An emergency drainage manhole cover and an emergency drainage method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an emergency drainage manhole cover and an emergency drainage method, belonging to the field of urban flood control and waterlogging prevention. The emergency drainage manhole cover includes: a cover body, a filtering device, and a surfactant, where the surfactant is a water-soluble polymer material; the cover body is provided with drainage holes, and the filtering device is installed below the cover body; the surfactant is filled in the filtering device so as to dissolve in water when water flows through the drainage holes and the filtering device, making the water become a viscoelastic fluid and enter the drainage pipeline. The emergency drainage manhole cover of the present invention can release the surfactant to dissolve in water during the water seepage process, change the physical properties of the water flow, thereby reducing the resistance suffered by the water flow, enabling the drainage pipeline to have a stronger drainage capacity, and effectively avoiding the occurrence of urban waterlogging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of urban flood control and waterlogging prevention, and relates to an emergency drainage manhole cover and an emergency drainage method. More specifically, it relates to a design scheme of a manhole cover for enhancing urban water resource transfer and rainstorm management capabilities. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, every summer, urban waterlogging has been a common phenomenon across the country, and "watching the sea at home" has become a helpless self-mockery of the public towards waterlogging. Urban waterlogging has become one of the most concerned issues of the public. The main hazards of urban waterlogging are as follows:

[0003] (1) Urban waterlogging affects people's normal life, hinders people's outdoor activities, and serious waterlogging will threaten people's life and property safety.

[0004] (2) Urban waterlogging restricts industrial manufacturing. In the face of urban waterlogging, factories and engineering projects have large-scale shutdowns, resulting in stagnant industrial production;

[0005] (3) Urban waterlogging hinders transportation, forcing transportation to proceed at a low speed, wasting a large amount of operating time and fuel. When waterlogging is severe, transportation within the city will come to a standstill;

[0006] (4) Urban waterlogging seriously damages the environment. Urban waterlogging causes a lot of domestic waste and industrial waste to enter other areas of the city with the water flow, causing great pollution to the environment;

[0007] (5) After the waterlogging recedes, a large number of bacteria breeding in the humid environment can cause various diseases, which will seriously threaten people's physical health.

[0008] Currently, the main reason for urban waterlogging is that during the construction of the drainage system in the city, there is insufficient investment and preparation in rainstorm management regulation and water resource transfer. When encountering heavy rainfall, the accumulated water gathers in low-lying areas, and the urban drainage capacity is limited. The short-term rainfall is much greater than the drainage volume, and the accumulated water cannot be drained in time, resulting in waterlogging in a large area.

[0009] To solve urban waterlogging, it can start from two aspects: one is to increase the number of drainage pipes and improve the urban drainage system, but the cost is too high and the time used is too long; the other is to increase the transportation capacity of the existing drainage pipes, that is, to speed up the transportation speed of the drainage pipes. However, the existing solution is to coat the inner wall of the drainage pipes with superhydrophobic coatings to reduce the water flow resistance. This method can greatly improve the transportation capacity of the drainage pipes, but the preparation, coating, and maintenance costs of the coatings are relatively high, not suitable for large-scale promotion and use, and it is also difficult to directly adopt this scheme for the drainage pipes that have been built and put into use.

[0010] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more convenient and feasible drainage pipeline renovation plan to improve the drainage capacity and reduce urban waterlogging. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides an emergency drainage manhole cover and an emergency drainage method. The purpose is to modify water into a viscoelastic fluid by using a surfactant, thereby inhibiting the generation of turbulence during the process of water flowing through the drainage pipeline, reducing the turbulence intensity, decreasing the water flow resistance, enhancing the urban water regulation ability, and realizing the rapid migration of rainwater in the city. Since the manhole cover is easy to produce, install, maintain and replace, it can solve the technical problems of the existing waterlogging solutions that are time-consuming, labor-intensive and not conducive to large-scale popularization and use.

[0012] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, an emergency drainage manhole cover is provided, including: a cover body, a filtering device and a surfactant, and the surfactant is a water-soluble polymer material;

[0013] The cover body is provided with a drainage hole, and the filtering device is installed below the cover body; the surfactant is filled in the filtering device so as to dissolve in water when water flows through the drainage hole and the filtering device, and make the water become a viscoelastic fluid and enter the drainage pipeline.

[0014] Further, the surfactant is any one or a combination of two or more of salts of higher fatty acids, sulfates, sulfonates or polyoxyethylene type surfactants.

[0015] Further, the surfactant is a polyoxyethylene type surfactant.

[0016] Further, the surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium stearate.

[0017] Further, the surfactant is granular, and the filtering device is a mesh structure and the mesh diameter is smaller than the particle diameter of the surfactant.

[0018] Further, it further includes a manhole cover seat, and the manhole cover seat is provided with a bayonet structure for installing the filtering device, and the cover body is arranged on the manhole cover seat.

