Friction deceleration braking device for air-dropping test vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a friction deceleration braking device for an air-drop test vehicle. The friction deceleration braking device includes a friction belt, a friction plate mounting seat, a spring expansion assembly, a connecting rod, a slider assembly, a guiding assembly, a return spring and a friction plate. A friction plate is provided on the friction plate mounting seat. The spring expansion assembly is hinged to the friction plate mounting seat. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the spring expansion assembly and the other end is connected to the slider assembly. The slider assembly slides along a preset track of the guiding assembly. The friction belts are arranged on both sides outside the track of the test vehicle. The return spring connects the test vehicle and the slider assembly. When the friction plate contacts the friction belt, frictional force is generated and transmitted to the spring expansion assembly and the connecting rod in sequence. The present invention uses the friction braking method for deceleration, which not only has a good deceleration effect, but also does not require an external energy or power source, has a low requirement for the strength of the test vehicle itself, has a fast and stable braking, and is convenient and easy to operate for recovering the test vehicle. It is a good braking device for the test vehicle in the stockyard experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a friction deceleration braking device for an airdrop test vehicle, belonging to the field of heavy equipment, especially the field of heavy equipment airdrop test equipment. Background Art

[0002] In heavy equipment airdrop test equipment, it is usually necessary to test the impact resistance of the cargo platform or goods during the airdrop process. That is, through the airdrop test equipment, the test object (simulating airdropped materials) is released at a specified height with a certain horizontal speed and vertical speed, and the impact resistance of the test object when it lands is tested. During this test process, the test object is usually suspended on the test vehicle, and the test vehicle and the test object slide freely along an inclined track with a certain slope under their own gravity. After sliding to the specified height to obtain the horizontal speed and vertical speed measured in the experiment, the test object is separated from the test vehicle through a decoupling device, and the test object makes a landing motion to further measure its landing parameters. After the test vehicle and the test object are separated, a set of devices are required to force the test vehicle to decelerate until it stops sliding. Since this experimental process is an aerial operation and has certain risks, whether the deceleration device can achieve effective braking is a decisive factor for the reliable operation of the equipment. The test vehicle slides at a high speed and is in an accelerating state on the inclined track all the time. It is difficult to achieve effective braking by using traditional braking methods. Moreover, traditional methods all require an additional power device. Since the test vehicle slides very fast, it is not suitable to connect an external power source. If a power device is installed inside the test vehicle, it will inevitably greatly increase the own mass of the test vehicle, which is more unfavorable for the deceleration braking of the test vehicle. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a braking device suitable for a heavy equipment airdrop test vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems such as poor braking effect of the existing braking device and the need to rely on external power, and obtain a friction deceleration braking device.

[0004] To achieve one of the above invention purposes, the technical solution of the friction deceleration braking device for an airdrop test vehicle adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The friction deceleration brake device for the airdrop test vehicle comprises a friction belt, a friction plate mounting seat, a spring expansion assembly, a connecting rod, a slider assembly, a guide assembly, a reset spring and a friction plate. The friction plate mounting seat is provided with a friction plate, the spring expansion assembly is hinged with the friction plate mounting seat, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the spring expansion assembly and the other end is connected to the slider assembly, the slider assembly slides along the preset track of the guide assembly, the friction belt is arranged on both sides outside the track of the test vehicle, the reset spring connects the test vehicle and the slider assembly, and the friction plate generates friction when it contacts the friction belt, which is sequentially transmitted to the spring expansion assembly and the connecting rod. That is, the fixedly connected friction plate mounting seat, the spring expansion assembly, the connecting rod, the slider assembly, the guide assembly and the reset spring constitute a whole. That is, one end of the spring expansion assembly is connected to the friction plate mounting seat, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the spring expansion assembly, and the other end is connected to the slider assembly, and the two groups of brake assemblies of the front axle are connected to the two groups of brake assemblies of the rear axle through the slider assembly. When the friction plate contacts the friction belt, friction generates friction, which is sequentially transmitted to the spring expansion assembly and the connecting rod. When the test vehicle moves forward, the friction force is transmitted from the friction plate on the friction plate mounting seat to the spring tensioning assembly. After buffering, the test vehicle slowly decelerates to a complete stop. The connecting rod can offset the friction force after being affected by the friction plate on both sides, avoiding the friction force from being transmitted to the test vehicle. When the test vehicle moves backward, external force acts on the slider assembly, and the slider assembly drives the connecting rod and the spring tensioning assembly to move, so that the friction plate on the friction plate mounting seat is released from contact with the friction belt, so that the test vehicle can be smoothly pulled back to the predetermined track.

