Antennas and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses an antenna, comprising a substrate (100) and a main radiator (200), wherein the substrate (100) is provided with a first through hole (110) penetrating the substrate in the thickness direction, the main radiator (200) is mounted on the substrate (100), one end of the main radiator (200) is connected to the first through hole (110), the surface of the substrate (100) facing the main radiator (200) comprises a ground radiation area (120) and a first resonance part (130), the first resonance part (130) and the ground radiation area (120) are sequentially arranged around the first through hole (110), the ground radiation area (120) is a first metal area of ​​the substrate (100), and the first resonance part (130) is an insulating area on the substrate (100) surrounded by the ground radiation area (120). The present invention also discloses an electronic device. The above scheme can provide an antenna with good omnidirectional and bandwidth performance and suitable for industrial promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication devices, and in particular to an antenna and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of positioning technology, positioning devices are becoming more and more diverse, and at the same time, the requirements for the accuracy of location data are becoming higher and higher. The bandwidth and directional performance of the antenna in the positioning device determine the quality of the antenna positioning signal, thereby affecting the accuracy of the location data.

[0003] Therefore, how to design an antenna that has good omnidirectionality and bandwidth performance and is suitable for industrial promotion has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention discloses an antenna and electronic equipment, so as to provide an antenna with good omnidirectionality and bandwidth performance and suitable for industrial promotion.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An antenna comprises a substrate and a main radiator, wherein the substrate is provided with a first through hole penetrating the substrate in a thickness direction, the main radiator is mounted on the substrate, one end of the main radiator is connected to the first through hole, the board surface of the substrate facing the main radiator comprises a ground radiation area and a first resonance part, the first resonance part and the ground radiation area are sequentially arranged around the first through hole, the ground radiation area is a first metal area of ​​the substrate, and the first resonance part is an insulating area on the substrate surrounded by the ground radiation area.

[0007] Preferably, in the above antenna, the main radiator includes a conical radiator, the conical radiator includes a first end and a second end, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical radiator gradually decreases in the direction extending from the first end to the second end, and the second end is connected to the first through hole.

[0008] Preferably, in the above antenna, the main radiator further includes an equal-diameter radiator, the equal-diameter radiator is connected to the first end and has the same diameter as the first end, and the central axis of the equal-diameter radiator is colinear with the central axis of the conical radiator.

[0009] Preferably, in the above antenna, the ground radiation zone is an annular ground radiation zone, the conical radiator is a rotating cone, and the central axis of the conical radiator and the central axis of the ground radiation zone are collinear.

[0010] Preferably, in the above antenna, the main radiator is a solid structural member; or, the conical radiator has a first conical inner cavity, the equal-diameter radiator is a cylindrical structural member, and the inner surface of the first conical inner cavity is a conical surface.

[0011] Preferably, in the above-mentioned antenna, under the premise that the conical radiator has a first conical inner cavity, the equal-diameter radiator is a cylindrical structural part and the inner surface of the first conical inner cavity is a conical surface, the port of the equal-diameter radiator facing away from the conical radiator is covered with a metal sheet.

[0012] Preferably, in the above antenna, the metal sheet is parallel to the substrate.

[0013] Preferably, in the above antenna, the inner surface of the equal-diameter radiator is a cylindrical surface; or, the inner surface of the equal-diameter radiator is coplanar with the conical surface; or, the central axis of the equal-diameter radiator is perpendicular to the substrate; or, the height of the equal-diameter radiator does not exceed 4 mm.

[0014] Preferably, in the above antenna, the angle between the outer surface of the conical radiator and the substrate is 46-54°; or, the diameter of the second end of the conical radiator does not exceed 5mm; or, the distance between the plane where the first end of the conical radiator is located and the substrate is 5-15mm.

[0015] Preferably, in the above antenna, the antenna further includes a second resonance part, the main radiator is supported on the substrate through the second resonance part, and the main radiator is connected to the first through hole through the second resonance part.

[0016] Preferably, in the above antenna, a dimension of the second resonant portion in a direction perpendicular to the substrate is 0.1-0.4 mm, or the main radiator and the second resonant portion are an integrated structure.

[0017] Preferably, in the above antenna, the outer radius of the first resonant part is 2-4 mm; or, the outer diameter of the ground radiation zone is 20-40 mm; or, a tin layer or a gold layer is provided on the surface of the ground radiation zone; or, the main radiator is a copper structural member.

[0018] Preferably, in the above antenna, a dimension of the second resonance portion in a direction perpendicular to the substrate is 0.1-0.4 mm.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned antenna, the antenna also includes a RF connector, the RF connector includes a shell and a RF needle, the RF needle is arranged on the shell, the shell is connected to the substrate, the shell is electrically connected to the ground radiation area, the RF needle penetrates into the first through hole, and the RF needle is signal-connected to an end of the main radiator connected to the first through hole.

