A threshing machine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a threshing machine for carrying out grain threshing work. It is composed of a fuselage, a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a shredding mechanism, a screening and grain discharging mechanism, a bran discharging mechanism and a steering and moving mechanism; wherein the fuselage is composed of a frame (1) and a threshing bin (4), the transmission mechanism is arranged on the frame (1) of the fuselage, the feeding mechanism is arranged on the threshing bin (4), the shredding mechanism is installed in the threshing bin (4), the screening and grain discharging mechanism is installed on the frame (1) below the threshing bin (4), the bran discharging mechanism is arranged on one side of the threshing bin (4), and the steering and moving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the frame (4); the present invention is designed for crops in high-altitude areas, increases the accommodation space for grains, makes the movement of grains more smooth during crushing, reduces the probability of grain blockage, improves the threshing efficiency, and the design of the solid structure of the eccentric wheel reduces the vibration of the eccentric wheel, improves the working stability of the threshing machine, and improves the service life of the threshing machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a threshing machine for carrying out grain threshing work. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology and the advancement of modern agriculture, from the previous extensive small-scale household farming to the current large-scale integrated sowing and harvesting, agricultural machinery plays an increasingly important role in agricultural operations. As the most important machinery in the crop harvesting process, threshing machines are being accepted and used by more and more agricultural workers. The quality of threshing directly affects the crop yield. Especially in high-altitude areas, the crop maturity period is long, the sunshine time is insufficient, and the length of crop straw is longer than that of crops in low-altitude areas. When using threshing machines in low-altitude areas for threshing work, the straw is easily blocked in the threshing bin. And in some areas, crops must be harvested before they are fully mature, otherwise they will be affected by frost. Therefore, the crop straw harvested in advance has a high water content, and when carrying out threshing and pulverizing work, the straw cannot be completely pulverized, easily blocked in the threshing bin. And due to incomplete pulverization, the grains will be discharged together with the straw, resulting in waste of grains, reduction of yield, and economic losses to farmers.

[0003] Traditional threshing machines are only designed for grains in low-altitude areas. There are 3 - 5 spiral guide bars in the threshing bin, and the moving space of grains in the threshing bin is narrow. In other structures, there is no special design for grains in high-altitude areas, and they cannot adapt to grains in high-altitude areas. And traditional threshing machines have large vibrations, low threshing efficiency, and connecting parts are easily damaged during operation, and the damaged connecting parts are not easy to replace. Due to different geographical environments, traditional threshing machines cannot work effectively in plateau areas, and have high failure rates and poor maintainability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a threshing machine with high efficiency and high reliability that can be applied to crop threshing work in high-altitude areas.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A threshing machine is composed of a fuselage, a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a shredding mechanism, a screening and grain discharging mechanism, a bran discharging mechanism, and a steering and moving mechanism.

[0007] The fuselage is composed of a frame 1 and a threshing bin 4. The transmission mechanism is arranged on the frame 1 of the fuselage, the feeding mechanism is arranged on the threshing bin 4, the shredding mechanism is installed in the threshing bin 4, the screening and grain discharging mechanism is installed on the frame 1 below the threshing bin 4, the bran discharging mechanism is arranged on one side of the threshing bin 4, and the steering and moving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the frame 1.

[0008] It is characterized in that: an eccentric wheel seat 17 is fixedly arranged below the frame 1 near the steering and moving mechanism, the eccentric wheel 16 is movably installed on the eccentric wheel seat 17, half of the eccentric wheel 16 is solid, and the other half is provided with two independent cavities, a connecting hole 16-1 is arranged between the two cavities, and after the connecting hole 16-1 is movably connected with the connecting rod 23 through a pin, it is connected with the grain discharging hopper 22.

[0009] A threshing chamber cover 5 is arranged on the threshing chamber 4, and a plurality of spiral guide strips 44 are arranged on the inner wall of the threshing chamber cover 5.

[0010] One side of the threshing chamber 4 is provided with a feed hopper 30, a feed inlet 6 is arranged outside the feed hopper 30, the upper part of the feed hopper 30 is connected with the feed inlet 6 through a feed hopper bolt 11, and a safety rod is arranged on one side of the feed hopper bolt 11.

[0011] A second feed inlet 7 is arranged on the threshing chamber 4 on the same side as the feed hopper 30, a second feed inlet chamber door 13 is arranged outside the second feed inlet 7, the lower part of the second feed inlet chamber door 13 is movably connected with the second feed inlet 7 through a second feed inlet bolt 12, and a locking mechanism is arranged on the second feed inlet chamber door 13.

[0012] The shredding mechanism is composed of a wheel roller 38, a shredding tooth fixing frame 39, a feed inlet shredding tooth 40 and a discharge outlet shredding tooth 41;

[0013] The shredding tooth fixing frame 39 is fixedly arranged on the wheel roller 38, the feed inlet shredding tooth 40 and the discharge outlet shredding tooth 41 are fixedly arranged on the shredding tooth fixing frame 39, a main shaft hole 38-! is arranged on the wheel roller 38, the main shaft 3 passes through the main shaft hole 38-1, an inclined tooth 40-1 is arranged on the feed inlet shredding tooth 40, and the radial angle between the inclined tooth 40-1 and the wheel roller 38 is 10°-30°, and the inclination directions of the inclined teeth 40-1 of adjacent rows of feed inlet shredding teeth 40 are opposite.

