Hydraulic cylinder cushioning device

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydraulic cylinder buffer device, comprising: a cylinder head, a floating sleeve, and a buffer plunger; the cylinder head is provided with a mounting groove coaxially connected to the hydraulic oil passage; the floating sleeve is provided with a strong magnetic adsorption component, and the floating sleeve is disposed in the mounting groove and magnetically attached to the cylinder head. The buffer plunger is disposed on the side of the piston opposite to the cylinder head; the floating sleeve has an axially arranged central hole, coaxial with the buffer plunger, and the buffer plunger is fitted with a clearance when inserted into the central hole; the floating sleeve has an axially arranged oil passage hole, and when oil enters the passage, the hydraulic oil pushes up the floating sleeve and flows out through the oil passage hole through the gap between the floating sleeve and the cylinder head. The hydraulic cylinder buffer device of this invention, through the magnetic attraction between the floating sleeve and the cylinder head, not only provides a buffering effect, but also, when oil enters, the floating sleeve is pushed up, and the gap between the floating sleeve and the cylinder head and the oil passage hole together form a large-diameter oil passage, improving the starting speed of the hydraulic cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic drive technology, and in particular to a hydraulic cylinder buffer device. Background Technology

[0002] A hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and performs linear reciprocating motion. It has a simple structure and reliable operation. When used to achieve reciprocating motion, it eliminates the need for a speed reduction device, has no transmission backlash, and provides smooth movement. Therefore, it is widely used in the hydraulic systems of various machines.

[0003] During the operation of a hydraulic cylinder, in order to reduce the impact damage to the hydraulic cylinder caused by the load at the end of the stroke, a buffer device needs to be added at the end of the hydraulic cylinder's stroke. When the piston moves to the position close to the cylinder head, the buffer plunger on the piston and the buffer device form a small clearance fit, sealing a portion of hydraulic oil between the piston and the cylinder heads at both ends. The hydraulic oil is slowly released through the small clearance to achieve the purpose of buffering.

[0004] The inventors have discovered that the existing technology has at least the following problems: when the hydraulic cylinder starts, due to the small clearance between the buffer plunger and the buffer device, the flow path of the hydraulic oil is small, making it difficult to generate a large force, resulting in slow or even difficult start-up of the hydraulic cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic cylinder buffer device. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A hydraulic cylinder buffer device includes: a cylinder head, a floating sleeve, and a buffer plunger; the cylinder head is provided with a mounting groove coaxially communicating with a hydraulic oil passage; the floating sleeve is provided with a strong magnetic adsorption component, and the floating sleeve is disposed in the mounting groove and magnetically attached to the cylinder head; the buffer plunger is disposed on the side of the piston opposite to the cylinder head; the floating sleeve is provided with an axially oriented central hole, which is coaxially arranged with the buffer plunger, and the buffer plunger is clearance-fitted with the floating sleeve when inserted into the central hole; the floating sleeve is provided with an axially oriented oil passage hole, and when oil enters through the oil passage, the hydraulic oil pushes up the floating sleeve and flows out through the oil passage hole through the gap between the floating sleeve and the cylinder head.

[0007] In one possible design, a limiting element is provided at the upper part of the mounting groove to confine the floating sleeve within the mounting groove.

[0008] In one possible design, the limiting member is a retaining ring, the inner diameter of which is 2 to 5 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the floating sleeve.

[0009] In one possible design, the limiting element is a spring clip.

[0010] In one possible design, the outer diameter of the floating sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting groove.

[0011] In one possible design, the end of the buffer plunger has a reduced diameter structure.

[0012] In one possible design, the inner diameter of the central hole of the floating sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the oil passage.

[0013] In one possible design, the floating sleeve includes a first part and a second part formed sequentially from the inside out, the thickness of the first part being greater than the thickness of the second part, and when the first part is fitted with the cylinder head, the second part is spaced apart from the cylinder head; the strong magnetic adsorption element is disposed on the first part, and the oil passage hole is disposed on the second part.

[0014] In one possible design, the number of strong magnetic adsorption components is multiple, and the multiple strong magnetic adsorption components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the floating sleeve; and / or, the number of oil passage holes is multiple, and the multiple oil passage holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the floating sleeve.

[0015] In one possible design, the cylinder head is made of carbon steel or a carbon steel alloy.