[0020] Preferably, in the above antenna, a surface of the substrate facing away from the main radiator includes a second metal area, the first metal area is electrically connected to the second metal area, and the housing is connected to the second metal area by welding.

[0021] Preferably, in the above antenna, the substrate is provided with a second through hole penetrating the substrate in a thickness direction thereof, an electrical connection portion is provided in the second through hole, and the electrical connection portion electrically connects the second metal area and the first metal area.

[0022] Preferably, in the above antenna, under the premise that the main radiator is a hollow structure, the port at one end of the main radiator connected to the first through hole is connected to the first through hole, and the RF needle penetrates into the inner cavity of the main radiator through the first through hole.

[0023] An electronic device comprises the antenna mentioned above, wherein the substrate is a circuit board.

[0024] The technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The antenna disclosed in the present invention improves the existing antenna structure so that the substrate includes a first resonant part that can cooperate with the main radiator. The first resonant part is an insulating area surrounding the first through hole on the surface of the substrate facing the main radiator. That is to say, the surface of the first resonant part facing the main radiator is the surface of the substrate. Compared with the annular resonator that plays a resonant role in the prior art and protrudes from the surface of the substrate, the first resonant part in the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention does not protrude from the surface of the substrate, so it can reduce the occupied space, and then make the volume of the entire antenna smaller, so it is more suitable for industrial promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 and Figure 2 They are schematic diagrams of the structure of an antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention at different viewing angles;

[0028] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein: Figure 4 The ground radiation area 120 and the second metal area 140 are both located within the corresponding board surface of the substrate 100 and do not protrude from the board surface. Figure 3 The bold lines are for schematic purposes only;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of return loss of an antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 5 The dotted curve in refers to the return loss curve when the height of the second resonant portion is 0 mm (i.e., the antenna does not include the second resonant portion); Figure 5 The solid curve in the middle refers to the return loss curve when the height of the second resonant part is 0.2 mm;

[0031] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of return loss of the antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 In the viewing angle shown, from top to bottom, the return loss curves are respectively 54°, 52°, 50°, 48°, and 46° between the outer surface of the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100;

[0032] Figure 7 is a radiation pattern of the antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein: Figure 7 The solid line in the middle is the vertical deflection wave, and the dotted line is the horizontal deflection wave;

[0033] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of return loss of the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 In the viewing angle shown, from top to bottom are return loss curves of equal-diameter radiators 220 at heights of 0 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm;

[0034] Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of return loss of the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 In the viewing angle shown, from top to bottom, the return loss curves are respectively 54°, 52°, 50°, 48°, and 46° between the outer surface of the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100;

[0035] Fig.10 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of return loss disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 In the viewing angle shown, from top to bottom, the return loss curves of the heights of the second resonator 300 are 0 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.1 mm respectively;

[0036] Fig.11 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of return loss of the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 In the viewing angle shown, from top to bottom are return loss curves of the outer diameters of the first resonator 130 of 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, and 5 mm respectively;

[0037] Fig.12 It is another return loss schematic diagram of the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention. Fig.12 is a return loss curve of the dimensions of various components of the antenna in the embodiment of the present invention at preferred values;

[0038] Fig.13 The gain and radiation pattern of the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention when the center frequency is 4 GHz;

[0039] Fig.14 The gain and radiation pattern of the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention at a center frequency of 5.25 GHz;

[0040] Fig.15 The gain and radiation pattern of the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention at a center frequency of 6.5 GHz;

[0041] Fig.16 The gain and radiation pattern of the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention at a center frequency of 8 GHz; wherein, Figure 13-Figure 16 The solid line in the figure is the vertical deflection wave, and the dotted line is the horizontal deflection wave;

[0042] in, Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 In the figure, the vertical axis refers to the return loss amplitude; the horizontal axis refers to the frequency.

[0043] Description of reference numerals:

[0044] 100 - substrate, 110 - first through hole, 120 - ground radiation area, 130 - first resonance part, 140 - second metal area, 150 - second through hole, 160 - electrical connection part,

[0045] 200-main radiator, 210-conical radiator, 220-equal diameter radiator, 230-metal sheet,

[0046] 300-second resonance part,

[0047] 400-RF connector, 410-housing, 420-RF pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The technical solutions disclosed in various embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 An embodiment of the present invention discloses an antenna, which includes a substrate 100 and a main radiator 200.

[0051] The substrate 100 is a basic component of the antenna. The substrate 100 can provide a mounting position for the main radiator 200. At the same time, the substrate 100 can also form the functional structure of the antenna. In the embodiment of the present invention, the substrate 100 is provided with a first through hole 110 that runs through its thickness direction. The first through hole 110 is used for the RF connector 400 of the antenna to input electromagnetic waves. The first through hole 110 is usually a circular hole. Of course, the first through hole 110 can also be other shapes. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific shape of the first through hole 110. Generally, the substrate 100 can be a disk, a square disk or the like. Similarly, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the substrate 100.

