the invention, the power modules are arranged upstream of the cooling device in the cooling air flow. The power modules of the at least one electric traction motor and the electric motor of the cable winch, which represent temperature-critical components, are thus arranged as early as possible in the cooling air flow, and the less temperature-sensitive component formed by the cooling device is arranged further downstream in the cooling air flow, so that the power modules can be effectively cooled.

[0036] According to an advantageous development of the invention, a cable deflection pulley and a cable guide with a guide rail for the cable of the cable winch are provided, wherein the guide rail has an exit opening for the cable at the front of the vehicle. The guide rail with the exit opening for the cable at the front of the vehicle, in conjunction with the deflection pulley, thus enables a simple forward cable guide, for example, for the uphill transport of logs. The cable deflection pulley is preferably arranged in the vertically lower region of the partition wall, and the guide rail extends under the winch tower and under the power compartment to the front of the forestry machine.

[0037] Advantageously, the stanchion is mounted so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. The rotatable stanchion can advantageously be locked in one or more positions by means of a locking device. Furthermore, it is possible to make the stanchion removable.

[0038] According to a further development of the invention, a transverse reinforcement is arranged on the base plate in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle between the stanchion and the ramp shield. The transverse reinforcement enables a torsionally rigid and stable design of the forestry machine at the rear of the vehicle, on which the adjustable ramp shield is mounted and over which logs are pulled onto the stanchion by means of the cable winch.

[0039] Particular advantages arise if a storage trough extending in the transverse direction of the vehicle, preferably open at the top, is formed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle between the power compartment and the cable outlet on the winch tower. The storage trough can have a U-shaped or V-shaped cross-section and represents an upwardly open container on the top of the forestry machine. Such a storage trough makes it possible to carry larger tools on the forestry machine, for example, a felling machine, axes, splitting mauls, chains, a chainsaw, or a fire extinguisher.

[0040] Preferably, an outer cover hood is provided, which delimits the energy compartment at the front of the vehicle and extends along both outer sides of the vehicle to the partition wall. Such a cover hood serves to insulate the front half of the forestry machine, which houses the power components of the forestry machine, including the fuel cell unit, the hydraulic pump, and the cable winch.

[0041] Advantageously, a protective frame made of tubes is provided for the cover. This allows the cover to be easily protected from direct force transmission and damage.

[0042] The forestry machine according to the invention has a number of advantages.

[0043] The arrangement of the cable winch in the vehicle's longitudinal direction between the fuel cell unit and the stanchion enables a favorable flow of the cable winch's forces and a favorable transmission of the cable winch's forces via the winch tower into the chassis. The forestry machine can therefore be equipped with a powerful cable winch.

[0044] In the power compartment, the hydraulic compartment, the service compartment, and the electronics compartment, related functions can be arranged spatially close together in the corresponding compartment. The division of the related components into the corresponding compartments (power compartment, hydraulic compartment, service compartment, electronics compartment) enables optimization of the design of the forestry machine and facilitates simple assembly and maintenance during servicing. Furthermore, advantages arise during operation of the forestry machine, as the hot components (power modules, hydraulic pump, cooling device) in the corresponding compartments can be easily thermally insulated. The cooling air duct, with intake of fresh air at the partition wall and discharge of the heated exhaust air at the top of the cooling device, enables effective cooling of the hot components without the risk of a thermal short circuit.

[0045] The design of the forestry machine with an electric drive system makes it possible to reduce environmental risks in a simple manner. The use of a fuel cell unit as a power generation source leads to particular advantages, since a fuel cell unit requires little space and is lightweight, so that compact dimensions and a low weight of the mobile forestry machine can be achieved. Furthermore, the fuel, for example hydrogen, of the fuel cell unit can be easily refilled while the forestry machine is in use, so that long operating times of the mobile forestry machine can be achieved. In addition, the forestry machine is highly environmentally friendly when used in a forest area, since the fuel cell unit operates emission-free during operation and the fuel used in the fuel cell unit, for example hydrogen or methanol, does not pose any environmental risks or damage to the environment.

[0046] If the hydraulic system of the forestry machine according to the invention is operated with bio-hydraulic oil, for example an ester-based bio-hydraulic oil, the hydraulic system operated with biological hydraulic oil in the forestry machine according to the invention leads to further particular advantages, since when used in forest areas with the use of biological hydraulic oil, possible environmental damage caused by leaking hydraulic oil can be avoided.

