Disassembly process and equipment for power batteries of various specifications

Abstract

The present invention discloses a disassembly process and device suitable for power batteries of multiple specifications, including: a storage and unloading device for loading, storing and transporting disorganized batteries to subsequent processes; a visual sorting and online device arranged downstream of the storage and unloading device, which flips or places the batteries into the required form according to the battery size and the position of the pole group and queues them up online; a four-step cutting device arranged downstream of the visual sorting and online device, which is used to cut the batteries with one or two layers of pole groups in steps and disassemble the batteries into four major parts: the upper cover, the bottom plate, the pole group and the outer shell. Through loading, storage, unloading, visual collection and sorting online, four-step cutting and collection, the battery is disassembled into the four major parts of the upper cover, the bottom plate, the pole group and the outer shell for classified collection, with a high recovery rate and no secondary pollution to the environment, eliminating the harmfulness of manual battery waste treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power battery recycling and processing, and in particular to a recycling device and method for automatically classifying and processing power batteries of different specifications. Background Art

[0002] Power batteries refer to batteries that provide power, mainly lead-acid batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. They are the most consumed type of batteries in the world. If the lead, lithium and other metal resources are not recycled, it will cause waste of important metal resources and environmental pollution, especially lead metal resources. Therefore, how to efficiently recycle waste power batteries without polluting the environment has become an urgent matter.

[0003] On the one hand, the current power battery recycling industry mainly uses the method of centralized crushing by crushers, that is, "mixed separation" to crush and separate power batteries. This method of crushing first and then separating not only causes secondary pollution to the environment, but also increases the difficulty and cost of later collection, and also requires a lot of manual labor to assist in the crushing and recycling work; on the other hand, the state of power battery recycling and processing is chaotic, there are many power battery models, and the irreversibility of power battery production technology determines that different types of batteries must be classified and processed, and the current processing equipment requires most of the classification and processing to be done manually, which is not environmentally friendly and endangers manual safety. At the same time, the separation and recycling rate of various battery components after the extensive treatment method of centralized crushing is also very low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem that the present invention aims to solve is: in view of the problems of multiple existing power battery models, irreversibility of power battery production processes, low degree of automation of disassembly processes, small scope of adaptation, and potential safety hazards, a disassembly process and device that are adaptable to power batteries of multiple specifications are provided. For batteries of different specifications, the same set of equipment and methods can be used for differentiated classification and automatic processing. At the same time, the processed battery decomposed parts are automatically classified and recycled, with a high recycling rate and no secondary pollution to the environment. At the same time, since the battery is fully automated from loading to final classification, the hazards of manual battery waste disposal are eliminated.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A disassembly process for power batteries of various specifications, characterized in that the battery is disassembled into four parts, namely, the upper cover, the bottom plate, the pole group and the outer shell, through five steps of loading, storage, unloading, visual collection and sorting, and four-step cutting and collection, and the process specifically includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Loading: Place the randomly placed batteries gently on two conveyor lines that are parallel and spaced apart in the storage and unloading device. The number of batteries on the two conveyor lines is basically the same;

[0008] S2: Storage: The batteries transported on the two conveyor lines are pushed into the storage bins below each conveyor line in the storage unloading device for storage;

[0009] S3: Unloading: The battery slides down the storage bin, passes through the lower outlet and falls onto the unloading conveyor line below to complete unloading;

[0010] S4: Visual sorting on-line: After unloading, the battery is transported by the unloading conveyor line to the visual sorting on-line device, which collects the three-dimensional size and pole group position of the battery through vision, and adjusts the specific position of the battery in the Z-axis, Y-axis, and X-axis directions according to the visual collection results, so that the battery placed randomly after unloading can be transformed into a state facing the specified direction, and then transported to the next step for cutting;

[0011] S5: Four-step cutting and collection: The battery with one or two layers of electrode groups is disassembled and separated in steps, and the battery is disassembled into four major parts: upper cover, bottom plate, electrode group, and outer shell. The separated upper cover, bottom plate, electrode group, battery shell and acid are collected separately.

[0012] Furthermore, in steps S2 and S3, the storage and unloading device transports the batteries to a support plane for storage, and the support plane is formed by a plurality of rotatable support plates; each of the support plates is rotated so that the batteries on the support plane fall from the gaps between the support plates; a feeding channel is used to receive the batteries falling from the gaps, and the batteries are discharged from a discharge port opened at the bottom of the feeding channel, and the size of the discharge port corresponds to the size of the batteries.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S4, the batteries are placed one by one on the front stepping device, and the front stepping device transports the batteries to station No. 1; at station No. 1, the other pushing and sorting device pushes the batteries on station No. 1 to be flush with the front end side edge of the front stepping device; the front stepping device transports the batteries from station No. 1 to station No. 2, and at station No. 2, the visual recognition and measurement system detects the size information of the batteries, as well as the pole positions of the first two side surfaces and the top surface, and feeds back to the control system, and then pushes the batteries to the rear stepping device No. 3 station; at No. 3 station, the other visual recognition measurement system detects the positions of the poles on the other two sides of the battery and feeds back to the control system, and then the Z-axis sorting device extends downward to adjust the position of the battery in the Z-axis direction; after completing the position adjustment in the Z-axis direction, the battery is transported to No. 4 station for position adjustment in the Y-axis direction; after completing the position adjustment in the Y-axis direction, the battery is transported to No. 5 station for position adjustment in the X-axis direction, at this time, the battery poles are placed in a directional manner, and continue to enter the subsequent cutting machine under the transportation of the stepping platform.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S5, the four-step device in the four-step cutting device pushes the battery according to the set intermittent motion, and the upper cover of the battery is cut off when it reaches the automatic head cutting device at the first station; the battery bottom plate opposite to the upper cover is cut off when it reaches the automatic tail cutting device at the second station; then the batteries are pushed to the next process according to the number of layers of the battery pole group: the battery with one-layer pole group reaches the automatic upper back cutting device at the third station, and the upper cutter cuts the upper part of the outer shell of the upper small trough along the battery outer shell; after the battery with two-layer pole group reaches the automatic upper back cutting device at the third station, the four-step device continues The battery is pushed to the automatic upper and lower back cutting device at the fourth station, and the upper cutting device cuts the upper part of the shell of the upper small trough body, and the lower cutting device cuts the lower part of the lower small trough body at the same time; after that, the battery reaches the upper and lower pushing devices at the fifth station. If it is a battery with one layer of electrode groups, the upper pushing device does not move, and the lower pushing device moves to push out the electrode group. If it is a battery with two layers of electrode groups, the upper and lower pushing devices move together to push out the electrode group, and the remaining battery shell is collected and processed separately; during the above four-step cutting process, the separated upper cover, bottom plate, electrode group, battery shell and acid are collected separately.

[0015] A disassembly device suitable for power batteries of multiple specifications, characterized by comprising: a storage and unloading device for loading, storing and transporting disorderly batteries to subsequent processes; a visual sorting and online device arranged downstream of the storage and unloading device, which flips or arranges the batteries into the required arrangement according to the battery size and the position of the pole group and queues them for online loading; a four-step cutting device arranged downstream of the visual sorting and online device, which is used to cut the batteries with one or two layers of pole groups in steps and disassemble the batteries into four major parts: the upper cover, the bottom plate, the pole group and the outer shell; at least one of the visual sorting and online devices is arranged downstream of the storage and unloading device, and when multiple visual sorting and online devices are arranged, one of the four-step cutting devices is independently arranged downstream of each visual sorting and online device.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned disassembly device that is adaptable to power batteries of multiple specifications, the storage and unloading device includes: two conveying components for conveying batteries and arranged in parallel and spaced relation with each other; at least one unloading bin, which is arranged below the conveying component, and the unloading bin is provided with a feed port for batteries to enter and a discharge port connected to the feed port; at least one support plate unloading component, which includes a plurality of support plates that can rotate synchronously and a driving component for driving each of the support plates to rotate synchronously; when the plurality of support plates rotate synchronously to a first position, a supporting plane is formed to support the batteries, and when the plurality of support plates rotate synchronously to a second position, the batteries on the supporting plane are caused to fall to the feed port or the discharge port; and at least one baffle unloading component, which is used to push the batteries conveyed by the conveying component onto the supporting plane.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned disassembly device adapted to multiple specifications of power batteries, the visual sorting online device includes: a power online sorting system and a visual recognition measurement system coordinated with the power online sorting system; the power online sorting system includes two stepping devices arranged in parallel in the front and rear rows, and two stations are sequentially arranged on the front stepping device. The first station is provided with a pushing device flush with the battery for adjusting the offset of the battery on the stepping device, and the second station is located at the end of the stepping direction of the front stepping device, and a visual recognition measurement system is arranged at the second station; the stepping initial position of the rear stepping device is provided with a No. 3 station. Positions, the third station is arranged front and back corresponding to the second station in the front row, and is connected in the middle by a transition connecting plate for battery pushing; another visual recognition measurement system is arranged at the third station, and a Z-axis direction sorting device capable of descending and clamping and adjusting the position of the battery in the Z-axis direction is also arranged above the third station; behind the Z-axis direction sorting device, the fourth station and the fifth station are arranged in sequence along the stepping direction, a Y-axis direction sorting device capable of descending and clamping and adjusting the position of the battery in the Y-axis direction is arranged above the fourth station, and an X-axis direction sorting device capable of descending and clamping and adjusting the position of the battery in the X-axis direction is arranged above the fifth station;

