A DC amplitude voltage power supply

Abstract

The present invention discloses a DC voltage-amplitude power supply, which includes a power input unit, a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit, an amplifier unit, a CPU control unit, and a multi-channel power output unit, wherein the input end of the power input unit is connected to a battery, the output end of the power input unit and the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit are connected to the input end of the amplifier unit, and digital signals are amplified. The output of the amplifier unit is connected to the input end of the CPU control unit, the input end of the CPU control unit is connected to the multi-channel power output unit, and the multi-channel power output unit is time-sharingly conducted. The output end of the multi-channel power output unit is connected to an electrical device, wherein the electrical device is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit via a feedback loop, and the electrical device temperature analog signal is converted into a digital signal. The DC voltage-amplitude power supply of the present invention adopts three-phase time-sharing multi-channel power supply, so that the output power of the heating element of the food preparation equipment is relatively constant, and the DC voltage-amplitude power supply is small in size and saves space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a DC power supply, in particular to a DC amplitude-voltage power supply with a chopping function used on ships. Background Art

[0002] With the development of international trade, sea transportation is a common choice for cargo transportation. Ships usually sail for a long time at sea, and electricity is needed for the operation of equipment on board and the life of crew members. Direct current is generally used for power supply on ships, such as Figure 1 As shown, when a generator generates electricity to charge batteries, there is a voltage fluctuation problem when the batteries power electrical equipment. When fully charged, the battery voltage is 650V DC. During use, the battery voltage drops, generally to 400V before charging again. During the charging process, the voltage fluctuates, causing damage to the electrical equipment. Generally, a voltage stabilizer or inverter is used between the battery and the electrical equipment to solve the voltage fluctuation problem. However, these two types of voltage stabilizers and inverters are large in size, occupying more limited space. In addition, high-power equipment generates a lot of heat, making them less adaptable on board. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized, low-power DC amplitude-voltage power supply with a chopping function for use on ships.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a DC amplitude-voltage power supply, which includes a power input unit, a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit, an amplifier unit, a CPU control unit and a multi-channel power output unit, wherein the input end of the power input unit is connected to a battery, and a voltage signal enters the power input unit when the battery is discharged, the output end of the power input unit and the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit are connected to the input end of the amplifier unit, and the digital signal is amplified, the output of the amplifier unit is connected to the input end of the CPU control unit, the input end of the CPU control unit is connected to the multi-channel power output units, and the multi-channel power output units are turned on in time, the output ends of the multi-channel power output units are connected to electrical equipment, wherein the electrical equipment is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit through a feedback loop, and the electrical equipment temperature analog signal is converted into a digital signal.

[0005] The power input unit includes an operational amplifier AR1, six resistors, a capacitor and two optoelectronic isolators, wherein the input end of the power input unit is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier AR1 through resistors R1 and R2, the negative input end of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier AR1 through capacitor C, the output end of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the anode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U1 through resistor R3, the negative input end of the operational amplifier AR1 is further grounded through resistor R5, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U1 is connected between the resistor R5 and the capacitor C, the collector output end of the optoelectronic isolator U1 is connected to a +12V power supply, the cathode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U1 is connected to the anode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U2, the cathode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is grounded, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is grounded through resistor R6, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is further connected to the input end of the amplifier unit, and the collector output end of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is connected to a +12V DC power supply.

[0006] Each analog-to-digital conversion unit includes a thermocouple, an operational amplifier AR2 and a resistor R7, wherein one end of the thermocouple is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2, and the other end is connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 through the resistor R7. The negative input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 of one analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected to a 2.5V power supply, and the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected to a +5V DC power supply through a resistor R8. At the same time, the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is grounded through a resistor R9. The output terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 of each analog-to-digital conversion unit is respectively connected to the amplifier unit through a data bus.

[0007] Each power output unit includes a DC / DC isolation power supply unit, a photoelectric isolator U5 and an insulated gate bipolar transistor connected in sequence.

