A microwave pyrolysis device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of pyrolysis technology, and provides a microwave pyrolysis device, including a frame: a shell, which is arranged on the frame and has a storage cavity for placing materials inside; a microwave generating device, including at least one microwave generator and an absorbing component, the microwave generator is connected to the storage cavity through a waveguide, and the absorbing component is arranged inside the storage cavity; a waveguide protection device, which is arranged on the waveguide and forms a dielectric protection layer between the storage cavity and the waveguide; a stirring device, which is arranged on the shell, one end of which extends into the storage cavity and is inserted into the material for stirring. The pyrolysis device has a reasonable structural design, can perform pyrolysis treatment on large quantities of materials, each device operates independently, is easy to maintain, and has high processing efficiency, which overcomes the defect that large quantities of materials need to be processed in batches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of reaction equipment, and in particular to a microwave pyrolysis device. Background Art

[0002] The principle of microwave heating technology is: when the medium to be heated is placed in a microwave electromagnetic field, the polar molecules and non-polar molecules in the dielectric material will form dipoles or the existing dipoles will be rearranged. In this process, the molecules will swing at a speed of up to hundreds of millions of times per second with the high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field. During this period, it is necessary to overcome the interference and obstruction of the original thermal motion of the molecules and the interaction between molecules. Therefore, an effect similar to friction will be produced, causing the electromagnetic energy to gradually be converted into thermal energy, causing the temperature of the medium to increase significantly.

[0003] Compared with traditional fossil energy heating technology, microwave heating technology has more uniform heating, lower heat transfer loss, higher heating efficiency, better environmental protection and higher safety. Therefore, the industrial field has gradually begun to apply microwave heating technology. For example, in recent years, microwave pyrolysis furnaces have been gradually used to heat waste plastics, waste rubber, medical waste, chemical sludge, industrial waste salt, industrial tar residue and other media, so that these media are pyrolyzed into oil, non-condensable combustible gas and solid products.

[0004] The microwave pyrolyzer in the prior art has a small capacity and a small power, and can only realize the pyrolysis of small batches of materials. For the pyrolysis of large batches of materials, it is often necessary to carry out the process in multiple times, and the processing efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the microwave pyrolysis device in the prior art is only suitable for pyrolysis treatment of small batches of materials, thereby providing a microwave pyrolysis device that can be suitable for pyrolysis treatment of large batches of materials.

[0006] The microwave pyrolysis device of the present invention comprises:

[0007] frame:

[0008] A shell, arranged on the frame, and having a receiving cavity for placing materials therein;

[0009] A microwave generating device, comprising at least one microwave generator and a wave absorbing component, wherein the microwave generator is connected to the accommodating cavity through a waveguide, and the wave absorbing component is arranged inside the accommodating cavity;

[0010] A waveguide protection device, disposed on the waveguide, forming a dielectric protection layer between the accommodating cavity and the waveguide;

[0011] The stirring device is arranged on the shell, one end of which extends into the containing cavity and is inserted into the material for stirring.

[0012] Furthermore, the waveguide protection device comprises:

[0013] a baffle assembly, the baffle assembly being arranged on the waveguide to separate the waveguide into a first waveguide and a second waveguide, wherein the second waveguide is connected to the accommodating cavity;

[0014] The introduction channel has an introduction outlet end, and the introduction outlet end is arranged close to the baffle assembly. The protective medium flowing out of the introduction channel forms the medium protection layer at the baffle assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the second waveguide forms a waveguide cavity, the waveguide cavity is communicated with the accommodating cavity, the introduction and outlet ends are located in the waveguide cavity, and the dielectric protection layer is formed in the waveguide cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, the stirring device comprises a stirring component, one end of which extends vertically into the material, and a plurality of heat dissipation channels are arranged in the stirring component.

[0017] Furthermore, the stirring assembly also includes a fixed tube on which a stirring shaft is set, and two ends of the stirring shaft extend out of two ends of the fixed tube. The heat dissipation channel is set in the fixed tube along the length direction of the fixed tube, and the heat dissipation outlet end and the heat dissipation inlet end of the heat dissipation channel are located outside the upper end of the fixed tube, and the heat dissipation channel is set close to the stirring shaft.

[0018] Furthermore, the heat dissipation channel is configured as a U-shaped channel, and two ends of the U-shaped channel are respectively the heat dissipation outlet end and the heat dissipation inlet end.

[0019] Furthermore, at least two stirring devices are provided, and the stirring blades of each stirring device are interlaced.

[0020] Furthermore, the absorbing component is a microwave absorption excitation layer, and the microwave absorption excitation layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the accommodating cavity.