[0047] The remote control makes the forestry machine easy to operate and requires no long training period. Furthermore, the remote control capability eliminates any risk for the operator on slopes or in the forest. The forestry machine is compact and lightweight and can be used as a felling aid for trees and as a forwarding aid for felled trees to forest roads. A tree trunk placed on the stanchion results in high traction due to the weight acting on the forestry machine, despite the forestry machine's low weight. The forestry machine preferably has a maximum width of 1.5 m, so that the forestry machine can be transported to the worksite on a car trailer. The forestry machine is inexpensive to purchase and enables the economical management of small forest plots. The crawler chassis, in combination with the low weight, enables a surface pressure and ground pressure in the range of 0.2 kg / cm <2> can be achieved.

[0048] Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the embodiment shown in the schematic figures.Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a mobile forestry machine according to the invention, Figure 2 shows a plan view of the forestry machine according to the invention, Figure 3 shows a side view of the forestry machine according to the invention, Figure 4 shows a front view of the forestry machine according to the invention, Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the mobile forestry machine according to the invention with representations of components, Figure 6 shows a representation according to Figure 5 with representations of further components, Figure 7 shows a cross-section of the forestry machine in the area of ​​the winch tower, Figure 8 shows a representation of the forestry machine according to the invention with an illustration of the structure of the cable winch and the winch tower, Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the mobile forestry machine according to the invention in Figure 5 with an illustration of the cooling air flow and Figure 10 shows a perspective view of the mobile forestry machine according to the invention with an illustration of a cable guide to the front.

[0049] Figure 1 shows a mobile forestry machine 1 according to the invention in a perspective view.

[0050] The mobile forestry machine 1 comprises a chassis 2 formed by two crawler tracks 2a, 2b, each driven by an electric drive motor not shown in detail.

[0051] The mobile forestry machine 1 has - as can be seen in more detail in connection with Figures 2 to 10 - an electric drive system comprising at least one electric traction motor and / or an electric motor 21 driving a cable winch 4. A fuel cell unit 3 is provided as the primary energy source of the electric drive system, supplying the at least one traction motor and / or the electric motor 21 driving the cable winch 4 with electrical energy.

[0052] As can be seen in more detail in connection with Figures 2 to 10, the mobile forestry machine 1 has the fuel cell unit 3 serving as the primary energy source of the electric drive system, the cable winch 4, a stanchion 5 and an adjustable ramp plate 6 which is adjustable about a horizontal transverse vehicle axis 7. The forestry machine 1 does not have a driver's workplace for an operator and can be operated by an operator using a remote control (not shown in more detail). In the forestry machine 1 according to the invention, the fuel cell unit 3 is arranged at the front, as seen in the vehicle's longitudinal direction L, the cable winch 4 is adjacent to the fuel cell unit 3, the stanchion 5 is adjacent to the cable winch 4, and the adjustable ramp plate 7 is arranged at the rear of the vehicle. The cable winch 4 is thus arranged between the stanchion 5 and the fuel cell unit 3, as seen in the vehicle's longitudinal direction L.

[0053] As can be seen from Figure 5, the fuel cell unit 3 is arranged in an energy chamber 11, in which at least one hydraulic pump 10 of a hydraulic system of the forestry machine 1 is also arranged, driven by an electric motor 100. The electric motor 100 driving the hydraulic pump 10 is also supplied with electrical energy by the fuel cell unit 3.

[0054] In the illustrated embodiment, the fuel cell unit 3 comprises a fuel cell 151, for example, a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, a buffer battery 150, and a fuel tank 51, for example, a hydrogen tank. The buffer battery 150 is charged by the fuel cell 151 during operation of the forestry machine 1 and serves to cover power peaks of the consumers during dynamic processes.

[0055] The fuel cell unit 3 is preferably arranged centrally in the vehicle transverse direction Q of the forestry machine 1, so that the fuel cell unit 3 is arranged substantially symmetrically to a vehicle longitudinal center axis in order to obtain a favorable center of gravity of the forestry machine 1. The hydraulic pump 10 with the electric motor 100 is arranged laterally next to the fuel cell unit 3 in the region of an outer side of the vehicle and is preferably arranged with the longitudinal axis LA in the vehicle longitudinal direction parallel to the vehicle longitudinal center axis, so that the hydraulic pump 10 with the electric motor 100 can be arranged next to the fuel cell unit 3 in the energy space 11 in a space-saving manner.

