A test device for measuring the permeability of a geomembrane with defects

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for measuring the permeability of a geomembrane with defects, comprising a crossbeam, two columns, a base, a pressure chamber, a pressurizing system, a water supply and drainage system and a measuring system; the device of the invention provides a three-dimensional confining pressure for a measuring sample through the pressurizing system, so that the measuring process is closer to the permeability characteristics in actual engineering, and the device of the invention simulates the measurement and studies the permeability of a geomembrane with defects under actual engineering conditions, thereby providing a theoretical basis for ensuring the environmental safety of projects such as tailings dams, waste sites and landfills.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a testing device for measuring the permeability of a geomembrane with defects, and belongs to the field of construction engineering instruments and equipment. Background Art

[0002] The function of a tailings dam is to store and process tailings and other mining soil waste and pollutants. When seepage occurs inside the tailings dam, the harmful heavy metal elements inside it will gradually erode surface water and groundwater with the seepage effect, causing pollution to water resources and thus having a serious impact on the development of the entire society.

[0003] Based on the above influences, geomembranes, as a better anti-seepage material, have been gradually used in projects such as tailings dams. Since there are inevitably some quality problems in the production process of geomembranes by manufacturers, and there is also the phenomenon of geomembrane damage during the construction process, the engineering safety hazards and environmental pollution caused by the seepage effect caused by defects in geomembranes are in urgent need of better solutions. The device of the present invention is based on solving this problem and urgently needs to develop a test device to simulate and study the permeability of defective geomembranes under actual engineering conditions, thereby laying the foundation for ensuring the environmental safety of projects such as tailings dams, waste sites and landfills. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device for measuring the permeability of a defective geomembrane to simulate and study the permeability of a defective geomembrane under actual engineering conditions, thereby providing a favorable scientific basis for engineering safety and environmental protection.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a test device for measuring the permeability of a geomembrane with defects, comprising a beam, two columns, a base, a pressure chamber, a pressurizing system, a water supply and drainage system, and a measuring system;

[0006] The two columns are respectively fixed on the base, the bottoms of the two columns are respectively connected to the base, the tops of the two columns are connected by a crossbeam, the pressure chamber is located between the lower part of the crossbeam and the two columns, and the pressure chamber is fixed on the base;

[0007] The pressure chamber includes an upper cover, a sample cap, a drainage net, a rubber membrane, an organic glass cover, a rubber clamp I, and a rubber clamp II; the upper cover is sealed and installed on the top of the organic glass cover, the bottom of the organic glass cover is sealed and connected to the base, and the organic glass cover is located between two columns. A rubber membrane is provided inside the organic glass cover, the bottom of the rubber membrane is clamped to the base by rubber clamp I, and the top of the rubber membrane is clamped to the sample cap by rubber clamp II. A water-permeable material is provided at the bottom of the rubber membrane, a geomembrane with defects is placed above the water-permeable material, a sample is placed above the geomembrane with defects, a drainage net is provided on the top of the sample, and the sample cap is located above the drainage net;

[0008] The pressurization system includes an air supply pipe, an air pressure sensor, a pressurization piston rod, an air pressure pump, and a rubber ring; the air pressure pump is connected to the upper cover through the air supply pipe and extends into the organic glass cover; the upper cover is provided with an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor passes through the upper cover and extends into the organic glass cover; the pressurization piston rod passes through the crossbeam and the upper cover and extends into the organic glass cover; the lower end of the pressurization piston rod is located above the sample cap;

[0009] The water supply and drainage system includes a water supply pipe, a water outlet pipe, a drain pipe, and a water supply pump; the water supply pump is connected to one end of the water supply pipe, the other end of the water supply pipe passes through the organic glass cover and is connected to the rubber membrane and extends into the rubber membrane, one end of the water outlet pipe passes through the organic glass cover and extends into the rubber membrane, the other end of the water outlet pipe is located outside, and a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the base, one end of the drain pipe passes through the base and is connected to the bottom of the rubber membrane, and the other end of the drain pipe is located above the water reservoir;

[0010] The measurement system includes flow sensor I, flow sensor II, a computer, an information collector, a printer, data cable I, data cable II, data cable III, data cable IV, data cable V, and data cable VI; the air pressure sensor is connected to the data collector via data cable I, the water supply pipe is provided with a flow sensor, the flow sensor I is connected to the data collector via data cable II, the water outlet pipe is provided with a flow sensor II, the flow sensor II is connected to the data collector via data cable III, a pressure sensor and a speed sensor are provided in the pressurizing piston rod, one end of the data cable IV is connected to the pressure sensor and the speed sensor respectively, and the other end of the data cable IV is connected to the data collector, the data collector is connected to the computer via data cable VI, and the computer is connected to the printer via data cable V.