[0014] The length of the discharge outlet shredding tooth 41 is longer than the length of the feed inlet shredding tooth 40.

[0015] The distance between the tooth end of the discharge outlet shredding tooth 41 and the arc-shaped screen 42 is greater than 20mm.

[0016] The transmission mechanism is composed of a belt pulley 2 and a main shaft 3;

[0017] The belt pulley 2 is arranged at one end of the main shaft 3, the belt pulley 2 is composed of a high-speed wheel 2-1 and a low-speed wheel 2-2, and the diameter of the high-speed wheel 2-1 is larger than the diameter of the low-speed wheel 2-2.

[0018] The chaff discharging mechanism is composed of a straw discharging port 34, a chaff discharging bin 8, a vane wheel 9, a chaff suction port 10, a chaff discharging port 35, a chaff discharging port baffle 36;

[0019] The straw discharge opening 34 is arranged below the opposite side of the feed hopper 30 on the threshing bin 4. The chaff discharge bin 8 is installed on the frame 1. The impeller 9 is installed in the chaff discharge bin 8. A chaff suction opening 10 is arranged below the impeller 9. A chaff discharge opening 35 is arranged on the same side of the chaff discharge bin 8 as the straw discharge opening 34. A chaff discharge opening baffle 36 is arranged at the end of the chaff discharge opening 35. The chaff discharge opening baffle 36 is movably connected to the chaff discharge opening 35.

[0020] An impeller 43 is arranged inside the impeller 9. The impeller 43 is composed of an impeller bottom plate 43-1 and a plurality of blades 43-2.

[0021] A plurality of blades 43-2 are radially and fixedly arranged on the impeller bottom plate 43-1. The ends of the blades 43-2 of the impeller 43 are inclined. The inclination directions of each blade 43-2 are the same.

[0022] The screening and grain discharging mechanism is composed of a grain discharging hopper 22, a grain screening hopper 26 and a secondary sieve mesh 37.

[0023] The grain discharging hopper 22 is installed on the frame 1. The grain discharging hopper 22 is movably connected to one end of the connecting rod 23. A grain screening hopper 26 is arranged at one end of the grain discharging hopper 22 close to the chaff suction opening 10. A secondary sieve mesh 37 is arranged at the bottom of the grain screening hopper 26. The secondary sieve mesh 37 is movably connected to the grain screening hopper 26.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] (1) There are 2-3 spiral guiding strips arranged on the inner wall of the threshing machine cover, and the height of the spiral guiding strips is increased. Compared with the traditional design of 3-5 spiral guiding strips, the accommodation space for the grain can be increased, making the movement of the grain more smooth during crushing, reducing the probability of grain blockage, and improving the threshing efficiency.

[0026] (2) A lock structure is arranged on one side of the threshing machine cover and is locked with a lock when the threshing machine cover is closed, improving the sealing performance of the threshing machine cover, preventing the threshing machine cover from being abnormally opened due to frequent shaking, and improving the safety during the threshing operation.

[0027] (3) A threshing machine cover handle is arranged on one side of the threshing machine cover, which is convenient for the operator to open the threshing machine cover for inspection and maintenance.

[0028] (4) The feed hopper and the feed inlet are connected by a bolt, and a safety rod is arranged to prevent the feed hopper from falling out of the feed inlet due to severe shaking during the threshing operation, improving the safety of the threshing operation. When the feed hopper is in transportation, it can be reversely and vertically hung on the machine body through the bolt structure designed on the feed hopper, reducing the volume of the entire threshing machine during transportation, preventing the feed hopper from occupying extra transportation space, and improving the convenience of transporting the threshing machine.

[0029] (5) A second feed inlet is provided on the fuselage, which can take out the incompletely crushed grain from the secondary sieve and then re-feed it into the threshing chamber through the second feed inlet. Compared with the traditional design of directly feeding from the feed inlet, the feeding safety is improved, and the risk of harm to operators caused by feeding is prevented.

[0030] (6) Helical teeth are provided on the feed inlet shredding teeth. The helical teeth and the radial direction of the roller are arranged at an angle, so that the stress area of a single tooth of the feed inlet shredding teeth is larger, improving the feeding efficiency, increasing the force for crushing the grain, making the grain crushing more thorough. For the characteristic that the grain straw in high-altitude areas is relatively wet, the passability of the grain can be improved, the possibility of grain blockage can be reduced, and the threshing efficiency can be increased.

[0031] (7) The length of the discharge port shredding teeth is longer than that of the feed inlet shredding teeth. The discharge speed of the grain is greater than the feeding speed, so that the grain will not accumulate in the threshing chamber, preventing the grain from clogging in the threshing chamber and improving the threshing efficiency.

[0032] (8) A high-speed wheel and a low-speed wheel are provided on the pulley. Different-diameter pulleys can be selected according to different threshing conditions, improving the adaptability of the thresher. The rotation speed of the eccentric wheel of the thresher can be controlled by selecting different-diameter pulleys, thereby controlling the vibration frequency of the secondary sieve, coarsely screening and finely screening the crushed grain, improving the screening quality, and reducing the waste of grains.

