A wheel distance adjustment device for high ground clearance field plant protection

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a wheel track adjustment device for field plant protection with high ground clearance, comprising a crossbeam frame, an adjusting sleeve mounted on both ends of the crossbeam frame, and two push hydraulic cylinders, wherein piston rods of the push hydraulic cylinders are horizontally and outwardly connected to transmission housings on the inner sides of two wheels respectively, and the upper ends of the transmission housings are connected to the adjusting sleeves; lubricating oil holes are opened on the side walls of the adjusting sleeves, and the lubricating oil holes are connected to the hydraulic oil circuit outside the push hydraulic cylinders through lubricating oil pipes; a distance sensor is installed on the inner side of the transmission housing, and the distance sensor is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is also electrically connected to an electromagnetic reversing valve that controls the push hydraulic oil circuit; a transmission shaft assembly is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the push hydraulic cylinder, and the left and right output half shafts of a differential respectively transmit power to a transmission gear through the transmission shaft assembly to drive the wheels to rotate. The device can realize automatic adjustment of the wheel track according to operation needs, and can perform real-time monitoring during the wheel track adjustment process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular to a wheel distance adjustment device for high-ground-clearance field plant protection. Background Art

[0002] my country is a large agricultural country, and field plant protection operations are an important part of ensuring high agricultural yields. With the continuous development of my country's agriculture, field plant protection operations have gradually transformed from traditional manpower operations to agricultural machinery operations and agricultural aircraft operations. High-clearance field plant protection vehicles are generally welcomed by farmers because of their advantages such as time saving, high efficiency, and stable operating performance. However, the wheelbase of traditional plant protection vehicles cannot be adjusted after leaving the factory, and the row spacing between different crops, different regions, and different plots in my country's agriculture is different. The same plant protection vehicle will cause serious seedling crushing when operating under different operating conditions. Therefore, designing a high-clearance field plant protection vehicle with adjustable wheelbase is particularly important for the development of my country's agriculture. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects and problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a wheel distance adjustment device for high-ground-clearance field plant protection.

[0004] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a wheel distance adjustment device for field plant protection with high ground clearance, comprising a crossbeam frame installed on a vehicle chassis, an adjustment sleeve mounted on both ends of the crossbeam frame, and two horizontal push hydraulic cylinders symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the crossbeam frame, the cylinder seat of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder is installed on the differential case in the middle of the crossbeam frame, the piston rod of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder is horizontally connected to the transmission case on the inner side of the two wheels respectively, and the upper end of the transmission case is connected to the adjustment sleeve; a lubricating oil hole is opened on the side wall of the adjustment sleeve, the lubricating oil hole is connected to the hydraulic oil circuit outside the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder through a lubricating oil pipe, and a one-way valve is respectively installed at both ends of the connection between the lubricating oil pipe and the hydraulic oil circuit;

[0005] A distance sensor is installed on the inner side of the transmission box, the distance sensor is electrically connected to the controller, the controller is electrically connected to the display, and the controller is also electrically connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve that controls the horizontal push hydraulic oil circuit;

[0006] A transmission shaft assembly is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the push hydraulic cylinder, and the transmission shaft assembly includes a driving shaft, a driven shaft, an output shaft and a double sprocket. The driving shaft is connected to the differential output half shaft through the double sprocket, and the driven shaft is connected to the output shaft through the double sprocket. The double sprocket includes two sub-sprockets respectively mounted on the ends of the two shafts and two sub-chains mounted on the sub-sprockets, and the two sub-chains are connected by a connecting pin; a prismatic sleeve is arranged at the end of the driving shaft, and a prismatic shaft section is arranged at the end of the driven shaft, and the prismatic shaft section of the driven shaft can slide in the prismatic sleeve of the driving shaft; upper and lower transmission gears meshing with each other are arranged in the transmission box body, the upper transmission gear is mounted on the output shaft, and the lower transmission gear is mounted on the wheel shaft, and the left and right output half shafts of the differential respectively transmit power to the transmission gears through the transmission shaft assembly to drive the wheels to rotate.

[0007] Furthermore, a fixing seat is installed on the differential housing, and the cylinder seat of the push hydraulic cylinder is installed on the fixing seat; a connecting ear is installed on the transmission case, and the piston rod of the push hydraulic rod is connected to the transmission case through the connecting ear.