[0018] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned disassembly device suitable for power batteries of multiple specifications, the battery four-step cutting and disassembly device for disassembling and separating batteries with one or two layers of pole groups in steps includes: a first conveying component, the first conveying component is used to convey the battery to at least the first station, the second station, the third station and the fourth station of the cutting process in sequence, and the battery has a top cover of the pole and a bottom cover opposite to the top cover, which are arranged respectively on both sides of the conveying direction; a second conveying component, the second conveying component is used to convey the battery from at least the fifth station of the cutting process to the sixth station and the seventh station in sequence; a first cutting component, the first cutting component is used to cut off the top cover of the battery located at the first station, so that a plurality of openings are formed on one side of the battery; a second cutting component, the second cutting component is used to cut off the bottom cover of the battery located at the second station, so that a plurality of through holes with pole groups in the battery are formed on the side of the battery; a visual recognition component is used to detect the first conveying component. The component conveys the number of pole group layers of the battery and outputs a signal; a first pushing component, the first pushing component is used to receive the signal output by the visual recognition component, and push the battery with one layer of pole group located at the third station to the fifth station; a third cutting component, the third cutting component is used to cut the battery pushed from the third station to the fifth station, so that the upper surface of the battery is separated from each pole group; a second pushing component, the second pushing component is used to receive the signal output by the second visual recognition component, and push the battery with two layers of pole group located at the fourth station to the sixth station; a fourth cutting component, the fourth cutting component is used to cut the battery pushed from the fourth station to the sixth station, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the battery are respectively separated from the corresponding pole groups; a pushing component, the pushing component is used to push each pole group in the battery located at the seventh station out of the through hole, so that the battery shell and the pole group are separated.

[0019] In the above technical solution, in the storage unloading device, the support plate unloading assembly also includes a support plate rotating shaft, a frame and a unloading oil cylinder connected to the support plates one by one, the support plate rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, the support plate rotating shaft is also connected to at least one connecting rod, and the cylinder rod of the unloading oil cylinder is connected to each of the connecting rods through a connecting frame. Preferably, one connecting rod is connected to each of the two ends of the support plate rotating shaft.

[0020] In the above technical solution, in the storage and unloading device, the connecting frame is U-shaped, the middle part of the connecting frame is connected to the cylinder rod of the unloading cylinder, and the two ends of the connecting frame are respectively connected to the connecting rods connected to the two ends of the support plate rotating shaft; the supporting plane is located between the feed port and the discharge port; the battery storage and unloading device also includes a limiting frame arranged between the first conveying assembly and the support plate unloading assembly, and the limiting frame and the supporting plane cooperate to form a storage cavity for storing batteries.

[0021] Furthermore, each visual recognition and measurement system includes a pushing and arranging device and at least one visual acquisition device, wherein the visual acquisition and arranging device includes a camera and a rectangular fixed bracket for fixing the camera, wherein the rectangular fixed bracket is fixed on a stepping device or a gantry, so that the lens surface of the camera on each rectangular fixed bracket corresponds to the battery surface to be detected, and the pushing and arranging device is installed below the fixed bracket at a position flush with the battery, and is used to adjust the battery position and push the battery to the next workstation after completing the visual position detection; the visual recognition and measurement system is provided with three visual acquisition devices on the top, the outer side surface of the front end, and the outer periphery of the end surface downstream in the stepping direction of the battery, and the pushing and arranging device is provided below the visual acquisition device on the outer side surface of the front end, and the pushing and arranging device is opposite to the transition connecting plate front and rear. The battery should be pushed from the front stepping device to the rear stepping device; another visual recognition measurement system is provided with two visual acquisition devices, and the two visual acquisition devices respectively correspond to the battery surfaces not detected by the first three visual acquisition devices: wherein, a rectangular fixed bracket of a visual acquisition device is located at the rear of the rear stepping device and fixed, and a rectangular fixed bracket of another visual acquisition device is located at the end of the rear stepping device in the upstream direction of the stepping, and the camera lenses of the two visual acquisition devices are both flush with the battery end faces on their respective corresponding No. 3 workstations; a pushing and arranging device is arranged below the rectangular fixed bracket of the other visual acquisition device, and the pushing direction of the pushing and arranging device is perpendicular to the stepping direction, and is used to push and adjust the battery position perpendicular to the stepping direction after visual acquisition.

[0022] Furthermore, each pushing and sorting device includes a cylinder, a fixed bracket for fixing the cylinder, a guide rod for guiding the cylinder, and a push plate arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the fixed bracket and fixed at the free end of the cylinder lever, wherein the push plate is used to abut against the battery.

[0023] Furthermore, the Z-axis arrangement device includes a No. 1 lifting platform that can be adjusted vertically, and a No. 1 clamping mechanism that can be telescopically clamped in a direction perpendicular to the stepping direction and the vertical direction. The horizontal upper end surface of the No. 1 clamping mechanism is connected to the lower end surface of the No. 1 lifting platform through a turntable. The lifting platform descends to a set position according to the battery height. After the No. 1 clamping mechanism clamps the battery according to the battery size obtained by visual analysis, the turntable is rotated 90 degrees to complete the adjustment in the Z-axis direction; the Y-axis arrangement device and the X-axis arrangement device have the same structure, and a lifting platform with the same structure as the No. 1 lifting platform is set on the top. The lifting free end of the lifting platform is fixedly connected to the top plate of the clamping mechanism below, and the clamping mechanism can be adjusted below the top plate of the clamping mechanism. A rotatable suspension is provided with a cylinder clamping device, and the battery is clamped under the top plate of the cylinder clamping device by adjusting the spacing between a fixed clamping plate and a movable clamping plate arranged in parallel, wherein the fixed clamping plate and the support plate for fixing the cylinder are rotatably supported on the downward cantilever plates at both ends of the top plate through a turntable, and the free end of the piston rod of the cylinder fixes the movable clamping plate, and guide rails are arranged on both sides of the cylinder for guiding the cylinder; the setting directions of the clamping mechanisms under the Y-axis direction sorting device and the X-axis direction sorting device are different, the cylinder of the clamping mechanism of the Y-axis direction sorting device is arranged parallel to the stepping direction of the rear stepping device, and the cylinder of the clamping mechanism under the X-axis direction sorting device is arranged perpendicular to the stepping direction of the rear stepping device.

[0024] Furthermore, in the four-step cutting and disassembly device, the first cutting component and / or the second cutting component includes a cutting cylinder, a fixed plate connected to the cylinder rod of the cutting cylinder, and a cutter connected to the fixed plate. The fixed plate is connected to a pressure plate via an elastic component. The elastic component is used to move the pressure plate along the extension and retraction direction of the cylinder rod of the cutting cylinder when a force is applied.