[0052] The main radiator 200 is mounted on the substrate 100, and the main radiator 200 is used to radiate and receive electromagnetic waves. The main radiator 200 is usually a metal structure. Usually, the main radiator 200 is mounted on the substrate 100 in a fixed manner. For example, the main radiator 200 can be mounted on the substrate 100 by welding, bonding, clamping, or other commonly used fixing methods.

[0053] As described above, the main radiator 200 is mounted on the substrate 100 . Specifically, one end of the main radiator 200 is connected to the first through hole 110 , and the RF connector of the antenna inputs electromagnetic waves to one end of the main radiator 200 through the first through hole 110 .

[0054] The board surface of the substrate 100 facing the main radiator 200 includes a ground radiation area 120 and a first resonance part 130. The first resonance part 130 and the ground radiation area 120 are sequentially arranged around the first through hole 110. Specifically, the first resonance part 130 surrounds the first through hole 110, and the ground radiation area 120 surrounds the outer side of the first resonance part 130. The ground radiation area 120 can achieve a shielding effect. The first resonance part 130 and the main radiator 200 work together to generate electromagnetic waves.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the ground radiation area 120 is the first metal area of ​​the substrate 100, and the first resonance part 130 is an insulating area on the substrate 100 surrounded by the ground radiation area 120. As described above, the ground radiation area 120 and the first resonance part 130 are both a portion of the surface of the substrate 100 facing the main radiator 200.

[0056] The antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention improves the existing antenna structure, so that the substrate 100 includes a first resonant part 130 that can cooperate with the main radiator 200. The first resonant part 130 is an insulating area surrounding the first through hole 110 on the board surface of the substrate 100 facing the main radiator 200. That is, the surface of the first resonant part 130 facing the main radiator 200 is the board surface of the substrate 100. Compared with the annular resonator that plays a resonant role in the prior art and protrudes from the surface of the substrate, the first resonant part 130 in the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention does not protrude from the board surface of the substrate 100, so it can reduce the occupied space, and then the volume of the entire antenna can be smaller, so it is more suitable for industrial promotion.

[0057] There may be a variety of substrate 100 structures that meet the above requirements. In a more preferred solution, the substrate 100 may be a circuit board. Since a metal layer and an insulating layer are provided in the circuit board, a first metal area and an insulating area may be formed by making appropriate structural adjustments to the structure of the finished circuit board. Obviously, this method of forming the substrate 100 has the advantages of simple process and convenient manufacturing. The circuit board usually includes a copper layer. In this case, the first metal area may be the first copper leakage area of ​​the circuit board. The first copper leakage area has better signal transmission capability, so that the antenna achieves a better ground radiation effect.

[0058] As described above, the main radiator 200 is used to receive and send electromagnetic waves, and the main radiator 200 that can achieve its function can have a variety of structures. Figure 1-Figure 4 , the main radiator 200 may include a conical radiator 210, the conical radiator 210 includes a first end and a second end, and in the direction extending from the first end to the second end, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical radiator 210 gradually decreases, and the second end of the conical radiator 210 is connected to the first through hole 110. In this case, the signal input by the RF connector of the antenna will be transmitted from the second end of the conical radiator 210 with a smaller cross-sectional area to the first end with a larger cross-sectional area, and finally radiated, which is beneficial to improve the radiation performance of the signal. Specifically, the angle between the outer surface of the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 can be 40-60°. In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the outer surface of the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 can be 50°. In this case, the vertical lobe width is wide, so that the antenna has good ultra-wideband omnidirectional performance and is more suitable for ultra-wideband positioning equipment.

[0059] Specifically, the distance between the plane where the first end of the conical radiator 210 is located and the substrate 100 may be 5-15 mm. In a preferred solution, the distance between the plane where the first end of the conical radiator 210 is located and the substrate 100 may be 12 mm.

[0060] The first end of the conical radiator 210 is away from the substrate 100. In order to facilitate processing and installation and prevent the first end of the conical radiator 210 from scratching the operator, in a more preferred solution, the main radiator 200 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention may also include an equal-diameter radiator 220. The equal-diameter radiator 220 is connected to the first end of the conical radiator 210 and has the same diameter as the first end of the conical radiator 210. The central axis of the equal-diameter radiator 220 can be colinear with the central axis of the conical radiator 210. The equal-diameter radiator 220 can extend with the same diameter, thereby forming a better gripping surface and preventing the edge of the first end of the conical radiator 210 from being too sharp. Specifically, the central axis of the equal-diameter radiator 220 can be perpendicular to the substrate 100. At the same time, the arrangement of the equal-diameter radiator 220 can improve the antenna gain.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, the ground radiation area 120 is arranged around the first through hole 110, and the ground radiation area 120 also surrounds the second end of the conical radiator 210. In a more preferred solution, the ground radiation area 120 may be an annular ground radiation area, and the conical radiator 210 may be a rotating conical body, and the central axis of the conical radiator 210 is collinear with the central axis of the ground radiation area 120. In this case, the structure formed by the conical radiator 210 and the ground radiation area 120 is a 360° rotating structure, so that the antenna can become an omnidirectional antenna, thereby further improving the omnidirectional performance of the antenna.