[0056] As can be seen from Figure 5, the buffer battery 150 is preferably arranged at the bottom of the energy compartment 11, and the fuel cell 151 is arranged vertically above the buffer battery 150. Since the buffer battery 150 is heavier than the fuel cell 151, a favorable low center of gravity of the forestry machine 1 can be achieved.

[0057] The fuel cell unit 3 and the hydraulic pump 10 driven by the electric motor 100 are arranged in the preferably closed energy chamber 11, which is provided with insulation (thermal insulation and / or sound insulation). The energy chamber 11 thus forms a fuel cell pump compartment. The warm and noisy space around the fuel cell unit 3, in which the hydraulic pump 10 driven by the electric motor 100 is arranged, is combined with the insulated energy chamber 11 to form a compact noise and heat insulation box.

[0058] The fuel cell unit 3, the cable winch 4, and the stake 5 are arranged vertically above a base plate 12. A subfloor 13 is arranged below the base plate 12—as shown in more detail in Figures 4 and 7—with a gap 14 formed between the base plate 12 and the subfloor 13. The base plate 12 thus separates an upper carriage OW from an undercarriage UW of the forestry machine 1. The undercarriage 2 with the electric drive motors is arranged in the undercarriage UW.

[0059] The cable winch 5 has - as shown in more detail in Figures 6 to 8 - a winch tower 15 arranged centrally in the vehicle transverse direction Q, which has force-transmitting struts 16 that are connected to the chassis 2. The winch tower 15 consists of two vertical support plates 15a, 15b that run in the vehicle's longitudinal direction and are spaced apart from each other in the vehicle's transverse direction, which are connected to the floor panel 12. The struts 16 are designed as vertically arranged support plates that run in the vehicle's transverse direction Q and simultaneously form bulkheads between the floor panel 12 and the underbody 13 and connect the floor panel 12 to the underbody 13. A rotatable cable drum 20 and the electric motor 21 that drives the cable winch are arranged on the winch tower 15.

[0060] The two support plates 15a, 15b are connected at the upper end to a cross strut 23, in which a cable outlet 24 is arranged for a cable S of the cable winch 4 located on the cable drum 20. The cable S is guided from the cable drum 20 to the cable outlet 24 without a deflection pulley.

[0061] On the side of the winch tower 4 facing the stanchion 5, a vertical partition 26 is arranged, extending in the vehicle's transverse direction Q. The partition 26 separates a front half from a rear half of the forestry machine 1. The partition 26 extends across the entire vehicle width.

[0062] In the vehicle transverse direction Q on a first side of the winch tower 15, a hydraulic chamber 35 is formed (Figure 2), in which - as shown in Figures 5 and 7 - one or more of the following components of the hydraulic system of the forestry machine 1 are installed: • oil tank 36 • oil filter 37 • at least one hydraulic valve 38.

[0063] Furthermore, at least one power module 115 for the at least one electric traction motor and / or a line module 116 for the electric motor 21 driving the cable winch 4 are installed in the hydraulic chamber 35. In the embodiment of Figures 5 and 7, a line module 116 for the electric motor 21 driving the cable winch 4 is installed in the hydraulic chamber 35.

[0064] The hydraulic valves 38 are used to control hydraulic linear drives of the hydraulic system of the forestry machine, for example hydraulic cylinders for actuating the ramp plate 6. The hydraulic system of the forestry machine 1 can also include auxiliary consumers, for example a brake release device, and / or attachments, which are controlled by means of the hydraulic valves 38.

[0065] The hydraulic chamber 35 thus forms a hydraulic compartment in which components of the hydraulic system of the forestry machine 1 and the power modules 115 and / or 116 of the electrical rotary consumers (drive motor; electric motor 21 of the cable drum 20) are combined and arranged.

[0066] In the vehicle transverse direction Q on a second side of the winch tower 15, a service space 50 is formed (Figure 2), in which - as shown in Figures 6 and 7 - one or more of the following components of the forestry machine 1 are installed: • the fuel tank 51 of the fuel cell unit 3 • a fresh air filter 53 of the fuel cell unit 3 • a charger 120 for charging the buffer battery 150 • a battery disconnect switch 121.

[0067] The electric motor 21 driving the cable drum 20 is also arranged in the service room 50.