[0025] Furthermore, in the four-step battery cutting and disassembly device, the elastic component includes a connecting plate connected to the fixed plate and at least two guide rods, one end of the guide rod slides through the connecting plate and then connects to a limiting member, the other end of the guide rod is connected to the pressure plate, and the guide rod is sleeved with a buffer spring whose two ends respectively press against the connecting plate and the pressure plate; and / or the support plate is also connected to a screw rod, which is configured to be movable along its axial direction and connected to a cutter support plate, and the cutter support plate is connected to the cutter. The first pushing component and / or the second pushing component include a pushing cylinder and a pushing plate connected to the cylinder rod of the pushing cylinder.

[0026] Furthermore, in the four-step cutting and disassembly device for a battery, the third cutting assembly includes a first support plate and a fixed frame, the fixed frame is connected to a plurality of fixed seats, each of the fixed seats is connected to a blade, the first support plate is used to support the battery to move from the third station to the fifth station, and the blades of the blades connected to each of the fixed seats are located above the first support plate; the fourth cutting assembly includes a second support plate having a plurality of grid holes and two fixed frames arranged up and down, the two fixed frames are respectively connected to a plurality of fixed seats, each of the fixed seats is connected to a blade, the second support plate is used to support the battery to move from the fourth station to the sixth station, the blades of the blades connected to each of the fixed seats located above are located above the second support plate, and the blades of the blades connected to each of the fixed seats located below pass through the grid holes from bottom to top respectively.

[0027] Furthermore, in the four-step cutting and disassembly device for batteries, the pushing assembly includes a pressing assembly, two upper and lower fixed frames and a pushing cylinder corresponding to the fixed frames one by one, the two fixed frames are respectively connected to a plurality of fixed seats, each fixed seat is connected to a push rod, and the pushing cylinder is used to drive the corresponding fixed frames to drive each push rod to move in a straight line direction, so that the push rod passes through the cut bottom cover and top cover of the battery to push out each pole group; the pressing assembly includes a pressing plate located above the seventh station and a pressing cylinder used to drive the pressing plate to rise and fall.

[0028] Furthermore, in the four-step cutting and disassembly device for batteries, a plurality of the fixing seats are arranged in parallel and are configured to be disposed on the fixing frame close to or far away from each other, and the fixing frame is also connected to a distance adjusting component for adjusting the distance between each of the fixing seats; the distance adjusting component includes a connecting frame and a distance adjusting cylinder fixed on the connecting frame, the cylinder rod of the distance adjusting cylinder is connected to a cam plate, and the cam plate is provided with strip holes corresponding to each of the fixing seats one by one, and the distance between adjacent strip holes gradually increases from one end of the strip hole to the other end, and each of the fixing seats is connected to an adjusting column, and the adjusting column is inserted into the corresponding strip hole and can move along the strip hole.

[0029] Furthermore, in the four-step cutting and disassembly device, the first conveying assembly and / or the second conveying assembly includes a conveying plate, at least two rollers located below the conveying plate, a motor for driving the rollers to rotate, a chain mounted on each of the rollers, and a plurality of push blocks connected to the chains. The conveying plate is provided with a conveying hole extending along its length direction, and one end of the push block away from the chain extends out of the conveying hole. When the chain moves, it drives the push block to push the battery to move along the length direction of the conveying plate.

[0030] Furthermore, a closed chamber is provided outside the four-step cutting device, and an acid collection device is provided.

[0031] Further, in the four-step cutting and disassembling device, a first conveying assembly is used to convey the battery along a first conveying direction, so that the top cover of the battery with the pole and the bottom cover opposite to the top cover are respectively oriented to the two sides of the first conveying direction; a second conveying assembly is configured to convey the battery along a second conveying direction; the top cover and the bottom cover of the battery conveyed along the first conveying direction are cut off in sequence, so that a plurality of through holes with pole groups are formed on the side of the battery; the number of pole group layers of the battery is detected, and the battery with one pole group and the battery with two pole groups are respectively pushed onto the second conveying assembly; and when pushing the battery with one pole group, the upper surface of the battery is cut to separate the upper surface of the battery from each pole group; when pushing the battery with two pole groups, the upper surface and the lower surface of the battery are respectively cut to separate the upper surface and the lower surface of the battery from the corresponding pole groups; the pole group in the battery conveyed along the second conveying direction is pushed out from the through hole to separate the pole group from the battery tank or shell.

[0032] Undoubtedly, the present invention also includes a control system, which is respectively connected to the visual recognition measurement system and the power on-line sorting system. The visual acquisition of the present invention only collects the three-dimensional size and pole group position of the battery, which can be realized by using existing cameras for image acquisition, which is convenient and fast. For the operator, no programming is required, and the on-site operator only needs to turn on and off the machine to realize classification.

[0033] Therefore, the present invention discloses a disassembly process and device that is suitable for power batteries of multiple specifications. The process and device of the present invention first place the waste power batteries on the two roller conveyor lines of the storage and unloading device, and pass through the storage and unloading device to complete the storage and online operation of the waste power batteries: when the waste power batteries are conveyed to the roller conveyor above the storage bin, the baffle unloading mechanism unloads the batteries to the storage bin, and according to the working conditions, the support plate unloading mechanism opens the support plate below the storage bin to complete the unloading of the batteries. When the support plate unloading mechanism of the storage and unloading device opens the support plate below the storage bin, unloading begins; after the waste power batteries are online, the visual recognition measurement system in the visual sorting online device collects visual data and sequentially passes the batteries through the Z-axis, Y-axis, and X-axis direction sorting devices, and the batteries are sorted by the visual recognition measurement system in the visual sorting online device. The random placement is transformed into a state of neat transportation in the specified direction, so that the battery can be put on line according to the required placement state; after being transported by the stepping device, the waste power battery is transported to the four-step cutting device, which successively cuts off the upper cover of the battery, cuts off the bottom plate of the battery, cuts open the small slot where each pole group of the battery is located, pushes out each pole group, and then classifies and collects the upper cover, bottom plate, pole group, shell, and acid liquid, avoiding the irregular mixing of various parts after traditional battery crushing, which is difficult to separate or relies on manual separation. The classification and disassembly method and device of the present invention make the separated substances purer and reduce the secondary pollution to the environment during the separation process. The specific beneficial effects are as follows:

[0034] 1. High efficiency: The storage and unloading device and the visual sorting online device effectively solve the storage and unloading problems before the battery goes online, reduce the labor intensity, avoid environmental pollution, realize the automation process, and improve the efficiency of battery online and recycling.

[0035] 2. Wide range of applications. After going online, the machine vision recognition system will take the relevant dimensions of the power battery and feed it back to the main system. The main system will control the cutting of the head and tail, the upper and lower back cutting, and the upper and lower pushing to perform accurate operations according to the relevant dimensions of the battery.

[0036] 3. Component modularization and high interchangeability of parts. The small parts of each workstation are divided into different operations. If a small part is damaged, it will not affect the normal operation of other small parts, but the damaged small parts should be replaced in time; some parts of the small parts are public, which not only reduces the amount of tasks in the manufacturing process of the device, but also when the parts of the small parts need to be replaced, the types of parts that need to be replaced are relatively small, which has little impact on normal operations and high interchangeability.

[0037] 4. High safety and low pollution. The four-step cutting device can be operated in a closed environment. Humans are only responsible for supervising the control console. The human body does not come into contact with the battery, which can protect the staff well. In addition, during the four-step cutting process, acid will flow out and related harmful gases will be generated. The four-step cutting device is placed in a closed environment and checked and cleaned regularly. The pollution to the environment caused by the cutting process can be reduced to a minimum.