[0006] Preferably, the spring tensioning assembly comprises a spring and spring mounting seats arranged at both ends of the spring, the two spring mounting seats (32) being a hinged friction plate mounting seat and a hinged connecting rod.

[0007] More preferably, the friction deceleration brake device comprises a guide cylinder, which is arranged at the bottom of the test vehicle, and two spring mounting seats and springs are arranged in the guide cylinder, and the spring mounting seat moves along the inner wall of the guide cylinder. The guide cylinder fixes and limits the expansion and contraction direction of the spring, and the expansion and contraction direction of the spring is perpendicular to the movement direction of the test vehicle, and can directly receive the pressure from the friction plate, and in the process of the test vehicle going back and forth, it deflects at a certain angle driven by the connecting rod and drives the friction plate to leave the friction belt.

[0008] Preferably, the slider assembly is in an "I" shape, with two parallel arms located at the front axle and rear axle sides, and the vertical arm is consistent with the travel direction of the test vehicle. The "I"-shaped slider assembly connects the connecting rods at the four wheels together, plays a role of connection and fixation, and is connected to the connecting rod in an articulated manner, which can facilitate the change of the relative connection angle when subjected to force, making the test vehicle move forward more stably and more labor-saving and convenient when pulling back.

[0009] Preferably, the number of friction plate mounts, spring tensioning assemblies, and connecting rods is four each. Four friction plates are provided on the four friction plate mounts. That is to say, a set of fixedly connected friction plates, friction plate mounts, spring tensioning assemblies, and connecting rods are provided at each of the four wheels of the test vehicle. Such a setting method ensures the braking effect of the test vehicle and also ensures the stability and uniform movement of the test vehicle during the experiment.

[0010] Preferably, the friction plate is hinged to the side of the friction plate mount in contact with the friction belt.

[0011] Preferably, the friction belt is provided with a flared opening on the entry side of the test vehicle. The flared opening facilitates the smooth entry of the test vehicle into the friction belt and can play a role in guiding the test vehicle and providing pre-deceleration.

[0012] Preferably, the guiding assembly includes two guiding blocks. The two guiding blocks are respectively provided on both sides of the vertical arm of the slider assembly, and the length of the vertical arm is greater than the length of the guiding block. The slider assembly moves along the direction restricted by the guiding assembly, and the moving distance is the difference between the lengths of the vertical arm and the guiding block.

[0013] Preferably, the return spring provided on the center line can connect the slider assembly and the test vehicle more stably. When pulling the test vehicle back to the preset position, the application direction of the external force is also on the center line of the test vehicle, and the direction is opposite to the experimental movement direction of the test vehicle.

[0014] The distance between the friction plates of the front axle is equal to the distance between the friction plates of the rear axle, and both are greater than the distance between the friction belts. Therefore, when the vehicle moves forward, the reverse force that reduces the distance between the friction plates can provide a certain pressure for the friction plates, making the contact between the friction plates and the friction belt tighter and the friction force greater. Since the preset distance between the friction plates between the front and rear axles is relatively large, during the process of pulling the test vehicle back, the slider assembly slides a certain distance along the guiding assembly and drives the pull rod and the spring tensioning assembly to have a certain displacement, so that the friction plates are pulled back and separated from the friction belt, and the test vehicle can be easily pulled back to the preset position after the friction force is released.

[0015] After the test vehicle stops, it needs to be pulled back to its original position. However, at this time, the friction plate and the friction belt are tightly combined, and the frictional force is relatively large, making it difficult to pull the test vehicle. In the friction deceleration braking device of the present invention, the slider assembly is connected to the connecting rod, and under the action of an external force, it can drive the spring tensioning assembly, the friction plate mounting assembly, and the friction plate to undergo a small displacement, separating the friction plate from the friction belt, and then driving the test vehicle to reset. The displacement of the friction plate can be calculated based on the length of the connecting rod and the length difference between the vertical arm of the slider assembly and the guiding assembly. When an external force is applied, the slider assembly slides along the direction of the external force, and the sliding distance is limited by the length difference. That is to say, the spring tensioning assembly drives the friction plate to slide a distance equal to the length difference in the direction of the external force. At the same time, since the spring tensioning assembly is fixedly connected to the slider assembly through the connecting rod, when the slider assembly slides a distance equal to the length difference along the direction of the external force, the connecting rod moves along an arc with the length of the connecting rod as the radius. Draw a circle with the length of the connecting rod as the radius, and at the same time draw a line segment with a length equal to the length difference between the slider assembly and the guiding assembly from the center of the circle. According to the Pythagorean theorem, the distance by which the friction plate is compressed with the spring compared to its original relaxed state can be calculated.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention designs the braking device by means of friction deceleration and has the following technical effects:

