Humidification System and Method for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Abstract

The present invention relates to a humidification system and method for a solid oxide fuel cell, comprising a shell, an air inlet arranged at the lower side of the shell for the mixed gas to pass through, and an air outlet arranged at the upper side of the shell for outputting the humidified mixed gas, and also comprising a first heating device arranged at the air inlet position for heating the mixed gas, a water storage device for providing liquid water, a humidification component arranged in the shell and located between the air inlet and the air outlet and for receiving the liquid water in the water storage device, and a second heating device arranged at the air outlet position for heating the humidified mixed gas; the humidification component comprises an atomizer connected to the water storage device and used to atomize the liquid water, and a heating baffle arranged at the lower side of the atomizer, and a ventilation channel for the mixed gas to pass through is arranged on the heating baffle. The present invention can accurately control the amount of water, ensure that the water and the mixed gas can be fully mixed, and achieve the effect of inhibiting carbonization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells, and more particularly to a humidification system and method for a solid oxide fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC for short) belongs to the third generation of fuel cells and is a fully solid-state chemical power generation device that directly and efficiently converts the chemical energy stored in fuels and oxidants into electrical energy at medium and high temperatures in an environmentally friendly manner. It is generally considered to be a fuel cell that will be widely popularized in the future like Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). Among them, there are various types of solid oxide fuel cells. One type is to introduce hydrogen and nitrogen, and the other is to introduce natural gas.

[0003] For a solid oxide fuel cell into which natural gas is introduced, natural gas can be introduced, or a mixed gas of hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen can also be introduced. In this process, compared with a solid oxide fuel cell into which hydrogen and nitrogen are introduced, there is an additional carbon element during the reaction process. The carbon element will solidify at high temperatures, and the formed carbonized film will cause a sharp decline in the performance of the battery. Therefore, steam is added to inhibit carbonization. During the steam addition process, if the steam added is insufficient, carbonization cannot be completely inhibited; if too much steam is added, the mixed gas will be blocked and form fluctuations, thereby affecting the stability of power generation. Therefore, the amount of water added will have a great impact on the entire test process, and the amount of water added needs to be strictly calculated according to the molar law and the amount of carbon element added. Therefore, accurately adding the amount of water is of great significance to the reaction of the entire battery.

[0004] In the existing humidification method, steam is added to the mixed gas through a preset steam furnace for mixing. In theory, it is indeed possible to complete the measurement of the steam flow rate under high-temperature conditions. However, in actual operation, it is very difficult to measure the steam flow rate, and it is impossible to achieve both sufficient mixing and precise control of the water volume. Therefore, the accuracy required by this system cannot be achieved, and there is certain room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a humidification system for a solid oxide fuel cell, which is convenient for accurately controlling the amount of water, ensuring sufficient mixing of water and the mixed gas, and achieving the effect of inhibiting carbonization.

[0006] The above technical object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A humidification system for a solid oxide fuel cell, comprising a housing, an air inlet provided at the lower side of the housing for introducing a mixed gas, and an air outlet provided at the upper side of the housing for outputting the humidified mixed gas. The system further includes a first heating device provided at the air inlet for heating the mixed gas, a water storage device for providing liquid water, a humidification assembly provided inside the housing between the air inlet and the air outlet for receiving the liquid water from the water storage device, and a second heating device provided at the air outlet for heating the humidified mixed gas.