[0038] 5. High resource recovery rate. General manual crushing and sorting and semi-automatic crushing and sorting will cause the lead oxides, sulfuric acid, arsenic and other substances that need to be recycled to be wasted in the crushing and sorting process. However, after cutting and separating with the four-step cutting device, the lead oxides, sulfuric acid, arsenic and other substances that need to be recycled will not be wasted in the cutting and separation process. These substances will be concentrated on the upper cover poles and pole groups, and there will be a little residue on the outer shell, which will not cause waste of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a disassembly process flow of a power battery of multiple specifications according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is an overall schematic diagram of a disassembly device for power batteries of multiple specifications according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the thread finishing device and the four-step cutting device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the storage and unloading device;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle unloading mechanism in storage unloading;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the uniformly distributed storage bins used for storage and unloading;

[0045] Figure 7 The structural diagram of the storage bin during storage and unloading;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support plate unloading mechanism in storage unloading;

[0047] Fig. 9 For visual arrangement, the overall structural diagram of the online device is provided (the battery is in the online queue state);

[0048] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the visual acquisition device in the visual sorting online device;

[0049] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push sorting device in the visual sorting online device;

[0050] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Z-axis direction sorting device in the visual sorting on-line device;

[0051] Fig.13 To visually organize the structural diagram of the No. 1 lifting platform in the on-line device;

[0052] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Z-axis clamping part in the visual finishing on-line device;

[0053] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Y-axis direction sorting device in the visual sorting on-line device;

[0054] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Y-axis clamping part in the visual arrangement of the on-line device;

[0055] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-axis direction sorting device in the visual sorting on-line device;

[0056] Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-axis direction clamping part in the visual finishing on-line device;

[0057] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of the structure of the four-step device in the online device for visual arrangement;

[0058] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the four-step cutting device;

[0059] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first vertical cutting knife device and the second vertical cutting knife device in the four-step cutting;

[0060] Fig. 22 It is a structural schematic diagram of the No. 1 side positioning device in four-step cutting;

[0061] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the No. 1 side pressure device and the No. 2 side pressure device in the four-step cutting;

[0062] Fig.24 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second side positioning device in four-step cutting;

[0063] Fig.25 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the No. 1 upper cutting device and the No. 2 upper cutting device in the four-step cutting;

[0064] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the No. 1 side thruster and the No. 2 side thruster in the four-step cutting;

[0065] Fig. 27 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower cutting knife device in four-step cutting;

[0066] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper push-out device in the four-step cutting;

[0067] Fig.29 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping device in four-step cutting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following is combined with Figure 1-29 The present invention is further described with reference to the following specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0069] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the disassembly process adapted to power batteries of multiple specifications implemented according to the present invention is as follows:

[0070] 1. Loading: Excluding the largest and smallest power batteries, place 10~22Ah batteries, i.e. medium-sized power batteries (medium-sized batteries account for about 80% of the total number of power batteries) onto the roller conveyor 1-1 on the storage unloading device 110.

[0071] 2. Storage: The batteries on the roller conveyor 1-1 move with the roller conveyor belt, and the oil cylinder of the baffle unloading mechanism 1-2 pushes out the baffle to change the battery conveying trajectory, and the waste power batteries fall into the uniformly distributed storage bin 1-3 along the baffle 1-2-1.

[0072] 3. Unloading: For the used batteries in the uniformly distributed storage bin 1-3, when the pushing cylinder of the support plate unloading mechanism 1-4-2 pulls the movable bracket 1-4-2-2, the movable bracket 1-4-2-2 drives the connecting rod 1-4-2-5 hinged thereon, so that the rotating shaft 1-4-2-4 welded on the connecting rod 1-4-2-5 rotates, and the support plate 1-4-2-3 welded on the rotating shaft 1-4-2-4 rotates on a fixed axis, a gap is formed between the support plates 1-4-2-3, and the batteries fall into the storage bin 1-4-1 through the gap.

[0073] 4. Visual sorting on-line: The unloaded battery is conveyed to the three-stepping device 2-8 of the visual sorting on-line device 210 by rollers. The battery arrives at the visual collection and sorting device 2-7 at the No. 1 station, completes the measurement of the battery-related dimensions and feeds back the information to the control system. Then the sorting device 2-5 pushes the battery that has completed the inspection at the No. 1 station to the No. 2 station of the four-stepping device 2-6, and the visual collection device 2-1 at the No. 2 station detects the pole position and feeds back the data information to the control system. The four-stepping device 2-6 conveys the battery to At workstation No. 3, the Z-axis sorting device 2-2 clamps the battery to complete the adjustment in the Z-axis direction; the four-stepping device 2-6 continues to transport the battery to workstation No. 4, and the Y-axis sorting device 2-3 clamps the battery to complete the adjustment in the Y-axis direction; the four-stepping device 2-6 transports the battery to workstation No. 5, and the X-axis sorting device 2-4 clamps the battery to complete the adjustment in the X-axis direction; finally, the battery is placed in a directional manner as required, and is transported by the stepping platform into the four-part cutting device 3 to complete the subsequent battery cutting process.

[0074] 5. Four-step cutting and collection: When the battery reaches the four-step device 3-6 of the four-step cutting device 310, the four-step device 3-6 transports the battery to the automatic head cutting device 3-1 at the first station to cut off the upper cover and collect the upper cover; the four-step device 3-6 transports the battery to the automatic tail cutting device 3-2 at the second station to cut off the bottom plate and collect the bottom plate; the four-step device 3-6 transports the battery with only one layer of pole group to the automatic upper back cutting device 3-3 at the third station, and transports the battery with only one layer of pole group to the three-step device 3-7 through the first side push device, and cuts the upper back at the same time, so that the pole group and The cells are loose; the four-stepping device 3-6 transports the battery with two layers of pole groups to the automatic upper back cutting device 3-3 at the third station without performing any operation, and directly transports the battery to the automatic upper and lower back cutting device 3-4 at the fourth station, and transports the battery with two layers of pole groups to the three-stepping device 3-7 through the second side pushing device, and at the same time cuts the upper and lower backs to cause looseness between the pole groups and the cell bodies; the three-stepping device 3-7 transports the battery with one layer of pole groups and / or two layers of pole groups to the automatic pushing device 3-5 at the fifth station in turn, pushes out the pole groups, separates the pole groups and the cell bodies, and collects them separately.

[0075] The disassembly device for power batteries of various specifications implemented according to the present invention is as follows Figure 1-29As shown, it includes: a storage and unloading device 110 for loading, storing and transporting disorganized batteries to subsequent processes; a visual arranging online device 210 arranged downstream of the storage and unloading device, which flips or arranges the batteries into the required arrangement according to the battery size and the position of the pole group, and then arranges the batteries one by one to go online; a four-step cutting device 310 arranged downstream of the visual arranging online device, which is used to disassemble and separate the batteries with one or two layers of pole groups in steps, and disassemble the batteries into four major parts: the upper cover, the bottom plate, the pole group and the outer shell; at least one of the visual arranging online devices 210 is arranged downstream of the storage and unloading device 110. When multiple visual arranging online devices 210 are arranged, one of the four-step cutting devices 310 is independently arranged downstream of each visual arranging online device 210. The following is combined with Figure 1-29 Specifically describe the components of this device:

[0076] 1) The storage and unloading device 110 mainly includes: a conveying roller 1-1, a baffle unloading mechanism 1-2, a uniformly distributed storage bin 1-3, and a storage bin 1-4.

[0077] The baffle unloading mechanism 1-2 includes: a rotating shaft 1-2-1, a baffle 1-2-2, a piston rod earring 1-2-3, a baffle cylinder 1-2-4, and a support plate 1-2-5. The piston rod earring 1-2-3 is installed at the front end of the piston rod and is hinged to the boss behind the baffle 1-2-2. The flange of the baffle cylinder 1-2-4 is fixed on the support plate 1-2-5. The baffle 1-2-2 and the rotating shaft 1-2-1 are hinged to the support plate 1-2-5. The support plate 1-2-5 is fixed above the uniformly distributed storage bin 1-3. When the battery is transported to the roller above the uniformly distributed storage bin 1-3, the baffle cylinder 1-2-4 pushes the baffle 1-2-2 to change the battery transportation path, so that the battery falls into the uniformly distributed storage bin 1-3.

[0078] The uniformly distributed storage bin 1-3 includes: a bracket 1-3-1 and a bin body 1-3-2. The bin body 1-3-2 is a rectangular parallelepiped. The conveying roller 1-1 is fixed on the upper part of the bin body 1-3-2 for conveying batteries. The bracket 1-3-1 is installed on both sides of the bin body 1-3-2 for fixed support of the bin body 1-3-2.