[0017] 1. Four groups of braking friction plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the test vehicle. The positive pressures borne by the friction plates on both sides are transmitted to the connecting rod inside the test vehicle and cancel each other out, that is, the extrusion force borne by the friction deceleration device is not transmitted to the test vehicle, thus greatly reducing the design strength and manufacturing cost of the test vehicle.

[0018] 2. The brake pad hinge seat can rotate freely around its hinge point, and along the direction of the friction belt, the brake pad can effectively rotate according to the surface condition of the brake belt to ensure full contact between the brake pad and the brake belt, thereby providing a relatively constant frictional resistance and deceleration for the test vehicle.

[0019] 3. The total compression amount of the two springs on both sides inside the spring tensioning assembly is a fixed value (dimension B minus dimension A in the figure). Even when the test vehicle deviates from the symmetric center line of the track during travel, the total frictional force provided by the friction pair to the test vehicle can always remain constant, so that uniform deceleration and smooth braking of the test vehicle can be achieved.

[0020] 4. After the test vehicle stops moving, an external force is required to pull the test vehicle to the top of the inclined track for the next dive experiment. At this time, the external force acts directly on the slider, pulling the slider to slide linearly along the guiding assembly. The slider is connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is connected to the spring tensioning assembly, thus pulling the spring tensioning assembly to slide towards the inside of the test vehicle, forcing the friction plate to separate from the friction belt. When this external force continues to act, the test vehicle can be pulled to move upward along the inclined track. Therefore, the separation of the friction plate from the friction belt does not require a power device inside the test vehicle, which not only reduces the weight of the test vehicle but also improves the stability of the system.

[0021] 5. This braking method is of a normally closed structure and remains in a braking state at all times without external force, thus improving the reliability and safety of braking.

[0022] The present invention uses the method of friction braking to decelerate, which not only has good deceleration effect, but also does not require external energy or power source, has low requirements for the strength of the test vehicle itself, has fast and stable braking, and is convenient and easy to operate for recovering the test vehicle. It is a good braking device for the test vehicle in the material yard. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the friction deceleration braking device for the air-dropped test vehicle provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the distance and dimensions of the friction deceleration braking device for the air-dropped test vehicle provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a calculation method diagram of the friction deceleration braking device for the air-dropped test vehicle provided by the present invention.