[0008] The humidification assembly includes an atomizer connected to the water storage device for atomizing the liquid water, and a heating baffle provided below the atomizer. The heating baffle is provided with a ventilation channel for the mixed gas to pass through.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, liquid water is introduced into the humidification assembly, and the amount of liquid water introduced is completely controllable. That is, the amount of water required can be introduced in grams, avoiding the influence on carbonization inhibition caused by excessive or insufficient water volume. At the same time, the liquid water is first atomized by the atomizer. Although part of the liquid water will vaporize to form gaseous water, a part of it remains liquid water. The liquid water drips or flows into the heating baffle provided below the atomizer, and the high-temperature heating of the heating baffle causes the liquid water to vaporize immediately upon contact. At the same time, the high-temperature heating of the heating baffle can also increase the temperature near the atomizer, which is beneficial to the vaporization of the atomized water. The vaporized water is also convenient for the full mixing of the mixed gas, thus achieving the effect of carbonization inhibition. The setting of the first heating device first heats the introduced mixed gas to the corresponding temperature, avoiding the condensation of the mixed gaseous water due to temperature reduction. That is, if the temperature of the mixed gas is low and the temperature of the gaseous water is high, heat transfer will occur during the mixing process, resulting in the temperature reduction of the gaseous water and its condensation back into liquid water, which is not conducive to the mixing of the mixed gas and the gaseous water. The setting of the second heating device further ensures that the gaseous water will not condense, avoiding the reduction of the gaseous water mixed with the mixed gas and affecting the carbonization inhibition effect.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: The water storage device includes a water storage bucket, a water passing pipeline connected between the water storage bucket and the atomizer, a metering pump provided on the water passing pipeline for pumping out and measuring the water in the water storage bucket, a third heating device provided on the water passing pipeline for heating the liquid water, and a solenoid valve provided between the third heating device and the atomizer for controlling whether to add water or not.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the amount of water entering the humidification assembly is controlled by the provided solenoid valve, which is convenient for controlling the water volume. Especially when carbonization inhibition requires matching the water volume corresponding to the introduced mixed gas, the amount of liquid water added is controlled according to the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: a water replenishing port is provided on the water storage bucket and is located on the upper side of the water storage bucket, and a liquid level sensor is provided on the upper side of the water storage bucket.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, it is judged whether to add water through the water replenishing port according to the situation detected by the liquid level sensor, which ensures that during the use process, the risk of water shortage is reduced, and the reliability of the entire system is improved.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: the housing includes a horizontally arranged first cavity and a vertically arranged second cavity communicating with the first cavity. The air inlet and the first heating device are both located on the first cavity and on the side far from the second cavity, and the air outlet and the second heating device are both located on the second cavity and on the side far from the first cavity.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the horizontally arranged first cavity shortens the space occupied in the vertical direction, but the horizontally arranged first cavity does not shorten the heating distance of the mixed gas; saving the space in the vertical direction is not only easier in production and manufacturing, but also in the actual installation process, it avoids the need to use a crane to hoist the components due to excessive height, and at the same time reduces the difficulty of welding each component, greatly reducing the installation cost.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that: a water guide plate is provided on the second cavity and on the side close to the first cavity, and air vent holes for the passage of the mixed gas are provided on the water guide plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the water guide plate enables the liquid water to be guided to one side during the maintenance process, facilitating the subsequent collection of the liquid water and improving the maintenance efficiency. By providing the air vent holes, the mixed gas can smoothly enter the second cavity from the first cavity.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: the water guide plate is arranged in a conical shape, and the air vent holes are provided on the water guide plate and at the tip of the cone.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the conical setting can guide all the water to the middle position. During the collection process, only need to place the water bucket at the opening position of the cone, making the operation more convenient.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that: at least one air passing hole is provided on the heating baffle, and the air passing holes on adjacent heating baffles are arranged in a staggered manner, and the air passing holes on multiple heating baffles form an air passage.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that: a gap is provided between the heating baffle and the inner wall of the housing, and the gaps on adjacent heating baffles are arranged in a staggered manner, and the gaps on multiple heating baffles form a ventilation channel.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the air holes on different heating baffles can sequentially form a ventilation channel, enabling the mixed gas introduced from the lower side to smoothly mix with the water after gasification and flow out from the air outlet on the upper side; and the staggered air holes ensure that the liquid water will surely flow to each layer of heating baffle in sequence, further reducing the risk that the liquid water will flow into the lower channel through the ventilation channel.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that: the heating baffle includes a mounting plate and a heating plate provided on the lower side of the mounting plate and fixedly connected to the mounting plate.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the gaps on different heating baffles can sequentially form a ventilation channel, enabling the mixed gas introduced from the lower side to smoothly mix with the water after gasification and flow out from the air outlet on the upper side; and the staggered gaps ensure that the liquid water will surely flow to each layer of heating baffle in sequence, further reducing the risk that the liquid water will flow into the lower channel through the ventilation channel.

[0026] The second object of the present invention is to provide a humidification method for a solid oxide fuel cell, which can accurately control the amount of water, ensure sufficient mixing of water and the mixed gas, and achieve the effect of inhibiting carbonization.

