A heat exchanger support and fixing device and installation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heat exchanger support and fixing device and installation method. The fixing device includes several major components, including an end plate, a tail plate, a casing, a plurality of support beams, a counterweight connecting plate and a plurality of propulsion adjustment mechanisms. The above components form a cylindrical cage frame structure, which is an open structure as a whole. The tube sheet and the support plate are connected as a whole to limit the position of the support plate, enhance the rigidity of the tube bundle component, and protect the exposed heat transfer tube. When the tube sheet is connected and the heat transfer tube is inserted, the open structure is convenient for installation and measurement. As the installation proceeds, the weight and center of gravity of the entire product are also changing. The design of the counterweight connecting plate allows the center of gravity of the entire product to be adjusted, making the entire support and fixing device more stable. This invention is used in the field of tooling and fixtures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tooling fixtures, and in particular to a support and fixing device for a heat exchanger and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] Take a nuclear reaction steam generator as an example, Figure 1 As shown in the exploded diagram, from left to right, it mainly includes tube sheets, manifold plates and support plates. The manifold plates and three support plates are connected by several U-shaped heat transfer tubes ( Figure 1 Not shown temporarily) are inserted, and tie rods ( Figure 1 (Not shown for the time being). The weight of the tube sheet and its parts is about 5360 kg, the weight after half of the heat transfer tubes are inserted is about 7760 kg, and the weight after all the heat transfer tubes are inserted is about 10160 kg.

[0003] Due to the product structure, this type of steam generator is not welded to the product cylinder during the support plate assembly and heat transfer tube threading stages. The support plate and heat transfer tube are exposed without fixed support. The heat transfer tubes, support plates, tube plate holes, etc. of this type of steam generator require high matching accuracy. Relying solely on tie rod connections cannot guarantee overall rigidity and position accuracy. The assembly accuracy of the support plate will have a direct impact on the difficulty of heat transfer tube threading and product quality. When the installation accuracy is low, the heat transfer tube is easily scratched, affecting the surface quality and threading efficiency. After threading, this product also needs to undergo sealing welding, hydraulic expansion, and overall flipping. It is necessary to ensure that the relative position of the support plate remains unchanged and there is no indentation on the surface of the heat transfer tube during the layer-by-layer threading, sealing welding, hydraulic expansion, and flipping processes.

[0004] In the existing installation method, when the tube bundle is equipped with a corresponding cylinder, the support plate assembly needs to be adjusted with a wedge. The area between the support plate and the tube sheet is an inaccessible area, which is inconvenient to operate, and special attention must be paid to foreign body protection, such as: a special guide head is required for pipe threading.

[0005] In summary, the prior art has some disadvantages: when the tube bundle is assembled without a matching shell or without a corresponding cylinder, the support device is only used for one-time position adjustment, and the adjustment is inconvenient, and it cannot be transported with the product, and cannot be used for precision assurance and rigid protection throughout the entire process of support plate assembly, pipe threading, transportation and flipping; when the tube bundle is assembled with a corresponding cylinder, the product forms an inaccessible area, the support plate is inconvenient to adjust, and the heat transfer tube is inconvenient to assemble. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger support and fixing device and an installation method which can improve assembly efficiency, precision and safety.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A support and fixing device for a heat exchanger comprises: an end plate connected to a tube plate of a steam generator; a tail plate coaxially arranged with the end plate; a casing coaxially arranged with the end plate, located between the end plate and the tail plate, and having a circular ring structure; a plurality of support beams evenly arranged between the end plate and the tail plate along the axial direction of the end plate, the head and tail ends of each support beam being respectively connected to the end plate and the tail plate, and the middle position of each support beam being connected to the inner wall of the casing; a plurality of propulsion adjustment mechanisms evenly arranged on each support beam, the active direction of the active end of each propulsion adjustment mechanism being all toward the axial center line position of the end plate; a counterweight connecting plate located between the casing and the tail plate, fixed on the support beam, and a plurality of mounting holes being reserved on the counterweight connecting plate.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The above components form a cylinder cage frame structure, which is an open structure as a whole. The tube sheet and the support plate are connected as a whole, which limits the position of the support plate, enhances the rigidity of the tube bundle components, and can protect the exposed heat transfer tubes; when connecting the tube sheet and inserting the heat transfer tubes, the open structure is convenient for installation and measurement. As the installation proceeds, the weight and center of gravity of the entire product are also changing. The design of the counterweight connection plate allows the center of gravity of the entire product to be adjusted, making the entire support fixture more stable.