[0011] The two ends of the crossbeam are connected to the tops of the two columns through an upper threaded cap and a lower threaded cap respectively, and the base is a stepped base.

[0012] A water level scale line is provided on the rubber membrane between the drainage net and the sample cap.

[0013] The connecting points between the gas pipe, the air pressure sensor and the upper cover are sealed with adhesive and sealing cloth.

[0014] The water supply pipe and the water outlet pipe are sealed by applying adhesive at the places where they pass through the organic glass cover.

[0015] The drainage pipe is sealed by adhesive and sealing cloth at the point where it passes through the base.

[0016] The geomembrane with defects is a single-layer, multi-layer, single-hole or multi-hole membrane.

[0017] The drainage net is a geocomposite drainage net.

[0018] The pressurizing piston rod is sealed with the upper cover via a rubber ring.

[0019] After the water pump is turned on, a free-flowing water belt is formed above the drainage net. When the height of the free-flowing water belt reaches the specified scale mark, the sample cap is placed.

[0020] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0021] Step 1: Prepare the sample, place it in the rubber membrane and on the geomembrane, put the bottom of the rubber membrane on the protruding part of the base and clamp it with rubber clamp I, and place the geocomposite drainage net on the top of the sample.

[0022] Step 2: Turn on the computer, data acquisition device and printer, turn on the water pump, and let the water flow through the water pipe and the outlet pipe to form a free water flow belt. When the water level reaches the scale specified by the rubber membrane and the water flow rate monitored by flow sensor I and flow sensor II (the water flow data monitored by flow sensor I and flow sensor II are transmitted to the data acquisition device through data line II and data line III respectively, and then transmitted to the computer through data line VI by the data acquisition device. The water flow rate can be seen on the computer monitor) tends to be stable, place the sample cap on the free water flow belt and clamp the sample cap and the rubber membrane with rubber clamp II.

[0023] Step 3: First start the air pressure pump and pressurize the pressure chamber through the air pipe. The air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure in the pressure chamber and transmits it to the data collector through data line Ⅰ, and then the data collector transmits it to the computer through data line Ⅵ. Observe whether the air pressure in the pressure chamber tends to be stable on the computer display screen. After the air pressure in the pressure chamber tends to be stable, start the vertical pressurizing device and pressurize the sample through the pressurizing piston rod. The pressure applied by the pressurizing piston rod to the sample is transmitted to the data collector through data line Ⅳ, and then transmitted to the computer by the data collector. The pressure applied by the pressurizing piston rod to the sample can be seen on the computer display, and a report can be printed out by the printer.

[0024] Step 4: Observe the amount of water discharged from the drain pipe into the beaker to complete the permeability measurement of the geomembrane.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] (1) The device of the present invention can simulate the measurement and study of the permeability characteristics of geomembranes under damaged conditions.

[0027] (2) The device of the present invention realizes three-dimensional confining pressure through air pressure and axial pressure of the pressurized piston rod, so that the test can be closer to the permeability characteristics in actual engineering, thereby providing a theoretical basis for ensuring the environmental safety of projects such as tailings dams, waste sites and landfills. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 、 Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing connection between the pressurizing piston rod and the upper cover of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A top view of the connection between the pressurized piston rod and the rubber ring of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the position of the water level scale line of the present invention;

[0033] The numbers in the figure are: 1-air pipe, 2-water pipe, 3-water outlet pipe, 4-flow sensor I, 5-flow sensor II, 6-crossbeam, 7-upper cover, 8-air pressure sensor, 9-pressurized piston rod, 10-sample cap, 11-drainage net, 12-geomembrane, 13-rubber membrane, 14-plexiglass cover, 15-base, 16-drainage pipe, 17-column, 18-air pressure pump, 19-water pump, 20-computer, 21-printer, 22-data line I, 23-data line II, 24-data line III, 25-data line IV, 26-upper threaded cap, 27-lower threaded cap, 28-data line V, 29-rubber clamp I, 30-rubber clamp II, 31-rubber ring, 32-data collector, 33-data line VI, 34-permeable material, 35-sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Example 1: The present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and examples, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the contents described.