[0027] The above technical object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0028] A humidification method for a solid oxide fuel cell includes:

[0029] Adding a mixed gas and adding liquid water in a preset proportion according to the content of the carbon-containing gas in the mixed gas;

[0030] Preliminarily heating the added mixed gas to a preset first temperature; wherein, the first temperature is higher than the vaporization temperature of water vaporization;

[0031] Vaporizing the added liquid water and mixing the gaseous water with the heated mixed gas;

[0032] After mixing the gaseous water with the heated mixed gas, heating again until the second temperature and outputting; wherein, the second temperature is greater than the first temperature.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, since the content of the mixed gas introduced is in a controllable state and the introduction of liquid water is also in a controllable state, the overall content of the mixed gas and liquid water can be precisely regulated to ensure that the amount of water introduced can exactly inhibit the carbonization formed by carbon elements in the mixed gas; first, heat the introduced mixed gas to reach the corresponding temperature to avoid the situation where the gaseous water mixture cools down and condenses. That is, if the temperature of the mixed gas is relatively low and the temperature of the gaseous water is relatively high, during the mixing process, heat transfer will occur, resulting in the cooling and condensation of the gaseous water back into liquid water, which is not conducive to the mixing of the mixed gas and the gaseous water; when outputting the gas after the mixed gaseous water, heat it again to further ensure that the gaseous water will not condense, avoiding the reduction of the gaseous water mixed with the mixed gas and affecting the carbonization inhibition effect.

[0034] The present invention is further configured as: before vaporizing the liquid water, first heat the liquid water to a third temperature, where the third temperature is lower than the vaporization temperature.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, before introducing the liquid water for atomization and vaporization, first heat it so that the liquid water can reach a certain temperature. During the atomization stage, it can ensure that part of the liquid water will directly become gaseous water, improving the vaporization efficiency.

[0036] The present invention is further configured as: during the vaporization process of the liquid water, first atomize the liquid water and raise the uncompletely vaporized liquid water to the vaporization temperature by heating to completely vaporize the liquid water.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, during the atomization process, although part of the liquid water will vaporize to form gaseous water, a part of it remains as liquid water. The liquid water drips or flows onto the corresponding device, and it will vaporize immediately when contacting the high-temperature heating. At the same time, the high-temperature heating can also raise the temperature near the atomization, which is conducive to the direct vaporization of the atomized water. The vaporized water is also convenient for the full mixing of the mixed gas, thus achieving the effect of inhibiting carbonization.

[0038] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: it can precisely control the amount of water, ensure the full mixing of water and the mixed gas, and achieve the effect of inhibiting carbonization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a humidification system of a solid oxide fuel cell Figure 1 .

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a humidification system of a solid oxide fuel cell Figure 2 .

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a single mounting plate with a notch.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of multiple mounting plates with notches.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a humidification system of a solid oxide fuel cell Figure 3 .

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a single mounting plate with air passing holes.

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of multiple mounting plates with air passing holes.

[0046] Figure 8 It is a flowchart of a humidification method for a solid oxide fuel cell.

[0047] In the figure: 1. Housing; 11. Air inlet; 12. Air outlet; 13. First cavity; 14. Second cavity; 141. Water guide plate; 142. Ventilation hole; 2. Water storage device; 21. Water storage bucket; 211. Water replenishing port; 212. Liquid level sensor; 22. Water passing pipeline; 23. Metering pump; 24. Solenoid valve; 25. Third heating device; 3. Humidification component; 31. Liquid water inlet; 32. Atomizer; 321. Water conveying pipeline; 33. Heating baffle; 331. Mounting plate; 332. Heating plate; 333. Air passing hole; 334. Notch; 34. Ventilation channel; 4. First heating device; 5. Second heating device. Specific embodiments

[0048] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Example 1, referring to Figure 1, a humidification system for a solid oxide fuel cell disclosed in the present invention, includes a housing 1, an air inlet 11 provided on the lower side of the housing 1 for introducing a mixed gas, an air outlet 12 provided on the upper side of the housing 1 for outputting the humidified mixed gas, a first heating device 4 provided at the position of the air inlet 11 for heating the mixed gas, a water storage device 2 for providing liquid water, a humidification component 3 provided in the housing 1 and located between the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12 for receiving the liquid water in the water storage device 2, and a second heating device 5 provided at the position of the air outlet 12 for heating the humidified mixed gas; the liquid water is introduced into the humidification component 3, and the introduced amount of the liquid water is completely controllable, that is, just introduce as many grams of liquid water as needed, avoiding the influence on carbonization inhibition caused by excessive or insufficient water volume; after the liquid water is converted into gaseous water, it is fully mixed with the mixed gas, and the setting of the first heating device 4 and the second heating device 5 further avoids the gaseous water from condensing back into liquid water again; it is ensured that the mixed gas can be fully mixed with water, and the vaporized water is also convenient for the mixed gas to be fully mixed, so as to achieve the effect of carbonization inhibition.

