An optoelectronic encoder

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optoelectronic encoder, which comprises a circuit board, a rotating shaft, a code disc and a base. The base includes a bottom plate and a support plate. Fixed components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the annular support plate. The fixed component includes a fixed plate, a driving rod, a first spring, a first hand-held block and a locking part. The driving rod penetrates through the annular support plate and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate. The middle part of the driving rod is sleeved with the first spring. The two fixed plates are relatively abutted against the outer wall of the lower part of the rotating shaft under the action of the first spring, so that there is a gap between the upper surface of the code disc and the lower surface of the circuit board. The driving rod is connected to the annular support plate through the locking part. This design reduces one bearing through the setting of the fixed component. While ensuring the air gap between the code disc and the optoelectronic conversion chip on the circuit board, the thickness of the encoder is effectively reduced, the cost is saved, the volume is small and compact, and it is more suitable for the miniaturization requirements of servo equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic measurement, and particularly relates to an optoelectronic encoder. Background Art

[0002] An optoelectronic encoder is a sensor that converts the mechanical geometric displacement of an output shaft into pulse or digital quantity through optoelectronic conversion. It is mainly applied to various numerical control devices and is currently the most widely used sensor. The optoelectronic encoder mainly consists of a code disk and an optoelectronic detection device. In a servo system, the code disk is coaxial with the motor, so the rotation of the motor drives the rotation of the code disk, and then several pulse signals are output by the optoelectronic detection device. According to the number of pulses per second of this signal, the current rotational speed of the motor can be calculated. One of the core problems of an incremental optoelectronic encoder is to accurately ensure the air gap between the code disk and the optoelectronic conversion chip on the circuit board. The integrated optoelectronic encoder is the mainstream product in the current servo market. For an integrated encoder, upper and lower bearings are required to install the rotating shaft inside, so that the rotating shaft rotates stably in the optoelectronic encoder. The setting of the two bearings makes the overall shafting size of the optoelectronic encoder easy to be fixed, resulting in defects such as large volume and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide an optoelectronic encoder with a small size.

[0004] The present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0005] An optoelectronic encoder includes a circuit board, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the circuit board, a code disk fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a base provided with a light-emitting tube. The circuit board, the rotating shaft, the code disk, and the middle of the base are all provided with a rotating shaft channel. A connecting ring rib protrudes outward from the middle of the rotating shaft, and the connecting ring rib is fixedly connected with the code disk upward. The base includes a bottom plate and a ring-shaped support plate provided around the bottom plate. The ring-shaped support plate is fixedly connected with the circuit board. Fixing components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ring-shaped support plate. The fixing component includes a fixing plate, a driving rod, a first spring, a first hand-held block, and a locking part. The driving rod penetrates through the ring-shaped support plate and is fixedly connected with the fixing plate inside the base. The outer end of the driving rod is fixedly connected with the first hand-held block. A positioning ring protrudes outward along the circumference in the middle of the driving rod. A first spring is sleeved on the middle of the driving rod. Both ends of the first spring are fixedly connected with the positioning ring and the inner wall of the ring-shaped support plate respectively. The two fixing plates are relatively abutted against the outer wall of the lower part of the rotating shaft under the action of the first spring, so that a gap is left between the upper surface of the code disk and the lower surface of the circuit board. The driving rod and the ring-shaped support plate are connected through the locking part.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the locking part is arranged above the driving rod. The locking part includes a locking plate, a locking pin, a second spring and a second hand-held block. The locking plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular support plate. The middle part of the locking pin penetrates through the locking plate. The upper end of the locking pin is fixedly connected to the second hand-held block. The upper part of the locking pin is sleeved with the second spring. Two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the second hand-held block and the locking plate. A locking groove is formed in the middle of the driving rod. The locking pin is inserted into the locking groove under the action of the second spring.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, preferably, the shape of the surface of the fixing plate in contact with the rotating shaft matches the outer surface of the rotating shaft.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, preferably, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and a fixing channel matching the shape of the fixing plate is formed at a position of the fixing ring relative to the fixing plate.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0010] The fixing plates symmetrically inserted into the fixing components on both sides of the base are acted on by the first spring and relatively abut against the lower part of the rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft is fixed in the base, ensuring the air gap between the code disc and the optoelectronic conversion chip on the circuit board. After the main shaft of the motor to be measured is locked with the rotating shaft, the driving rod is pulled outwards. Due to the action of the locking part, the fixing plate moves away from the rotating shaft. Since there is a certain gap between the lower end of the rotating shaft and the bottom plate, the rotation of the motor drives the rotation of the code disc, and the device can work normally. This design reduces one bearing through the setting of the fixing component. While ensuring the air gap between the code disc and the optoelectronic conversion chip on the circuit board, the thickness of the encoder is effectively reduced, the cost is saved, the volume is small, and it is more suitable for the miniaturization requirements of servo equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 is the front view structural sectional view of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the locking part of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 is the top view structural schematic diagram of the base part of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure: 1, main shaft; 2, rotating shaft; 3, locking bolt; 4, circuit board; 5, code disc; 6, annular support plate; 7, connecting ring rib; 8, positioning ring; 9, first spring; 10, light-emitting tube; 11, fixing ring; 12, bottom plate; 13, fixing plate; 14, second hand-held block; 15, second spring; 16, first hand-held block; 17, driving rod; 18, locking groove; 19, locking pin; 20, locking plate; 21, through hole. Detailed Embodiments