[0033] (9) One half of the eccentric wheel is set as a solid structure, and the other half is provided with two independent cavities. The connecting rod is connected between the two cavities. The mass of the half of the eccentric wheel where the solid structure is located is greater than the mass of the half with two cavities. The end with the cavity bears the load of the screening and grain discharging mechanism. When the eccentric wheel rotates, the momentum of the solid structure end cancels out the momentum of the load at the end with the cavity, reducing the vibration of the eccentric wheel, improving the working stability of the thresher, and increasing the service life of the eccentric wheel and other structures connected to it.

[0034] (10) An inner diameter change sleeve is provided in the connecting head of the connecting rod. By installing the inner diameter change sleeve, the inner diameter of the connecting head of the connecting rod can be changed. After the inner diameter is changed, standard pins with a diameter of 12 mm - 14 mm can be directly installed. This part is the area where the thresher bears the greatest force and shakes most frequently, and is most likely to be damaged. After damage, users can directly purchase standard pins for replacement without purchasing processed parts from the manufacturer, improving the maintainability of the thresher and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0035] (11) The angle of the chaff discharge port baffle can be adjusted. When the discharged chaff accumulates to a certain height, the angle of the chaff discharge port baffle can be changed to make the chaff continue to accumulate in an open area, preventing the discharged chaff from accumulating near the chaff discharge port, avoiding frequent cleaning of the chaff by operators, reducing the labor intensity, and improving the work efficiency.

[0036] (12) The auxiliary sieve is designed to be detachable and replaceable, and different-aperture sieves can be replaced according to different raw materials to be separated, improving the adaptability of the thresher and achieving the purpose of multi-purpose use of one machine.

[0037] (13) The blades of the impeller are designed in an "L" shape, with one end inclined, which can increase the air volume of the impeller, improve the bran suction efficiency, enhance the screening quality, and make the screened grains cleaner and with less impurities.

[0038] (14) A number of weight-reducing holes are provided on the roller, which can reduce the weight of the roller, lower the transmission load of the thresher, and at the same time reduce the production cost.

[0039] (15) An arc-shaped sieve is arranged inside the threshing machine bin. Designing the sieve into an arc shape can increase the area of the sieve, improve the screening speed, thereby improving the threshing efficiency. And after the screening area increases, grains can fall below the sieve as much as possible within the limited screening time, reducing the waste of grains.

[0040] (16) This invention does not design a fixed power device, such as a motor or an internal combustion engine. When in use, different power devices can be connected according to different usage environments. In places where power equipment is convenient, an electric motor can be used to provide power. In the field where there is no power equipment in the field, a small internal combustion engine or the engine on an agricultural machine can be used as the power device. It has strong adaptability and is suitable for fixed-site operations and field operations in the field. For the convenience of transportation, the thresher can also be placed in the carriage of an agricultural motor vehicle, and the engine under the carriage of the agricultural motor vehicle can be used as the power device for operation. After the operation is completed, it can be directly transported to the next location for operation, improving the operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is the front view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is the side view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 It is the top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the mounting of the feed hopper of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 It is the connection schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 It is the schematic diagram of the structure of the threshing bin cover of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the eccentric wheel structure of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the eccentric wheel seat structure of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the belt pulley structure of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the crushing teeth structure at the feeding port of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the threshing chamber of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 13 Top view of the inner diameter change sleeve of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 14 Front view of the inner diameter change sleeve of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the connection between the inner diameter change sleeve and the connecting rod of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 16 Front view of the impeller structure of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 17 Side view of the impeller structure of the present invention.

[0058] Among them, 1 is the frame, 2 is the pulley, 2-1 is the high-speed pulley, 2-2 is the low-speed pulley, 3 is the main shaft, 4 is the threshing bin, 5 is the threshing bin cover, 6 is the feed inlet, 7 is the second feed inlet, 8 is the bran discharge bin, 9 is the impeller, 10 is the bran suction port, 11 is the feed hopper bolt, 12 is the second feed inlet bolt, 13 is the second feed inlet bin door, 14 is the threshing bin cover handle, 15 is the threshing bin cover lock, 16 is the eccentric wheel, 16-1 is the connection hole, 17 is the eccentric wheel seat, 17-1 is the fixed screw thread, 17-2 is the positioning hole, 17-3 is the oil seal, 18 is the eccentric wheel frame, 19 is the pull rod, 20 is the bogie, 21 is the steering wheel, 22 is the grain discharge hopper, 23 is the connecting rod, 23-1 is the inner diameter change sleeve, 23-2 is the connection head, 23-1-1 is the pin hole, 24 is the connecting rod fixed seat, 25 is the slide rail, 26 is the grain screening hopper, 27 is the baffle, 28 is the grain outlet, 29 is the roller, 30 is the feed hopper, 31 is the inspection window, 32 is the inspection window drawplate, 33 is the threshing bin cover rotating shaft, 34 is the straw discharge port, 35 is the bran discharge port, 36 is the bran discharge port baffle, 37 is the auxiliary sieve mesh, 38 is the roller, 38-1 is the main shaft hole, 38-2 is the roller weight reduction hole, 39 is the crushing tooth fixing frame, 40 is the feed inlet crushing tooth, 40-1 is the helical tooth, 40-2 is the fixing bolt, 41 is the discharge port crushing tooth, 42 is the arc sieve mesh, 43 is the impeller, 43-1 is the impeller bottom plate, 43-2 is the blade, 43-3 is the blade fixing bolt, 43-4 is the impeller bearing sleeve, 43-5 is the bearing sleeve fixing bolt, 44 is the spiral guide strip, 45 is the grain discharge port, 46 is the main sieve mesh. Specific embodiments