[0079] The storage bin 1-4 includes: a storage bin 1-4-1 and a support plate unloading mechanism 1-4-2; the storage bin 1-4-1 is in the shape of an inverted quadrangular pyramid, and the notch is square, and its size is just enough to accommodate a maximum battery passing through, and the storage bin notch is connected to the uniform conveying roller; the support plate unloading mechanism 1-4-2 includes: a support plate cylinder 1-4-2-1, a movable bracket 1-4-2-2, a support plate 1-4-2-3, a rotating shaft 1-4-2-4, a connecting rod 1-4-2-5, an axle support 1-4-2-6, a fixed frame 1-4-2-7, and a rotating shaft 1- 4-2-4 is located at the center of the support plate 1-4-2-3 and is welded to the support plate 1-4-2-3. One end of the connecting rod 1-4-2-5 is welded to the rotating shaft 1-4-2-4, and the other end is hinged to the movable bracket 1-4-2-2. The fixed frame 1-4-2-7 is welded to the outer wall of the warehouse body. The shaft support 1-4-2-6 is hinged to the shafts at both ends of the support plate 1-4-2-3 and is installed on the fixed frame 1-4-2-7. The two ends of the support plate cylinder 1-4-2-1 are respectively connected to the movable bracket 1-4-2-2 and the fixed frame 1-4-2-7 through connectors.

[0080] 2) The visual sorting online device 210 mainly includes: the visual acquisition and sorting device 2-7 of the No. 1 station, the visual acquisition device 2-1 of the No. 2 station, the Z-axis direction sorting device 2-2 of the No. 3 station, the Y-axis direction sorting device 2-3 of the No. 4 station, the X-axis direction sorting device 2-4 of the No. 5 station, the pushing sorting device 2-5, the four-stepping device 2-6, and the three-stepping device 2-8.

[0081] The visual collection and sorting device 2-7 of the No. 1 station and the visual collection device 2-1 of the No. 2 station include: a camera 2-1-1 and a fixed bracket 2-1-2. The camera 2-1-1 is installed on the fixed bracket 2-1-2 above the stepping platform, and the pushing and sorting device 2-5 is installed on the fixed bracket on the right side of the stepping platform; the right side pushing and sorting device 2-5 pushes all the batteries on the No. 1 station to the left baffle of the stepping platform, so that all the batteries on the line are flush with the left edge, and then the visual collection device measures the length, width and height of the battery, and feeds the data back to the control system.

[0082] The pushing and arranging device 2-5 includes: a push plate 2-5-1, a bracket 2-5-2, a bearing 2-5-3, a guide rod 2-5-4, and a cylinder 2-5-5. The flange of the cylinder 2-5-5 is fixed on the bracket 2-5-2, the push rod of the cylinder 2-5-5 is connected to the push plate 2-5-1, the bearings 2-5-3 are respectively located on both sides of the flange of the cylinder 2-5-5, and the guide rod 2-5-4 is connected to the push plate 2-5-1 through the bearing 2-5-3, so that the pushing process can run smoothly.

[0083] The Z-axis direction sorting device 2-2 includes: a No. 1 lifting platform 2-2-1, a Z-axis direction clamping part 2-2-2. The No. 1 lifting platform 2-2-1 includes: a No. 1 lifting cylinder 2-2-1-1, a No. 1 guide rod 2-2-1-2, a No. 1 bearing 2-2-1-3, a No. 1 support plate 2-2-1-4, and a No. 1 lifting plate 2-2-1-5. The flange of the No. 1 lifting cylinder 2-2-1-1 is fixed on the No. 1 support plate 2-2-1-4, the cylinder push rod is connected to the No. 1 lifting plate 2-2-1-5, the No. 1 bearing 2-2-1-3 is evenly distributed at the four corners of the cylinder flange and connected to the support plate, and the No. 1 guide rod 2-2-1-2 is connected to the No. 1 lifting plate 2-2-1-5 through the hole of the No. 1 bearing 2-2-1-3 to ensure the smooth operation of the lifting process; the Z-axis direction clamping part 2-2-2 includes: No. 1 connector 2-2-2-1, No. 1 connecting plate 2-2-2-2, No. 1 turntable 2-2-2-3, No. 1 guide rail 2-2-2-4, No. 1 clamping cylinder 2-2-2-5, No. 1 moving clamping plate 2-2-2-6, No. 1 fixed clamping plate 2-2-2-7. The No. 1 connecting plate 2-2-2-2 is installed on the No. 1 turntable 2-2-2-3, the cylinder flange is connected to the No. 1 connecting plate 2-2-2-2, the No. 1 guide rail 2-2-2-4 is located on both sides of the No. 1 clamping cylinder 2-2-2-5, the No. 1 fixed clamping plate 2-2-2-7 is fixed to the No. 1 connecting plate 2-2-2-2 through the No. 1 connector 2-2-2-1, and the No. 1 movable clamping plate 2-2-2-6 is installed on the No. 1 guide rail 2-2-2-4 through the No. 1 connector 2-2-2-1. According to the battery size information obtained by the visual acquisition device, the No. 1 clamping cylinder 2-2-2-5 drives the guide rail slider and the No. 1 movable clamping plate 2-2-2-6 to clamp the battery.

[0084] The Y-axis direction sorting device 2-3 includes: a No. 2 lifting platform 2-3-1 and a Y-axis direction clamping part 2-3-2. The structure of the No. 2 lifting platform 2-3-1 is the same as that of the No. 1 lifting platform 2-2-1, ensuring the stable lifting of the Y-axis direction clamping part 2-3-2; the Y-axis direction clamping part 2-3-2 includes: a No. 2 connector 2-3-2-1, a No. 2 connecting plate 2-3-2-2, a No. 2 turntable 2-3-2-3, a No. 2 guide rail 2-3-2-4, a No. 2 clamping cylinder 2-3-2-5, a No. 2 moving clamping plate 2-3-2-6, and a No. 2 fixed clamping plate 2-3-2-7. The second connecting plate 2-3-2-2 is installed on the second turntable 2-3-2-3, the cylinder flange is connected to the second connecting plate 2-3-2-2, the second guide rail 2-3-2-4 is located on both sides of the second clamping cylinder 2-3-2-5, the second fixed clamping plate 2-3-2-7 is fixed on the second connecting plate 2-3-2-2 through the second connector 2-3-2-1, and the second movable clamping plate 2-3-2-6 is installed on the second guide rail 2-3-2-4 through the second connector 2-3-2-1. According to the battery size information obtained by the visual acquisition device, the second clamping cylinder 2-3-2-5 drives the guide rail slider and the second movable clamping plate 2-3-2-6 to clamp the battery.

[0085] The X-axis direction sorting device 2-4 includes: a No. 3 lifting platform 2-4-1 and an X-axis direction clamping part 2-4-2; the structure of the No. 3 lifting platform 2-4-1 is the same as that of the No. 1 lifting platform 2-2-1, ensuring the stable lifting of the X-axis direction clamping part 2-4-2; the X-axis direction clamping part 2-4-2 includes: a No. 3 connector 2-4-2-1, a No. 3 connecting plate 2-4-2-2, a No. 3 turntable 2-4-2-3, a No. 3 guide rail 2-4-2-4, a No. 3 clamping cylinder 2-4-2-5, a No. 3 moving clamping plate 2-4-2-6, and a No. 3 fixed clamping plate 2-4-2-7. The No. 3 connecting plate 2-4-2-2 is installed on the No. 3 rotating disk 2-4-2-3, the cylinder flange is connected to the No. 3 connecting plate 2-4-2-2, the No. 3 guide rail 2-4-2-4 is located on both sides of the No. 3 clamping cylinder 2-4-2-5, the No. 3 fixed clamping plate 2-4-2-7 is fixed on the No. 3 connecting plate 2-4-2-2 through the No. 3 connector 2-4-2-1, and the No. 3 movable clamping plate 2-4-2-6 is installed on the No. 3 guide rail 2-4-2-4 through the No. 3 connector 2-4-2-1. According to the battery size information obtained by the visual acquisition device, the No. 3 clamping cylinder 2-4-2-5 drives the guide rail slider and the No. 3 movable clamping plate 2-4-2-6 to clamp the battery.