[0035] Example 1: Figures 1 to 6As shown, the test device for measuring the permeability of a defective geomembrane includes a beam 6, two columns 17, a base 15, a pressure chamber, a pressurizing system, a water supply and drainage system, and a measuring system;

[0036] The two columns 17 are respectively fixed on the base 15, the bottoms of the two columns 17 are respectively connected to the base 15, and the tops of the two columns 17 are connected by a crossbeam 6. The pressure chamber is located between the lower part of the crossbeam 6 and the two columns 17, and the pressure chamber is fixed on the base 15;

[0037] The pressure chamber includes an upper cover 7, a sample cap 10, a drainage net 11, a rubber membrane 13, an organic glass cover 14, a rubber clamping band I 29, and a rubber clamping band II 30; the upper cover 7 is sealed and installed on the top of the organic glass cover 14, the bottom of the organic glass cover 14 is sealed and connected to the base 15, and the organic glass cover 14 is located between two columns 17, a rubber membrane 13 is provided inside the organic glass cover 14, the bottom of the rubber membrane 13 is clamped on the base 15 by a rubber clamping band I 29, and the top of the rubber membrane 13 is clamped on the sample cap 10 by a rubber clamping band II 30, a water-permeable material 34 is provided at the bottom of the rubber membrane 13, a geomembrane 12 with defects is placed above the water-permeable material 34, a sample 35 is placed above the geomembrane 12 with defects, a drainage net 11 is provided on the top of the sample 35, and the sample cap 10 is located above the drainage net 11;

[0038] The pressurization system includes an air supply pipe 1, an air pressure sensor 8, a pressurization piston rod 9, an air pressure pump 18, and a rubber ring 31; the air pressure pump 18 is connected to the upper cover 7 through the air supply pipe 1 and extends into the organic glass cover 14; the upper cover 7 is provided with an air pressure sensor 8, and the air pressure sensor 8 passes through the upper cover 7 and extends into the organic glass cover 14; the pressurization piston rod 9 passes through the crossbeam 6 and the upper cover 7 and extends into the organic glass cover 14; the lower end of the pressurization piston rod 9 is located above the sample cap 10;

[0039] The water supply and drainage system includes a water supply pipe 2, a water outlet pipe 3, a drain pipe 16, and a water supply pump 19; the water supply pump 19 is connected to one end of the water supply pipe 2, the other end of the water supply pipe 2 passes through the organic glass cover 14 and is connected to the rubber membrane 13 and extends into the rubber membrane 13, one end of the water outlet pipe 3 passes through the organic glass cover 14 and extends into the rubber membrane 13, the other end of the water outlet pipe 3 is located outside, and a drain pipe 16 is provided at the bottom of the base 15, one end of the drain pipe 16 passes through the base 15 and is connected to the bottom of the rubber membrane 13, and the other end of the drain pipe 16 is located above the water reservoir;

[0040] The measurement system includes a flow sensor I4, a flow sensor II5, a computer 20, an information collector 31, a printer 21, a data line I22, a data line II23, a data line III24, a data line IV25, a data line V28, and a data line VI33; the air pressure sensor 8 is connected to the data collector 32 via the data line I22, the water supply pipe 2 is provided with a flow sensor I4, and the flow sensor I4 is connected to the data collector 32 via the data line II23, the water outlet pipe 3 is provided with a flow sensor II5, and the flow sensor II5 is connected to the data collector 32 via the data line III24, the pressurizing piston rod 9 is provided with a pressure sensor and a speed sensor, one end of the data line IV25 is connected to the pressure sensor and the speed sensor respectively, and the other end of the data line IV25 is connected to the data collector 32, the data collector 32 is connected to the computer 20 via the data line VI33, and the computer 20 is connected to the printer 21 via the data line V28.