[0059] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0060] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, a threshing machine, characterized in that: it is composed of a fuselage, a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a screening and grain discharging mechanism, a bran discharging mechanism and a steering and moving mechanism;

[0061] Among them, the fuselage is composed of a frame 1 and a threshing bin 4, the transmission mechanism is arranged on the frame 1 of the fuselage, the feeding mechanism is arranged on the threshing bin 4, the crushing mechanism is installed in the threshing bin 4, the screening and grain discharging mechanism is installed on the frame 1 below the threshing bin 4, the bran discharging mechanism is arranged on one side of the threshing bin 4, and the steering and moving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the frame 1;

[0062] Among them, the fuselage is composed of a frame 1 and a threshing bin 4, the frame 1 is a cuboid structure welded by triangular steel, and the threshing bin 4 is installed in the frame 1;

[0063] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 12As shown, the upper part of the threshing bin 4 is a square open structure, and the bottom is a reduced-opening structure. A threshing bin cover 5 is provided at the top of the threshing bin 4. A threshing bin cover rotating shaft 33 is provided between the threshing bin cover 5 and the threshing bin 4. An inlet 6 is provided on one side of the threshing bin 4, and a second inlet 7 is provided beside the inlet 6. A straw discharge port 34 is provided on the other side of the threshing bin 4, and a grain discharge port 45 is provided at the bottom of the threshing bin 4;

[0064] The transmission mechanism consists of a pulley 2, a main shaft 3, an eccentric wheel 16, an eccentric wheel seat 17, an eccentric wheel frame 18, a connecting rod 23, and a connecting rod fixing seat 24;

[0065] The pulley 2 is arranged at one end of the main shaft 3. The eccentric wheel frame 18 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1. The eccentric wheel seat 17 is fixed on the eccentric wheel frame 18. The eccentric wheel 16 is installed on the eccentric wheel seat 17. One end of the connecting rod 23 is connected to the eccentric wheel 16 through a pin, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod fixing seat 24 arranged at the center of the bottom of the frame 1;

[0066] A fixed screw thread 17-1 is provided on the base of the eccentric wheel seat 17, a positioning hole 17-2 is provided at the central position, and an oil seal 17-3 is provided in the positioning hole 17-2

[0067] The feeding mechanism consists of a feeding hopper 30 and a second inlet door 13;

[0068] The feeding hopper 30 is fixed on the inlet 6 through a feeding bin bolt 11, and the second inlet door 13 is installed on the second inlet 7;

[0069] The crushing mechanism consists of a main shaft 3, a roller 38, a crushing tooth fixing frame 39, an inlet crushing tooth 40, and an outlet crushing tooth 41;

[0070] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 and Figure 12 shown, a plurality of rollers 38 are arranged on the main shaft 3. A main shaft hole 38-1 is provided at the center of the roller 38, and a plurality of roller weight reduction holes 38-2 are provided on the side wall. The roller 38 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 3. A plurality of crushing tooth fixing frames 39 are annularly arranged on the circumferential surface of the roller 38. A plurality of inlet crushing teeth 40 are provided on the side of the crushing tooth fixing frame 39 close to the inlet 6, and a plurality of outlet crushing teeth 41 are provided on the side of the crushing tooth fixing frame 39 close to the straw discharge port 34. The inlet crushing teeth 40 and the outlet crushing teeth 41 are fixed on the crushing tooth fixing frame 39 through fixing bolts 40-2;

[0071] The screening and grain discharging mechanism consists of an arc-shaped screen 42, a main screen 46, a slide rail 25, a grain discharge hopper 22, a grain screening hopper 26, a secondary screen 37, a baffle 27, and a grain outlet 28;

[0072] As Figure 12As shown, the arc-shaped screen 42 is installed in an arc shape at the bottom of the threshing bin 4. The main screen 46 is installed in the grain discharge port 45. The slide rail 25 is installed on the frame 1. The grain discharge hopper 22 is arranged below the grain discharge port 45. The grain discharge hopper 22 is of a square open structure. The four corners of the grain discharge hopper 22 are fixed on the slide rail 25. The end of the grain discharge hopper 22 close to the feed inlet 6 is higher than the end close to the straw discharge port 34. A screening grain hopper 26 is arranged at the end of the grain discharge hopper 22 close to the straw discharge port 34. A secondary screen 37 is arranged at the bottom of the screening grain hopper 26. A baffle 27 is arranged obliquely at one end of the screening grain hopper 26. A grain outlet 28 is arranged below the screening grain hopper 26. The grain outlet 28 is of a trapezoidal open structure. One end is hermetically connected to the screening grain hopper 26, and the other end is open. The end of the grain outlet 28 hermetically connected to the screening grain hopper 26 is higher than the open end;