[0010] As an improvement of the above solution, a circle of disc-shaped partition plates is provided between the counterweight connecting plate and the casing. Generally, the length of the heat transfer tube only needs to reach the position of the partition plate. The design of the partition plate can prevent the heat transfer tube from being accidentally bumped into when installing the counterweight block.

[0011] As an improvement of the above solution, four support beams are evenly arranged along the circumference of the end plate, respectively in four quadrants.

[0012] As an improvement of the above solution, each of the support beams is an H-shaped steel with sufficient strength.

[0013] As an improvement of the above solution, the end plate is a flange structure, and the flange structure is designed according to the hole positions of the tube sheet to be assembled, so as to facilitate connection and docking.

[0014] As an improvement of the above scheme, the propulsion adjustment mechanism adopts a nut screw structure, including a nut module and a screw module. The nut module is located on the inner side of the support beam as a movable end, maintaining the circumferential rotation freedom of the screw module and locking the axial movement freedom of the screw module. Multiple propulsion adjustment mechanisms form a group, against the edge of the support plate, and jointly adjust the orientation of a support plate. This limiting method facilitates the centering of the support plate.

[0015] As an improvement of the above scheme, the advancement adjustment mechanism also includes a plurality of sleeves, which are installed on the support beam, and the sleeves contain a part of the screw module and the nut module, and the ends of the screw module and the nut module are exposed outside the sleeve, and the sleeve is provided with a screw, and the nut module is provided with a guide groove along its own axial direction, and the screw is embedded in the guide groove to only allow the nut module to move in the axial direction. Since the nut module can only move axially, after rotating the screw module, the entire advancement adjustment mechanism plays the role of tightening the support plate.

[0016] As an improvement of the above solution, part of the inner wall of the sleeve shrinks toward its own axis to clamp the nut module on all sides. At this time, the sleeve can not only protect the nut module but also stably guide the movement of the nut module.

[0017] A method for installing a heat exchanger using the above-mentioned heat exchanger support and fixing device comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Install the supporting fixture on the tube sheet, and connect the end plate to the tube sheet;

[0019] S2. The tube sheet is installed on the rotating seat, and a roller frame is set under the casing. Driven by the rotation of the rotating seat, the entire support is fixed.

[0020] The fixed device can rotate around the rotation center together with the tube sheet;

[0021] S3. Calibrate installation accuracy and arrange measurement system;

[0022] S4. Install the manifold in the tube sheet, install several support plates between several support beams, and use several push adjustment mechanisms to support and adjust the installation position of the support plates;

[0023] S5. Assemble several heat transfer tubes layer by layer, and check the position accuracy of the support plate and the heat transfer tubes. After installing some heat transfer tubes, flip the support fixture and repeat this step until the tube insertion is completed.

[0024] As an improvement of the above scheme, in step S5, while assembling the heat transfer tube, counterweight blocks are added or removed from the counterweight connecting plate to maintain the center of the entire supporting and fixing device and the tube plate within the length range of the casing, so as to facilitate the rolling of the entire product while maintaining balance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of a steam generator;

[0027] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional diagram of the supporting fixture;

[0028] Figure 3 is a side view of the supporting fixture;

[0029] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the propulsion adjustment mechanism;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the supporting fixture at the casing position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., the orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0033] In the description of the invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The present invention is a heat exchanger support and fixing device and installation method. The key point of this application is the open adjustable fixed support and installation method, which can realize the support plate assembly adjustment, open tube bundle assembly, counterweight adjustment, rolling and flipping functions, and can also provide precision guarantee and rigid protection in the whole process of tube bundle manufacturing.

