A bogie assembly and erection process and a bolster side frame assembly machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bogie assembly and completion process and a bolster side frame assembly machine. The bolster side frame assembly machine includes a base, a walking component, a lifting component, a displacement component, and a support seat. The walking component includes two walking tracks fixed on the base and a rack fixedly installed between the two walking tracks. A first slider slidably engaged with the walking track is arranged on the walking track. A first bottom plate is fixed on the top of the first slider. A walking motor is fixedly installed at one end of the first bottom plate. A gear meshing with the rack is fixedly installed on the main shaft of the walking motor. The present invention adopts "one-stop" in-station logistics. Each bogie on the assembly line only needs to be hung once by a suspended manipulator to complete the assembly and completion of the bogie, and the bogie is transported from the starting point to the end point of the assembly line, avoiding frequent hanging of the bogie at each station and improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a bogie assembly process and a bolster side frame assembly machine, belonging to the technical field of bogie assembly. Background Art

[0002] The bogie assembly mainly includes workstations such as the assembly of the bolster and side frames, the assembly of cross beams, the assembly of brake beams, the alignment detection, the installation of bearing saddles, the installation of springs and wedge blocks, the installation of side bearings, the assembly of cross beams, the assembly of basic brake fittings, and the completion of the bogie. As a key product for carrying railway passenger carriages to run at high speed on the rails, the assembly quality of the bogie directly affects the running safety of the whole train. And as a relatively independent and complete product in the vehicle composition, the assembly efficiency of the bogie directly determines the overall delivery plan of the vehicle contract to which it belongs.

[0003] Currently, the bogie assembly adopts a fixed-station assembly process, which has the following deficiencies:

[0004] 1. A dedicated or shared hoist is set at each workstation on the production line. Each time of hanging can only complete the work of this workstation, and hanging needs to be repeated at each workstation. The hanging is frequent and the work efficiency is low.

[0005] 2. It is impossible to realize attitude adjustment on the workstation or manual attitude adjustment is required, which is inconvenient to operate and has low efficiency.

[0006] 3. Once the number and position of workstations on the production line are determined, it is difficult to change. It needs to adjust the hardware equipment to achieve.

[0007] 4. The production line occupies a large area, the limited factory building area cannot be fully utilized, and the production efficiency is relatively low.

[0008] 5. Each bogie is composed of 1 bolster and 2 side frames. During assembly, they can only be assembled one by one. The hoisting equipment is used frequently, the labor intensity is large, the production efficiency is low, and multiple hoists are required during assembly, making it difficult to achieve flow production.

[0009] In summary, the existing assembly process cannot effectively guarantee the assembly quality and production efficiency of the bogie. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an advanced bogie assembly process. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bogie assembly process and a bolster side frame assembly machine with low labor intensity, improved product quality and high production efficiency, so as to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0011] Technical solution of the present invention: A bogie assembly and completion process. First, in the assembly workshop, an oval track is supported by a semi-gantry support frame, and more than two suspended manipulators that can move along the oval track are installed on the oval track. Then, along the periphery of the oval track below the oval track, a bolster and side frame assembly station, a spring and wedge assembly station, a cross member assembly station, a cross member bolt tightening station, an alignment detection station, a pause station, a side bearing installation station, a brake beam assembly station, a cross beam assembly station, a safety chain assembly station, a round pin assembly station, a bearing saddle assembly station, and a bogie completion station are arranged in sequence. At the same time, a side frame conveyor line and a bolster conveyor line are arranged side by side at the bolster and side frame assembly station, and two pairs of bolster and side frame assembly machines are symmetrically installed at the end of the side frame conveyor line. A bogie conveyor track is arranged at the bogie completion station. During assembly, starting from the bolster and side frame assembly station, first, the suspended manipulator grabs the bolster to be assembled, and two side frames to be assembled are simultaneously lifted by two pairs of bolster and side frame assembly machines. Then, the bolster is moved between the two side frames, and the two side frames are relatively moved by the bolster and side frame assembly machines so that the two side frames are assembled opposite to both ends of the bolster, completing the initial installation process of the bogie. At this time, the assembled bogie is grabbed by the suspended manipulator and the remaining components are assembled in sequence at each station along the oval track. Finally, the assembled bogie is placed on the bogie conveyor track and the axle is installed. The bogie with the installed axle can be conveyed out of the warehouse along the bogie conveyor track.