[0073] The chaff discharging mechanism consists of a straw discharge port 34, a chaff discharging bin 8, a vane wheel 9, a chaff suction port 10, an inspection window 31, a chaff discharge port 35, and a chaff discharge port baffle 36;

[0074] As Figure 3 shown, the straw discharge port 34 is arranged on one side of the threshing bin 4. The chaff discharging bin 8 is installed on the frame 1 on one side of the threshing bin 4. The vane wheel 9 is installed on the chaff discharging bin 8. A chaff suction port 10 is arranged below the vane wheel 9. A chaff discharge port 35 is arranged on one side of the chaff discharging bin 8. A chaff discharge port baffle 36 is arranged at one end of the chaff discharge port 35. An inspection window 31 is arranged at the top of the side of the chaff discharging bin 8;

[0075] As Figure 6 、 Figure 16 、 Figure 17 shown, an impeller 43 is arranged inside the vane wheel 9. The impeller 43 consists of an impeller bottom plate 43-1, blades 43-2, blade fixing bolts 43-3, a vane wheel bearing sleeve 43-4, and bearing sleeve fixing bolts 43-5;

[0076] A number of blades 43-2 are arranged in a ring shape on the impeller bottom plate 43-1. The blades 43-2 are fixed on the impeller bottom plate 43-1 through fixing bolts 43-3. A vane wheel bearing sleeve 43-4 is arranged at the center of the impeller bottom plate 43-1.

[0077] The vane wheel bearing sleeve 43-4 is fixed at the center of the impeller bottom plate 43-1 through bearing sleeve fixing bolts 43-5. The main shaft 3 passes through the vane wheel bearing sleeve 43-4 and is installed on the impeller 43 through bearings;

[0078] The steering and moving mechanism consists of a roller 29, a steering wheel 21, a bogie 20, and a pull rod 19;

[0079] There are two rollers 29, which are respectively arranged at the left and right corners near the grain outlet 28 at the bottom of the frame 1. There are two steering wheels 21, which are respectively arranged at the left and right corners near the eccentric wheel 16 at the bottom of the frame 1. The steering wheels 21 are universal wheels that can freely turn. The steering frame 20 is of U-shaped structure, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two steering wheels 21. A pull rod 19 is arranged in the middle of the steering frame 20.

[0080] During use, place the thresher flat on the ground or in the carriage of an agricultural locomotive. Use an electric motor, internal combustion engine or the engine of an agricultural machine as the power device. Connect the pulley of the power device and the pulley 2 of the thresher with a belt. Then install the feed hopper 30 on the feed inlet 6, replace it with a sub-sieve 37 with a suitable aperture, turn on the power device, and feed the grains into the threshing chamber 4 from the feed hopper 30. After the grains are crushed by the crushing mechanism in the threshing chamber, the grains and chaff are screened by the screening and grain discharging mechanism. The screened grains are discharged from the grain discharging mechanism, and the chaff is discharged from the chaff discharging mechanism to achieve the separation of grains and chaff. The discharged grains are bagged by the operator. Some grains that are not completely crushed can be re-fed into the threshing chamber 4 through the second feed inlet 7 for secondary crushing and screening.

[0081] After the threshing work is completed, turn off the power device, remove the belt from the pulley 2, then remove the feed hopper 30 from the feed inlet 6, hang the feed hopper 30 vertically in the opposite direction on the feed inlet 6, and then move the thresher to the next working location through the steering and moving mechanism, or directly transport the thresher to the next location by an agricultural motor vehicle.

[0082] The present invention can be used for threshing of grains such as wheat, highland barley, corn, mung beans, broad beans, flax, rapeseed, quinoa, etc., and can also be directly used for crushing forage.

[0083] Embodiment 1

[0084] The following combines Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 16 to detail the implementation of a thresher of the present invention when using an electric motor as the power device for wheat threshing work:

[0085] A thresher is composed of a fuselage, a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a screening and grain discharging mechanism, a chaff discharging mechanism, and a steering and moving mechanism;

[0086] The fuselage is composed of a frame 1 and a threshing bin 4. The transmission mechanism is arranged on the frame 1 of the fuselage, the feeding mechanism is arranged on the threshing bin 4, the material crushing mechanism is installed inside the threshing bin 4, the screening and grain discharging mechanism is installed on the frame 1 below the threshing bin 4, the chaff discharging mechanism is arranged on one side of the threshing bin 4, and the steering and moving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the frame 1;

[0087] The fuselage is composed of a frame 1 and a threshing bin 4. The frame 1 is a cuboid structure welded by angle steel, and the threshing bin 4 is installed inside the frame 1;

[0088] The upper part of the threshing bin 4 is a square open structure, and the bottom is a reduced opening structure. A threshing bin cover 5 is arranged on the top of the threshing bin 4. A threshing bin cover rotating shaft 33 is arranged between the threshing bin cover 5 and the threshing bin 4. A feeding port 6 is arranged on one side of the threshing bin 4, a second feeding port 7 is arranged beside the feeding port 6, a straw discharging port 34 is arranged on the other side of the threshing bin 4, and a grain discharging port 45 is arranged at the bottom of the threshing bin 4;

[0089] The transmission mechanism is composed of a pulley 2, a main shaft 3, an eccentric wheel 16, an eccentric wheel seat 17, an eccentric wheel frame 18, a connecting rod 23 and a connecting rod fixing seat 24;