[0062] Specifically, under the premise that the ground radiation zone 120 is an annular ground radiation zone and the conical radiator 210 is a rotating cone, the central axis of the conical radiator 210, the central axis of the ground radiation zone 120 and the central axis of the first through hole 110 are colinear, thereby further improving the omnidirectional balance of the electromagnetic waves input into the conical radiator 210 through the first through hole 110.

[0063] As described above, the substrate 100 may be a disk, under which the first through hole 110 may be located at the center of the substrate 100. Based on this, in a preferred solution, the central axis of the substrate 100 is collinear with the central axis of the first through hole 110, that is, the central axis of the substrate 100, the central axis of the conical radiator 210, and the central axis of the annular ground radiation area may be collinear. In this case, the entire antenna is a rotating structural member, which facilitates the design and assembly of the antenna.

[0064] The main radiator 200 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention may be a solid structural member. Of course, the main radiator 200 may be a hollow structural member.

[0065] Under the premise that the main radiator 200 is a hollow structural member, the conical radiator 210 has a first conical inner cavity, the equal-diameter radiator 220 can be a cylindrical structural member, and the inner surface of the first conical inner cavity can be a conical surface. In a more preferred solution, the inner surface of the equal-diameter radiator 220 can be a cylindrical surface, and of course, the inner surface of the equal-diameter radiator 220 can be coplanar with the conical surface, so that the inner surface of the whole formed by the equal-diameter radiator 220 and the conical radiator 210 is a conical surface as a whole.

[0066] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, in a more preferred solution, the port of the equal-diameter radiator 220 away from the conical radiator 210 is covered with a metal sheet 230. The metal sheet 230 can make the gain of the antenna higher, and at the same time make the radiation path closed and the electric field path clearer, that is, from the surface of the metal sheet 230 along the lateral slope of the conical radiator 210 to the feeding point. Specifically, the metal sheet 230 can be parallel to the substrate 100. In this case, the angle between the metal sheet 230 and the inner wall of the conical radiator 210 is equal to the angle between the outer surface of the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100. If the above angle is too small, it will lead to a large processing error, which will affect the resonant frequency of the antenna, and then the performance of the antenna will be reduced.

[0067] In order to achieve better resonance, in a more preferred solution, the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention may further include a second resonant portion 300, and the main radiator 200 is supported on the substrate 100 through the second resonant portion 300, that is, one end of the main radiator 200 is connected to the first through hole 110 through the second resonant portion 300. In this case, under the support of the second resonant portion 300, a larger gap can be provided between the main radiator 200 and the substrate 100, so that the main radiator 200 and the first resonant portion 130 can achieve better resonance, and at the same time, it is beneficial to the transmission of electromagnetic waves. It can be seen that the second resonant portion 300 can optimize the resonance performance and better radiation of signals.

[0068] If the distance between the main radiator 200 and the substrate 100 is too small, the radiation of electromagnetic waves will be affected. If the distance between the main radiator 200 and the substrate 100 is too large, the radiation of electromagnetic waves will be affected. Therefore, when the antenna includes the second resonant part 300, the performance is better. Of course, under the premise that the antenna does not include the second resonant part 300, the height of the second resonant part 300 is equivalent to 0 mm.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, the radius of the second end of the conical radiator 210 may be equal to the inner radius of the first resonant portion 130, that is, the diameter of the second end of the conical radiator 210 and the inner diameter of the second resonant portion 300 may be equal. When the antenna further includes the second resonant portion 300, the diameter of the second end of the conical radiator 210, the diameter of the second resonant portion 300, and the inner diameter of the second resonant portion 300 may also be equal. The above-mentioned dimensional relationship can form a better connection between the various parts, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0070] On the premise that the main radiator 200 includes a conical radiator 210 and the conical radiator 210 has a first conical inner cavity, the second resonant part 300 can be a cylindrical structure, so as to connect the second conical inner cavity with the first through hole 110, so as to facilitate the partial structure of the RF connector 400 to extend into the first conical inner cavity through the first through hole 110 and the second resonant part 300, which is more conducive to the input of electromagnetic waves.

[0071] In order to facilitate assembly and manufacturing, in a more preferred solution, the main radiator 200 and the second resonant part 300 can be an integrated structural component.

[0072] In a more preferred solution, a tin layer or a gold layer may be provided on the surface of the ground radiation area 120, thereby making the ground radiation area 120 more resistant to oxidation while not affecting the radiation performance. Specifically, the tin layer or the gold layer may be formed by spraying.