[0086] The specific structure of the four stepping devices 2-6 is as follows Fig.19As shown: replacing the general chain conveyor device, in terms of power, the use of hydraulic motor 2-6-1 can better meet the working conditions of frequent start and stop. Its transmission device is mainly composed of gears driving chain 2-6-2. Every interval required by a work, a pusher head 2-6-3 is installed on the chain 2-6-2 to drive the waste power battery to move, and then the side plate and the upper end surface reinforcement plate 2-6-4 are used to wrap the chain device. In this way, the four-step device 2-6 can not only meet the working conditions of frequent start and stop, but also better withstand the pressure when cutting the waste power battery. It can better meet the requirements than the conventional chain conveyor device. Since the chain 2-6-2 transmission has a common problem that it will become loose after working for a long time, a chain tensioning device 2-6-5 is installed on the side plate to avoid this problem;

[0087] The three-stepping device 2-8 specifically has the same function as the four-stepping device 2-6, the same structural parts, but different sizes. Since the chain is one station shorter, the relevant sizes of other parts are reduced accordingly.

[0088] 3) Four-step cutting device 310, mainly including: automatic head cutting device 3-1 at station 1, automatic tail cutting device 3-2 at station 2, automatic upper back cutting device 3-3 at station 3, automatic upper and lower back cutting device 3-4 at station 4, automatic ejection device 3-5 at station 5, four-stepping device 3-6, three-stepping device 3-7, gantry support seat 3-8;

[0089] The automatic head cutting device 3-1 at the No. 1 station includes: a No. 1 vertical cutter device 3-1-1, a No. 1 side positioning device 3-1-2, and a No. 1 side pressing device 3-1-3. The components are specifically:

[0090] The vertical cutter device No. 1 3-1-1 is specifically as follows: the cutter cylinder 3-1-1-1 is connected to the long block through a nut, four threaded holes are opened on the long block, four long linear bearing 50 guide rods are connected, one end of which is equipped with a hexagonal limit bolt group for fixing, four long linear bearing 50 guide rods are sleeved with four linear bearing flanges 3-1-1-2, the linear bearing flange 3-1-1-2 and the linear bearing mounting plate 3-1-1-3 of the cutter cylinder 3-1-1-1 are connected by screws, two side long plates are connected under the long block, and then a long block is connected, a handwheel 3-1-1-4 is placed between the two long blocks, and the handwheel is connected to the tool adjustment screw 3-1-1- 5. When the four-step cutting device has been working for a long time, the tool 3-1-1-6 will be worn, and the precision requirement of cutting the upper cover cannot be met at this time. Therefore, the hand wheel 3-1-1-4 is used to control the tool 3-1-1-6 to move down to make up for the wear of the tool 3-1-1-6 in the previous operation. The size of the pressing plate used is determined according to the size of a large number of waste power batteries collected, so that the size of the pressing plate should not be too small or too large. Then, a spring clamping device 3-1-1-7 is connected above the pressing plate to ensure that the waste power batteries are in a clamped state when cutting the upper cover, so that the cutter can accurately cut the upper cover, and also provides better stability for the process of cutting the upper cover;

[0091] The No. 1 side positioning device 3-1-2 is specifically as follows: since the location of the No. 1 side positioning will block the line of sight of the lens of the visual measurement system, when the No. 1 positioning plate 3-1-2-2 of the side positioning device is not needed, the No. 1 side positioning device is moved down to allow the visual measurement system to obtain the relevant size information of the waste power battery and the internal pole group distribution status information. A vertical moving platform 3-1-2-1 is used to achieve the purpose of moving the entire device up and down, and then when the waste power battery reaches the No. 1 station, the positioning cylinder 3-1-2-3 controls the No. 1 positioning plate 3-1-2-2 to reach the required position according to the command of the control system, and then waits for the No. 1 side pressure device 3-1-3 to press the waste power battery close to the No. 1 positioning plate for positioning;

[0092] The No. 1 side pressure device 3-1-3 is specifically as follows: its function is to press the waste power battery arriving at the No. 1 station close to the positioning plate for positioning. The side pressure cylinder 3-1-3-1 is connected to a horizontal plate 3-1-3-2, and then the horizontal plate 3-1-3-2 has two light holes, and the light holes pass through the guide rod. The guide rod is equipped with a spring 3-1-3-4, and then the other end of the guide rod is connected to the pressure plate 3-1-2-3. The purpose of the spring on the guide rod is mainly to play a buffering role when the waste power battery is pressed close to the No. 1 positioning plate 3-1-2-2;

[0093] The second station automatic tail cutting device 3-2 includes: a second vertical cutting knife device 3-2-1, a second side positioning device 3-2-2, and a second side pressing device 3-2-3. The components are specifically:

[0094] The second vertical cutting device 3-2-1 specifically has the same structure and function as the first vertical cutting device 3-1-1;

[0095] The No. 2 side positioning device 3-2-2 is specifically composed of a double-axis cylinder 3-2-2-1 and a No. 2 positioning plate 3-2-2-2. In order to allow the No. 2 side positioning device to accurately play a positioning role, the stroke of the double-axis cylinder 3-2-2-1 is 50mm. In order to improve the operating efficiency of the four-step cutting device, the components are installed according to the principle of proximity between the components, resulting in limited installation space inside the gantry support seat. Therefore, the No. 2 side positioning device 3-2-2 is installed on the three-step device 3-7, and holes are drilled at appropriate positions of the three-step device 3-7, which are connected to the No. 2 side positioning device 3-2-2 by screws;

[0096] The second side pressure device 3-2-3 specifically has the same structure and function as the first side pressure device 3-1-3;

[0097] The automatic upper back cutting device 3-3 at the third station includes: a No. 1 upper cutting device 3-3-1, a No. 1 side pushing device 3-3-2, and a flat plate. The specific components are:

[0098] The No. 1 upper cutting knife device 3-3-1 is specifically: in order to adapt to waste power batteries with a layer of pole groups of different specifications, the No. 1 lifting platform 3-3-1-1 is used to adjust the vertical position of the upper cutting knife 3-3-1-2 to cut the top of each slot of the shell without cutting the pole group. The No. 1 lifting platform 3-3-1-1 is composed of an oil cylinder, a support plate and a guide rod. The upper cutter 3-3-1-2 is punched with holes on the blade surface and is connected and fixed to the upper cutter holder 3-3-1-7 by nuts and screws; the number of pole groups in a layer of most waste power batteries is no more than six, so six upper cutter holders 3-3-1-7 are used to slide on the horizontal I-beam guide rail 3-3-1-6; the two ends of the horizontal I-beam guide rail 3-3-1-6 pass through the vertical I-beam guide rail 3-3-1-5, and rectangular thin blocks are connected to the two ends. The upper and lower parts of the vertical I-beam guide rail 3-3-1-5 are respectively connected to a convex connecting block, and the convex connecting block is then connected and fixed to the upper and lower horizontal plates. In order to adjust the spacing between the blades, a No. 1 cam pitch plate 3-3-1-4 is used. The plate is provided with six grooves of different inclinations and is connected to a No. 1 pitch-adjusting cylinder 3-3-1-3. A long plate is connected to the cylinder mouth of the pitch-adjusting cylinder. The long plate is connected and fixed to the vertical I-beam guide rail 3-3-1-5. The upper blade holder 3-3-1-7 is provided with threaded holes and a special rolling column is used. A rolling bearing is installed inside. One end is a rotatable column that slides in the groove on the No. 1 cam pitch plate 3-3-1-4, and the other end is a screw structure connected to the threaded hole of the upper blade holder 3-3-1-7. The vertical I-beam guide rail 3-3-1-5 and the horizontal I-beam guide rail 3-3-1-6 are parts of the same model and have the functions of supporting and fixing, connecting parts and sliding.