[0090] The pulley 2 is arranged at one end of the main shaft 3. The eccentric wheel frame 18 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1. The eccentric wheel seat 17 is fixed on the eccentric wheel frame 18. The eccentric wheel 16 is installed on the eccentric wheel seat 17. One end of the connecting rod 23 is connected to the eccentric wheel 16 through a pin, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod fixing seat 24 arranged at the center of the bottom of the frame 1;

[0091] A fixed screw thread 17-1 is arranged on the base of the eccentric wheel seat 17, a positioning hole 17-2 is arranged at the central position, and an oil seal 17-3 is arranged in the positioning hole 17-2

[0092] The feeding mechanism is composed of a feeding hopper 30 and a second feeding port door 13;

[0093] The feeding hopper 30 is fixed on the feeding port 6 through a feeding bin bolt 11, and the second feeding port door 13 is installed on the second feeding port 7;

[0094] The material crushing mechanism is composed of a main shaft 3, a wheel roller 38, a material crushing tooth fixing frame 39, a feeding port material crushing tooth 40 and a discharging port material crushing tooth 41;

[0095] There are three roller rolls 38 arranged on the main shaft 3. A main shaft hole 38-1 is provided at the center of the roller roll 38, and four roller roll weight-reducing holes 38-2 are provided on the side wall. The roller roll 38 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 3. Eight shredding tooth fixing brackets 39 are annularly arranged on the circumferential surface of the roller roll 38. Forty feed port shredding teeth 40 are provided on the side of the shredding tooth fixing bracket 39 close to the feed port 6, and forty-eight discharge port shredding teeth 41 are provided on the side of the shredding tooth fixing bracket 39 close to the straw discharge port 34. The feed port shredding teeth 40 and the discharge port shredding teeth 41 are fixed to the shredding tooth fixing bracket 39 by fixing bolts 40-2;

[0096] The screening and grain discharging mechanism is composed of an arc-shaped screen 42, a main screen 46, a slide rail 25, a grain discharging hopper 22, a grain screening hopper 26, a secondary screen 37, a baffle 27 and a grain outlet 28;

[0097] The arc-shaped screen 42 is installed in an arc shape at the bottom of the threshing chamber 4. The main screen 46 is installed in the grain discharging port 45. The slide rail 25 is installed on the frame 1. The grain discharging hopper 22 is arranged below the grain discharging port 45. The grain discharging hopper 22 is of a square open structure. The four corners of the grain discharging hopper 22 are fixed on the slide rail 25. One end of the grain discharging hopper 22 close to the feed port 6 is higher than the end close to the straw discharge port 34. A grain screening hopper 26 is provided at one end of the grain discharging hopper 22 close to the straw discharge port 34. A secondary screen 37 is provided at the bottom of the grain screening hopper 26. A baffle 27 is obliquely arranged at one end of the grain screening hopper 26. A grain outlet 28 is provided below the grain screening hopper 26. The grain outlet 28 is of a trapezoidal open structure. One end is hermetically connected to the grain screening hopper 26, and the other end is open. The end of the grain outlet 28 hermetically connected to the grain screening hopper 26 is higher than the open end;

[0098] The bran discharging mechanism is composed of a straw discharge port 34, a bran discharging bin 8, a vane wheel 9, a bran suction port 10, an inspection window 31, a bran discharge port 35 and a bran discharge port baffle 36;

[0099] The straw discharge port 34 is arranged on one side of the threshing chamber 4. The bran discharging bin 8 is installed on the frame 1 on one side of the threshing chamber 4. The vane wheel 9 is installed on the bran discharging bin 8. A bran suction port 10 is arranged below the vane wheel 9. A bran discharge port 35 is arranged on one side of the bran discharging bin 8. A bran discharge port baffle 36 is arranged at one end of the bran discharge port 35. An inspection window 31 is arranged at the top of the side of the bran discharging bin 8;

[0100] An impeller 43 is arranged inside the vane wheel 9. The impeller 43 is composed of an impeller bottom plate 43-1, blades 43-2, blade fixing bolts 43-3, a vane wheel bearing sleeve 43-4 and bearing sleeve fixing bolts 43-5;

[0101] Eight blades 43-2 are annularly arranged on the impeller bottom plate 43-1. The blades 43-2 are fixed to the impeller bottom plate 43-1 by fixing bolts 43-3. A vane wheel bearing sleeve 43-4 is arranged at the center of the impeller bottom plate 43-1,

[0102] The turbine bearing sleeve 43-4 is fixed at the center of the impeller bottom plate 43-1 through the bearing sleeve fixing bolts 43-5, and the main shaft 3 passes through the turbine bearing sleeve 43-4 and is installed on the impeller 43 through bearings;

[0103] The steering and moving mechanism consists of rollers 29, steering wheels 21, bogies 20 and tie rods 19;

[0104] There are two rollers 29, which are respectively arranged at the left and right corners near the grain outlet 28 at the bottom of the frame 1. There are two steering wheels 21, which are respectively arranged at the left and right corners near the eccentric wheel 16 at the bottom of the frame 1. The steering wheels 21 are freely rotatable universal wheels. The bogie 20 is of U-shaped structure and is respectively connected to the two steering wheels 21 at both ends. A tie rod 19 is arranged in the middle of the bogie 20;