[0026] Reference Signs

[0027] 1 friction belt; 2 friction plate mounting seat; 3 spring tensioning assembly; 4 connecting rod; 5 slider assembly; 6 guiding assembly; 7 return spring; 8 test vehicle; 9 track; A distance between parallel friction belts; B distance between parallel friction plates; C length difference between the slider assembly and the guiding assembly; F external force; L length of the connecting rod; S displacement distance of the friction plate under the action of the external force F. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The following further describes the friction deceleration braking device for the air-dropped test vehicle provided by the present invention in detail and completely in combination with embodiments. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0029] The experimental methods in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0030] Such as Figures 1 - 2As shown in the figure, the friction deceleration braking device for the aerial delivery test vehicle includes: a friction belt 1, a friction plate mounting seat 2, a spring tensioning assembly 3, a connecting rod 4, a slider assembly 5, a guiding assembly 6, and a return spring 7. Two friction belts 1 are fixedly and symmetrically arranged on the two outer sides of the track 9, and the test vehicle 8 slides freely back and forth along the track 9. The friction plate mounting seat 2, the spring tensioning assembly 3, the connecting rod 4, the slider assembly 5, the guiding assembly 6, and the return spring 7 are integrated at the bottom of the test vehicle 8. Among them, four friction plate mounting seats 2 are hinged to four spring tensioning assemblies 3, and the four spring tensioning assemblies 3 are respectively connected to four connecting rods 4. The kits composed of friction plates, friction plate mounting seats, spring tensioning assemblies, and connecting rods are respectively arranged at the four wheels of the test vehicle. The distance between the friction plates of the front axle is equal to the distance between the friction plates of the rear axle, and both are greater than the distance between the friction belts 1. The friction plates are fixed to the outer side of the friction plate mounting seat 2, that is, the side where the friction plate mounting seat 2 contacts the friction belt 1. After the test vehicle 8 slides into the friction belt 1, the friction plates contact the friction belt 1. Both the surfaces of the friction belt 1 and the friction plates have relatively large frictional forces. After they come into contact, the potential energy and kinetic energy of the test vehicle can be converted to the greatest extent, playing a role in decelerating and braking. The spring tensioning assembly 3 includes a compression spring 31 and two spring mounting seats 32 arranged at both ends of the compression spring. The spring tensioning assembly 3 is installed in the guiding cylinder 10, and the guiding cylinder 10 is fixed to the bottom of the test vehicle 8, playing a role of fixing and limiting. The spring mounting seats 32 move along the inner wall of the guiding cylinder 10, ensuring that the compression spring only slides linearly within the guiding cylinder. One of the spring mounting seats 32 is hinged to the friction plate mounting seat 2, and the other is hinged to the connecting rod 4. The connecting rod 4 is hinged to the slider assembly 5 at the end where it is hinged to the spring tensioning assembly 3. The connecting rod 4 plays a role in connecting the friction plate, the spring, and the slider. The slider assembly 5 is integrally in an "I" - shaped structure. Two parallel arms are hinged to the connecting rod 4, and the vertical arm plays a role in connecting the connecting rods 4 of the front and rear axles. The setting direction of the slider assembly 5 is the same as the moving direction of the test vehicle 8, that is, the two parallel arms are perpendicular to the friction belt 1. The lengths of the four connecting rods 4 are equal, and the length of the connecting rod 4 is L. That is to say, the distance from the spring tensioning assembly 3 to the slider assembly 5 is L.

[0031] On both sides of the vertical arm of the slider assembly 5, there are guiding assemblies 6. There are two guiding blocks of the guiding assembly 6, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the vertical arm of the slider assembly 5, and the length of the vertical wall of the slider assembly 5 is greater than the length of the guiding blocks of the guiding assembly 6. The guiding assembly 6 is fixedly arranged, and the slider assembly 5 can slide linearly along the positioning guiding assembly 6. The slider assembly 5 can only slide linearly along the guiding assembly 6, and the sliding distance is the length difference between the vertical arm of the sliding assembly 5 and the length of the guiding assembly 6, as Figure 1 shown by the length C. On one of the parallel arms of the slider assembly 5 in the forward movement direction of the test vehicle 8, there is a return spring 7 connected. One end of the return spring 7 is connected to the slider assembly 5, and the other end is connected to the test vehicle 8.

[0032] One end of the friction belt 1 that first contacts the test vehicle 8 is provided with an opening in the form of a bell mouth. After the opening, there are two parallel friction belts 1. This opening facilitates the entry of the test vehicle 8 into the friction belt 1. The distance between two adjacent friction plates on different sides of the test vehicle 8 in the traveling direction is B, and the distance between the parallel friction belts 1 is A. When designing, B is greater than A. When the test vehicle enters the friction belt, since A is less than B, the compression spring in the spring tensioning assembly 3 is compressed, and the friction plate is squeezed under the action of the spring force, thereby providing frictional force. The test vehicle 8 decelerates and brakes under the action of the frictional force. When the test vehicle stops braking, the slider assembly 3 can be pulled to slide leftward along the positioning and guiding assembly 6 by an external force F for a distance C. At this time, through the connecting rod 4, the spring tensioning assembly 3 can be made to slide along the guiding cylinder of the test vehicle, so as to separate the friction plate from the friction belt 1. Under the continuous action of the external force, the test vehicle can slide out of the friction belt along the inclined rail 9. When the external force F is removed, under the action of the return spring 7, each component can return Figure 1 to the position shown. The return tension spring 7 can, on the one hand, cause the mechanism to reset, and on the other hand, overcome the inertial forces of the connecting rod 4 and the slider assembly 5, etc. during deceleration, ensuring that the entire set of devices is stable at Figure 1 the position shown.