[0015] To enable those skilled in the art of the present technology to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the best embodiments.

[0016] As shown in the figure, the present invention includes a circuit board 4, a rotating shaft 2 rotatably connected to the circuit board 4, a code disk 5 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2, and a base provided with a light-emitting diode 10. A rotating shaft channel is opened in the middle of the circuit board 4, the rotating shaft 2, the code disk 5, and the base. A connecting ring rib 7 protrudes outward from the middle of the rotating shaft 2. The connecting ring rib 7 is fixedly connected upward with the code disk 5. The main shaft 1 of the motor to be tested passes through the rotating shaft channel and is connected to the rotating shaft 2 through a locking bolt 3. The base includes a bottom plate 12 and a ring-shaped support plate 6 provided around the bottom plate 12. The ring-shaped support plate 6 is fixedly connected to the circuit board 4. Fixed components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ring-shaped support plate 6. The fixed component includes a fixing plate 13, a driving rod 17, a first spring 9, a first hand-held block 16, and a locking part. A through hole 21 is opened on the surface of the fixing plate 13, so that the light-emitting diode 10 can irradiate the photosensitive chip on the circuit board 4 through the code disk 5. The driving rod 17 passes through the ring-shaped support plate 6 and is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 13 inside the base. A first hand-held block 16 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the driving rod 17. A positioning ring 8 protrudes outward along the circumference in the middle of the driving rod 17. A first spring 9 is sleeved on the middle of the driving rod 17. Both ends of the first spring 9 are fixedly connected to the positioning ring and the inner wall of the ring-shaped support plate 6 respectively. The two fixing plates 13 are relatively abutted against the outer wall of the lower part of the rotating shaft 2 under the action of the first spring 9, so that there is a gap between the upper surface of the code disk 5 and the lower surface of the circuit board 4. The driving rod 17 is connected to the ring-shaped support plate 6 through a locking part. The fixing plates 13 symmetrically inserted into the fixed components on both sides of the base are relatively abutted against the lower part of the rotating shaft 2 under the action of the first spring 9, so that the rotating shaft 2 is fixed in the base, ensuring the air gap between the code disk 5 and the optoelectronic conversion chip on the circuit board 4. After locking the main shaft 1 of the motor to be tested with the rotating shaft 2, pull the driving rod 17 outward, and the fixing plate 13 is separated from the rotating shaft 2 under the action of the locking part. Since there is a certain gap between the lower end of the rotating shaft 2 and the bottom plate 12, the rotation of the motor drives the rotation of the code disk 5, and it can work normally. This design reduces one bearing through the setting of the fixed component. While ensuring the air gap between the code disk 5 and the optoelectronic conversion chip on the circuit board 4, the thickness of the encoder is effectively reduced, saving costs, being small in size, and more suitable for the miniaturization requirements of servo equipment.