[0050] Among them, as Figure 1 shown, the housing 1 includes a horizontally arranged first cavity 13 and a vertically arranged second cavity 14 communicating with the first cavity 13, and the shapes of the first cavity 13 and the second cavity 14 are preferably in an "L" shape; the air inlet 11 and the first heating device 4 are both located on one side of the first cavity 13 and far from the second cavity 14, and the air inlet 11 is provided on the lower side of the first cavity 13; the air outlet 12 and the second heating device 5 are located on one side of the second cavity 14 and far from the first cavity 13; the horizontally arranged first cavity 13 shortens the space occupied in the vertical direction, but the horizontally arranged first cavity 13 does not shorten the temperature rise distance of the mixed gas, saving the space in the vertical direction.

[0051] Both the first heating device 4 and the second heating device 5 are preferably heating rods, and the heating function can be realized by connecting to the power supply.

[0052] At least one first heating device 4 is provided, and the first heating device 4 is arranged along the length direction of the first cavity 13, that is, horizontally arranged in the first cavity 13; it can also be vertically arranged in the first cavity 13; if multiple first heating devices 4 are provided, they can be evenly arranged in the first cavity 13 according to actual needs to ensure the heating efficiency and ensure that the mixed gas can quickly rise to the corresponding temperature during the introduction process, which is not shown in the figure.

[0053] At least one second heating device 5 is provided, and the second heating device 5 is arranged along the length direction of the second cavity 14, that is, vertically arranged in the second cavity 14; it can also be horizontally arranged in the second cavity 14; if a plurality of second heating devices 5 are provided, they can be evenly arranged in the second cavity 14 according to actual needs to ensure the heating efficiency and ensure that during the process of introducing the mixed gas and gaseous water, the gaseous water will not condense again into liquid water, which is not shown in the figure.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, preferably one first heating device 4 and one second heating device 5 are provided, the first heating device 4 is arranged along the length direction of the first cavity 13, and the second heating device 5 is arranged along the length direction of the second cavity 14.

[0055] If there are problems with the equipment, there will be water leakage or liquid water in the second cavity 14, so maintenance is required. In order to facilitate subsequent maintenance, a structure for collecting liquid water is provided in the second cavity 14, specifically as follows:

[0056] As Figure 1 shown, a water guide plate 141 is provided on the second cavity 14 and on the side close to the first cavity 13, and ventilation holes 142 for the mixed gas to pass through are provided on the water guide plate 141; the water guide plate 141 is arranged in a conical shape with the tip of the cone facing downwards, and the ventilation holes 142 are provided on the water guide plate 141 and at the tip of the cone. The diameter of the ventilation holes 142 is relatively large, so that the mixed gas can smoothly enter the second cavity 14 from the first cavity 13; the conical arrangement can guide all the water to the middle position. During the collection process, only need to place the water bucket at the opening position of the cone, making the operation more convenient.

[0057] Among them, as Figure 1 shown, the water storage device 2 includes a water storage bucket 21, a water passing pipeline 22 connected between the water storage bucket 21 and the atomizer 32, a metering pump 23 provided on the water passing pipeline 22 for pumping out and measuring the water in the water storage bucket 21, a third heating device 25 provided on the water passing pipeline 22 for heating the liquid water, and a solenoid valve 24 provided between the third heating device 25 and the atomizer 32 for controlling whether to add water or not; the metering pump 23 measures the amount of water introduced, and the solenoid valve 24 is set to control whether to introduce water into the humidifying component 3, which is convenient for controlling the amount of water. Especially when suppressing carbonization, it is necessary to match the amount of water corresponding to the introduced mixed gas. Therefore, the amount of liquid water added is controlled according to the measurement of the metering pump 23 and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 24.

[0058] The third heating device 25 preferably uses a water heater, that is, liquid water is introduced into the third heating device 25, and the liquid water is heated. After heating to a certain temperature, the heated water is introduced into the humidifying component 3; so that during the processes such as atomization through the humidifying component 3, the heated water can more easily become gaseous water, facilitating the rapid vaporization of the gaseous water after being added to the humidifying component 3 to form gaseous water.

[0059] As Figure 1 shown, a water replenishing port 211 is provided on the water storage bucket 21 and is located on the upper side of the water storage bucket 21, and a liquid level sensor 212 is provided on the upper side of the water storage bucket 21; it is judged whether to add water through the water replenishing port 211 according to the situation detected by the liquid level sensor 212, ensuring that during use, the risk of water shortage is reduced and the reliability of the entire system is improved.