[0068] The service room 50 thus forms a service compartment in which those components of the forestry machine 1 which require cyclical inspection or regular accessibility are arranged, namely the fresh air filter 53 of the fuel cell unit 3, the fuel tank 51 of the fuel cell unit 3, the battery disconnect switch 121 and the charger 120.

[0069] In the vehicle transverse direction Q on one side of the energy compartment 11, an electronics compartment 55 is formed (Figure 2), in which - as shown in Figure 6 - one or more of the following components of an electrical system of the forestry machine 1 are installed: • an electronic vehicle control 56 of the forestry machine • an electronic control 57 of the fuel cell unit 3 • a remote control of the forestry machine with charger and a receiver 58 of the remote control • at least one socket 59.

[0070] The electronics compartment 55 thus forms an electronics compartment which is particularly protected against moisture and water, so that the electronics compartment 55 forms a protected, dry, moderately temperate and low-vibration space in which the said electrical or electronic components can be safely installed.

[0071] A storage space 42 is formed vertically above or below the electronics compartment 55, in the illustrated embodiment below the electronics compartment 55, as shown in Figures 4-6. The storage space 42 forms a protected storage compartment and is used to store utensils that must be carried for the operation of the forestry machine 1, for example a mobile phone, notebook, file folder, and navigation device. In the illustrated embodiment, the storage space 42 is arranged vertically below, and the electronics compartment 55 is above the storage space 42. Alternatively, the storage space 42 and the electronics compartment 55 can be interchanged in terms of their arrangement, so that the electronics compartment 55 is arranged vertically below, and the storage space 42 is arranged above the electronics compartment 55.

[0072] In the vertical direction above the fuel cell unit 3 and the hydraulic pump 10 driven by the electric motor 100 and thus above the energy chamber 11, one or more of the following components (Figure 5) are arranged in a cooler chamber 45 (Figures 3 and 4): • a cooler device 47 of the hydraulic system • at least one power module 115 for the at least one electric drive motor and / or a line module 116 for the electric motor 100 driving the cable winch 4

[0073] According to Figure 5, the cooling device 47 of the hydraulic system and at least one line module 115 for the at least one electric traction motor are installed in the cooling chamber 45. In the illustrated embodiment of Figure 5, two power modules 115 are provided for two electric traction motors. In Figure 5, the cooling device 47 of the hydraulic system is preferably arranged laterally next to one of the two power modules 115.

[0074] The cooling device 47 may be provided with a driven fan which generates a cooling air flow.

[0075] The cooling chamber 45 thus forms a cooling compartment in which the power modules 115 and 116, respectively, and the cooling device 47 are arranged. The power modules 115 and 116, respectively, and the cooling device 47 are preferably attached to the winch tower 15.

[0076] The cooling device 47 is preferably arranged such that it has an air outlet for a cooling air flow directed vertically upwards. The cooling chamber 45 is preferably open at the top and has no lid. The cooling device 47 thus allows air and heat to be dissipated upwards.

[0077] Adjacent to the cooler compartment 45, a storage compartment (not shown in detail) can be provided, which can be heated by the waste heat from the hydraulic system's cooler device 47. The storage compartment preferably has a lid through which the storage compartment is accessible from the outside and is intended for carrying, heating, and keeping food and beverages, such as tea or coffee, and / or for carrying, drying, and keeping clothing, such as gloves, warm. An additional electric heater can be provided for the storage compartment.

[0078] Connections for electrical connecting lines 39, 40 are provided on the power modules 115, 116, which lead to the electrical rotary consumers (drive motor, electric motor 21 of the cable drum 20). Connections for hydraulic lines 39b are provided on the hydraulic valves 38, which lead to the hydraulic consumers (hydraulic cylinders for actuating the ramp shield 6).

[0079] The electrical connecting lines 39, 40 and the hydraulic lines 39b, which are led from the hydraulic chamber 35 to the corresponding consumers, are - as shown in Figure 7 - laid in a protected manner in the intermediate space 14 between the base plate 12 and the underbody 13. The struts 16 designed as bulkheads and further bulkheads 16 between the base plate 12 and the underbody 13 can be provided with corresponding recesses 41 for this purpose, through which the electrical connecting lines 39, 40 and the hydraulic lines 39b are laid. Furthermore, hydraulic lines connecting the hydraulic pump 10 in the energy chamber 11 to the oil tank 36 and the hydraulic valves 38, as well as electrical connecting lines connecting the fuel cell unit 3 to the power modules 115, 116, can be laid in the intermediate space 14.