[0008] The output interface of the CPU control unit is connected to the input end of the DC / DC isolation power supply unit, and the output end of the DC / DC isolation power supply unit is connected to the anode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U5. At the same time, the output end of the DC / DC isolation power supply unit is connected to the +5V DC power supply through the resistor R10, the cathode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is grounded, the collector output end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is connected to the +12V DC power supply through the resistor R11, and the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is connected to the -12V DC power supply through the resistor R12. The emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is also connected to the base of the insulated gate bipolar crystal, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar crystal is grounded, and the collector of the insulated gate bipolar crystal is connected to the resistor R13. The other end of the resistor R13 is the output end of the power output unit.

[0009] The output end of the power output unit is connected to an electrical device, and the output voltage of the output end of the power output unit is DC 380-650V.

[0010] The resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected to the ground via the resistor R4.

[0011] The analog-to-digital conversion unit has three channels, and the power output unit has three corresponding channels.

[0012] The input voltage of the power input unit is between 380V and 650V. When the voltage is higher than 400V, the CPU control unit performs chopping processing on the output voltage.

[0013] The model of the CPU control unit is 89S51, and the model of the amplifier unit is TLC1541.

[0014] The DC amplitude-voltage power supply of the present invention adopts three-phase time-sharing multi-channel power supply, so that the single-channel power switch device operates in a good low-current state, thereby reducing the heat generated by the power device, avoiding the occurrence of large peak current under high-amplitude voltage conditions, and making the output power of the heating element of the meal preparation equipment relatively constant. In addition, the DC amplitude-voltage power supply is small in size and saves space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the principle of the shipboard power supply system in the prior art;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the structure principle of the DC amplitude-voltage power supply of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the DC amplitude voltage power supply of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a waveform diagram of the output voltage of the present invention with different duty cycles under different input voltage conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, the DC amplitude-voltage power supply of the present invention includes a power input unit, a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit, an amplifier unit U3, a CPU control unit U4 and a multi-channel power output unit, wherein the input end of the power input unit is connected to a battery, and a voltage signal enters the power input unit when the battery is discharged. The output end of the power input unit and the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit are connected to the input end of the amplifier unit U3, and the digital signal is amplified. The output of the amplifier unit U3 is connected to the input end of the CPU control unit U4. The input end of the CPU control unit U4 is connected to the multi-channel power output unit, and the multi-channel power output unit is turned on in a time-sharing manner. The output end of the power output unit is connected to an electrical device, wherein the electrical device is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit through a feedback loop, and the temperature analog signal of the electrical device is converted into a digital signal.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the power input unit in the present invention includes an operational amplifier AR1 (i.e., an operational amplifier), six resistors, a capacitor and two optoelectronic isolators, wherein the input end inputs a DC voltage of 380 to 650 V, the input end is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier AR1 through resistors R1 and R2, the negative input end of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier AR1 through capacitor C, the output end of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the anode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U1 (i.e., the anode of the light-emitting diode in the optoelectronic isolator) through resistor R3, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier AR1 is further grounded through resistor R5, wherein the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are grounded through resistor R4. The emitter output terminal of the optoelectronic isolator U1 (i.e., the emitter of the phototransistor in the optoelectronic isolator) is connected between the resistor R5 and the capacitor C, the collector output terminal of the optoelectronic isolator U1 (i.e., the collector of the phototransistor in the optoelectronic isolator) is connected to the +12V power supply, the cathode input terminal of the optoelectronic isolator U1 (i.e., the cathode of the light-emitting diode in the optoelectronic isolator) is connected to the anode input terminal of the optoelectronic isolator U2, the cathode input terminal of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is grounded, the emitter output terminal of the optoelectronic isolator U2 (i.e., the emitter of the phototransistor in the optoelectronic isolator) is grounded through the resistor R6, the emitter output terminal of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is also connected to the input terminal of the amplifier unit U3, and the collector output terminal of the optoelectronic isolator U2 (i.e., the collector of the phototransistor in the optoelectronic isolator) is connected to the +12V power supply.