[0060] Among them, as Figure 1 shown, the humidifying component 3 includes a liquid water inlet 31 provided on the housing 1, an atomizer 32 connected to the liquid water inlet 31 and used for atomizing liquid water, and a heating baffle 33 provided on the lower side of the atomizer 32; the water passing pipeline 22 is communicated with the liquid water inlet 31, and the liquid water in the water storage bucket 21 can be introduced into the atomizer 32, facilitating the atomization of the liquid water; during the atomization process, although part of the liquid water will vaporize to form gaseous water, part of it is still liquid water. The liquid water drips or flows into the heating baffle 33 provided on the lower side of the atomizer 32, and the high-temperature heating of the heating baffle 33 causes the liquid water to vaporize as soon as it comes into contact. At the same time, the high-temperature heating of the heating baffle 33 can also increase the temperature near the atomizer 32, which is beneficial to the vaporization of the atomized water. A ventilation channel for the mixed gas to pass through is formed on the heating baffle 33; the setting of the ventilation channel enables the mixed gas to smoothly enter the second cavity 14 from the first cavity 13, realizing the mixing of the mixed gas and water.

[0061] Among them, as Figure 1 shown, the atomizer 32 preferably uses an atomizing nozzle. A water conveying pipeline 321 is connected between the atomizer 32 and the second cavity 14. The water conveying pipeline 321 is connected to the water conveying pipeline 321 through the liquid water inlet 31, and the water conveying pipeline 321 is fixed to the second cavity 14 by a flange, providing a corresponding installation position for the atomizer 32 through the water conveying pipeline 321, facilitating the setting at the required position.

[0062] In one embodiment, if the atomizer 32 is preferably provided with one, the atomizer 32 can be set at the middle position of the second cavity 14, or the atomizing nozzle can be set at a position close to the side wall of the second cavity 14, which is not shown in the figure.

[0063] In one embodiment, if there are multiple atomizers 32 and the multiple atomizers 32 are arranged horizontally in the second cavity 14, the multiple atomizers 32 can be evenly arranged on the same water delivery pipe 321. In this embodiment, it is preferably set to have two atomizers 32, which are not shown in the figure.

[0064] In one embodiment, if there are multiple atomizers 32 and the multiple atomizers 32 are arranged vertically in the second cavity 14, as Figure 1 shown.

[0065] As Figure 1 and 2 shown, the multiple atomizers 32 can share the water delivery pipe 321, the liquid water inlet 31, the water passing pipe 22, and the solenoid valve 24, so that after the water is pumped from the water storage bucket 21 into the water passing pipe 22 by the metering pump 23, the solenoid valve 24 simultaneously controls the supply of liquid water to the multiple atomizers 32 for atomization; or each atomizer 32 can be correspondingly provided with a water delivery pipe 321, a liquid water inlet 31, a water passing pipe 22, and a solenoid valve 24, so that after the water is pumped from the water storage bucket 21 into the corresponding water delivery pipe 321 by the metering pump 23, the supply of liquid water to the corresponding atomizer 32 is controlled according to different solenoid valves 24 for atomization.

[0066] Regarding the arrangement positions of the multiple atomizers 32, they can be arranged vertically on the same side within the second cavity 14. This same side means that it can be located on the left side, right side, or middle of the second cavity 14; the multiple atomizers 32 can also be arranged on different sides within the second cavity 14, and adjacent two atomizers 32 are arranged in a staggered form.

[0067] In this embodiment, it is preferably to use three atomizers 32, and the atomizers 32 are arranged along the vertical direction and are arranged in a staggered manner within the second cavity 14.

[0068] Among them, as Figure 2 and 3 shown, the heating baffle 33 includes a mounting plate 331 and a heating plate 332 arranged on the lower side of the mounting plate 331 and fixedly connected to the mounting plate 331; the mounting plate 331 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second cavity 14. This fixed connection can be achieved by bolts or by welding or other connection methods, which are all well-known technical means to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here; the heating plate 332 uses a sheet heater, that is, the sheet heater is fixed on the lower side of the mounting plate 331, and this fixing method is preferably achieved by bolts; the heat is conducted to the mounting plate 331 through the heating plate 332, and the mounting plate 331 is used to carry the liquid water, so that the liquid water does not directly contact the heating plate 332, improving the safety of heating and vaporization.