[0035] The steam generator in this embodiment is specifically referred to Figure 1 , the heat transfer tubes and tie rods are not shown temporarily, from left to right are the splitter plate 12 and three support plates 13, the splitter plate 12 is located inside the tube plate 11 and is blocked, in order to illustrate the steam generator, it is temporarily moved to the right and appears on the paper. The left side of the tube plate 11 is a flange structure, the right side of the tube plate 11 is a barrel structure, and the circumferential side wall of the tube plate 11 is provided with a number of interfaces. After the heat transfer tubes are plugged into the tube plate 11, the outer shell will be put on.

[0036] Specific reference Figure 2The heat exchanger supporting and fixing device includes several major components, namely, an end plate 21, a tail plate 22, a casing 23, a number of support beams 24, a counterweight connecting plate 31 and a number of propulsion adjustment mechanisms 25. The end plate 21 is a flange structure, which is connected to the tube sheet 11; accordingly, the flange structure is designed according to the hole positions of the tube sheet 11 to be assembled, and notches are reserved at positions where interference may occur. For tube sheets 11 of different sizes, the inner cavity size can be appropriately increased to expand the scope of use. The tail plate 22 is a disc-shaped structure, and the casing 23 is a circular ring structure, both of which are coaxially arranged with the end plate 21, and the casing 23 is located between the end plate 21 and the tail plate 22. The disc-shaped structure described here has a radial stretching direction; the circular ring structure has an axial stretching direction. Four support beams 24 are arranged on the end plate 21, the casing 23 and the tail plate 22, wherein the two ends of each support beam 24 are respectively connected to the side surfaces of the end plate 21 and the tail plate 22, the support beam 24 is parallel to the axis of the end plate 21, and the middle position of each support beam 24 is connected to the inner wall of the casing 23. The tail plate 22 is designed to maintain the stability of multiple support beams 24. In order to enhance the connection strength between the tail plate 22 and the support beam 24, a connecting rod can be overlapped between the two to form a triangular structure; the casing 23 is designed to serve as the supporting point of the entire product later. The product needs to be rotated during the assembly process, and the casing 23 can be connected to the roller frame 40; accordingly, the outer wall of the casing 23 is smoothed to reduce friction resistance. The counterweight connecting plate 31 is used to connect the counterweight block 32, which is arranged between the casing 23 and the tail plate 22 to maintain the center of gravity of the product within the length range of the casing 23.

[0037] A plurality of propulsion adjustment mechanisms 25 are evenly arranged on each support beam 24, and the movable end of each propulsion adjustment mechanism 25 is moved in a direction toward the axial center line position of the end plate 21; in this embodiment, three propulsion adjustment mechanisms 25 are arranged on one support beam 24, which just corresponds to the need to set up three support plates 13 in this embodiment.

[0038] In other embodiments, the propulsion adjustment mechanism 25 is lifted by a cylinder, or a threaded hole is directly provided on the support beam 24, and a set screw is directly passed through the threaded hole to abut against the support plate 13.

[0039] Specific reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The propulsion adjustment mechanism 25 adopts a nut screw structure, including a nut module 251 and a screw module 252. The screw module 252 is approximately rod-shaped as a whole. One end of the nut module 251 is sleeved on the screw module 252, but the other end of the nut module 251 is closed to form a large-diameter end cover. The nut module 251 is located on the inner side of the support beam 24 as a movable end, maintaining the circumferential rotation freedom of the screw module 252 and locking the axial movement freedom of the screw module 252. A plurality of propulsion adjustment mechanisms 25 form a group, which are used to press against the edge of a support plate 13 together to adjust the orientation of the support plate 13. This limiting method facilitates the centering of the support plate 13.

