A sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for use in cities

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sponge-type vertical grate rainwater inlet for use in cities, including a curbstone and a well chamber arranged on one side of the curbstone, characterized in that a hole is opened in the curbstone and connected to the well chamber through a channel, a water collecting grate is embedded in the opening of the curbstone, a rainwater connecting pipe is arranged at the lower part of the well chamber, a planting pot is arranged above the well chamber, the top surface of the planting pot is flush with the top surface of the sidewalk pavement, and geotextile, nutrient matrix, and planting soil are arranged in the planting pot from bottom to top. The rainwater inlet has been optimized and improved on the national standard vertical grate rainwater inlet, the well chamber structure is optimized, and a planting pot is arranged on the upper part of the well chamber to plant turf and flowers. The sponge-type vertical grate rainwater inlet is easy to maintain and manage. On the basis of not increasing the cost, it can increase the urban greening area, beautify the road landscape, reduce the urban rainfall runoff coefficient, and respond to the design concept of the national sponge city.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of road and drainage design, and in particular to a sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for use in cities, which can reduce the amount of urban rainwater runoff. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urbanization, the surface hardening rate of cities is getting higher and higher. Frequent urban waterlogging disasters not only cause huge economic losses, but also seriously threaten urban safety and affect people's daily life. Therefore, the demand for building sponge cities is becoming increasingly strong.

[0003] Road rainwater inlets are an important part of the urban drainage system. Rainwater on the road surface of motor vehicle lanes and non-motor vehicle lanes will be discharged into the rainwater pipe network system through the rainwater inlets and eventually flow into the existing water system. In the national standard atlas <06MS201>, rainwater inlets are divided into three categories: flat grate type, side ditch type and vertical grate type. In actual engineering applications, flat grate type and vertical grate type rainwater inlets are mainly used.

[0004] At present, the annual runoff control rate has been clearly defined in the sponge city construction standards. In order to meet the requirements of the standards, sponge city technology is mainly applied in three forms in urban roads, namely road paving, green belts and sidewalk green belts. Shanghai, Xiamen and other cities have respectively published the "Sponge City Construction Technical Standard Atlas", which clarifies the specific practices of these three forms. However, at the micro level, the sponge transformation of rainwater outlets has been ignored. According to the "Outdoor Drainage Code GB 50014-2006", the spacing between rainwater outlets is 25 to 50m. Considering a 1km long road, the road section is separated by motor vehicle lanes and non-motor vehicle lanes, then there are 4 rainwater outlets every approximately 30m. According to the area of ​​each rainwater outlet of approximately 1m 2 Consider that if the stormwater outlets along a 1km long road are transformed into sponge-type ones, the drainage area can be increased by about 135m. 2 In addition, the sponge transformation of vertical grate rainwater inlets also improves the landscape of the roads along the route and beautifies the urban environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention relates to the technical field of road and drainage design, and in particular to a sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for use in cities, which can effectively increase the urban green space area and reduce rainfall runoff.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a sponge-type vertical grate rainwater inlet for use in cities, comprising a curbstone and a well chamber arranged on one side of the curbstone, characterized in that a hole is opened in the curbstone and is connected to the well chamber through a channel, a water collection grate is embedded in the opening of the curbstone, a rainwater connecting pipe is arranged at the lower part of the well chamber, a planting pot is arranged above the well chamber, the top surface of the planting pot is flush with the top surface of the sidewalk pavement, and geotextile, nutrient matrix and planting soil are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the planting pot.

[0007] Furthermore, the thickness of the geotextile in the planting pot is 0.4-0.6 cm, the thickness of the nutrient matrix is ​​2.5-3.5 cm, and the thickness of the planting soil is 12-18 cm. Preferably, the thickness of the nutrient matrix and the thickness of the planting soil are controlled at 1:5 to ensure the extension of the plant roots and the absorption of nutrients. The nutrient matrix is ​​decomposed organic fertilizer, and the content is controlled at 1.0-1.5 kg / m 2 .

[0008] Furthermore, a strip-shaped opening area is provided at the lower part of the planting pot, and a plurality of strip-shaped grooves are provided in the strip-shaped opening area.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the retained rainwater flows into the well chamber after infiltration through the soil layer, the effective area As of the entire strip opening area is calculated according to the following formula:

[0010]

[0011] Where W is the infiltration capacity of the infiltration facility (m 3 ), take 0.005~0.01m 3 ; β is the safety factor, which is taken as 1.0; K is the soil permeability coefficient (m / s), which is taken as 0.002mm / s~0.003mm / s; J is the hydraulic gradient, which is taken as 1.0; ts is the penetration time (s), which is taken as ≤12h.

[0012] According to calculation, the effective area of ​​the entire strip opening region accounts for no less than 40% of the total area of ​​the lower part of the planting pot, ensuring that the retained rainwater flows into the well chamber after infiltration through the soil layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the well chamber includes a well chamber foundation located at the bottom of the well chamber, and a well chamber side wall located on the side of the well chamber, wherein the well chamber foundation adopts a C15 concrete foundation, and the well chamber side wall is a brick side wall, using M10 cement mortar to lay MU10 bricks.