[0069] There are various implementation methods for the formation of the ventilation channel, which are specifically as follows:

[0070] In one embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, there is one heating baffle 33, and a notch 334 is provided on the heating baffle 33, and the notch 334 forms a ventilation channel, that is, the notch 334 is provided on the mounting plate 331, and the heating plate 332 avoids the position where the notch 334 is provided on the mounting plate 331; the area of the notch 334 is less than one-third of the area of the heating baffle 33.

[0071] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, there are at least two heating baffles 33, a notch 334 is provided between the heating baffle 33 and the inner wall of the housing 1, and the notches 334 on adjacent heating baffles 33 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the notches 334 on multiple heating baffles 33 form a ventilation channel, that is, the notch 334 is provided on the mounting plate 331, and the heating plate 332 avoids the position where the notch 334 is provided on the mounting plate 331; the area of the notch 334 is less than one-third of the area of the heating baffle 33; a gap is provided between adjacent heating baffles 33.

[0072] In one embodiment, as Figure 5 and 6 shown, there is one heating baffle 33, and at least one air hole 333 is provided on the heating baffle 33, and the air hole 333 forms a ventilation channel, that is, the air hole 333 is provided on the mounting plate 331, and the heating plate 332 avoids the position where the air hole 333 is provided on the mounting plate 331.

[0073] In one embodiment, as Figure 5 and 7 shown, there are at least two heating baffles 33, and at least one air hole 333 is provided on the heating baffle 33, and the air holes 333 on adjacent heating baffles 33 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the air holes 333 on multiple heating baffles 33 form a ventilation channel, that is, the air hole 333 is provided on the mounting plate 331, and the heating plate 332 avoids the position where the air hole 333 is provided on the mounting plate 331; a gap is provided between adjacent heating baffles 33.

[0074] The air holes 333 or notches 334 on different heating baffles 33 can sequentially form a ventilation channel, so that the mixed gas introduced from the lower side can be smoothly mixed with the water after the gas, and flow out from the upper air outlet 12; and the staggered air holes 333 or notches 334 ensure that the liquid water will surely flow to each layer of heating baffle 33 in sequence, further reducing the risk that the liquid water will flow into the lower channel through the ventilation channel.

[0075] The heating baffle 33 is arranged below the atomizer 32, and there are various implementation manners for the position setting of the heating baffle 33, which are specifically as follows:

[0076] In one embodiment, the heating baffle 33 is placed on the lower side of all the atomizers 32. That is, regardless of the number of atomizers 32, such as one atomizer 32, two atomizers 32, three atomizers 32, etc., the heating baffle 33 is directly arranged on the lower side of the lowermost atomizer 32, which is not shown in the figure.

[0077] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 with 5 shown, at least one heating baffle 33 is arranged on the lower side of each atomizer 32.

[0078] In this embodiment, it is preferably to arrange one heating baffle 33 on the lower side of each atomizer 32, that is, the heating baffle 33 corresponds to the atomizer 32 one by one, so that the water that is still in liquid state after passing through the atomizer 32 can be vaporized as much as possible, improving the overall efficiency and avoiding the situation that one heating plate 332 corresponding to multiple atomizers 32 cannot ensure the vaporization efficiency.

[0079] For the above-mentioned multiple embodiments of the atomizer 32, heating baffle 33, etc. in the humidifying component 3, they can be combined according to the actual situation to adapt to different application environments. The humidifying component 3 formed by combining the above-mentioned multiple embodiments is provided with at least two and is arranged in a staggered manner in the housing 1; the humidifying component 3 arranged in a staggered manner in the housing 1 is conducive to improving the mixing of the vaporized water and the mixed gas, can further ensure the contact time between the mixed gas and the vaporized water, and ensure that the two can be fully mixed.

[0080] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: The mixed gas and liquid water are introduced. The mixed gas is heated by the first heating device 4, and the liquid water is heated by the third heating device 25. The heated liquid water is introduced into the humidifying component 3, and the introduction amount is controlled according to the cooperation of the metering pump 23 and the solenoid valve 24.

[0081] Atomization is carried out through the atomizer 32. Although part of the liquid water will be vaporized to form gaseous water, there is still a part that remains in liquid state. The liquid water drips or flows into the heating baffle 33 arranged on the lower side of the atomizer 32. The high-temperature heating of the heating baffle 33 causes the liquid water to vaporize immediately upon contact. At the same time, the high-temperature heating of the heating baffle 33 can also increase the temperature near the atomizer 32, which is beneficial to the vaporization of the atomized water. The vaporized water is also convenient for full mixing with the mixed gas, thereby achieving the effect of inhibiting carbonization.