[0040] In this embodiment, the propulsion adjustment mechanism 25 also includes a plurality of sleeves 253, which are mounted on the support beam 24. The sleeves 253 accommodate a portion of the screw module 252 and the nut module 251, and the ends of the screw module 252 and the nut module 251 are exposed outside the sleeve 253. The upper end of the screw module 252 is a hexagonal prism, which is convenient for applying torque with a wrench; the middle position of the screw module 252 has a shoulder, which is overlapped on the support beam 24. The support beam 24 is further provided with a cover plate 254 by bolt connection to cover the shoulder, and the axial movement freedom of the shoulder is limited to allow only the screw module 252 to spin. The sleeve 253 is provided with a screw, and the nut module 251 is provided with a guide groove 255 along its own axial direction. The screw is embedded in the guide groove 255 to allow only the nut module 251 to move in the axial direction. Since the nut module 251 can only move axially, after the screw module 252 is rotated, the entire propulsion adjustment mechanism 25 plays the role of tightening the support plate 13. Furthermore, part of the inner wall of the sleeve 253 shrinks toward its own axis, clamping the surrounding of the nut module 251. At this time, the sleeve 253 not only protects the nut module 251, but also can stably guide the movement of the nut module 251. This design makes the propulsion adjustment mechanism 25 into a relatively independent module, which is easy to install and has reliable performance.

[0041] The sleeve 253 itself is a T-shaped rotating body, with a shoulder provided at the upper end, and the cover plate 254 is connected to the shoulder of the sleeve 253 . Figure 4 It can be seen that the support beam 24 is provided with countersunk holes on the upper and lower sides of the position where the sleeve 253 is connected. After the sleeve 253 passes through, connecting pieces are welded on the upper and lower sides of the sleeve 253. The two connecting pieces clamp the support beam 24 and fix the sleeve 253 at the same time.

[0042] The propulsion adjustment mechanisms 25 can be used in combination, or all of them can adopt the solutions of this embodiment.

[0043] There are many ways to install the counterweight block 32 on the supporting fixture. The counterweight connecting plate 31 described here can be a plate that is subsequently installed on the support beam 24; the support beam 24 itself can also be used as the counterweight connecting plate 31, with a number of mounting holes reserved. For the first embodiment, the counterweight connecting plate 31 is set between two adjacent support beams 24. Figure 2 It can be seen that the cubic counterweight block 32 is mounted to the counterweight connecting plate 31 by bolts.

[0044] The support beam 24 can have many structures, such as channel steel, H-shaped steel or cylindrical steel. In this embodiment, H-shaped steel is used to take both strength and cost into consideration, and the web of the H-shaped steel extends toward the axis of the end plate 21.

[0045] In this embodiment, a circle of disc-shaped partition plates 26 are provided between the counterweight connecting plate 31 and the casing 23. Generally, the length of the heat transfer tube only needs to reach the position of the partition plate 26. The design of the partition plate 26 can prevent the counterweight block 32 from accidentally hitting the heat transfer tube when installing it.

[0046] Specific reference Figure 5 , a schematic diagram of the roller frame 40 , it can be seen that the two rollers are arranged symmetrically on the left and right to support the casing 23 . Figure 5 The perforations in the middle support plate 13 are merely for illustration purposes, and are provided to allow the insertion of heat transfer tubes.