[0014] Further, the gap between the well chamber and the curb is filled with C30 concrete.

[0015] Furthermore, the road surface at the opening of the curb is 4 to 5 cm lower than the surrounding road surface, and the road surface slopes toward the rainwater outlet.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for a sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for use in cities, which can effectively increase the urban green space area and reduce rainfall runoff.

[0017] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a construction method for a sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for a city, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S0. Clean the base surface;

[0019] S1. Lay the concrete foundation of the well chamber. After the concrete reaches the 3d strength, lay mortar on the concrete foundation first, and then use the one-by-one method to build the side wall of the well chamber; install the rainwater connecting pipe, which should be flush with the inner wall of the rainwater outlet, and fill the pipe mouth with mortar to make it dense;

[0020] S2. Place planting pots on the built well chamber, and lay geotextile, nutrient matrix and planting soil in sequence;

[0021] S3. After the rainwater inlet is built and installed to the specified elevation, install the well seat and the rainwater vertical grate. After the rainwater vertical grate is installed in place, use 1:2 cement mortar to firmly embed the grate around it.

[0022] The rainwater inlet is optimized and improved on the national standard vertical grate rainwater inlet, the well chamber structure is optimized, and a planting pot is arranged on the upper part of the well chamber to plant turf and flowers. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the sponge-type vertical grate rainwater inlet can effectively increase the urban green area and beautify the road landscape without increasing the cost, and reduce the rainfall runoff; the combination of turf and flowers in the planting pot can effectively improve the urban landscape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is the plan layout diagram of the rainwater outlet in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is the AA cross-sectional view of the rainwater outlet in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the rainwater outlet BB in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a plan view of the planting pot in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 The present invention is a flow chart of the construction method of the sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlets in the 32 road section.

[0029] The figure includes: well chamber 1, planting pot 2, cast iron grate 3, planting lawn 4, curb 5, rainwater pipe 6, sidewalk paving 7, concrete foundation 8, brick side wall 9, C30 concrete filling 10, crushed stone cushion 11, C20 cement concrete 12, C30 prefabricated cement concrete flat stone 13, well wall opening 14, geotextile 15, nutrient matrix 16, planting soil 17, strip hole 18, sponge type vertical grate rainwater outlet 19 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described below by describing a preferred specific embodiment in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their description are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown; a sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet, which comprises: a well chamber 1, a planting pot 2 and a cast iron grate 3.

[0032] The top surface of the planting pot 2 is flush with the top surface of the sidewalk pavement 7. Geotextile, nutrient matrix and planting soil are arranged in the planting pot in sequence. The well chamber 1 is located directly below the planting pot 2. The gap between the well chamber 1 and the curb 5 is filled with C30 concrete. The opening size of the brick side wall of the well chamber (on the curb side) is 680x150mm. The well chamber contains a DN200HDPE rainwater pipe 6.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, curbstones are set on the side of the roadway, the bottom of the roadway is a crushed stone cushion layer 11, C20 cement concrete 12, and the surface of the roadway is C30 prefabricated cement concrete flat stone 13. The water-collecting cast iron grate is embedded in the curbstone 5. The road surface near the water inlet is 5 cm lower than the surrounding road surface, and the road surface slopes toward the rainwater outlet. The rainwater on the road surface flows into the well chamber along the water-collecting cast iron grate and is discharged into the urban rainwater pipe network through the rainwater connecting pipe.

[0034] The finished planting pot mentioned above, wherein:

[0035] The dimensions are 1160x 980x210mm (length x width x height), and 25mm thick.

[0036] The finished planting pot mentioned above, wherein:

[0037] The material is polymer material, and the technical parameters are as follows:

[0038]

[0039] The finished planting pot mentioned above, wherein:

[0040] From bottom to top, geotextile (0.5 cm thick), nutrient matrix (3 cm thick) and planting soil (15 cm thick) are laid respectively.

[0041] The finished planting pot mentioned above, wherein:

[0042] There is a strip opening at the bottom, and the entire opening range is 680x420mm (length x width), of which the small hole size is 420x10mm (length x width).

[0043] The well chamber as described above, wherein:

[0044] The net dimensions of the well chamber are 680x 380x 790mm (length x width x height).

[0045] The well chamber as described above, wherein:

[0046] The well chamber is made of brickwork, with M10 cement mortar and MU10 bricks.

[0047] The well chamber as described above, wherein:

[0048] Well chamber foundation C15 concrete foundation, 10cm thick.

[0049] The well chamber as described above, wherein:

[0050] The rainwater connecting pipe in the well chamber adopts bottom flat connection.

[0051] The above-mentioned water-collecting cast iron grate, wherein:

[0052] The cast iron grate measures 680 x 150 mm (length x width) and is 100 mm thick.