[0019] To achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, an emergency drainage method is provided. By arranging a filtering device filled with a surfactant in the manhole cover, when water flows through the filtering device, it contacts the surfactant, and the surfactant dissolves in water to make the water become a viscoelastic fluid, thereby inhibiting the generation of turbulence during the process of water flowing through the drainage pipeline, reducing the turbulence intensity, and thus decreasing the water flow resistance; the surfactant is a water-soluble polymer material.

[0020] Furthermore, the surfactant is any one or a combination of two or more of salts of higher fatty acids, sulfates, sulfonates or polyoxyethylene surfactants.

[0021] Furthermore, the surfactant is a polyoxyethylene surfactant.

[0022] Furthermore, the surfactant is sodium octadecyl sulfate and sodium stearate.

[0023] Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) By placing a water-soluble polymer surfactant in the manhole cover in the present invention, when water flows through the drain hole and the filtering device into the well pipe and then into the drainage pipe, the water flow contacts the surfactant in the filtering device, and the surfactant dissolves in the water, making the water a viscoelastic fluid, that is, the water flow has both the viscous effect of Newtonian fluid and the elastic effect of elastic solid, reducing the turbulence intensity and energy loss, thus playing a role in drag reduction.

[0025] Since the present invention accelerates the transportation of rainwater by changing the physical properties of the water flow, it only needs to transform the manhole cover to achieve, which is easy to produce, install, maintain and replace. Both the existing urban drainage system and the newly built urban drainage system can directly adopt it, which can solve the technical problems of the existing waterlogging solutions being time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly, and not being conducive to large-scale popularization and use. The investment cost is small, the applicability is wide, the maintenance is simple, and the effect is remarkable.

[0026] (2) Using a surfactant composed of any one or a combination of two or more of salts of higher fatty acids, sulfates, sulfonates or polyoxyethylene surfactants, only a small amount of surfactant substance can significantly inhibit the turbulent boundary layer and reduce the turbulent friction resistance.

[0027] (3) Using a polyoxyethylene surfactant, after dissolving in water, it can form a three-dimensional network structure when the water flows, inhibiting the generation of turbulent vortices. Only a surfactant substance with a concentration of dozens of PPM can reduce the flow resistance by up to 80%. Reducing the resistance by 80% is equivalent to increasing the water flow by more than 2 times without adding additional pumping stations, thus greatly improving the pipe drainage capacity and reducing waterlogging disasters. In addition, the formed three-dimensional network structure can also adsorb impurity particles in the water to a certain extent, achieving the effect of purifying water.

[0028] (4) Using granular surfactant can make the surfactant fully dissolve into the water flow to play a role, and at the same time play a role in initially filtering impurities in the water.

[0029] (5) The filter device and the cover body are installed on the manhole cover seat, forming a detachable structure that is easy to disassemble and assemble. After the water resource transfer or rainwater and flood management is completed, cleaning the dirt and replenishing the surface cleaning agent only requires directly opening the cover body, which is more conducive to daily maintenance. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the emergency drainage manhole cover of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same elements or structures, where: 1 - manhole cover seat, 2 - cover body, 3 - filter device, 4 - surfactant, 5 - road surface structure, 6 - sewer well. Detailed Embodiments

[0032] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the emergency drainage manhole cover of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes: a manhole cover seat 1, a cover body 2, a filter device 3, and a surfactant 4. The surfactant 4 is a water-soluble polymer material.

[0034] The manhole cover seat 1 is provided with a bayonet structure for installing the filter device 3, and the cover body 2 is arranged on the manhole cover seat 1. The cover body 2 is provided with a drainage hole, and the filter device 3 is installed below the cover body 2; the surfactant 4 is filled in the filter device 3 so as to dissolve in water when the water flows through the drainage hole and the filter device 3, making the water become a viscoelastic fluid and enter the drainage pipeline.

[0035] Preferably, the surfactant 4 is granular, and the filter device 3 is a mesh structure with a mesh diameter smaller than the particle diameter of the surfactant 4.

[0036] Preferably, the surfactant 4 should have characteristics such as non-toxicity, easy biodegradability, and multifunctionality. In this embodiment, a polyoxyethylene-type surfactant is used, which is characterized in that it can form a three-dimensional spatial network structure when dissolved in water, inhibiting the generation of turbulent vortices. Therefore, only a polyoxyethylene-type surfactant with a concentration of dozens of PPM can reduce the flow resistance by up to 80%. Reducing the resistance by 80% is equivalent to increasing the water flow by more than 2 times without adding additional pumping stations, thereby greatly improving the drainage capacity of the pipeline and reducing waterlogging disasters. In addition, the three-dimensional network structure formed by the dissolution of the polyoxyethylene-type surfactant can also adsorb impurity particles in the water to a certain extent, achieving the effect of purifying water.