[0073] The antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes a radio frequency connector 400, which inputs electromagnetic waves to the main radiator 200. There are many types of radio frequency connectors 400. Please refer to Figure 4 In a specific embodiment, the RF connector 400 may include a housing 410 and a RF needle 420. The RF needle 420 is disposed on the housing 410, and the housing 410 is connected to the substrate 100, thereby realizing the assembly between the entire RF connector 400 and the substrate 100. The RF needle 420 penetrates the first through hole 110, and the RF needle 420 is signal-connected to one end of the main radiator 200 connected to the first through hole 110, so that the RF needle 420 inputs electromagnetic waves into the main radiator 200.

[0074] Typically, the housing 410 of the RF connector 400 is grounded. Based on this, in a more preferred solution, the housing 410 may be electrically connected to the grounded radiation area 120 . This method makes it easier to ground the grounded radiation area 120 .

[0075] There are many ways to achieve electrical connection between the ground radiation area 120 and the shell 410. In a more preferred solution, the board surface of the substrate 100 away from the main radiator 200 includes a second metal area 140, the second metal area 140 is electrically connected to the ground radiation area 120, and the shell 410 is welded to the second metal area 140. In this case, the assembly between the RF connector 400 and the substrate 100 can be achieved, and the ground radiation area 120 can be grounded and connected to the shell 410 through the second metal area 140. Under the premise that the substrate 100 is a circuit board, the second metal area 140 can be a second copper leakage area of ​​the circuit board. The second copper leakage area has a good signal transmission capability, and thus can achieve a better ground connection effect.

[0076] In order to facilitate the electrical connection between the ground radiation area 120 and the second metal area 140, the substrate 100 may be provided with a second through hole 150 that runs through the thickness direction thereof, and an electrical connection portion 160 is provided in the second through hole 150, and the electrical connection portion 160 electrically connects the first metal area and the second metal area. This connection method is faster and has a simpler structure. The electrical connection portion 160 may be a metal plating layer, a metal filler, etc. provided in the second through hole 150, and the specific type of the electrical connection portion 160 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] As described above, the main radiator 200 can be a hollow structural member or a solid structural member. Under the premise that the main radiator 200 is a hollow structure, the port at one end of the main radiator 200 connected to the first through hole 110 (the second end of the main radiator 200) is connected to the first through hole 110, and the RF needle 420 can pass through the first through hole 110 into the inner cavity of the main radiator 200, thereby better realizing the input of electromagnetic waves to the main radiator 200.

[0078] In order to facilitate manufacturing and simplify installation, in the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the main radiator 200 is preferably an integrated structural component, for example, the main radiator 200 can be an integrated casting.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present invention, the main radiator 200 may be made of a variety of metal materials. For example, the main radiator 200 may be a copper structural member. Specifically, the main radiator 200 may be made of brass or bronze.

[0080] The antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention provides ultra-wideband signals in multiple frequency bands. The center frequency of the ultra-wideband signal provided by the antenna is related to the size of each component of the antenna.

[0081] For example, in some embodiments, when the center frequency of the ultra-wideband signal provided by the antenna is between 4 GHZ and 8 GHZ, the dimensions of the components of the antenna are as follows:

[0082] The included angle between the outer surface of the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 is 46-54°. In a preferred embodiment, the included angle between the outer surface of the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 may be 50°.

[0083] The outer diameter of the ground radiation zone 120 is 20-40 mm. In a more preferred solution, the outer diameter of the ground radiation zone 120 may be 28 mm.

[0084] Among them, the conical radiator 210 is specifically a rotating cone, and the diameter of the second end of the conical radiator 210 may not exceed 5mm. In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the second end of the conical radiator 210 may be 3mm, that is, the radius of the second end of the conical radiator 210 may be 1.5mm.

[0085] The first resonant part 130 is a ring-shaped structure, having an inner diameter (the inner radius is half of the inner diameter) and an outer diameter (the outer radius is half of the outer diameter), wherein the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is 2-4 mm, and the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is equal to the radius of the second end of the conical radiator 210. In a more preferred solution, the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 may be 3.5 mm. That is, when the radius of the second end of the conical radiator 210 is 1.5 mm, the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is also 1.5 mm. At this time, if the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is 3.5 mm, the difference between the inner and outer radii (i.e., the difference between the inner radius and the outer radius) of the first resonant part 130 is 2 mm.

[0086] The distance between the plane where the first end of the conical radiator 210 is located and the substrate 100 is 5-15 mm. In a preferred solution, the distance between the plane where the first end of the conical radiator 210 is located and the substrate 100 may be 12 mm.

[0087] Optionally, the antenna further includes an equal-diameter radiator 220, wherein the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220 may not exceed 4 mm, and in a preferred embodiment, the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220 may be 2 mm. It should be noted that the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220 refers to the dimension of the equal-diameter radiator 220 along the extension direction of its central axis.