[0099] The No. 1 side push device 3-3-2 is specifically as follows: the fixed platform 3-3-2-1 is L-shaped, and its main function is to support and connect various parts. The side push cylinder 3-3-2-2 with a stroke of 400mm is connected to the push plate 3-3-2-3 to push the waste power battery with the upper cover and bottom plate removed from the four-step device 3-6 to the three-step device 3-7. During this pushing process, the No. 1 side push device 3-3-2 cooperates with the No. 1 upper cutting device 3-3-1 to complete the upper part of each slot of the outer shell. Flat plate: placed between the four-step device 3-6 and the three-step device 3-7, connected by screws, mainly plays a role similar to a bridge, allowing the waste power battery to be safely transported from the four-step device 3-6 to the three-step device 3-7;

[0100] The automatic upper and lower back cutting device 3-4 of the fourth station includes: the second upper cutting device 3-4-1, the lower cutting device 3-4-2, and the second side push device 3-4-3. The components are as follows: the second upper cutting device 3-4-1 is specifically: the structure and function are the same as the first upper cutting device 3-3-1; the lower cutting device 3-4-2 is specifically: the principle is similar to the first and second upper cutting devices, but the structure is slightly different. The processing object of the lower cutting device is mainly the lower shell of the waste power battery with two layers of pole groups. The lower cutting knife 3-4-2-4 is punched with holes on its blade surface and connected and fixed to the lower cutting knife holder 3-4-2-3 through nuts and screws. The lower cutting knife holder 3-4-2-3 is L-shaped. In order to reduce the strength for quality assurance, holes are opened on the lower cutting knife holder; the six lower cutting knife holders 3-4-2-3 slide on the horizontally placed I-beam guide rails, and the two ends of the horizontally placed I-beam guide rails are placed on the left and right vertically placed I-beam guide rails, and then connected with rectangular thin blocks for fixing, and the vertically placed I-beam guide rails are connected to the upper and lower horizontal plates through convex connectors; in order to adjust the interval between the knife holders to adapt to waste power batteries of different specifications, the No. 2 pitch-adjusting cylinder 3-4-2-1 is connected to the vertical I-beam guide rail through a connecting plate, and the piston rod is connected to the No. 2 cam pitch-changing plate 3-4-2-2, there are six sliding grooves with different inclinations on the second cam pitch plate 3-4-2-2, and a rolling bearing is installed inside the rolling column. One end is a rotatable column that slides in the groove on the second cam pitch plate 3-4-2-2, and the other end is a screw structure connected to the threaded hole of the lower cutter holder 3-4-2-3; the lower cutter device does not require a lifting platform, and when installing the lower cutter device, the highest plane of the lower cutter 3-4-2-4 in the lower cutter device is only 3mm higher than the best plane of the stepping device, so as to achieve the purpose of cutting open the lower part of the shell of the waste power battery with two layers of pole groups; the second side thrust device 3-4-3 is specifically: the structure and function are the same as the first side thrust device 3-3-2;

[0101] The automatic ejection device 3-5 of the fifth station includes: an upper ejection device 3-5-1, a lower ejection device 3-5-2, and a pressing device 3-5-3. The upper ejection device 3-5-1 is specifically used for ejecting the upper electrode group of the waste power battery with two layers of electrode groups. The upper ejection device 3-5-1 is the component with the most movements, with a total of three movements; the first movement is mainly to adjust the vertical position of the upper push rod 3-5-1-2 by the No. 2 lifting platform 3-5-1-1, and the lifting cylinder is connected to the cross plate, the cross plate has a hole, and the guide rod is installed to form the No. 2 lifting platform 3-5-1-1; the second movement is mainly the No. 3 pitch adjustment cylinder 3-5-1-3 pushing the No. 3 cam pitch plate 3-5-1-4, the No. 3 cam pitch plate 3-5-1-4 is connected to a special rolling column, and the other end of the rolling column is connected to the push rod frame, so that the movement will be transmitted to the push rod frame to control the spacing between the push rod frames. The spacing between the push rods changes to adapt to the different sizes of the troughs of waste power batteries of different sizes; the third movement It is a push-out cylinder that controls the lateral moving platform 3-5-1-5 to move horizontally. The horizontal movement mainly relies on the slide groove on the vertically fixed I-shaped guide rail to make the lower part of the upper push-out device move horizontally, and the push rod can push out the pole group that has been loosened after the knife operation, and then collect it; the lower push-out device 3-5-2 is specifically as follows: the structure and function are the same as the upper push-out device 3-5-1, but when installed, it is installed upside down and symmetrical with the upper push-out device 3-5-1; the clamping device 3-5-3 is specifically as follows: the purpose is that when the automatic push-out device 3-5 at the fifth station is operating, the clamping device presses the shell of the waste power battery, allowing the push rod to push out the pole group, and then collect it, and the remaining empty battery shell is left to the back station for collection; the clamping device has a simple structure, which is composed of the third lifting platform 3-5-3-1 and the clamping plate 3-5-3-2; the functions of the four-stepping device 3-6 and the three-stepping device 3-7 are the same as the four-stepping device structure of the visual sorting online device. The sizes are different. According to the chain being one station shorter, the sizes of other parts are adjusted accordingly. Fig. 20 As shown, specifically: according to the installation space position of each small component, three types of square steels with different lengths are used to form the frame of the entire device, thereby improving the strength of the entire four-step cutting device.

Claims

1. A disassembly device for power batteries of various specifications, characterized in that include: A storage and unloading device for loading and storing disorganized batteries and transporting them to subsequent processes; A visual arrangement device is installed downstream of the storage and unloading device, which turns or arranges the batteries into the required form according to the battery size and the position of the pole groups and queues them for online placement; A four-step cutting device is provided downstream of the visual finishing on-line device, and is used to cut the battery with one or two layers of pole groups in steps, and disassemble the battery into four parts: the upper cover, the bottom plate, the pole group, and the outer shell; At least one visual finishing on-line device is arranged downstream of the storage and unloading device. When multiple visual finishing on-line devices are arranged, one four-step cutting device is independently arranged downstream of each visual finishing on-line device. The storage and unloading device comprises: two roller conveyor lines for conveying batteries and arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart; at least one storage bin, the storage bin is arranged below the roller conveyor lines, and the storage bin is provided with a feed port for batteries to enter and a discharge port connected to the feed port; The battery four-step cutting and disassembly device comprises: a first conveying component, the first conveying component is used to convey the battery to at least the first station, the second station, the third station and the fourth station of the cutting process in sequence, the battery having a top cover of a pole and a bottom cover opposite to the top cover, which are arranged respectively on both sides of the conveying direction; a first cutting component, the first cutting component is used to cut off the top cover of the battery located at the first station, so that a plurality of openings are formed on one side of the battery; a second cutting component, the second cutting component is used to cut off the bottom cover of the battery located at the second station, so that a plurality of through holes with pole groups are formed on the side of the battery; a first visual recognition component, the first visual recognition component is used to detect the number of pole group layers of the battery conveyed by the first conveying component and output a signal; a first pushing component, the first pushing component is used to receive the first visual The signal output by the recognition component is used to push the battery with one layer of pole groups located at the third station to the fifth station; the third cutting component is used to cut the battery pushed from the third station to the fifth station, so that the upper surface of the battery is separated from each pole group; the second pushing component is used to receive the signal output by the second visual recognition component, and push the battery with two layers of pole groups located at the fourth station to the sixth station; the fourth cutting component is used to cut the battery pushed from the fourth station to the sixth station, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the battery are separated from the corresponding pole groups respectively; the pushing component is used to push each pole group in the battery located at the seventh station out of the through hole, so that the battery shell and the pole group are separated.

2. The disassembly device for power batteries of multiple specifications according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The storage unloading device comprises: at least one support plate unloading assembly, the support plate unloading assembly comprises a plurality of support plates that can rotate synchronously and a driving assembly for driving each of the support plates to rotate synchronously; when the plurality of support plates rotate synchronously to a first position, a support plane is formed to support the battery, and when the plurality of support plates rotate synchronously to a second position, the battery on the support plane falls to the discharge port; at least one baffle unloading assembly, the baffle unloading assembly is used to push the battery conveyed by the roller conveyor line onto the support plane; the storage unloading device also comprises a limit frame arranged between the first conveying assembly and the support plate unloading assembly, the limit frame and the support The planes cooperate to form a storage cavity for storing batteries; a unloading conveyor line is arranged below the discharge port; in the storage unloading device, the support plate unloading assembly also includes a support plate rotating shaft, a frame and a unloading cylinder which are connected to the support plates one by one, the support plate rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, the support plate rotating shaft is also connected to at least one connecting rod, and the cylinder rod of the unloading cylinder is connected to each of the connecting rods through a connecting frame; the connecting frame is U-shaped, the middle part of the connecting frame is connected to the cylinder rod of the unloading cylinder, and the two ends of the connecting frame are respectively connected to the connecting rods connected to the two ends of the support plate rotating shaft; the supporting plane is located between the feed port and the discharge port.