[0022] like Figure 3As shown, the analog-to-digital conversion unit of the present invention includes three paths, each of which includes a thermocouple V, an op amp AR2, and a resistor R7. One end of the thermocouple V is connected to the positive input of the op amp AR2, and the other end is connected to the negative input of the op amp AR2. The positive input of the op amp AR2 is connected to the output of the op amp AR2 via resistor R7. The negative input of the op amp AR2 in one of the analog-to-digital conversion units is connected to a 2.5V power supply and a +5V DC power supply via resistor R8. The negative input of the op amp AR2 is grounded via resistor R9. The thermocouples of the present invention are temperature sensors that detect the temperature of the electrical equipment and convert it into a digital signal. The output of the op amp AR2 of the three analog-to-digital conversion units and the emitter output of the optoelectronic isolator U2 are connected to terminals A0, A1, A2, and A8 of the amplifier unit U3, respectively, via a data bus.

[0023] The amplifier unit U3 in the present invention has its "LOCLK" terminal, "SYSCLK" terminal, "ADIN" terminal, selection terminal "CS" and output terminal "DOUT" connected to the IO ports P0, P1, P2, and P3 of the CPU control unit U4 through a data bus. The IO ports of the CPU control unit are respectively connected to and control the power output unit. The present invention adopts a three-way power output unit corresponding to the analog-to-digital conversion unit. The power output unit in the present invention includes a DC / DC (direct current to direct current) isolation power supply unit U6, an optoelectronic isolator U5 and an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor). Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) Q, wherein the IO port of the CPU control unit is connected to the input end of the DC / DC isolation power supply unit U6, the output end of the DC / DC isolation power supply unit U6 is connected to the anode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U5, and at the same time, the output end of the DC / DC isolation power supply unit U6 is connected to the +5V DC power supply through a resistor R10, the cathode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is grounded, the collector output end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is connected to the +12V DC power supply through a resistor R11, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is connected to the -12V DC power supply through a resistor R12, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is connected to the base of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q is grounded, the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor Q is connected to a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is the output end of the power output unit, the output voltage is DC 380~650V, and the output end is connected to the electrical equipment.

[0024] The CPU control unit in the present invention adopts assembly language for control program design, and its main working contents are: (1) performing analog-to-digital conversion sampling on the input voltage; (2) determining the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) working duty cycle according to different input voltages; (3) controlling the time-sharing conduction of the three power output units; (4) sampling the input signals of the three temperature sensors; (5) detecting the external control switch signal; and (6) turning on the CPU WATCH DOG function.

[0025] The DC amplitude-voltage power supply of the present invention is used for purely resistive loads on board, such as ovens or induction cookers of meal preparation equipment. The input voltage of the power input unit is between 380V and 650V. The present invention adopts a three-way power supply parallel working mode, that is, a three-way power output unit. According to the program set by the CPU control unit, the PWM pulse width modulation technology is adopted to conduct the three-way power supply in a three-phase time-sharing manner under different input working voltage conditions, so that the single-way power switching device works in a good low-current state, thereby reducing the heat generated by the power device, avoiding the occurrence of a large peak current under high-amplitude voltage conditions, and making the output power of the heating element of the meal preparation equipment relatively constant, thereby reducing the switching frequency of the power device, thereby reducing the heat generated by the switching device during the conversion process, and also reducing high-frequency interference. In the present invention, it is set that when the input voltage is below 400V, the power output unit is always on, and when the input voltage is above 400V, the three-way power supply is conducted in a time-sharing manner, such as Figure 4 As shown in (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e), the output voltage waveforms are when the input voltage is 380V, 430V, 480V, 530V, and 590V, respectively. It can be seen that when the input voltage is above 400V, the voltage is pulse-width modulated, i.e., chopped. Different input voltages have different duty cycle output waveforms. The higher the input voltage, the smaller the duty cycle. Secondly, the present invention detects the temperature near the heating element through a temperature sensor (thermocouple) or other detection equipment in the meal preparation equipment, and then controls the on and off of the IGBT high-power switch tube by the CPU, thereby realizing the feedback control function of the heating element temperature.