[0008] Furthermore, positioning bolt holes are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the adjusting sleeve, and an adjusting bolt is arranged in the positioning bolt hole. One end of the adjusting bolt passes through the positioning bolt hole and abuts against the crossbeam frame.

[0009] Furthermore, a lubricating oil groove is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve, the lubricating oil hole is located in the middle of the lubricating oil groove, and the lubricating oil groove is provided with a plurality of groove diameters radiating outward from the lubricating oil hole in the middle.

[0010] Furthermore, the lubricating oil groove is a "M"-shaped oil groove.

[0011] Furthermore, a prismatic groove is provided on the shaft end surface where the two sub-sprockets are located, and a prismatic connecting shaft is installed in the prismatic groove.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the present invention: A wheel track adjustment device for high-ground clearance field plant protection of the present invention adopts a slider-type adjustment mechanism, which has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The left and right wheel tracks can be designed to be adjusted synchronously or asynchronously as required, so that the wheel tracks of the left and right wheels can be adjusted simultaneously or separately; the wheel track is pushed by a hydraulic cylinder to achieve continuous adjustment of the wheel track; the transmission shaft adopts a double sprocket connection, which is convenient for the installation of the transmission shaft and the disassembly of the later maintenance; a lubricating oil circuit is provided in the hydraulic oil circuit, and the hydraulic oil can enter the inner side of the sliding sleeve through the oil filling hole in the sliding sleeve through the one-way valve between the oil circuits at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder during the wheel track adjustment process, which can ensure that the friction between the adjusting sliding sleeve and the crossbeam frame is reduced when adjusting the wheel track, and the "M"-shaped oil groove can speed up the lubrication rate. The device can realize automatic adjustment of the wheel track according to the operation needs through automatic control mechanisms such as distance sensors and controllers, and can perform real-time monitoring during the wheel track adjustment process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 A top view of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission shaft assembly Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission shaft assembly Figure 2 ;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double sprocket;

[0019] Figure 7 This is the hydraulic oil circuit diagram;

[0020] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic oil circuit structure;

[0021] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lubricating oil tank.

[0022] In the figure: 1-beam frame, 2-adjusting sleeve, 3-push hydraulic cylinder, 4-differential case, 5-differential output half shaft, 6-driving shaft, 61-prismatic sleeve, 7-driven shaft, 71-prismatic shaft section, 8-double sprocket, 81-sub-sprocket, 82-sub-chain, 83-connecting pin, 84-prismatic connecting shaft, 9-output shaft, 10-transmission case, 11-distance sensor, 12-controller, 13-display, 14-lubricating oil hole, 15-lubricating oil pipe, 16-hydraulic oil circuit, 17-check valve, 18-lubricating oil groove, 19-fixed seat, 20-connecting ear, 21-positioning bolt hole, 23-electromagnetic reversing valve, 24-hydraulic oil tank, 25-hydraulic pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1: A wheel distance adjustment device for high-ground clearance field plant protection, such as Figure 1-9As shown, it includes a crossbeam frame 1 installed on the chassis of the vehicle, the crossbeam frame is located above the wheel axle, a differential case 4 is installed in the middle of the crossbeam frame 1, two fixing seats 19 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the differential case 4, the cylinder seat of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder 3 is installed on the fixing seat 19, the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder is placed horizontally, and the piston rod of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected to the transmission case 10 through a connecting ear 20, wherein the transmission case 10 is located on the inner side of the wheel, and a connecting ear 20 is installed on the inner side of the transmission case. The piston rod of the pressure rod 3 is fixedly connected to the connecting ear by bolts; the two ends of the cross beam frame 1 are respectively provided with adjusting sleeves 2, and the lower end of the adjusting sleeve 2 is fixedly welded or bolted to the upper end of the transmission box 10. When the piston rod of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder 3 is extended and retracted, the piston rod of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder 3 pushes the transmission box 10 outward or pulls the transmission box 10 inward horizontally, and the transmission box 10 is fixedly connected to the adjusting sleeve 2, thereby driving the adjusting sleeve 2 to move horizontally along the cross beam frame 1, so that the wheel position moves to adjust the wheel width between the two wheels. Positioning bolt holes 21 are respectively opened on the front and rear sides of the adjusting sleeve 2, and internal threads are provided in the holes. Adjusting bolts are arranged in the positioning bolt holes. After the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder 3 adjusts the wheel width to the target distance, the adjusting bolts are screwed in, so that one end of the adjusting bolt passes through the positioning bolt hole 21 and is tightened to abut against the cross beam frame 1, and the adjusting sleeve is fixedly installed on the cross beam frame 1. In addition, in order to ensure that the adjusting sleeve 2 can be smoothly displaced on the cross beam, a lubricating oil hole 14 is further opened on the upper wall or side wall of the adjusting sleeve 2. The lubricating oil hole 14 is connected to the hydraulic oil circuit 16 outside the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder through a lubricating oil pipe 15. In the hydraulic oil circuit 16, a one-way valve 17 is connected between the oil circuits at both ends of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder 3. When the wheelbase increases, the oil circuit without the piston push rod end can enter the inner side of the adjusting sleeve 2 through the lubricating oil hole 14 on the adjusting sleeve 2 through the one-way valve 17; when the wheelbase becomes smaller, the oil circuit at the piston push rod end can enter the inner side of the adjusting sleeve through the lubricating oil hole 14 on the adjusting sleeve through the one-way valve 17, thereby achieving that only during the process of wheelbase adjustment, the hydraulic oil can enter the lubricating oil pipe 15 of the sleeve hydraulic oil circuit, further reducing the friction between the adjusting sleeve and the cross beam. At the same time, a lubricating oil groove 18 is also provided on the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve 2. The lubricating oil hole is located in the middle of the lubricating oil groove. The lubricating oil groove 18 is provided with multiple groove diameters radiating outward from the lubricating oil hole 14 in the middle. In this embodiment, a "M"-shaped lubricating oil groove is provided on the inner side of the sleeve to speed up the lubrication rate.