[0053] Example

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the top surface of the planting pot is flush with the top surface of the sidewalk bricks, and the planting pot is arranged with geotextile (0.5 cm thick), nutrient matrix (3 cm thick), and planting soil (15 cm thick) from bottom to top. Shallow root plants and flowers can be planted in the pot.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the water-collecting cast iron grate is embedded in the curbstone. The road surface at the water inlet is 5cm lower than the surrounding road surface, and the road surface slopes toward the rainwater inlet. The gap between the brick outer wall of the well chamber and the curbstone is filled with C30 concrete to ensure that rainwater does not penetrate into the road surface. The opening size of the brick wall of the well chamber (on the curbstone side) is 680x150mm. Rainwater on the road surface enters the opening along the water-collecting cast iron grate and falls into the well chamber.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides a construction method for a sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for use in a city, which comprises the following steps:

[0057] S0. Clean the foundation surface and check the size, position and elevation;

[0058] S1. Lay a 10cm thick concrete base plate. After the concrete reaches 3d strength, spread mortar on the base plate surface first, and then use the one-by-one method for masonry. The DN200HDPE pipe should be installed flush with the inner wall of the rainwater inlet, and the pipe mouth should be filled with mortar to make it dense.

[0059] S2. Place planting pots on the built well chamber, and lay geotextile, nutrient matrix and planting soil in sequence;

[0060] S3. After the rainwater inlet is built and installed to the specified elevation, the well seat and rain grate should be installed in time. After the vertical rainwater grate is installed in place, the grate should be firmly embedded with 1:2 cement mortar around it.

[0061] Compared with the existing technology, the use of sponge-type vertical grate rainwater inlets can effectively increase the urban green space area and reduce the rainfall runoff; at the same time, it also prevents the risk of cast iron manhole covers being stolen. The combination of turf and flowers in the planting pots can also effectively improve the urban landscape.

[0062] The use of sponge-type vertical grate rainwater inlets in road and drainage projects will further promote the implementation of the sponge city design concept.

[0063] Taking a road with a section of 32m in the city as an example, a road length of 10km is taken as the research object (as shown in the figure and table below). After calculation, after using the sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet 19, the runoff reduction percentage is 11.1%, which has a significant runoff reduction effect.

[0064] Sponge type vertical screen rainwater outlet runoff reduction results table

[0065]

[0066] Note: The rainwater runoff of sponge city facilities is calculated according to the formula V = 10·H·ψ·F.

[0067] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After reading the above content, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will occur. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sponge-type vertical grate rainwater inlet for use in cities, comprising a curbstone and a well chamber arranged on one side of the curbstone, characterized in that A hole is opened in the curbstone, and the hole is connected to the well chamber through the hole. A water collecting grate is embedded in the curbstone opening, a rainwater connecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the well chamber, a planting pot is arranged above the well chamber, and the top surface of the planting pot is flush with the top surface of the sidewalk pavement. Geotextile, nutrient matrix, and planting soil are arranged in the planting pot from bottom to top. The thickness of the geotextile in the planting pot is 0.4-0.6cm, the thickness of the nutrient matrix is ​​2.5-3.5cm, and the thickness of the planting soil is 12-18cm, wherein the thickness of the nutrient matrix and the thickness of the planting soil are controlled according to 1:

5. A strip opening area is provided at the bottom of the planting pot, and a plurality of strip grooves are arranged in the strip opening area. The effective area of ​​the entire strip opening area is calculated according to the formula For calculation, W is the infiltration volume of the infiltration facility, which is taken as 0.005~0.01 m3; β is the safety factor, which is taken as 1.0; K is the soil permeability coefficient (m / s), which is taken as 0.002mm / s~0.003mm / s; J is the hydraulic gradient, which is taken as 1.0; ts is the infiltration time (s), which is taken as ≤12h.

2. A sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for use in cities as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The well chamber comprises a well chamber foundation located at the bottom of the well chamber and a well chamber side wall located at the side of the well chamber, wherein the well chamber foundation adopts a C15 concrete foundation, and the well chamber side wall is a brick side wall, and MU10 bricks are laid with M10 cement mortar.

3. A sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for use in cities as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The gap between the well chamber and the curb is filled with C30 concrete.

4. A sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for use in cities as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The road surface at the opening of the curb is 4 to 5 cm lower than the surrounding road surface, and the road surface slopes toward the stormwater outlet.

5. A construction method for a sponge-type vertical grate rainwater outlet for use in a city as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: S0. Clean the base surface; S1. Lay the concrete foundation of the well chamber. After the concrete reaches the 3d strength, lay mortar on the concrete foundation first, and then use the one-by-one method to build the side wall of the well chamber; install the rainwater connecting pipe, which should be flush with the inner wall of the rainwater outlet, and fill the pipe mouth with mortar to make it dense; S2. Place planting pots on the built well chamber, and lay geotextile, nutrient matrix and planting soil in sequence; S3. After the rainwater inlet is built and installed to the specified elevation, install the well seat and the rainwater vertical grate. After the rainwater vertical grate is installed in place, use 1:2 cement mortar to firmly embed the grate around it.

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