[0088] Optionally, the antenna further includes a second resonant portion 300, wherein the size (i.e., height) of the second resonant portion 300 in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 100 may be 0.1-0.4 mm, so that the antenna can have a good gain. In a more preferred solution, the size of the second resonant portion 300 in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 100 may be 0.2 mm.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 5-Figure 16 , the antenna performance in the embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0090] In some embodiments, the antenna includes a substrate 100, a main radiator 200, a ground radiation area 120 and a first resonant portion 130, wherein the main radiator 200 includes only a conical radiator 210, does not include an equal-diameter radiator 220, and the antenna does not include a second resonant portion 300 (that is, the height of the second resonant portion 300 is 0 mm). Figure 5 The antenna performances in these embodiments are exemplarily described.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 5 , the height of the conical radiator 210 is 12 mm, the outer diameter of the ground radiation area 120 is 28 mm, the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is 3.5 mm, the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is 1.5 mm, and the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0 mm. Figure 5 The middle dotted line shows that the bandwidth of the antenna is 1 GHz, which can meet the bandwidth requirement of ultra-wideband signals. Figure 5 In the calculation, the antenna bandwidth is calculated based on the -10dB return loss point.

[0092] In some other embodiments, the antenna includes a substrate 100, a main radiator 200, a ground radiation area 120 and a first resonant part 130, wherein the main radiator 200 only includes a conical radiator 210, does not include an equal-diameter radiator 220, and the antenna includes a second resonant part 300. Figure 5-Figure 7 The antenna performances in these embodiments are exemplarily described.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 5 , the height of the conical radiator 210 is 12 mm, the outer diameter of the ground radiation area 120 is 28 mm, the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is 3.5 mm, the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is 1.5 mm, and the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0.2 mm. Figure 5 The solid line shows that the bandwidth of the antenna is 2.5 GHz. Compared with the solution without the first resonant part 130, the antenna in the embodiment including the first resonant part 130 has a more superior ultra-wideband performance. Figure 5 In the calculation, the antenna bandwidth is calculated based on the -10dB return loss point.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 6 , the height of the conical radiator 210 is 12 mm, the outer diameter of the ground radiation area 120 is 28 mm, the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is 3.5 mm, the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is 1.5 mm, the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0.2 mm, and the angle between the ground radiation area 120 and the conical radiator 210 is adjusted in sequence, that is, the angle between the substrate 100 and the conical radiator 210 is adjusted to simulate, by Figure 6It can be seen that the smaller the angle between the ground radiation area 120 and the conical radiator 210 is, the wider the bandwidth of the antenna is.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 7 , the height of the conical radiator 210 is 12 mm, the outer diameter of the ground radiation area 120 is 28 mm, the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is 3.5 mm, the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is 1.5 mm, the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0.2 mm, and the angle between the ground radiation area 120 and the conical radiator 210 is 50°. Figure 7 It can be seen that at this time, the horizontal polarization wave of the antenna shows a gain of 0.5-2dBi in the range of 0-360° (i.e., it is an omnidirectional antenna); the vertical polarization wave has a small gain within ±20° (less than -5dBi), and the vertical lobe width is relatively high, about 70°. The antenna has good omnidirectional ultra-wideband antenna performance.

[0096] In some other embodiments, the antenna includes a substrate 100, a main radiator 200, a ground radiation area 120, a first resonant part 130 and a second resonant part 300, wherein the main radiator 200 includes a conical radiator 210 and an equal-diameter radiator 220. Figure 8-Figure 16 The antenna performance in these embodiments is described.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 The relationship between the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220 and S11 is shown. Figure 8 The height of the conical radiator 210 is 12 mm, the ground radiation area 120 is 28 mm, the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is 3.5 mm, the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is 1.5 mm, the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0.2 mm, the angle between the ground radiation area 120 and the conical radiator 210 is 50°, and the height interval of the equal-diameter radiator 220 is set to 0-4 mm, and the scanning simulation is performed with a step of 1 mm. Figure 8 It can be seen that the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220 affects the resonant frequency of the antenna, but has little effect on the bandwidth of the antenna. The smaller the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220, the lower the resonant frequency of the antenna. At each height value, the antenna bandwidth is relatively wide, and can reach 2.5 GHz and above. Among them, the antenna bandwidth is calculated based on the -10dB return loss point.

[0098] Please refer to Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The relationship between the angle between the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 and S11 is shown. Fig. 9The height of the conical radiator 210 is 12 mm, the outer diameter of the ground radiation area 120 is 28 mm, the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is 3.5 mm, the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is 1.5 mm, the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0.2 mm, and the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220 is 2 mm. The angle between the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 is set to 46-54°, ​​and the scanning simulation is performed with a stepping amplitude of 2°. Fig. 9 It can be seen that the angle between the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 affects the bandwidth and radiation frequency of the antenna, and also has an impact on the resonant frequency of the antenna, but the impact is relatively small. If the angle between the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 is too large or too small, the bandwidth of the antenna will become smaller. When the angle between the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 is 50°, the antenna has the best performance, and the bandwidth of the antenna reaches 2.5 GHz and above. The antenna bandwidth is calculated based on the -10 dB return loss point.