[0105] Preferably, 2 spiral guide strips 44 are arranged on the inner wall of the threshing chamber cover 5, and a threshing chamber cover handle 14 is arranged at the middle position of one end of the threshing chamber cover 5 close to the feed inlet 6; [[ID=]10]

[0106] Preferably, the feed inlet shredding teeth 40 are flat iron U-shaped teeth, and helical teeth 40-1 are arranged on the feed inlet shredding teeth 40. The radial angle between the helical teeth 40-1 and the roller 38 is 20°. The discharge outlet shredding teeth 41 are steel bar U-shaped teeth. The length of the discharge outlet shredding teeth 41 is 20 mm longer than the length of the feed inlet shredding teeth 40. The distance between the tooth end of the discharge outlet shredding teeth 41 and the arc-shaped screen 42 is 50 mm;

[0107] Preferably, a high-speed wheel 2-1 and a low-speed wheel 2-2 are arranged on the pulley 2. The diameter of the high-speed wheel 2-1 is 250 mm, and the diameter of the low-speed wheel 2-2 is 150 mm;

[0108] Preferably, a pin hole 23-1-1 is arranged on the inner diameter change sleeve 23-1. The inner diameter of the pin hole 23-1-1 is 15 mm. The connecting rod 23 is connected to the connecting hole 16-1 on the eccentric wheel 16 through a standard pin with a diameter of 14 mm

[0109] During use, place the thresher on the ground, use the motor as the power equipment, connect the pulley on the motor and the pulley 2 of the thresher with a belt, then install the feed hopper 30 on the feed inlet 6, replace it with the auxiliary sieve mesh 37 for screening wheat, turn on the power equipment, send the grains into the threshing chamber 4 from the feed hopper 30. After the grains are crushed by the shredding mechanism in the threshing chamber, the grains and chaff are screened by the screening and grain discharging mechanism. The screened grains are discharged from the grain discharging mechanism, and the chaff is discharged from the chaff discharging mechanism to achieve the separation of grains and chaff. The discharged grains are bagged by the operator, and some grains that are not thoroughly crushed can be re-fed into the threshing chamber 4 from the second feed inlet 7 for secondary crushing and screening;

[0110] After the threshing work is completed, turn off the power equipment, remove the belt from pulley 2, then remove the feed hopper 30 from the feed inlet 6, hang the feed hopper 30 vertically in the reverse direction on the feed inlet 6, and then move the thresher to the next working location through the steering and moving mechanism.

[0111] Embodiment 2

[0112] The following details the implementation of a thresher of the present invention when using an agricultural motor vehicle as a carrier and the engine of the agricultural motor vehicle as the power equipment for threshing work in the wild field:

[0113] When in use, place the thresher in the carriage of the agricultural motor vehicle. When placing it, align the pulley side of the thresher with the engine pulley under the carriage of the agricultural motor vehicle. Then drive the agricultural motor vehicle to the field where threshing work needs to be carried out, open the connection port reserved at the bottom of the carriage of the agricultural motor vehicle, remove the pulley on the engine of the agricultural motor vehicle, then connect one end of the pulley of the thresher to the pulley of the engine of the agricultural motor vehicle, and the other end to pulley 2 of the thresher. Then install the feed hopper 30 on the feed inlet 6, replace it with the auxiliary sieve mesh 37 for screening wheat, put the agricultural motor vehicle in neutral, pull the handbrake, and then start the engine. At this time, the thresher starts to operate driven by the engine of the agricultural motor vehicle. Then send the grains into the threshing chamber 4 from the feed hopper 30. After the grains are crushed by the crushing mechanism in the threshing chamber, the grains and chaff are screened by the screening and grain discharging mechanism. The screened grains are discharged from the grain discharging mechanism, and the chaff is discharged from the chaff discharging mechanism to achieve the separation of grains and chaff. The discharged grains are bagged by the operator, and some grains that are not completely crushed can be re-fed into the threshing chamber 4 through the second feed inlet 7 for secondary crushing and screening;

[0114] After the threshing work is completed, turn off the engine of the agricultural motor vehicle, remove the belt from pulley 2 of the thresher, install the pulley of the agricultural motor vehicle on the engine, and then drive the agricultural motor vehicle to transport the thresher to the next working location.