[0082] When the mixed gas and the gaseous water are fully mixed, they are further heated by the second heating device 5 to ensure that the gaseous water will not condense, and to avoid the reduction of the gaseous water mixed with the mixed gas, which affects the effect of carbonization inhibition.

[0083] Embodiment 2, as Figure 8As shown, a humidification method for a solid oxide fuel cell includes:

[0084] Step 1000: Add a mixed gas and add a preset proportion of liquid water according to the content of carbon-containing gas in the mixed gas.

[0085] Among them, during the process of adding the mixed gas, the already mixed gas can be directly introduced, or different individual gases can be mixed first and then introduced; in this embodiment, it is preferably to mix different individual gases first and then introduce them. For the convenience of subsequent conversion of the added liquid water volume, this conversion is calculated based on the molar law; the mixed gas includes hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen. For methane and carbon monoxide containing carbon elements, the corresponding proportions are respectively matched. During the matching process, the ratio of carbon monoxide to liquid water is 1:0.5 - 2, preferably 1:1; while the ratio of methane to liquid water is 1:3 - 5; preferably 1:4.

[0086] The precise input of the mixed gas and liquid water is achieved according to the corresponding solenoid valve 24 and metering pump 23, ensuring that the entire input water volume and the mixed gas can match each other, achieving the effect of completely suppressing carbonization.

[0087] Step 2000: Preliminarily heat the added mixed gas to a preset first temperature; among them, the first temperature is higher than the vaporization temperature of water vaporization.

[0088] Among them, the heating of the mixed gas is achieved by the first heating device 4. The temperature to be heated to is set according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, the gas can be raised to 200°C - 400°C, and preferably 300°C in this example; by adjusting the power of the first heating device 4, the temperature of the added mixed gas can be ensured, and at the same time, raising the temperature to 300°C aims to avoid affecting subsequent vaporization, and another purpose is to help water vaporize.

[0089] Step 3000: Before vaporizing the liquid water, first heat the liquid water to a third temperature, where the third temperature is lower than the vaporization temperature.

[0090] Among them, the heating of the liquid water is achieved by the third heating device 25. The temperature to be heated to is set according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, the liquid water can be raised to 100°C - 150°C, and preferably 140°C in this embodiment; by adjusting the power of the third heating device 25, the temperature of the added liquid water can be ensured, so that the liquid water can reach a certain temperature, and during the atomization stage, it can ensure that part of the liquid water will directly become gaseous water, improving the vaporization efficiency.

[0091] Step 4000: Vaporize the added liquid water and mix the gaseous water with the heated mixed gas.

[0092] Vaporization has two forms: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation is the vaporization process that occurs on the surface of a liquid when the temperature is below the boiling point. The phenomenon of evaporation can occur at any temperature. In summer, when the temperature is high, water can evaporate; in winter, when the temperature is low, water can also evaporate. Therefore, evaporation can occur at any temperature of a liquid, and it is not a vaporization phenomenon that only occurs on the surface of the liquid. When the air pressure rises, the boiling point of an object rises correspondingly; conversely, when the air pressure drops, the boiling point of the object drops correspondingly. The faster the evaporation, the larger the surface area and the better the ventilation are also beneficial to evaporation. Boiling is a violent vaporization process that occurs simultaneously on the surface and inside of a liquid. In this embodiment, vaporization adopts a combination of evaporation and boiling.

[0093] During the vaporization process of liquid water, the liquid water is first atomized, and the uncompletely vaporized liquid water is heated to the vaporization temperature to completely vaporize the liquid water; during the atomization process by the atomizer 32, although part of the liquid water will vaporize to form gaseous water, a part of it is still liquid water. The liquid water drips or flows onto the heating baffle 33, and the liquid water will vaporize immediately upon contact through high-temperature heating. At the same time, the high-temperature heating can also increase the temperature near the atomization, which is beneficial to the direct vaporization of the atomized water, and the vaporized water is also convenient for the full mixing of the mixed gas, so as to achieve the effect of suppressing carbonization.

[0094] Step 5000: After the gaseous water is mixed with the heated mixed gas, it is heated again until the second temperature and then output; wherein, the second temperature is higher than the first temperature.