[0012] In the above process, a photoelectric scanning device (22) is installed on the suspended manipulator (2), continuous two-dimensional codes are pasted on the entire oval track (1), and the suspended manipulator (2) identifies the two-dimensional code information through the photoelectric scanning device (22) and adjusts the posture required for assembly at each station according to the obtained two-dimensional code information to meet the specific assembly requirements at each station.

[0013] In the above process, a safety sliding contact line is installed on the oval track, and the safety sliding contact line provides working power for the suspended manipulator.

[0014] In the above process, a cross member intelligent trigger is arranged on one side of the cross member bolt tightening station.

[0015] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a bolster and side frame assembly machine for the above-mentioned bogie assembly and erection process, which includes two pairs of symmetrically arranged side frame lifting devices. The side frame lifting device includes a base, a traveling component, a lifting component, a displacement component, and a support seat. The traveling component includes two traveling tracks fixed on the base and a rack fixedly installed between the two traveling tracks. A first slider slidably engaged with the traveling track is arranged on the traveling track. A first bottom plate is fixed on the top of the first slider. A traveling motor is fixedly installed at one end of the first bottom plate. A gear meshing with the rack is fixedly installed on the main shaft of the traveling motor. The lifting component includes a "U"-shaped bracket vertically fixed on the first bottom plate and lifting guide rails symmetrically fixed on both sides of the "U"-shaped bracket. A lead screw nut pair is installed between the lifting guide rails on both sides. A lifting motor is fixedly installed on the top of the "U"-shaped bracket. The main shaft of the lifting motor is in transmission connection with the lead screw of the lead screw nut pair. An "L"-shaped bottom plate is slidably connected to the lifting guide rails. The "L"-shaped bottom plate is fixedly connected to the nut of the lead screw nut pair. The displacement component includes two displacement guide rails fixed on the "L"-shaped bottom plate and a second slider slidably connected to the displacement guide rails. A support plate is fixedly connected to the top of the second slider. A support seat is fixedly installed on the support plate. An electric push rod is installed on the "L"-shaped bottom plate. The electric push rod is connected to the inner side of the support plate.

[0016] Furthermore, both the traveling motor and the lifting motor adopt existing servo motors.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present invention adopts "one-stop" in-station logistics. Each bogie on the assembly line only needs to be suspended and lifted by a hanging manipulator once to complete the assembly and erection of the bogie, and the bogie is transported from the starting point to the end point of the assembly line, avoiding frequent suspension and lifting of the bogie at each station and improving production efficiency.

[0019] 2. Through the hanging manipulator, arbitrary attitude automatic adjustment of each station can be realized. According to the needs of different stations, the attitude can be automatically adjusted to meet the specific work content requirements of each station, which is more in line with the ergonomic principle, convenient to operate, and saves operation time.

[0020] 3. Realize in-station flexible beat production. The in-station positions and the number of stations on the production line are flexibly set to meet the needs of different types of bogies working simultaneously on the same production line.

[0021] 4. The use of traditional lifting equipment on the production line is cancelled, and a hanging manipulator with an automatic position recognition function is adopted instead. The machine can also automatically adjust the station attitude according to different docking positions.

[0022] 5. Install a suspended conveyor line. The equipment on the production line mainly occupies the upper space of the factory building, effectively utilizing the ground operation space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a top view of the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a front view of the semi-gantry support frame, elliptical track, and suspended manipulator;

[0025] Figure 3 is a side view of the semi-gantry support frame, elliptical track, and suspended manipulator;

[0026] Figure 4 is a front view of the bolster side frame assembling machine;

[0027] Figure 5 is Figure 4 right view of;

[0028] Figure 6 is Figure 4 top view of;

[0029] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram when the bolster side frame assembling machine is implemented. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention: Refer to Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 7, A bogie assembly and completion process of the present invention first uses a semi-gantry support frame 21 to support the oval track 1 in the assembly workshop, and installs two or more hanging manipulators 2 that can move along the oval track 1 on the oval track 1. Then, a bolster and side frame assembly station 3, a spring and wedge assembly station 4, a cross member assembly station 5, a cross member bolt tightening station 6, an alignment detection station 7, a pause station 8, a side bearing installation station 9, a brake beam assembly station 10, a cross beam assembly station 11, a safety chain assembly station 12, a round pin assembly station 13, a bearing saddle assembly station 14, and a bogie completion station 15 are arranged in sequence around the oval track 1 under the oval track 1. At the same time, a side frame conveyor line 17 and a bolster conveyor line 18 are arranged side by side at the bolster and side frame assembly station 3, and two pairs of bolster and side frame assembly machines are symmetrically installed at the end of the side frame conveyor line 17. A bogie conveyor track 16 is arranged at the bogie completion station 15. During assembly, starting from the bolster and side frame assembly station 3, the hanging manipulator 2 first grabs the bolster to be assembled, and two pairs of bolster and side frame assembly machines simultaneously lift the two side frames to be assembled. Then, the bolster is moved between the two side frames, and the two side frames are relatively moved by the bolster and side frame assembly machines so that the two side frames are assembled at both ends of the bolster, completing the initial installation process of the bogie. At this time, the assembled bogie is grabbed by the hanging manipulator 2 and the remaining components are assembled in sequence at each station along the oval track 1. Finally, the assembled bogie is placed on the bogie conveyor track 16 and the axle is installed. The bogie with the axle installed can be conveyed out of the warehouse along the bogie conveyor track 16.