[0041] The two ends of the beam 6 are connected to the tops of the two columns 17 through an upper threaded cap 26 and a lower threaded cap 27 respectively. The base 15 is a stepped base, and is highest in the middle of the base and lower on both sides. The two columns 17 are fixed on the lower steps on both sides of the base 15, and the rubber membrane 13 is clamped on the higher step in the middle of the base 15 by a rubber clamp Ⅰ29.

[0042] A water level mark is provided on the rubber membrane 13 between the drainage net 11 and the sample cap 10 .

[0043] The connections between the gas pipe 1, the air pressure sensor 8 and the upper cover 7 are sealed with adhesive and sealing cloth.

[0044] The water supply pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 are sealed by applying adhesive at the places where they pass through the organic glass cover 14.

[0045] The drainage pipe 16 is sealed by adhesive and sealing cloth at the point where it passes through the base 15 .

[0046] The geomembrane 12 with defects measured is a single-layer membrane.

[0047] The drainage net 11 is a geocomposite drainage net.

[0048] The pressurizing piston rod 9 is sealed with the upper cover 7 via a rubber ring 31 .

[0049] The specific steps of measuring the permeability of geomembrane by the device of this embodiment are as follows:

[0050] Step 1: Prepare the sample 35, place the prepared sample 35 in the rubber membrane 13 and place it on the geomembrane 12, the bottom of the rubber membrane 13 is put on the protruding part of the base 15, and clamped with rubber clamp I 29, and the geocomposite drainage net 11 is placed on the top of the sample 35.

[0051] Step 2: Turn on the computer 20, data collector 32 and printer 21, turn on the water pump 19, and allow water to flow through the water pipe 2 and the outlet pipe 3 to form a free water flow belt. When the water level reaches the scale specified by the rubber membrane 13 and the water flow rate monitored by the flow sensor I4 and the flow sensor II5 (the water flow data monitored by the flow sensor I4 and the flow sensor II5 are transmitted to the data collector 32 through the data line II23 and the data line III24 respectively, and then transmitted to the computer 20 by the data collector 32 through the data line VI33. The water flow rate can be seen on the computer display) tends to be stable, place the sample cap 10 on the free water flow belt and clamp the sample cap 10 and the rubber membrane 13 with the rubber clamp II30.

[0052] Step 3: First start the air pressure pump 18 and pressurize the pressure chamber through the air pipe 1. The air pressure sensor 8 monitors the air pressure in the pressure chamber and transmits it to the data collector 32 through the data line I22. The data collector 32 then transmits it to the computer 20 through the data line VI33. By observing whether the air pressure in the pressure chamber tends to be stable on the computer display screen, start the vertical pressurizing device after the air pressure in the pressure chamber tends to be stable. Pressurize the sample 35 through the pressurizing piston rod 9. The pressure applied by the pressurizing piston rod 9 to the sample 35 is transmitted to the collector 32 through the data line IV25, and then transmitted to the computer 20 by the collector 32. The pressure applied by the pressurizing piston rod 9 to the sample 35 can be seen on the computer display, and a report can be printed out by the printer 21.

[0053] Step 4: Observe the amount of water discharged from the drain pipe into the beaker to complete the permeability measurement of the geomembrane.