[0080] The electrical connecting lines 39, 40 and the hydraulic lines 39a are thus laid underground. The lines 39, 39a, 40 are laid in the space 14 between the floor plate 12 and the underbody 13 from the hydraulic chamber 35 to the corresponding consumers (electric motor 21 of the cable drum 20, traction motor, hydraulic cylinder of the ramp shield 6) protected from damage and direct water exposure and routed through corresponding recesses 41 in the struts 16 and other bulkheads.

[0081] Intake openings (not shown in detail) for a cooling air flow leading to the power modules 115, 116 and the cooling device 47 of the hydraulic system are arranged in the vertical partition 26, which is shown by the arrows in Figure 9. The intake openings are preferably arranged in the vehicle transverse direction Q in the central region of the partition 26, in which the winch tower 15 is also arranged, or in the region of the hydraulic chamber 35. The fresh air supply thus takes place through the partition 26, with the cooling air flow from the intake openings in the partition 5 first into the hydraulic chamber 35, then into the energy chamber 11 and then up into the chamber 45.

[0082] In Figure 9, the cooling air flow of the forestry machine 1 according to the invention is shown by the arrows. The fresh air supply is provided through the partition wall 26, with the cooling air flow from the intake openings in the partition wall 5 first flowing into the hydraulic chamber 35, in which the power module 116 is also located, then into the energy chamber 11, in which the electric motor 110 with the hydraulic pump 10 is also located, and then up into the chamber 45, in which the power modules 115 and the cooling device 47 of the hydraulic system, equipped with a fan, are located. The cooling air flow is thus guided past the three power modules 115, 116, past the electric motor 110 with the hydraulic pump 10, and past the cooling device 47 of the hydraulic system.

[0083] The cooling air flow of Figure 9 allows cool supply air to be drawn in from a zone in front of the stanchion 5 that is as dust-free as possible, and the warm exhaust air, along with the noise, can flow upwards via the cooler devices 47 without causing a thermal short circuit between the cool supply air flow and the warm exhaust air flow. Furthermore, such a cooling air flow ensures that the temperature-sensitive power modules 115, 116 of the rotary electrical consumers are cooled first by the cooling air flow, and the cooling air flow only flows further downstream of the power modules 115, 116 to the less sensitive components and the cooler device 47.

[0084] Via the cable outlet 24, the cable S of the cable drum 20 - as shown in Figure 1 - can be guided rearward to the rear of the vehicle via a cable deflection pulley 60 in order to pull one or more tree trunks over the ramp plate 6 onto the stanchion 5. The cable deflection pulley 60 can be designed as a passively rotating deflection pulley or as an actively driven deflection pulley, i.e., as an ejector pulley. A tree trunk placed on the stanchion 5 increases the traction of the forestry machine 1, so that despite the low dead weight of the forestry machine 1, a high pulling power can be achieved when transporting logs.

[0085] To alternatively enable the cable S of the cable drum 20 to be guided forward to the front of the vehicle, as shown in Figure 10, a further cable deflection pulley 61 is provided and a cable guide 62 with a guide rail 63 for the cable S of the cable winch 4 is provided. The cable deflection pulley 61 is arranged in the lower region of the partition wall 26. The cable guide 62 with the guide rail 63 extends from the partition wall 26 under the winch tower 16 and the energy chamber 11 to the front end of the forestry machine 1, where the guide rail 63 has an outlet opening 64 for the cable S at the front of the vehicle.

[0086] The stanchion 5 is preferably mounted so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis V, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. The rotatable stanchion 5 can advantageously be lockable in one or more positions by means of a locking device. Furthermore, it is possible to make the stanchion 5 removable. When the stanchion 5 is removed, the rear half of the vehicle, which extends from the partition wall 26 to the rear of the vehicle, forms a load-carrying section, which is designed as a body space and on which, instead of tree trunks, other heavy goods can be transported, for example, fences, water containers, building materials, or agricultural goods. In conjunction with the forward cable guide, in which the cable S is guided out at the outlet opening 64 at the front of the vehicle, the forestry machine 1 can drive up a hill with the goods carried on the body space using the drive motors and be pulled up the hill using the cable winch 4.