[0037] During installation, the manhole cover seat 1 is embedded in the road surface structure 5 around the sewer 6, and the filtering device 3 filled with surfactant particles is installed at the first-layer step of the manhole cover seat 1 and fixed through a bayonet structure.

[0038] In other embodiments (not shown), the filtering device 3 can also be directly installed and fixed under the cover body 2.

[0039] In other embodiments (not shown), the surfactant 4 can be any one or a combination of two or more of salts of higher fatty acids, sulfates, sulfonates, or polyoxyethylene-type surfactants.

[0040] In other embodiments (not shown), the surfactant 4 is sodium octadecyl sulfate and sodium stearate.

[0041] Different from the prior art solutions that require modifying drainage pipes or increasing the number of drainage pipes, the emergency drainage solution of the present invention only needs to set a filtering device filled with surfactant in the manhole cover, that is, only needs to modify the manhole cover structure; the surfactant is a water-soluble polymer material. When the water flow passes through the filtering device and contacts the surfactant, the surfactant dissolves in the water, making the water a viscoelastic fluid, thereby inhibiting the generation of turbulence during the process of the water flow passing through the drainage pipe, reducing the turbulence intensity, and decreasing the water flow resistance.

[0042] Since the cover body 2 can directly adopt a conventional manhole cover in the prior art, for the transformation of the existing drainage system, the transformation cost can be further reduced.

[0043] Since the water flow resistance during emergency drainage mainly comes from the turbulent resistance, when the emergency drainage solution of the present invention is adopted, the larger the water flow, the more surface active substances dissolve in the water flow, the more obvious the change in the physical properties of the water body, the more prominent the turbulence inhibition effect, and the smaller the resistance suffered by the water flow in the drainage pipe.

[0044] In addition, the manhole cover of the present invention is very convenient to maintain, and only needs to be cleaned and the surfactant replenished in a timely manner. Before the water resource transfer or rainwater and flood management starts, the government or its functional departments predict the water flow in the pipeline and confirm the surfactant in the filtering device. If it is insufficient, it is filled. After the water resource transfer or rainwater and flood management ends, the surfactant in the filtering device needs to be replenished.

[0045] The design scheme of the rainwater manhole cover embedded with surfactant of the present invention can effectively reduce the resistance of the water flow in the rainwater manhole cover, improve the urban rainwater and flood management regulation and water resource transfer capabilities, prevent the occurrence of urban waterlogging, with a small investment cost and remarkable effects.

[0046] The present invention can be used in cities and regions with weak water resource transfer and rainwater and flood management regulation capabilities, and technically assist in completing the sponge project. The emergency drainage manhole cover of the present invention can make the city have good elasticity in adapting to environmental changes and coping with natural disasters brought by rainwater, effectively avoid urban waterlogging, and provide a strong support for building a "sponge city".

[0047] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emergency drainage well cover, characterized in that, Comprising: A cover body (2), a filtering device (3), and a surfactant (4), wherein the surfactant (4) is a water-soluble polymer material; The cover body (2) is provided with a drain hole, and the filtering device (3) is installed below the cover body (2); the surfactant (4) is filled in the filtering device (3) so as to dissolve in water when water flows through the drain hole and the filtering device (3), turning the water into a viscoelastic fluid and entering the drainage pipe.

2. The emergency drainage well cover according to claim 1, wherein, The surfactant (4) is any one or a combination of two or more of salts of higher fatty acids, sulfates, sulfonates, or polyoxyethylene type surfactants.

3. The emergency drainage manhole cover according to claim 2, wherein, The surfactant (4) is a polyoxyethylene type surfactant.

4. The emergency drainage well cover according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surfactant (4) is sodium octadecyl sulfate and sodium stearate.

5. The emergency drainage manhole cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The surfactant (4) is granular, and the filtering device (3) is of a mesh structure with a mesh diameter smaller than the particle diameter of the surfactant (4).

6. The emergency drainage manhole cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It further includes a manhole cover seat (1), the manhole cover seat (1) is provided with a bayonet structure for installing the filtering device (3), and the cover body (2) is arranged on the manhole cover seat (1).

7. An emergency drainage method, characterized in that, By arranging a filtering device (3) filled with a surfactant (4) in the manhole cover, when water flows through the filtering device (3), it contacts the surfactant (4), and the surfactant (4) dissolves in water, turning the water into a viscoelastic fluid, thereby inhibiting the generation of turbulence during the process of water flowing through the drainage pipe, reducing the turbulence intensity, and thus reducing the water flow resistance; the surfactant (4) is a water-soluble polymer material.

8. The emergency drainage method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The surfactant (4) is any one or a combination of two or more of salts of higher fatty acids, sulfates, sulfonates, or polyoxyethylene type surfactants.

9. The emergency drainage method according to claim 8, wherein, The surfactant (4) is a polyoxyethylene type surfactant.

10. The emergency drainage method according to claim 8, wherein The surfactant (4) is sodium octadecyl sulfate and sodium stearate.

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