[0033] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, after the test vehicle 8 stops, it needs to be pulled back to its original position. However, at this time, the friction plate is tightly combined with the friction belt, and the frictional force is relatively large, making it difficult to pull the test vehicle 8. In the friction deceleration braking device of the present invention, the slider assembly 5 is connected to the connecting rod 4, and under the action of the external force F, it can drive the spring tensioning assembly 3, the friction plate mounting assembly 2, and the friction plate to undergo a small displacement, separating the friction plate from the friction belt 1, and then driving the test vehicle 8 to reset. The displacement of the friction plate can be calculated based on the length L of the connecting rod 4 and the length difference C between the vertical arm of the slider assembly 5 and the guiding assembly 6. When applying the external force F, the slider assembly 5 slides along the direction of the external force, and the sliding distance is limited by the length difference C. That is to say, the spring tensioning assembly 3 drives the friction plate to slide a distance of C in the direction of the external force. At the same time, since the spring tensioning assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the slider assembly 5 through the connecting rod 4, when the slider assembly 5 slides C along the direction of the external force, the connecting rod 4 moves along an arc with a radius of L. As Figure 3 shown, draw a circle with the length L of the connecting rod 4 as the radius, and at the same time draw a line segment with a length of C starting from the center of the circle. According to the Pythagorean theorem, the distance S by which the friction plate is compressed with respect to the original relaxed state can be calculated.

[0034] Finally, it is necessary to state here: The above embodiments are only used to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the above content of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction deceleration braking device for an air-dropped test vehicle, characterized in that, The friction deceleration braking device includes a friction belt (1), a friction plate mounting seat (2), a spring tensioning assembly (3), a connecting rod (4), a slider assembly (5), a guiding assembly (6), a return spring (7) and friction plates. Friction plates are provided on the friction plate mounting seat (2). The spring tensioning assembly (3) is hinged to the friction plate mounting seat (2). One end of the connecting rod (4) is connected to the spring tensioning assembly (3) and the other end is connected to the slider assembly (5). The slider assembly (5) slides along a preset track of the guiding assembly (6). The friction belt (1) is arranged on both sides outside the track (9) of the test vehicle (8). The return spring (7) connects the test vehicle (8) and the slider assembly (5). When the friction plates contact the friction belt (1), frictional force is generated and transmitted to the spring tensioning assembly (3) and the connecting rod (4) in sequence; The spring tensioning assembly (3) includes a spring (31) and spring mounting seats (32) provided at both ends of the spring. One of the two spring mounting seats (32) is hinged to the friction plate mounting seat (2), and the other is hinged to the connecting rod (4); The friction deceleration braking device includes a guiding cylinder (10). The guiding cylinder (10) is arranged at the bottom of the test vehicle (8). Both the two spring mounting seats (32) and the spring (31) are arranged inside the guiding cylinder (10). The spring mounting seats (32) move along the inner wall of the guiding cylinder (10); The slider assembly (5) is in an "I" shape. The two parallel arms are respectively located on the front axle side and the rear axle side, and the vertical arm is in the same direction as the traveling direction of the test vehicle (8).

2. The friction deceleration braking device for an air-dropped test vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: The numbers of the friction plate mounting seats (2), the spring tensioning assemblies (3) and the connecting rods (4) are all four. Four friction plates are provided on the four friction plate mounting seats (2). The four connecting rods (4) are arranged at the four ends of the "I" shape of the slider assembly (5).

3. The friction deceleration braking device for the air-dropped test vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction plates are hinged to the side of the friction plate mounting seat (2) that contacts the friction belt (1).

4. The friction deceleration braking device for the air-dropped test vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction belt (1) is provided with a flared opening on the entry side of the test vehicle.

5. The friction deceleration braking device for the air-dropped test vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding assembly (6) includes two guiding blocks. The two guiding blocks are respectively arranged on both sides of the vertical arm of the slider assembly (5), and the length of the vertical arm is greater than the length of the guiding blocks.

6. The friction deceleration braking device for an air-dropped test vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return spring (7) is arranged on the center line of the test vehicle in the same direction as the moving direction.

7. The friction deceleration braking device for the air-dropped test vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distances between the friction plates on the front axle are equal to those between the friction plates on the rear axle, and both are greater than the distance between the friction belts (1).

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