[0087] In the vehicle longitudinal direction L between the stanchion 5 and the ramp plate 6, a transverse stiffener 65 is also arranged on the upper side of the base plate 12, which is shown in more detail in Figures 2, 3, 5 and 9.

[0088] In the vehicle's longitudinal direction L, between the energy compartment 11 or the cooling compartment 45 and the cable outlet 24 on the winch tower 15, a storage trough 70 is formed, which extends in the vehicle's transverse direction Q and is preferably open at the top. In the illustrated embodiment, the storage trough 70 has a V-shaped cross-section. The upwardly open storage trough 70 forms a container that allows for the transport of larger tools, for example, felling tools, axes, splitting mauls, chains, a chainsaw, or a fire extinguisher.

[0089] In the forestry machine 1 according to the invention, the front half of the vehicle, which extends from the front of the vehicle to the partition wall 26, forms a drive section, in the front half of which is arranged the energy chamber 11 with the fuel cell unit 3 arranged therein and the hydraulic pump 10 of the hydraulic system driven by the electric motor 100, and in the rear half of which the power distribution takes place with the cable winch 4 and the power modules 115, 116 as well as the hydraulic valves 38. In the front half of the drive section, separate heat and sound insulation is provided for the fuel cell unit 3, electric motor 100, and hydraulic pump 10 arranged in the energy chamber 11. Furthermore, the hydraulic chamber 35 and the service chamber 50 can be arranged in an easily accessible manner in the rear half of the drive section.In the forestry machine 1 according to the invention, the rear half of the vehicle, which extends from the partition wall 26 to the rear of the vehicle, forms a load-bearing part which is provided with the stanchion 5, the transverse reinforcement 65 and the adjustable ramp shield 6.

[0090] The rear half of the vehicle thus forms a stanchion compartment, which consists of the partition wall 26 behind the winch tower 15, the floor plate 12, the stanchion 5, the fixed transverse stiffener 65 and the adjustable ramp plate 6 and serves to carry the load.

[0091] The horizontal floor plate 12 and the underbody 13 provide stiffening by means of the bulkheads 16 and a protected intermediate space 14 as an installation space for the electrical connecting lines 39, 40 and the hydraulic lines 39a.

[0092] The force-transmitting winch tower 15 with the struts 16 is arranged in the center of the vehicle, thereby achieving a favorable force flow. The force-transmitting components, including the winch tower 15 and the struts 16, are thus concentrated in the center of the vehicle in the longitudinal direction.

[0093] The forestry machine 1 according to the invention is provided with an outer cover 75 (Figure 1), which serves as an overall cover and sound insulation for the front half of the vehicle. The cover 75 defines the front of the vehicle and extends along both outer sides of the vehicle to the partition wall 26. To protect the cover 75 from direct force transmission and mechanical damage, a protective frame 76 made of tubular material is provided for the cover 75.

[0094] A mounting interface for a trailer coupling can also be mounted on the front and rear of the vehicle. Figure 1 shows such a mounting interface 80 on the front of the vehicle.

[0095] The energy room 11, the hydraulic room 35, the service room 50, the electronics room 55 and the storage room 42 are preferably designed as enclosed rooms, which are each bounded on all six sides by corresponding walls and are thus separated from adjacent rooms by corresponding walls.

Claims

1. A mobile forestry machine (1) provided with a chassis (2), a primary energy source, a cable winch (4), a stanchion (5), and an adjustable ramp shield (6), the forestry machine (1) not having a driver's workstation for an operator, characterized in that the mobile forestry machine has an electric drive system having at least one electric traction motor and / or an electric motor (21) driving the cable winch (4), and in which a fuel cell unit (3) supplying electrical energy to the at least one traction motor and / or the electric motor (21) driving the cable winch (4) is provided as the primary energy source, the fuel cell unit (3) being arranged at the front, the cable winch (4) being arranged adjacent to the fuel cell unit (3), the stanchion (5) being arranged adjacent to the cable winch (4), and the adjustable ramp shield (6) being arranged at the rear of the vehicle, as seen in the vehicle's longitudinal direction (L).

2. Mobile forestry machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel cell unit (3) comprises a fuel cell (151), a fuel tank (51) and a buffer battery (150).

3. Mobile forestry machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fuel cell unit (3) is arranged in an energy space (11), in particular a closed energy space, in which at least one hydraulic pump (10) of a hydraulic system of the forestry machine (1) driven by an electric motor (100) is also arranged, wherein the electric motor (100) driving the hydraulic pump (10) is supplied with electrical energy by the fuel cell unit (3).