3. The disassembly device for power batteries of multiple specifications according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The visual sorting device includes: a power on-line sorting system and a visual recognition measurement system coordinated with the power on-line sorting system; the power on-line sorting system includes two stepping devices arranged in parallel in the front and rear rows, and two stations are arranged in sequence on the front stepping device. The first station is provided with a pushing device flush with the battery for adjusting the offset of the battery on the stepping device, and the second station is located at the end of the stepping direction of the front stepping device, and a visual recognition measurement system is arranged at the second station; the stepping initial position of the rear stepping device is set with station No. 3, and station No. 3 is arranged front and back corresponding to the second station of the front stepping device, and is connected in the middle by a transition connecting plate for battery pushing; another visual The visual recognition measurement system is set at the No. 3 station, and a Z-axis arrangement device capable of descending and clamping to adjust the position of the battery in the Z-axis direction is also set above the No. 3 station; behind the Z-axis arrangement device, the No. 4 station and the No. 5 station are sequentially arranged along the stepping direction, and a Y-axis arrangement device capable of descending and clamping to adjust the position of the battery in the Y-axis direction is set above the No. 4 station, and an X-axis arrangement device capable of descending and clamping to adjust the position of the battery in the X-axis direction is set above the No. 5 station; each visual recognition measurement system includes a pushing arrangement device and at least one visual acquisition device, and the visual acquisition device includes a camera, a rectangular fixed bracket for fixing the camera, and the rectangular fixed bracket fixes On the stepping device or the gantry, the lens surface of the camera on each rectangular fixed bracket corresponds to the battery surface to be detected, and the pushing and sorting device is installed at a position flush with the battery below the fixed bracket to adjust the battery position and push the battery to the next station after completing the visual position detection; one visual recognition and measurement system is provided with three visual acquisition devices on the top, the outer side of the front end and the periphery of the end face downstream in the stepping direction of the battery, and the pushing and sorting device is provided below the visual acquisition device on the outer side of the front end, and the pushing and sorting device corresponds to the front and rear of the transition connecting plate to push the battery from the front stepping device to the rear stepping device; another visual recognition and measurement system is provided with two A visual acquisition device, wherein the two visual acquisition devices correspond to the battery surfaces not detected by the first three visual acquisition devices respectively: wherein a rectangular fixed bracket of one visual acquisition device is located at the rear of the rear stepping device and fixed, and a rectangular fixed bracket of another visual acquisition device is located at the end of the rear stepping device in the upstream direction of the stepping device and fixed, and the camera lenses of the two visual acquisition devices are both flush with the battery end surfaces on the corresponding No. 3 stations; another pushing and arranging device is arranged under the rectangular fixed bracket of the other visual acquisition device, and the pushing direction of the other pushing and arranging device is perpendicular to the stepping direction, and is used to push and adjust the battery position perpendicular to the stepping direction after visual acquisition;The Z-axis arrangement device includes a No. 1 lifting platform that can be adjusted vertically, and a No. 1 clamping mechanism that can be telescopically clamped in a direction perpendicular to the stepping direction and the vertical direction. The horizontal upper end surface of the No. 1 clamping mechanism is connected to the lower end surface of the No. 1 lifting platform through a turntable. The lifting platform descends to the set position according to the battery height. After the No. 1 clamping mechanism clamps the battery according to the battery size obtained by visual analysis, the turntable is rotated 90° to complete the adjustment in the Z-axis direction; the Y-axis arrangement device and the X-axis arrangement device have the same structure, and a lifting platform with the same structure as the No. 1 lifting platform is set on the top. The lifting free end of the lifting platform is fixedly connected to the top plate of the clamping mechanism below, and the clamping mechanism can be adjusted below the top plate of the clamping mechanism. The rotating suspension is provided with a cylinder clamping device, and the battery is clamped by adjusting the spacing between the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate arranged in parallel under the top plate of the cylinder clamping device, wherein the fixed clamping plate and the supporting plate for fixing the cylinder are rotatably supported and arranged on the downward cantilever plates at both ends of the top plate through a turntable, and the free end of the piston rod of the cylinder fixes the movable clamping plate, and guide rails are arranged on both sides of the cylinder for guiding the cylinder; the setting directions of the clamping mechanism under the Y-axis direction sorting device and the X-axis direction sorting device are different, and the cylinder of the clamping mechanism of the Y-axis direction sorting device is arranged parallel to the stepping direction of the rear stepping device, and the cylinder of the clamping mechanism under the X-axis direction sorting device is arranged perpendicular to the stepping direction of the rear stepping device. ; 4. A disassembly process for power batteries of various specifications, characterized in that The disassembly device for power batteries of multiple specifications as claimed in claim 3 is used to disassemble the battery into four parts: the upper cover, the bottom plate, the pole group, and the outer shell through five steps of loading, storage, online, visual collection and sorting, and four-step cutting, and the battery is classified and collected, specifically including the following steps: S1: Loading: Place the randomly placed batteries gently on the roller conveyor lines that are parallel and spaced apart in the storage and unloading device. The number of batteries on the two roller conveyor lines is basically the same; S2: Storage: The batteries transported on the two roller conveyor lines are pushed into the storage bin below each roller conveyor line by the baffle unloading assembly in the storage unloading device for storage; S3: Unloading: According to the working conditions, the support plate unloading mechanism opens the support plate below the storage bin, and the batteries slide down along the storage bin, are discharged through the discharge port opened at the bottom of the feeding channel at the lower part of the storage bin, and fall onto the unloading conveyor line below to complete the unloading; S4: Visual sorting on-line: After unloading, the battery is transported by the unloading conveyor line to the front stepping device of the visual sorting on-line device, and the three-dimensional size and pole group position of the battery are collected by vision, and the specific position of the battery in the Z-axis, Y-axis and X-axis directions is adjusted according to the visual collection results, so that the battery placed randomly after unloading is transformed into a state facing the specified direction, and then transported by the unloading conveyor line to the next step for cutting; S5: Four-step cutting and collection: The battery with one or two layers of electrode groups is disassembled and separated in steps, and the battery is disassembled into four major parts: upper cover, bottom plate, electrode group, and outer shell. The separated upper cover, bottom plate, electrode group, battery shell and acid are collected separately.

5. The disassembly process for power batteries of various specifications according to claim 4 is characterized in that In steps S2 and S3, the storage unloading device transports the batteries to a support plane for storage, wherein the support plane is formed by a plurality of rotatable support plates; each of the support plates is rotated so that the batteries on the support plane fall from the gaps between the support plates; A feeding channel is used to receive the batteries dropped from the gap, and the batteries are discharged from a discharge port opened at the bottom of the feeding channel, wherein the size of the discharge port corresponds to the size of the batteries.

6. The disassembly process for power batteries of various specifications according to claim 4 is characterized in that In step S4, the batteries are placed one by one on the front stepping device of the visual sorting device, and the front stepping device transports the batteries to the No. 1 station; at the No. 1 station, the other pushing and sorting device pushes the battery on the No. 1 station to be flush with the front end side edge of the front stepping device; the front stepping device transports the battery from the No. 1 station to the No. 2 station, at the No. 2 station, the one visual recognition and measurement system detects the size information of the battery, and the pole positions of the front two side surfaces and the top surface, and feeds back to the control system, and then pushes the battery to the No. 3 station on the rear stepping device; at the No. 3 station, the other visual recognition and measurement system detects the pole positions of the other two side surfaces of the battery and feeds back to the control system, and then the Z-axis direction sorting device extends downward to adjust the position of the battery in the Z-axis direction; after completing the position adjustment in the Z-axis direction, the battery is transported to the No. 4 station for position adjustment in the Y-axis direction; after completing the position adjustment in the Y-axis direction, the battery is transported to the No. 5 station for position adjustment in the X-axis direction, and the battery poles are placed in a directional manner at this time; The battery with one layer of electrode groups at the third station is pushed to the fifth station by the first pushing assembly; The battery pushed from the third station to the fifth station is cut by the third cutting assembly to separate the upper surface of the battery from each electrode group; The battery with two-layer electrode groups located at the fourth station is pushed to the sixth station by the second pushing assembly; The battery pushed from the fourth station to the sixth station is cut by the fourth cutting assembly, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the battery are separated from the corresponding electrode groups respectively.

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