[0032] In the above process, an optoelectronic scanning device 22 is installed on the hanging manipulator (2). Continuous two-dimensional codes are pasted on the entire oval track (1). The hanging manipulator (2) identifies the two-dimensional code information through the optoelectronic scanning device 22 and adjusts the posture required for assembly at each station according to the obtained two-dimensional code information to meet the specific assembly requirements at each station. At the same time, the hanging manipulator 2 has functions of lifting, rotating, clamping, and traveling along the oval track 1, is controlled by an independent PLC, docks at the corresponding station according to the manual instruction, and automatically adjusts the posture of the bogie by lifting and rotating, without occupying the ground space.

[0033] In the above process, a safety sliding contact line is installed on the oval track 1, and the safety sliding contact line provides working power for the hanging manipulator 2.

[0034] In the above process, a cross member intelligent trigger 19 is arranged on one side of the cross member bolt tightening station 6.

[0035] See Figures 4 to 6, A bolster side frame assembling machine for the above process according to the present invention includes two pairs of symmetrically arranged side frame lifting devices. The side frame lifting device includes a base 201, a traveling assembly 202, a lifting assembly 203, a displacement assembly 204, and a support base 205. The traveling assembly 202 includes two traveling rails 206 fixed on the base 201 and a rack 207 fixedly installed between the two traveling rails 206. A first slider 211 slidably engaged with the traveling rail 206 is arranged on the traveling rail 206. A first bottom plate 210 is fixed on the top of the first slider 211. A traveling motor 209 is fixedly installed at one end of the first bottom plate 210. A gear 208 engaged with the rack 207 is fixedly installed on the main shaft of the traveling motor 209. The lifting assembly 203 includes a "U"-shaped bracket 217 vertically fixed on the first bottom plate 210 and lifting guide rails 212 symmetrically fixed on both sides of the "U"-shaped bracket 217. A lead screw nut pair 214 is installed between the lifting guide rails 212 on both sides. A lifting motor 213 is fixedly installed on the top of the "U"-shaped bracket 217. The main shaft of the lifting motor 213 is in transmission connection with the lead screw of the lead screw nut pair 214. An "L"-shaped bottom plate 219 is slidably connected to the lifting guide rail 212. The "L"-shaped bottom plate 219 is fixedly connected to the nut of the lead screw nut pair 214. The displacement assembly 204 includes two displacement guide rails 218 fixed on the "L"-shaped bottom plate 219 and a second slider 216 slidably connected to the displacement guide rail 218. A support plate 215 is fixedly connected to the top of the second slider 216. A support base 205 is fixedly installed on the support plate 215. An electric push rod 220 is installed on the "L"-shaped bottom plate 219. The electric push rod 220 is connected to the inner side of the support plate 215. The traveling motor 209 and the lifting motor 213 both adopt existing servo motors.

[0036] Working principle of the bolster side frame assembling machine: First, arrange four side frame lifting devices at the bolster and side frame assembling station 3, and every two side frame lifting devices are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side frame conveying line 17; before assembly, adjust the displacement assembly 204 according to the size of the side frame to ensure that the support bases 205 on the two side frame lifting devices can support the two ends of the side frame; during assembly, the two side frames are conveyed by the side frame conveying line 17 to the bolster and side frame assembling station 3, and then the lifting assembly 203 simultaneously lifts the two side frames, and then adjusts the distance between the two side frames through the traveling assembly 202; at this time, the bolster to be assembled is grabbed by the hanging manipulator 2 and moved to between the two side frames, and then the two side frames are relatively moved through the traveling assembly 202 to assemble the two side frames to both ends of the bolster, completing the initial installation process of the bogie.