[0095] Among them, the heating after the gaseous water is mixed with the heated mixed gas is realized by the second heating device 5. The temperature to be heated to is set according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, it can be raised to 500°C - 700°C, and preferably 6000°C in this embodiment; by adjusting the power of the second heating device 5, the temperature after the gaseous water is mixed with the mixed gas can be guaranteed; when outputting the gas of the mixed gaseous water, heating is carried out again to further ensure that the gaseous water will not condense, and to avoid the reduction of the gaseous water mixed with the mixed gas and affecting the effect of carbonization suppression.

[0096] The embodiments of this specific implementation manner are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A humidification system for a solid oxide fuel cell, comprising a housing (1), an air inlet (11) provided on the lower side of the housing (1) for introducing a mixed gas, and an air outlet (12) provided on the upper side of the housing (1) for outputting the humidified mixed gas. Characterized in that: It further includes a first heating device (4) provided at the position of the air inlet (11) for heating the mixed gas, a water storage device (2) for providing liquid water, a humidification component (3) provided inside the housing (1) between the air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12) for receiving the liquid water in the water storage device (2), and a second heating device (5) provided at the position of the air outlet (12) for heating the humidified mixed gas. The first heating device (4) is used to preliminarily heat the added mixed gas to a preset first temperature, which is higher than the vaporization temperature of water vaporization. The second heating device (5) is used to heat again until a second temperature after the gaseous water is mixed with the heated mixed gas and output, and the second temperature is greater than the first temperature. The humidification component (3) includes an atomizer (32) connected to the water storage device (2) for atomizing the liquid water, and a heating baffle (33) provided below the atomizer (32). The heating baffle (33) is provided with a ventilation channel (34) for the mixed gas to pass through. The water storage device (2) includes a water storage bucket (21), a water passing pipeline (22) connected between the water storage bucket (21) and the atomizer (32), a metering pump (23) provided on the water passing pipeline (22) for pumping out and measuring the water in the water storage bucket (21), a third heating device (25) provided on the water passing pipeline (22) for heating the liquid water, and an electromagnetic valve (24) provided between the third heating device (25) and the atomizer (32) for controlling whether to add water. The third heating device (25) is used to heat the liquid water to a third temperature before vaporizing the liquid water, and the third temperature is lower than the vaporization temperature.

2. The humidification system for a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The housing (1) includes a horizontally arranged first cavity (13) and a vertically arranged second cavity (14) communicating with the first cavity (13). The air inlet (11) and the first heating device (4) are both located on one side of the first cavity (13) far from the second cavity (14), and the air outlet (12) and the second heating device (5) are both located on one side of the second cavity (14) far from the first cavity (13).

3. The humidification system for a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 2, Characterized in that: A water guide plate (141) is provided on the second cavity (14) on the side close to the first cavity (13), and the water guide plate (141) is provided with ventilation holes (142) for the mixed gas to pass through.

4. The humidification system for a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, Characterized in that: At least one air passing hole (333) is provided on the heating baffle (33), and the air passing holes (333) on adjacent heating baffles (33) are arranged in a staggered manner. The air passing holes (333) on multiple heating baffles (33) form an air ventilation channel (34).

5. The humidification system of the solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A notch (334) is provided between the heating baffle (33) and the inner wall of the housing (1), and the notches (334) on adjacent heating baffles (33) are arranged in a staggered manner. The notches (334) on multiple heating baffles (33) form an air ventilation channel (34).

6. The humidification system of the solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating baffle (33) includes a mounting plate (331) and a heating plate (332) provided on the lower side of the mounting plate (331) and fixedly connected to the mounting plate (331).

7. A humidification method for a solid oxide fuel cell, applied to the humidification system of the solid oxide fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that it includes: Adding a mixed gas and adding a preset proportion of liquid water according to the content of the carbon element-containing gas in the mixed gas; Preliminarily heating the added mixed gas to a preset first temperature; wherein, the first temperature is higher than the vaporization temperature of water vaporization; Vaporizing the added liquid water and mixing the gaseous water with the heated mixed gas; After the gaseous water is mixed with the heated mixed gas, heating is carried out again until the second temperature and output; wherein, the second temperature is greater than the first temperature.

8. The humidification method of the solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before vaporizing the liquid water, the liquid water is first heated to a third temperature, wherein the third temperature is lower than the vaporization temperature.

9. The humidification method of the solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: during the process of vaporizing the liquid water, the liquid water is first atomized, and the uncompletely vaporized liquid water is heated to the vaporization temperature to completely vaporize the liquid water.

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