[0115] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A threshing machine is composed of a fuselage, a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a shredding mechanism, a screening and grain discharging mechanism, a chaff discharging mechanism, and a steering and moving mechanism; The fuselage is composed of a frame (1) and a threshing bin (4). The transmission mechanism is arranged on the frame (1) of the fuselage. The feeding mechanism is arranged on the threshing bin (4). The shredding mechanism is installed inside the threshing bin (4). The screening and grain discharging mechanism is installed on the frame (1) below the threshing bin (4). The chaff discharging mechanism is arranged on one side of the threshing bin (4). The steering and moving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the frame (1); It is characterized in that: A eccentric wheel seat (17) is fixedly arranged at a position near the steering and moving mechanism below the frame (1). The eccentric wheel (16) is movably installed on the eccentric wheel seat (17). Half of the eccentric wheel (16) is solid, and the other half is provided with two independent cavities. A connecting hole (16-1) is arranged between the two cavities. The connecting hole (16-1) is movably connected with a connecting rod (23) through a pin and then connected with a grain discharging hopper (22). One end of the connecting rod (23) is provided with a connecting head (23-2). An inner diameter changing sleeve (23-1) is arranged inside the connecting head of the connecting rod (23). By installing the inner diameter changing sleeve (23-1), the inner diameter of the connecting head (23-2) can be changed; The transmission mechanism is composed of a pulley (2) and a main shaft (3); the pulley (2) is arranged at one end of the main shaft (3). The pulley (2) is composed of a high-speed wheel (2-1) and a low-speed wheel (2-2). The diameter of the high-speed wheel (2-1) is larger than the diameter of the low-speed wheel (2-2); A threshing bin cover (5) is arranged on the threshing bin (4). A threshing bin cover rotating shaft (33) is arranged between the threshing bin cover (5) and the threshing bin (4). A locking structure (15) is arranged on one side of the threshing bin cover (5). A number of spiral guiding strips (44) are arranged on the inner wall of the threshing bin cover (5). A feeding hopper (30) is arranged on one side of the threshing bin (4). A feeding port (6) is arranged outside the feeding hopper (30). The upper part of the feeding hopper (30) is connected with the feeding port (6) through a feeding hopper bolt (11). A safety rod is arranged on one side of the feeding hopper bolt (11). During transportation, the feeding hopper (30) can be reversely and vertically mounted on the fuselage through a bolt structure designed on the feeding hopper (30). A second feeding port (7) is arranged on the same side of the threshing bin (4) as the feeding hopper (30). A second feeding port door (13) is arranged outside the second feeding port (7). The lower part of the second feeding port door (13) is movably connected with the second feeding port (7) through a second feeding port bolt (12). A locking mechanism is arranged on the second feeding port door (13); An inspection window (31) is arranged at the top of the side of the chaff discharging bin (8). An inspection window sliding plate (32) is arranged on the inspection window (31); The shredding mechanism consists of roller (38), shredding tooth fixing bracket (39), shredding teeth at the feeding port (40) and shredding teeth at the discharging port (41). The shredding tooth fixing bracket (39) is fixedly arranged on the roller (38). The shredding teeth at the feeding port (40) and the shredding teeth at the discharging port (41) are fixedly arranged on the shredding tooth fixing bracket (39). A number of rollers (38) are arranged on the main shaft (3). A main shaft hole (38-1) is arranged at the center of the roller (38). The main shaft (3) passes through the main shaft hole (38-1). A number of roller weight reduction holes (38-2) are arranged on the side wall of the roller (38). The roller (38) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (3). An inclined tooth (40-1) is arranged on the shredding tooth at the feeding port (40). The radial angle between the inclined tooth (40-1) and the roller (38) is 10° to 30°. The inclined directions of the inclined teeth (40-1) of adjacent two rows of shredding teeth at the feeding port (40) are opposite. The length of the shredding teeth at the discharging port (41) is longer than that of the shredding teeth at the feeding port (40). The screening and particle discharging mechanism consists of a discharging hopper (22), a screening hopper (26) and a secondary screen (37). The discharging hopper (22) is installed on the frame (1). One end of the discharging hopper (22) is movably connected to the connecting rod (23). A screening hopper (26) is arranged at one end of the discharging hopper (22) close to the chaff suction port (10). A secondary screen (37) is arranged at the bottom of the screening hopper (26). The secondary screen (37) is movably connected to the screening hopper (26). The steering and moving mechanism consists of rollers (29), steering wheels (21), a steering frame (20) and a pull rod (19). There are two rollers (29), which are respectively arranged at the left and right two corners at the bottom of the frame (1) close to the grain discharging port (28). There are two steering wheels (21), which are respectively arranged at the left and right two corners at the bottom of the frame (1) close to the eccentric wheel (16). The steering wheels (21) are universal wheels that can freely turn. The steering frame (20) is of a U-shaped structure and is respectively connected to the two steering wheels (21) at both ends. A pull rod (19) is arranged in the middle of the steering frame (20).

2. A threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the tooth end of the shredding teeth at the discharging port (41) and the arc-shaped screen (42) is greater than 20 mm.

3. A threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chaff discharging mechanism consists of a straw discharging port (34), a chaff discharging bin (8), a turbine (9), a chaff suction port (10), a chaff discharging port (35) and a chaff discharging port baffle (36). The straw discharging port (34) is arranged below the opposite side of the feeding hopper (30) on the threshing bin (4). The chaff discharging bin (8) is installed on the frame (1). The turbine (9) is installed in the chaff discharging bin (8). A chaff suction port (10) is arranged below the turbine (9). A chaff discharging port (35) is arranged on the same side of the chaff discharging bin (8) as the straw discharging port (34). A chaff discharging port baffle (36) is arranged at the end of the chaff discharging port (35). The chaff discharging port baffle (36) is movably connected to the chaff discharging port (35).

4. A threshing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: An impeller (43) is arranged inside the turbine (9). The impeller (43) consists of an impeller bottom plate (43-1) and a number of blades (43-2). A plurality of blades (43-2) are radially and fixedly arranged on an impeller bottom plate (43-1). The ends of the blades (43-2) of the impeller (43) are inclined, and the inclination directions of each blade (43-2) are the same.

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