4. Mobile forestry machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the fuel cell (151) is arranged vertically above the buffer battery (150).

5. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fuel cell unit (3), the cable winch (4) and the stanchion (5) are arranged in the vertical direction above a base plate (12) and a subfloor (13) is arranged below the base plate (12), wherein an intermediate space (14) is formed between the base plate (12) and the subfloor (13).

6. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cable winch (4) has a winch tower (15) arranged centrally in the vehicle transverse direction (Q), which has force-conducting struts (16) which are connected to the chassis (2).

7. Mobile forestry machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the struts (16) are designed as bulkheads which connect the base plate (12) to the underbody (13).

8. Mobile forestry machine according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the winch tower (15) has a cable outlet (24) for a cable (S) of the cable winch (4) on the upper side.

9. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the forestry machine (1) has a vertical partition wall (26) running in the transverse direction (Q) of the vehicle on the side of the winch tower (15) facing the stanchion (5).

10. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that in the vehicle transverse direction (Q) on a first side of the winch tower (15) a hydraulic chamber (35) is formed, in which at least one power module (115) for the at least one electric drive motor and / or a line module (116) for the electric motor (21) driving the cable winch (4) is installed and one or more of the following components of the hydraulic system of the forestry machine (1) are installed: • Oil tank (36) • Oil filter (37) • At least one hydraulic valve (38) 11. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that in the vehicle transverse direction (Q) on a second side of the winch tower (15) a service space (50) is formed, in which one or more of the following components of the forestry machine are installed: • the fuel tank (51) of the fuel cell unit (3) • a fresh air filter (53) of the fuel cell unit (110) • a charger (120) for charging the buffer battery (150) • a battery disconnect switch (121) 12. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that in the vehicle transverse direction (Q) on one side of the energy compartment (11) an electronics compartment (55) is formed, in which one or more of the following components of an electrical system of the forestry machine (1) are installed: • an electronic vehicle control (56) of the forestry machine (1) • an electronic control (57) of the fuel cell unit (3) • a remote control of the forestry machine with charger and a receiver (58) of the remote control • at least one socket (59) 13. Mobile forestry machine according to claim 12, characterized in that a storage space (42) is formed in the vertical direction above or below the electronics space (55).

14. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that one or more of the following components are arranged in the vertical direction above the fuel cell unit (3): • a cooling device (47) of the hydraulic system • at least one power module (115) for the at least one electric drive motor and / or a line module (116) for the electric motor (100) driving the cable winch (4) 15. Mobile forestry machine according to claim 14, characterized in that the cooling device (47) of the hydraulic system is arranged with an air outlet of a cooling air flow vertically upwards.

16. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 5 to 15, characterized in that in the intermediate space (14) between the base plate (12) and the underbody (13) electrical connecting cables (39, 40) are laid, which connect the at least one electric drive motor and / or the electric motor (21) driving the cable winch (4) to the power module (115; 116).

17. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that intake openings for a cooling air flow leading to the cooling device (47) of the hydraulic system are arranged in the vertical partition wall (26).

18. Mobile forestry machine according to claim 17, characterized in that the power modules (115; 116) are arranged in the cooling air flow upstream of the cooling device (47).

19. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that a cable deflection roller (61) and a cable guide (62) with a guide rail (63) for the cable (S) of the cable winch (4) are provided, wherein the guide rail (63) has an outlet opening (64) for the cable (S) at the front of the vehicle.

20. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the stanchion (5) is mounted rotatably about a vertical axis (V).

21. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 5 to 20, characterized in that a transverse stiffener (65) is arranged in the vehicle longitudinal direction (L) between the stanchion (5) and the ramp plate (6) on the base plate (12).

22. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 3 to 21, characterized in that in the vehicle longitudinal direction (L) between the energy space (11) and the cable outlet (24) on the winch tower (15) a storage trough (70) extending in the vehicle transverse direction (Q) is formed, which is preferably open at the top.

23. Mobile forestry machine according to one of claims 3 to 22, characterized in that an outer covering hood (75) is provided which delimits the energy space (11) at the front of the vehicle and extends on the two outer sides of the vehicle up to the partition wall (26).

24. Mobile forestry machine according to claim 23, characterized in that a protective frame (76) consisting of tubes is provided for the cover (70).