[0016] The main advantages of the technical solution of this invention are as follows:

[0017] The hydraulic cylinder buffer device of this invention utilizes the magnetic attraction between a floating sleeve and the cylinder head. While providing a buffering effect, the floating sleeve is lifted during oil intake. The gap between the floating sleeve and the cylinder head, along with the oil passage, forms a large-diameter oil circuit, improving the starting speed of the hydraulic cylinder and achieving rapid start-up. Furthermore, the magnetic attraction component allows for a movable fit between the floating sleeve and the cylinder head, facilitating repositioning, ensuring reliable operation, a simple structure, and convenient disassembly and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and constitute a part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydraulic cylinder buffer device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a floating component in a hydraulic cylinder buffer device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A top view of a floating component in a hydraulic cylinder buffer device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a hydraulic cylinder buffer device during piston buffering, provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a hydraulic cylinder buffer device during startup, provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 1-Cylinder head, 2-Floating sleeve, 3-Buffer plunger, 4-Strong magnetic adsorption component, 5-Piston, 6-Intermediate hole, 7-Oil passage hole, 8-Limiting component. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] This invention provides a hydraulic cylinder buffer device, as shown in the attached figure. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the device includes: a cylinder head 1, a floating sleeve 2, and a buffer plunger 3. The cylinder head 1 has a mounting groove coaxially connected to the hydraulic oil passage. The floating sleeve 2 has a strong magnetic adsorption component 4, and is positioned within the mounting groove, magnetically attached to the cylinder head 1. The buffer plunger 3 is located on the side of the piston 5 opposite to the cylinder head 1. The floating sleeve 2 has an axially oriented central hole 6, coaxially aligned with the buffer plunger 3, allowing for clearance fit between the buffer plunger 3 and the floating sleeve 2 when inserted into the central hole 6. The floating sleeve 2 also has an axially oriented oil passage hole 7. When hydraulic oil enters the passage, it pushes up the floating sleeve 2, flows through the gap between the floating sleeve 2 and the cylinder head 1, and exits through the oil passage hole 7.

[0029] The working principle and beneficial effects of the hydraulic cylinder buffer device provided in the embodiments of the present invention are explained below:

[0030] During operation, when piston 5 approaches cylinder head 1, floating sleeve 2 is magnetically attracted to cylinder head 1. The hydraulic oil inside the cylinder then applies downward pressure to floating sleeve 2 in the same direction as the magnetic attraction, making the fit between floating sleeve 2 and cylinder head 1 even tighter. When piston 5 moves close to cylinder head 1, buffer piston 5 inserts into the central hole 6 of floating sleeve 2, with a clearance fit. The hydraulic oil between piston 5 and cylinder head 1 can only slowly flow out from the gap between buffer piston 5 and floating sleeve 2. The slow release of hydraulic oil causes piston 5 to slowly approach, achieving a buffering effect. A schematic diagram of this process can be found in the appendix. Figure 4 During startup, hydraulic oil flows in through the oil passage in cylinder head 1. The hydraulic pressure of the oil is greater than the magnetic attraction, causing the floating sleeve 2 to float. The hydraulic oil passes through the gap between the floating sleeve 2 and cylinder head 1 (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 5 (As shown in S1) the oil then flows out from the oil passage 7 on the floating sleeve 2. A schematic diagram of this process can be found in the attached diagram. Figure 5 The floating sleeve 2 is movably attached to the cylinder head 1, and an oil passage hole 7 is provided on the floating sleeve 2, which enlarges the oil passage diameter during oil inlet, forming a large-diameter oil passage and improving the starting speed. Furthermore, the floating sleeve 2 and the cylinder head 1 are movably attached by a magnetic adsorption component. The floating sleeve 2 operates reliably and can automatically reset, eliminating the need for other additional reset devices, simplifying the equipment structure, and making disassembly and maintenance convenient.

[0031] As can be seen, the hydraulic cylinder buffer device provided in this embodiment of the invention, through the magnetic attraction between the floating sleeve 2 and the cylinder head 1, not only provides a buffering effect, but also lifts the floating sleeve 2 when oil is introduced. The gap between the floating sleeve 2 and the cylinder head 1, together with the oil passage 7, forms a large-diameter oil passage, which improves the starting speed of the hydraulic cylinder and achieves the purpose of rapid start-up. Moreover, the floating sleeve 2 and the cylinder head 1 are movably attached through the magnetic attraction component, which is reliable in operation, simple in structure, and convenient for disassembly and maintenance.