[0047] Based on the above supporting and fixing device, a method for installing a heat exchanger is as follows:

[0048] S1. The support fixture is installed on the tube sheet 11, and the end plate 21 is connected to the tube sheet 11;

[0049] S2. The tube sheet 11 is mounted on the swivel, and a roller frame 40 is provided below the casing 23. Driven by the rotation of the swivel, the entire supporting and fixing device can rotate around the rotation center along with the tube sheet 11;

[0050] S3. Calibrate installation accuracy and arrange measurement system;

[0051] S4. Install the manifold 12 in the tube sheet 11, install the plurality of support plates 13 between the plurality of support beams 24, and use the plurality of push adjustment mechanisms 25 to resist and adjust the installation position of the support plate 13;

[0052] S5. Assemble several heat transfer tubes layer by layer, and check the position accuracy of the support plate 13 and the heat transfer tubes. After installing some heat transfer tubes, flip the support fixture and repeat this step until the tube insertion is completed. It should be noted that when assembling the heat transfer tubes, add or remove the counterweight block 32 on the counterweight connecting plate 31, and maintain the center of the entire support fixture and the tube sheet 11 within the length range of the casing 23, so as to facilitate the rolling of the entire product and maintain balance.

[0053] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the combination of different features of the above-mentioned embodiments can also achieve good results. Those skilled in the art can also make equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for installing a heat exchanger, characterized in that: A heat exchanger type supporting and fixing device is used, wherein the heat exchanger type supporting and fixing device comprises: an end plate connected to the tube sheet of the steam generator; The tail plate is arranged coaxially with the end plate; The casing is coaxially arranged with the end plate, located between the end plate and the tail plate, and has a circular ring structure; A plurality of support beams are evenly arranged between the end plate and the tail plate along the axial direction of the end plate, the head and tail ends of each support beam are respectively connected to the end plate and the tail plate, and the middle position of each support beam is connected to the inner wall of the casing; A plurality of propulsion adjustment mechanisms are evenly arranged on each support beam, and the movable end of each propulsion adjustment mechanism moves in a direction toward the axis center line of the end plate; The counterweight connecting plate is located between the casing and the tail plate and is fixed on the support beam. A number of mounting holes are reserved on the counterweight connecting plate; The propulsion adjustment mechanism adopts a nut screw structure, including a nut module and a screw module. The nut module is located on the inner side of the support beam as a movable end, maintaining the circumferential rotation freedom of the screw module and locking the axial movement freedom of the screw module; The advancement adjustment mechanism also includes a plurality of sleeves, which are mounted on the support beam, and the sleeves accommodate a portion of the screw module and the nut module, and the ends of the screw module and the nut module are exposed outside the sleeve, and the sleeve is provided with a screw, and the nut module is provided with a guide groove along its own axial direction, and the screw is embedded in the guide groove to only allow the nut module to move in the axial direction; When installing a heat exchanger, the heat transfer tube is assembled by rotating the support fixture of the heat exchanger; The heat exchanger installation method comprises the following steps: S1. Install the supporting fixture on the tube sheet, and connect the end plate to the tube sheet; S2. The tube sheet is installed on the rotating seat, and a roller frame is set under the casing. Driven by the rotation of the rotating seat, the entire supporting and fixing device can rotate around the rotation center together with the tube sheet; S3. Calibrate installation accuracy and arrange measurement system; S4. Install the manifold in the tube sheet, install several support plates between several support beams, and use several push adjustment mechanisms to support and adjust the installation position of the support plates; S5. Assemble several heat transfer tubes layer by layer, and check the position accuracy of the support plate and the heat transfer tubes. After installing some heat transfer tubes, flip the support fixture and repeat this step until the tube insertion is completed.

2. The heat exchanger installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circle of disc-shaped partition plates is arranged between the counterweight connecting plate and the casing.

3. The heat exchanger installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four supporting beams are evenly arranged along the circumference of the end plate.

4. The heat exchanger installation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the support beams is an H-shaped steel.

5. The heat exchanger installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end plate is a flange structure.

6. The heat exchanger installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Part of the inner wall of the sleeve shrinks toward its own axis to clamp the surrounding of the nut module.

7. The heat exchanger installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, while assembling the heat transfer tube, counterweight blocks are added or removed from the counterweight connecting plate to maintain the center of the entire supporting fixture and the tube plate within the length range of the casing.

Images