[0017] According to the above embodiments, preferably, the locking portion is disposed above the driving rod 17. The locking portion includes a locking plate 20, a locking pin 19, a second spring 15, and a second hand-held block 14. The locking plate 20 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular support plate 6. The middle of the locking pin 19 penetrates through the locking plate 20. A second hand-held block 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the locking pin 19. A second spring 15 is sleeved on the upper portion of the locking pin 19. Two ends of the second spring 15 are respectively fixedly connected to the second hand-held block 14 and the locking plate 20. A locking groove 18 is formed in the middle of the driving rod 17. The locking pin 19 is inserted into the locking groove 18 under the action of the second spring 15. After the main shaft 1 of the motor to be tested is locked with the rotating shaft 2, the driving rod 17 is pulled outwards to make the locking pin 19 inserted into the locking groove 18. At this time, the fixing plate 13 is disposed away from the rotating shaft 2 to ensure its normal operation. After the test is completed, the locking pin 19 is pulled. The driving rod 17 abuts against both sides of the rotating shaft 2 again under the action of the first spring 9. The operation is convenient and has the value of application and popularization.

[0018] According to the above embodiments, preferably, the shape of the surface of the fixing plate 13 in contact with the rotating shaft 2 matches the outer surface of the rotating shaft 2, so that the fixing plate 13 closely fits the rotating shaft 2 from both sides, making the rotating shaft 2 more firmly fixed in the base.

[0019] According to the above embodiments, preferably, a fixing ring 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 12. A fixing channel matching the shape of the fixing plate 13 is formed at a position of the fixing ring 11 opposite to the fixing plate 13, enabling the fixing plate 13 to slide relatively in the fixing channel. The setting of the fixing ring 11 plays a supporting role for the fixing plate 13, thereby preventing the rotating shaft 2 from having a longitudinal offset and further ensuring that the rotating shaft 2 is more firmly fixed in the base.

[0020] The fixing plates 13 symmetrically inserted into the fixing components on both sides of the base are abutted against the lower portion of the rotating shaft 2 relatively under the action of the first spring 9, fixing the rotating shaft 2 in the base and ensuring the air gap between the code disk 5 and the optoelectronic conversion chip on the circuit board 4. After the main shaft 1 of the motor to be tested is locked with the rotating shaft 2, the driving rod 17 is pulled outwards. Through the action of the locking portion, the fixing plate 13 is separated from the rotating shaft 2. Since there is a certain gap between the lower end of the rotating shaft 2 and the bottom plate 12, the rotation of the motor drives the rotation of the code disk 5, and then it can work normally. This design reduces one bearing through the setting of the fixing components. While ensuring the air gap between the code disk 5 and the optoelectronic conversion chip on the circuit board 4, the thickness of the encoder is effectively reduced, saving costs, being small in volume, and being more suitable for the miniaturization requirements of servo equipment.

[0021] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and retouches can be made, and these improvements and retouches should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optoelectronic encoder, comprising a circuit board, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the circuit board, a code disc fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a base provided with a light-emitting diode. A rotating shaft channel is provided in the middle of the circuit board, the rotating shaft, the code disc, and the base. A connecting ring rib protrudes outward from the middle of the rotating shaft, and the code disc is fixedly connected upward to the connecting ring rib. It is characterized in that, The base includes a bottom plate and a ring-shaped support plate provided around the bottom plate. The ring-shaped support plate is fixedly connected to the circuit board. Fixed components are symmetrically provided on both sides of the ring-shaped support plate. The fixed component includes a fixed plate, a driving rod, a first spring, a first hand-held block, and a locking portion. The driving rod penetrates through the ring-shaped support plate and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate inside the base. A first hand-held block is fixedly connected to the outer end of the driving rod. A positioning ring protrudes outward circumferentially in the middle of the driving rod. A first spring is sleeved on the middle of the driving rod. Both ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the positioning ring and the inner wall of the ring-shaped support plate respectively. The two fixed plates are relatively abutted against the outer wall of the lower part of the rotating shaft under the action of the first spring, so that there is a gap between the upper surface of the code disk and the lower surface of the circuit board. The driving rod and the ring-shaped support plate are connected through a locking portion. The locking portion is arranged above the driving rod. The locking portion includes a locking plate, a locking pin, a second spring, and a second hand-held block. The locking plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the ring-shaped support plate. The middle of the locking pin penetrates through the locking plate. A second hand-held block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the locking pin. A second spring is sleeved on the upper part of the locking pin. Both ends of the second spring are fixedly connected to the second hand-held block and the locking plate respectively. A locking groove is opened in the middle of the driving rod. The locking pin is inserted into the locking groove under the action of the second spring.

2. The optoelectronic encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the surface of the fixed plate in contact with the rotating shaft matches the outer surface of the rotating shaft.

3. The optoelectronic encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, A fixed ring is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. A fixed channel matching the shape of the fixed plate is opened at the position of the fixed ring relative to the fixed plate.

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