[0032] The buffer plunger 3 is vertically connected to the side wall of the piston 5 and coaxially arranged with the piston 5, facilitating alignment with the central hole 6 of the floating sleeve 2. The fit clearance between the buffer plunger 3 and the central hole 6 can be set according to usage requirements. It is understood that the smaller the fit clearance, the stronger the buffering effect. The larger the fit clearance, the lower the requirements for machining and assembly precision. For example, the fit clearance can be 2-3 cm, such as 2 cm, 2.5 cm, or 3 cm.

[0033] The magnetic attraction force of the strong magnetic adsorption component 4 should meet the following requirements: when the piston 5 approaches the cylinder head 1, the floating sleeve 2 should fit tightly against the cylinder head 1; when oil is introduced, the gap between the floating sleeve 2 and the cylinder head 1 should be able to allow a preset amount of oil to pass through. The diameter of the oil passage hole 7 is also determined according to the required amount of oil to pass through. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive settings according to actual working conditions; specific values ​​are not given in the embodiments of this invention.

[0034] Optionally, in this embodiment of the invention, a limiting member 8 is provided at the upper part of the mounting groove to confine the floating sleeve 2 within the mounting groove. By providing the limiting member 8, the floating sleeve 2 is prevented from detaching from the cylinder head 1 and entering the cylinder body, thus avoiding its impact on the piston 5 movement, resulting in higher reliability and safety.

[0035] As an example, the limiting element 8 can be a retaining ring, with an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the floating sleeve 2, to block the floating sleeve 2. The inner diameter of the floating sleeve 2 should be chosen to be as large as possible while meeting the limiting requirements, to avoid interfering with the flow of hydraulic oil. For example, the inner diameter of the retaining ring can be 2-5 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the floating sleeve 2 (e.g., 2 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, etc.). This setting results in a smaller surface area and less space occupied by the retaining ring, which can both block the floating sleeve 2 and avoid interfering with the flow of hydraulic oil and the movement of the buffer plunger 3. The retaining ring is set on the inner wall of the mounting groove, and the upper surface of the retaining ring is flush with or slightly lower than the upper surface of the cylinder head 1. It can be understood that when the floating sleeve 2 is attached to the cylinder head 1, there is a certain gap between it and the limiting element 8, which is the upward stroke of the floating sleeve 2.

[0036] As another example, the limiting component 8 can be a spring clip, which makes elastic contact with the floating sleeve 2, and may be damaged by contact bumps or other impacts.

[0037] Optionally, in the hydraulic cylinder buffer device provided in this embodiment of the invention, the outer diameter of the floating sleeve 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting groove. Formed as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 The gap S2 shown is used to allow the floating sleeve 2 to move radially within a small range, achieving automatic alignment with the buffer plunger 3. This reduces the requirements for machining and assembly accuracy and avoids wear problems caused by axial deviation between the buffer plunger 3 and the cylinder head 1.

[0038] The gap between the floating sleeve 2 and the mounting groove can be set according to the usage requirements. For example, the difference between the outer diameter of the floating sleeve 2 and the inner diameter of the mounting groove can be 1 / 15 to 1 / 10 of the radius of the floating sleeve 2, such as 1 / 15, 1 / 12, 1 / 10, etc., or 1 to 5 cm (for example, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, etc.).

[0039] Furthermore, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 As shown, the end of the buffer plunger 3 can have a reduced diameter structure (with the diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, taking the direction shown in the attached figure as a standard). With this configuration, when the buffer plunger 3 and the floating sleeve 2 are not perfectly aligned, the smaller diameter end of the buffer plunger 3 can be inserted into the central hole. As the buffer plunger 3 moves downward, it gradually drives the floating sleeve 2 to move radially until it is fully inserted. This reduced diameter structure further reduces the difficulty of alignment.

[0040] Furthermore, to accommodate the reduced diameter structure at the end of the buffer plunger 3, a reduced diameter section can also be provided at the upper part of the intermediate hole 6. The inner diameter of this reduced diameter section gradually decreases from top to bottom, which can further reduce the difficulty of alignment and make the insertion process smoother. The generatrix of the reduced diameter structure and the reduced diameter section can be a straight line or an arc, etc.

[0041] Optionally, in this embodiment of the invention, the inner diameter of the central hole 6 of the floating sleeve 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the oil passage. With this configuration, when oil is introduced, some of the hydraulic oil impacts the floating sleeve 2, making it easier to lift the floating sleeve 2.