Claims

1. A bolster side frame assembling machine, comprising two pairs of symmetrically arranged side frame lifting devices. In the assembling workshop, a semi-gantry support frame (21) is used to support the oval track (1), and more than two suspended manipulators (2) that can move along the oval track (1) are installed on the oval track (1). Then, the bolster and side frame assembling station (3), the spring and wedge assembling station (4), the cross member assembling station (5), the cross member bolt tightening station (6), the alignment detection station (7), the pause station (8), the side bearing installation station (9), the brake beam assembling station (10), the cross beam assembling station (11), the safety chain assembling station (12), the round pin assembling station (13), the bearing saddle assembling station (14), and the bogie completion station (15) are successively arranged along the periphery of the oval track (1) below the oval track (1). At the same time, a side frame conveying line (17) and a bolster conveying line (18) are arranged side by side at the bolster and side frame assembling station (3), and two pairs of bolster side frame assembling machines are symmetrically installed at the end of the side frame conveying line (17). A bogie conveying track (16) is arranged at the bogie completion station (15); It is characterized in that: The described side frame lifting device includes a base (201), a traveling assembly (202), a lifting assembly (203), a displacement assembly (204), and a support seat (205); the traveling assembly (202) includes two traveling tracks (206) fixed on the base (201) and a rack (207) fixedly installed between the two traveling tracks (206). A first slider (211) slidably engaged with the traveling track (206) is arranged on the traveling track (206). A first bottom plate (210) is fixed on the top of the first slider (211). A traveling motor (209) is fixedly installed at one end of the first bottom plate (210). A gear (208) engaged with the rack (207) is fixedly installed on the main shaft of the traveling motor (209); the lifting assembly (203) includes a "U"-shaped bracket (217) vertically fixed on the first bottom plate (210) and lifting guide rails (212) symmetrically fixed on both sides of the "U"-shaped bracket (217). A lead screw nut pair (214) is installed between the lifting guide rails (212) on both sides. A lifting motor (213) is fixedly installed on the top of the "U"-shaped bracket (217). The main shaft of the lifting motor (213) is in transmission connection with the lead screw of the lead screw nut pair (214). An "L"-shaped bottom plate (219) is slidably connected to the lifting guide rail (212). The "L"-shaped bottom plate (219) is fixedly connected to the nut of the lead screw nut pair (214); the displacement assembly (204) includes two displacement guide rails (218) fixed on the "L"-shaped bottom plate (219) and a second slider (216) slidably connected to the displacement guide rail (218). A support plate (215) is fixedly connected to the top of the second slider (216). A support seat (205) is fixedly installed on the support plate (215). An electric push rod (220) is installed on the "L"-shaped bottom plate (219). The electric push rod (220) is connected to the inner side of the support plate (215).

2. The bolster side frame assembling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described traveling motor (209) and lifting motor (213) both adopt existing servo motors.

3. A bogie assembly and completion process based on the bolster side frame assembly machine described in claim 1, characterized in that: During assembly, starting from the bolster and side frame assembly station (3), first, the bolster to be assembled is grasped by the suspended manipulator (2), and two side frames to be assembled are simultaneously lifted by two pairs of bolster-side frame assembly machines. Then, the bolster is moved between the two side frames, and the two side frames are relatively moved by the bolster-side frame assembly machines so that the two side frames are assembled at both ends of the bolster, completing the initial installation process of the bogie; at this time, the assembled bogie is grasped by the suspended manipulator (2) and the remaining components are sequentially assembled at each station along the oval track (1). Finally, the assembled bogie is placed on the bogie conveying track (16) and the axle is installed. The bogie with the installed axle can be conveyed out of the warehouse along the bogie conveying track (16).

4. The bogie assembly and completion process according to claim 3, characterized in that: An optoelectronic scanning device (22) is installed on the suspended manipulator (2). Continuous two-dimensional codes are pasted on the entire elliptical track (1). The suspended manipulator (2) identifies the two-dimensional code information through the optoelectronic scanning device (22) and adjusts the required postures for assembly at each station according to the obtained two-dimensional code information to meet the specific assembly requirements at each station.

5. The bogie assembly and completion process according to claim 3, characterized in that: A safety sliding contact wire is installed on the elliptical track (1), and the safety sliding contact wire provides working power for the suspended manipulator (2).

6. The bogie assembly and completion process according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cross-bar intelligent trigger (19) is arranged on one side of the cross-bar bolt tightening station (6).

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