[0099] Please refer to Fig.10 , Fig.10 The relationship between the height of the second resonator 300 and S11 is shown. Fig.10 The height of the conical radiator 210 is 12mm, the outer diameter of the ground radiation area 120 is 28mm, the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is 3.5mm, the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is 1.5mm, the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220 is 2mm, the angle between the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 is 50°, and the height interval of the second resonant part 300 is set to 0-0.4mm, and the simulation is scanned with a step of 0.1mm. Fig.10 It can be seen that when the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0mm, that is, under the premise that the second resonant part 300 does not exist, the resonant frequency of the antenna changes significantly, from 5.25GHz to 4.6GHz, and the overall return loss of the antenna is higher, from a minimum of -45dB to a minimum of -27dB, and the -10dB bandwidth is narrowed from 2.5GHz bandwidth from 4.25 to 6.75GHz to 1.6GHz bandwidth from 3.9G to 5.5GHz, which is ultimately reflected in the low signal radiation efficiency of the antenna. In actual products, considering that when the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0.1mm, due to processing tolerance, the problem of resonant frequency offset is very likely to occur. Therefore, in a more preferred solution, the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0.2mm. In this case, the return loss and radiation efficiency of the antenna are more appropriate, and the processing error is small, and there will be no problem of resonant frequency offset.

[0100] Please refer to Fig.11 , Fig.11 The relationship between the radius of the first resonator 130 and S11 is shown. Fig.11The height of the conical radiator 210 is 12mm, the outer diameter of the ground radiation area 120 is 28mm, the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220 is 2mm, the angle between the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 is 50°, the height of the second resonant part 300 is 0.2mm, the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 is 1.5mm, and the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is set to 2-5mm, and the step amplitude is 0.5mm. Scan simulation. Fig.11 It can be seen that if the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 is too large or too small, the resonant frequency will shift and the bandwidth will decrease. In a more preferred solution, the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 can be 3.5 mm, at which time the minimum return loss of the antenna is about -43 dB, the antenna bandwidth is wide, and the antenna bandwidth can reach 2.5 GHz, wherein the antenna bandwidth is calculated at the -10 dB return loss point.

[0101] Please refer again Fig.12 The simulation is performed with the height of the conical radiator 210 being 12 mm, the outer diameter of the ground radiation area 120 being 28 mm, the height of the equal-diameter radiator 220 being 2 mm, the angle between the conical radiator 210 and the substrate 100 being 50°, the height of the second resonant part 300 being 0.2 mm, and the inner radius of the first resonant part 130 being 1.5 mm and the outer radius of the first resonant part 130 being 3.5 mm. Fig.12 It can be seen that the return loss of the antenna is -8dB at the center frequency of 4GHz, -46dB at the center frequency of 5.2GHz, -11dB at the center frequency of 6.5GHz, and -6.7dB at the center frequency of 8GHz; continue to refer to Figure 13-Figure 16 When the center frequencies of the antenna are 4GHz, 5.25GHz, 6.5GHz, and 8GHz, respectively, its horizontal deflection wave shows a gain of 0-2dBi in the range of 0-360° (i.e., it is an omnidirectional antenna); its vertical deflection wave has a low gain (less than -5dBi) within ±30 degrees, and a high vertical lobe width of about 65 degrees. Therefore, when the center frequency of the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is in the range of 4-8GHz, it has excellent omnidirectionality and ultra-wideband characteristics. Therefore, the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to different types of ultra-wideband devices and has a wide range of applications.

[0102] It should be noted that the above is only an exemplary description when the center frequency of the antenna is 4 GHz, 5.25 GHz, 6.5 GHz, and 8 GHz. The size relationship between the components in the antenna can be adjusted according to different application requirements so that the antenna also has good omnidirectional and ultra-wideband characteristics at other center frequencies.

[0103] The antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention may be a UWB (Ultra Wideband, carrier-free communication technology) antenna. The high-precision positioning based on UWB has high requirements on the antenna omnidirectionality and bandwidth characteristics. The antenna has good omnidirectional performance, which can make the quality of the ultra-wideband signals sent and received by the ultra-wideband positioning device in all directions balanced, so that the location data obtained by performing spatial composition solution based on ultra-wideband signals in multiple directions is more accurate; the antenna has good bandwidth characteristics, that is, the bandwidth of the antenna is wide enough, so that the ultra-wideband signals sent and received by the ultra-wideband positioning device are sufficiently "narrow" in the time domain, so that the location data calculated based on the time difference between the reception and transmission of multiple ultra-wideband signals is more accurate. Of course, the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention may also be other types of antennas, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific type of antenna.