[0042] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the floating sleeve 2 includes a first part and a second part formed sequentially from the inside to the outside. The thickness of the first part is greater than the thickness of the second part. When the first part is attached to the cylinder head 1, the second part is spaced apart from the cylinder head 1. The strong magnetic adsorption component 4 is disposed on the first part, and the oil passage hole 7 is disposed on the second part.

[0043] This design ensures a tighter fit between the floating sleeve 2 and the cylinder head 1, while also allowing for smoother hydraulic oil flow after the floating sleeve 2 floats up.

[0044] Optionally, in embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the appendix Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple strong magnetic adsorption components 4, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the floating sleeve 2; and / or, there are multiple oil passage holes 7, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the floating sleeve 2. This configuration ensures a more uniform force distribution, guaranteeing a good fit, and the floating components remain horizontally floating during the upward movement, allowing the hydraulic oil to flow evenly and preventing any tipping force on the floating components.

[0045] The number of strong magnetic adsorption components 4 and oil passage holes 7 can be four, and the included angle between two adjacent strong magnetic adsorption components 4 and two adjacent oil passage holes 7 is 90 degrees. (See attached image) Figure 3 The diagram shows a case where there are six strong magnetic adsorption components 4 and six oil passage holes 7, with the included angle between any two adjacent strong magnetic adsorption components 4 and two adjacent oil passage holes 7 being 60 degrees. Furthermore, the strong magnetic adsorption components 4 and the oil passage holes 7 can be located on the same radius line.

[0046] The strong magnetic adsorption component 4 is made of a strong magnetic material. The floating sleeve 2 may have blind holes for accommodating the strong magnetic adsorption component 4. The strong magnetic adsorption component 4 can be installed and fixed in the blind holes by means of embedding or other methods to form an integral structure with the floating sleeve 2. Optionally, the strong magnetic adsorption component 4 can be a cylindrical structure.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure the magnetic adhesion effect, the cylinder head 1 is made of carbon steel or carbon steel alloy, which has strong adsorption force and high hardness and strength, and can meet the usage requirements.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Additionally, the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" in this document refer to the placement shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic cylinder buffer device, characterized in that, The device includes: a cylinder head (1), a floating sleeve (2), and a buffer plunger (3); The cylinder head (1) is provided with an installation groove that is coaxially connected to the hydraulic oil passage. The floating sleeve (2) is provided with a strong magnetic adsorption component (4). The floating sleeve (2) is located in the installation groove and is attached to the cylinder head (1) by magnetic force. The buffer plunger (3) is disposed on the side of the piston (5) opposite to the cylinder head (1). The floating sleeve (2) is provided with an intermediate hole (6) along the axial direction. The intermediate hole (6) is coaxially disposed with the buffer plunger (3). When the buffer plunger (3) is inserted into the intermediate hole (6), it is in clearance fit with the floating sleeve (2). The floating sleeve (2) is provided with an oil passage hole (7) along the axial direction. When oil enters the oil passage, the hydraulic oil pushes up the floating sleeve (2) and flows out from the oil passage hole (7) through the gap between the floating sleeve (2) and the cylinder head (1). The number of strong magnetic adsorption components (4) is multiple, and the multiple strong magnetic adsorption components (4) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the floating sleeve (2). The number of oil passage holes (7) is multiple, and the multiple oil passage holes (7) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the floating sleeve (2). The strong magnetic adsorption component (4) is made of strong magnetic material. The floating sleeve (2) is provided with a blind hole for accommodating the strong magnetic adsorption component (4). The strong magnetic adsorption component (4) is installed and fixed in the blind hole by an inlay method to form an integral structure with the floating sleeve (2). The cylinder head (1) is made of carbon steel or carbon steel alloy. The upper part of the mounting groove is provided with a limiting member (8) for limiting the floating sleeve (2) to be located in the mounting groove; The limiting member (8) is a retaining ring, and the inner diameter of the retaining ring is 2 to 5 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the floating sleeve (2).

2. The hydraulic cylinder buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the floating sleeve (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting groove.

3. The hydraulic cylinder buffer device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the buffer plunger (3) has a reduced diameter structure.

4. The hydraulic cylinder buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the middle hole (6) of the floating sleeve (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the oil passage.

5. The hydraulic cylinder buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating sleeve (2) includes a first part and a second part formed sequentially from the inside to the outside. The thickness of the first part is greater than the thickness of the second part. When the first part is attached to the cylinder head (1), the second part is spaced apart from the cylinder head (1). The strong magnetic adsorption component (4) is disposed on the first part, and the oil passage hole (7) is disposed on the second part.

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