[0026] In order to improve the design parameter margin of the main power switch device, the present invention adopts the GT40T101 type IGBT tube, which has a withstand voltage of up to 1500V, a maximum current of 40A, and a switching time of less than 10us (the actual working voltage is less than 650V and the working current is less than 15A). In order to reduce the current fluctuation of the DC input line, the power output is divided into three groups that work alternately (with a phase difference of 120°). In order to improve the insulation safety of the electrical appliance, the present invention adopts high isolation voltage, optoelectronic isolator and DC / DC isolation power supply unit, wherein the optoelectronic isolator has an isolation voltage of 7500V and the DC / DC isolation voltage is 3750V, so that the control low-voltage circuit and the power drive high-voltage circuit are safely isolated. In order to improve the temperature tolerance of the temperature sensor, the present invention adopts a thermocouple as a temperature sensor, whose maximum operating temperature is 800°C (the actual operating temperature is less than 400°C). The new power supply device made using the DC amplitude-voltage power supply of the present invention is small in size and has high conversion efficiency. The voltage conversion uses non-inductive devices, and the heating system load is a purely resistive load, thereby avoiding the problem of the transformer's dynamic range resistance being complicated. The CPU control unit in the present invention may be model 89S51, the amplifier unit model TLC1541, the optoelectronic isolator model TLP521-4, and the DC / DC isolation power supply unit model SN74LS05. Table 1 below compares the performance parameters of a new power supply device fabricated using the DC amplitude-voltage power supply of the present invention with those of a conventional inverter and DC voltage regulator.

[0027] Table 1

[0028]

[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A DC voltage-amplitude power supply, comprising a power input unit, a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit, an amplifier unit, a CPU control unit, and a multi-channel power output unit, wherein the input end of the power input unit is connected to a battery, and a voltage signal enters the power input unit when the battery is discharged; the output end of the power input unit and the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit are connected to the input end of the amplifier unit, and the digital signal is amplified; the output of the amplifier unit is connected to the input end of the CPU control unit; the output end of the CPU control unit is connected to the multi-channel power output unit, and the multi-channel power output unit is turned on in a time-sharing manner; the output end of the multi-channel power output unit is connected to an electrical device, wherein the electrical device is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit via a feedback loop, and the analog temperature signal of the electrical device is converted into a digital signal; The power input unit includes an operational amplifier AR1, six resistors, a capacitor, and two optoelectronic isolators, wherein the input end of the power input unit is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier AR1 through resistors R1 and R2, the negative input end of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier AR1 through capacitor C, the output end of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the anode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U1 through resistor R3, the negative input end of the operational amplifier AR1 is further grounded through resistor R5, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U1 is connected between resistor R5 and capacitor C, the collector output end of the optoelectronic isolator U1 is connected to a +12V power supply, the cathode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U1 is connected to the anode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U2, the cathode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is grounded, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is grounded through resistor R6, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is further connected to the input end of the amplifier unit, and the collector output end of the optoelectronic isolator U2 is connected to a +12V DC power supply; Each analog-to-digital conversion unit includes a thermocouple, an operational amplifier AR2, and a resistor R7, wherein one end of the thermocouple is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2, and the other end is connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 through the resistor R7. The negative input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 of one analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected to a 2.5V power supply, and the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected to a +5V DC power supply through the resistor R8. At the same time, the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is grounded through the resistor R9. The output terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 of each analog-to-digital conversion unit is respectively connected to the amplifier unit through the data bus; Each power output unit includes a DC / DC isolation power supply unit, a photoelectric isolator U5 and an insulated gate bipolar transistor connected in sequence; The output interface of the CPU control unit is connected to the input end of the DC / DC isolation power supply unit, the output end of the DC / DC isolation power supply unit is connected to the anode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U5, and at the same time, the output end of the DC / DC isolation power supply unit is connected to the +5V DC power supply through the resistor R10, the cathode input end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is grounded, the collector output end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is connected to the +12V DC power supply through the resistor R11, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is connected to the -12V DC power supply through the resistor R12, the emitter output end of the optoelectronic isolator U5 is simultaneously connected to the base of the insulated gate bipolar crystal, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar crystal is grounded, the collector of the insulated gate bipolar crystal is connected to the resistor R13, and the other end of the resistor R13 is the output end of the power output unit; the output end of the power output unit is connected to the electrical equipment, and the output voltage of the output end of the power output unit is DC 380~650V; The resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected to the ground via the resistor R4; The analog-to-digital conversion unit is three-way, and the power output unit is a corresponding three-way; The input voltage of the power input unit is between 380V and 650V. When the voltage is higher than 400V, the CPU control unit chops the output voltage; The model of the CPU control unit is 89S51, and the model of the amplifier unit is TLC1541.

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