Claims

1. A test device for measuring the permeability of a defective geomembrane, characterized in that: It includes a crossbeam (6), two columns (17), a base (15), a pressure chamber, a pressurizing system, a water supply and drainage system, and a measuring system; The two columns (17) are respectively fixed on the base (15); the bottoms of the two columns (17) are respectively connected to the base (15); the tops of the two columns (17) are connected via a crossbeam (6); the pressure chamber is located between the lower part of the crossbeam (6) and the two columns (17); and the pressure chamber is fixed on the base (15); the two ends of the crossbeam (6) are respectively connected to the tops of the two columns (17) via an upper threaded cap (26) and a lower threaded cap (27); and the base (15) is a stepped base; The pressure chamber comprises an upper cover (7), a sample cap (10), a drainage net (11), a rubber membrane (13), an organic glass cover (14), a rubber clamp band I (29), and a rubber clamp band II (30); the upper cover (7) is sealed and mounted on the top of the organic glass cover (14); the bottom of the organic glass cover (14) is sealed and connected to the base (15); the organic glass cover (14) is located between two columns (17); a rubber membrane (13) is provided inside the organic glass cover (14); the bottom of the rubber membrane (13) is The bottom of the rubber membrane (13) is clamped on the base (15) by a rubber clamping band I (29), the top of the rubber membrane (13) is clamped on the sample cap (10) by a rubber clamping band II (30), the bottom of the rubber membrane (13) is provided with a water-permeable material (34), a geomembrane with defects (12) is placed above the water-permeable material (34), a sample (35) is placed above the geomembrane with defects (12), a drainage net (11) is provided on the top of the sample (35), and the sample cap (10) is located above the drainage net (11); The pressurizing system comprises an air supply pipe (1), an air pressure sensor (8), a pressurizing piston rod (9), an air pressure pump (18), and a rubber ring (31); the air pressure pump (18) is connected to the upper cover (7) through the air supply pipe (1) and extends into the organic glass cover (14); the upper cover (7) is provided with an air pressure sensor (8); the air pressure sensor (8) passes through the upper cover (7) and extends into the organic glass cover (14); the pressurizing piston rod (9) passes through the crossbeam (6) and the upper cover (7) and extends into the organic glass cover (14); the lower end of the pressurizing piston rod (9) is located above the sample cap (10); The water supply and drainage system comprises a water supply pipe (2), a water outlet pipe (3), a drainage pipe (16), and a water supply pump (19); the water supply pump (19) is connected to one end of the water supply pipe (2); the other end of the water supply pipe (2) passes through the organic glass cover (14) to be connected to the rubber membrane (13) and extends into the rubber membrane (13); one end of the water outlet pipe (3) passes through the organic glass cover (14) to extend into the rubber membrane (13); the other end of the water outlet pipe (3) is located outside; a drainage pipe (16) is provided at the bottom of the base (15); one end of the drainage pipe (16) passes through the base (15) to be connected to the bottom of the rubber membrane (13); the other end of the drainage pipe (16) is located above the water reservoir; The measuring system comprises a flow sensor I (4), a flow sensor II (5), a computer (20), a data acquisition device (32), a printer (21), a data line I (22), a data line II (23), a data line III (24), a data line IV (25), a data line V (28), and a data line VI (33); the air pressure sensor (8) is connected to the data acquisition device (32) via the data line I (22); the water pipe (2) is provided with a flow sensor I (4); the flow sensor I (4) is connected to the data acquisition device (32) via the data line II (23); The water outlet pipe (3) is provided with a flow sensor II (5), the flow sensor II (5) is connected to a data acquisition device (32) via a data line III (24), a pressure sensor and a speed sensor are provided in the pressurizing piston rod (9), one end of the data line IV (25) is connected to the pressure sensor and the speed sensor respectively, the other end of the data line IV (25) is connected to the data acquisition device (32), the data acquisition device (32) is connected to a computer (20) via a data line VI (33), and the computer (20) is connected to a printer (21) via a data line V (28); A water level scale is provided on the rubber membrane (13) between the drainage net (11) and the sample cap (10).

2. The test device for measuring the permeability of a defective geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting points between the gas delivery pipe (1), the air pressure sensor (8) and the upper cover (7) are sealed by using adhesive and sealing cloth.

3. The test device for measuring the permeability of a defective geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water delivery pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3) are sealed by applying adhesive where they pass through the organic glass cover (14).

4. The test device for measuring the permeability of a defective geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (16) is sealed by adhesive and sealing cloth at the point where it passes through the base (15).

5. The test device for measuring the permeability of a geomembrane with defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The defective geomembrane (12) is a single-layer, multi-layer, single-hole or multi-hole membrane.

6. The test device for measuring the permeability of a geomembrane with defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage net (11) is a geocomposite drainage net.

7. The test device for measuring the permeability of a defective geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing piston rod (9) is sealedly connected to the upper cover (7) via a rubber ring (31).

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