[0025] A distance sensor 11 is installed on the inner side of the transmission case 10, and the distance sensor 11 is electrically connected to the controller 12, and the controller 12 is electrically connected to the display 13. The controller 12 is also electrically connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve 23 that controls the horizontal push hydraulic oil circuit; during the wheelbase adjustment process, the wheelbase distance can be set and adjusted according to the operation needs, and the wheelbase adjustment instruction is converted into an electrical signal by the controller 12 to control the electromagnetic reversing valve 23 to adjust the hydraulic oil circuit. The controller 12 can convert the signal monitored by the distance sensor into a digital signal, so that the wheelbase can be monitored in real time during the wheelbase adjustment process through the display 13.

[0026] A transmission shaft assembly is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder 3, and the transmission shaft assembly includes a driving shaft 6, a driven shaft 7, an output shaft 9 and a double sprocket 8. The driving shaft 6 is connected to the differential output half shaft 5 through the double sprocket 8, wherein the double sprocket 8 includes two sub-sprockets 81 respectively mounted on the end of the differential output half shaft and the end of the driving shaft, and two sub-chains 82 are respectively mounted on the two sub-sprockets, and the two sub-chains are connected by a connecting pin 83, so that the power of the differential output half shaft 5 is transmitted to the driving shaft 6 through the sub-chains and the sub-sprockets; similarly, the driven shaft 7 is connected to the output shaft 9 through the double sprocket 8 with the same structure, that is, a sub-sprocket is mounted on the end of the driven shaft 7 and the end of the output shaft 9, and two sub-chains are respectively mounted on the two sub-sprockets, and the two sub-chains are connected by a connecting pin, and prismatic grooves are respectively arranged on the shaft end faces where the two sub-sprockets are located. A prismatic connecting shaft 84 is installed in the prismatic groove, so that the power of the driven wheel is transmitted to the output shaft through the double sprocket; a prismatic sleeve 61 is provided on the end of the driving shaft 6 connected to the driven shaft, and a prismatic shaft section 71 is provided on the end of the driven shaft 7 connected to the rotating shaft. The prismatic shaft section 71 of the driven shaft can slide in the prismatic sleeve 61 of the driving shaft, thereby realizing the adjustable length of the entire transmission shaft assembly, that is, when the piston rod of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder is extended and retracted, the driving shaft 6 and the driven shaft 7 slide accordingly; upper and lower transmission gears that mesh with each other are installed in the transmission box 10, the upper transmission gear is mounted on the output shaft 9, and the lower transmission gear is mounted on the wheel shaft. The power of the left and right output half shafts 5 of the differential is transmitted to the wheel shaft through the driving shaft 6, the driven shaft 7, the output shaft 9, the upper transmission gear, and the lower transmission gear respectively, thereby driving the wheel to rotate.