[0104] Based on the antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention discloses an electronic device, and the disclosed electronic device includes the antenna described in the above embodiment. Specifically, the electronic device can be a mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone), a small base station, etc. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific type of the electronic device.

[0105] The above embodiments of the present invention focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form a better embodiment. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be repeated here.

[0106] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a substrate (100) and a main radiator (200), wherein the substrate (100) is provided with a first through hole (110) penetrating the substrate (100) in a thickness direction thereof, the main radiator (200) is mounted on the substrate (100), one end of the main radiator (200) is connected to the first through hole (110), the surface of the substrate (100) facing the main radiator (200) comprises a ground radiation area (120) and a first resonance part (130), the first resonance part (130) and the ground radiation area (120) are arranged around the first through hole (110) in sequence, the ground radiation area (120) is a first metal area of ​​the substrate (100), the first resonance part (130) is an insulating area on the substrate (100) surrounded by the ground radiation area (120), and the first through hole (110) is located at the center of the substrate (100).

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The main radiator (200) comprises a conical radiator (210), the conical radiator (210) comprises a first end and a second end, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical radiator (210) gradually decreases in a direction extending from the first end to the second end, and the second end is connected to the first through hole (110).

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main radiator (200) further comprises an equal-diameter radiator (220), wherein the equal-diameter radiator (220) is connected to the first end and has a diameter equal to that of the first end, and the central axis of the equal-diameter radiator (220) is colinear with the central axis of the conical radiator (210).

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ground radiation zone (120) is an annular ground radiation zone, the conical radiator (210) is a rotating conical body, and the central axis of the conical radiator (210) and the central axis of the ground radiation zone (120) are collinear.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main radiator (200) is a solid structural member; or the conical radiator (210) has a first conical inner cavity, the equal-diameter radiator (220) is a cylindrical structural member, and the inner surface of the first conical inner cavity is a conical surface.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that On the premise that the conical radiator (210) has a first conical inner cavity, the equal-diameter radiator (220) is a cylindrical structural member, and the inner surface of the first conical inner cavity is a conical surface, the port of the equal-diameter radiator (220) facing away from the conical radiator (210) is covered with a metal sheet (230).

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The metal sheet (230) is parallel to the substrate (100).

8. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner surface of the equal-diameter radiator (220) is a cylindrical surface; or, the inner surface of the equal-diameter radiator (220) is coplanar with the conical surface; or, the central axis of the equal-diameter radiator (220) is perpendicular to the substrate (100); or, the height of the equal-diameter radiator (220) does not exceed 4 mm.

9. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the outer surface of the conical radiator (210) and the substrate (100) is 46-54°; or, the diameter of the second end of the conical radiator (210) does not exceed 5 mm; or, the distance between the plane where the first end of the conical radiator (210) is located and the substrate (100) is 5-15 mm.

10. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antenna further comprises a second resonance part (300), the main radiator (200) is supported on the substrate (100) via the second resonance part (300), and the main radiator (200) is connected to the first through hole (110) via the second resonance part (300).

11. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that: The size of the second resonant part (300) in a direction perpendicular to the substrate (100) is 0.1-0.4 mm, or the main radiator (200) and the second resonant part (300) are an integrated structural component.

12. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer radius of the first resonant part (130) is 2-4 mm; or, the outer diameter of the ground radiation area (120) is 20-40 mm; or, a tin layer or a gold layer is provided on the surface of the ground radiation area (120); or, the main radiator (200) is a copper structural part.

13. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna further comprises a radio frequency connector (400), the radio frequency connector (400) comprising a housing (410) and a radio frequency needle (420), the radio frequency needle (420) being arranged on the housing (410), the housing (410) being connected to the substrate (100), the housing (410) being electrically connected to the ground radiation area (120), the radio frequency needle (420) penetrating into the first through hole (110), and the radio frequency needle (420) being signal-connected to an end of the main radiator (200) connected to the first through hole (110).

14. The antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that The surface of the substrate (100) facing away from the main radiator (200) comprises a second metal area (140), the first metal area is electrically connected to the second metal area (140), and the housing (410) is connected to the second metal area (140) by welding.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that The substrate (100) is provided with a second through hole (150) penetrating the substrate in its thickness direction. An electrical connection portion (160) is provided in the second through hole (150). The electrical connection portion (160) electrically connects the second metal area (140) and the first metal area.

16. The antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that: On the premise that the main radiator (200) is a hollow structure, a port on one end of the main radiator (200) connected to the first through hole (110) is connected to the first through hole (110), and the radio frequency needle (420) penetrates into the inner cavity of the main radiator (200) through the first through hole (110).

17. An electronic device, characterized in that: The antenna comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the substrate (100) is a circuit board.

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