[0027] When adjusting the wheelbase, first reduce the speed of the plant protection vehicle and start the wheelbase adjustment switch. When designing, the left and right wheelbase adjustments can be controlled by one switch, or two switches can be designed to control the start of the left and right wheelbase adjustments respectively. When adjusting, first adjust the wheelbase on one side, and then adjust the wheelbase on the other side until the current operation requirements are met.

Claims

1. A wheel distance adjustment device for high ground clearance field plant protection, characterized in that: It includes a crossbeam frame installed on the vehicle chassis, an adjusting sleeve mounted on both ends of the crossbeam frame, and two push hydraulic cylinders symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the crossbeam frame, the cylinder seat of the push hydraulic cylinder is installed on the differential case in the middle of the crossbeam frame, the piston rod of the push hydraulic cylinder is horizontally connected to the transmission case on the inner sides of the two wheels respectively, and the upper end of the transmission case is connected to the adjusting sleeve; a lubricating oil hole is opened on the side wall of the adjusting sleeve, the lubricating oil hole is connected to the hydraulic oil circuit outside the push hydraulic cylinder through a lubricating oil pipe, and one-way valves are respectively installed at both ends of the connection between the lubricating oil pipe and the hydraulic oil circuit; a distance sensor is installed on the inner side of the transmission case, the distance sensor is electrically connected to the controller, the controller is electrically connected to the display, and the controller is also electrically connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve that controls the push hydraulic oil circuit; the lower end of the push hydraulic cylinder A transmission shaft assembly is arranged horizontally, and the transmission shaft assembly includes a driving shaft, a driven shaft, an output shaft and a double sprocket. The driving shaft is connected to the differential output half shaft through the double sprocket, and the driven shaft is connected to the output shaft through the double sprocket. The double sprocket includes two sub-sprockets respectively mounted on the ends of the two shafts and two sub-chains mounted on the sub-sprockets, and the two sub-chains are connected by a connecting pin. A prismatic sleeve is arranged at the end of the driving shaft, and a prismatic shaft section is arranged at the end of the driven shaft, and the prismatic shaft section of the driven shaft can slide in the prismatic sleeve of the driving shaft; upper and lower transmission gears meshing with each other are arranged in the transmission box body, the upper transmission gear is mounted on the output shaft, and the lower transmission gear is mounted on the wheel shaft. The left and right output half shafts of the differential respectively transmit power to the transmission gears through the transmission shaft assembly to drive the wheels to rotate; In the hydraulic oil circuit, a one-way valve is connected between the oil circuits at both ends of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder. When the wheelbase increases, the oil circuit at the piston push rod end enters the inner side of the adjusting sleeve through the lubricating oil hole on the adjusting sleeve through the one-way valve; when the wheelbase decreases, the oil circuit at the piston push rod end enters the inner side of the adjusting sleeve through the lubricating oil hole on the adjusting sleeve through the one-way valve; a lubricating oil groove is also arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve, the lubricating oil hole is located in the middle of the lubricating oil groove, and the lubricating oil groove is provided with multiple groove diameters radiating outward from the lubricating oil hole in the middle; a fixing seat is installed on the differential case, and the cylinder seat of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder is installed on the fixing seat; a connecting ear is installed on the transmission case, and the piston rod of the horizontal push hydraulic cylinder is connected to the transmission case through the connecting ear; positioning bolt holes are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the adjusting sleeve, and adjusting bolts are arranged in the positioning bolt holes, and one end of the adjusting bolt passes through the positioning bolt hole and rests on the crossbeam frame; the lubricating oil groove is a "M"-shaped oil groove.

2. The high-ground-clearance field plant protection wheel distance adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A prism groove is arranged on the shaft end surface where the two sub-sprocket wheels are located, and a prism connecting shaft is installed in the prism groove.

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