[0021] Furthermore, the material of the microwave absorption excitation layer is one or more of silicon carbide, iron oxide, copper oxide, manganese dioxide, barium titanate, and ferrite.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a feeding device and a discharging device, the discharging end of the feeding device and the feeding end of the discharging device are respectively connected to the accommodating cavity; the feeding device includes a feeding pipe and a feeding piece arranged along the axial direction of the feeding pipe, the feeding pipe has the discharging end, and the feeding piece can spirally push the material into the interior of the accommodating cavity; the discharging device includes a discharging pipe, the discharging pipe has the feeding end, and a material level detector is arranged inside the discharging pipe for detecting the material level depth of the material to be processed.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. A microwave pyrolysis device provided by the present invention comprises: a frame; a shell, which is arranged on the frame and has a containing cavity for placing materials inside; a microwave generating device, which comprises at least one microwave generator and an absorbing component, wherein the microwave generator is connected to the containing cavity through a waveguide, and the absorbing component is arranged inside the containing cavity; a waveguide protection device, which is arranged on the waveguide and forms a dielectric protection layer between the containing cavity and the waveguide; and a stirring device, which is arranged on the shell and has one end extending into the containing cavity and inserted into the material for stirring. The pyrolysis equipment has a reasonable structural design and can carry out pyrolysis treatment on large quantities of materials. Each device operates independently, is easy to maintain, has high processing efficiency, and can process 5 to 15 tons of materials per day. It can also pyrolyze fluid materials, overcoming the defects that only small batches of materials such as 1 to 2 tons can be processed at a time, and large quantities of materials need to be processed in batches and in stages. A stirring device is arranged in the accommodating chamber, and the stirring device stirs the materials during the pyrolysis reaction of the materials, thereby solving the problem of compaction between the materials due to uneven heating of the materials when processing large quantities of materials, ensuring that large quantities of materials can undergo effective pyrolysis reactions, and improving the efficiency of large quantities of materials. The yield of the material is improved; by setting a waveguide protection device, a protection medium is introduced into the medium protection layer, and the protection medium can undergo an oxidation reaction with the high-temperature carbon-containing mixture generated in the pyrolysis reaction, so that after the carbon in the impurities is oxidized, the impurity mixture will not pollute and damage the waveguide feed port, and the waveguide is protected from being damaged. Further, when processing large quantities of materials, it is necessary to use the waveguide for a long time to transport microwaves, and the waveguide is not damaged, and microwaves can be continuously transported to the inside of the accommodating cavity, so that the material maintains a state of pyrolysis reaction, ensuring that the processing will not be interrupted when processing large quantities of materials, and there is no need to process large quantities of materials in batches, and the processing efficiency is high.

[0025] 2. In a microwave pyrolysis device provided by the present invention, the waveguide protection device includes a baffle assembly, which is arranged on the waveguide to separate the waveguide into a first waveguide and a second waveguide, and the second waveguide is connected to the accommodating cavity; an inlet channel, having an inlet and outlet end, and the inlet and outlet end is arranged close to the baffle assembly, and the protective medium flowing out of the inlet channel forms the medium protection layer at the baffle assembly. The waveguide is separated into a first waveguide and a second waveguide by a barrier component, wherein the second waveguide is connected to the accommodating cavity, and then a protective medium is introduced into the introduction channel, and after the protective medium flows out along the introduction channel, a dielectric protective layer is formed at the barrier component, and then the protective medium fills the dielectric protective layer evenly due to the blocking of the barrier component, and finally the dielectric protective layer is in a state of slightly positive pressure, and the high-temperature carbon-containing mixture generated from the pyrolyzed material undergoes an oxidation reaction with the protective medium in the dielectric protective layer to generate carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide and release heat, so that after the carbon in the impurities is oxidized, the impurity mixture will not pollute and damage the waveguide feed port, and the exhaust gas containing carbon impurities will not affect the microwave transmission effect; at the same time, it also realizes the oxidation of carbon impurities already attached to the microwave feed port, and there is no need to open the waveguide for manual cleaning after the material processing is completed, so that the waveguide self-cleaning effect of the pyrolysis equipment is achieved, and the waveguide is protected from being damaged.

[0026] 3. In the microwave pyrolysis device provided by the present invention, the second waveguide forms a waveguide cavity, the waveguide cavity is connected to the accommodating cavity, the outlet end is located in the waveguide cavity, and the dielectric protection layer is formed in the waveguide cavity. In a specific application, the second waveguide forms a waveguide cavity, and the inlet and outlet ends are arranged inside the waveguide cavity, so that the protective medium can be directly introduced into the waveguide cavity to achieve the effect of performing an oxidation reaction inside the second waveguide, avoiding the situation where the carbon-containing mixture is transported from the inside of the accommodating cavity to the second waveguide, and simplifying the structure of the waveguide protection device, making it more convenient to use.

[0027] 4. In the microwave pyrolysis equipment provided by the present invention, the stirring device includes a stirring component, one end of the stirring component vertically extends into the material, and a plurality of heat dissipation channels are provided in the stirring component. By providing a plurality of heat dissipation channels in the stirring component and conveying a coolant in the heat dissipation channels, the effect of cooling the stirring component is achieved. The stirring component after cooling is in a relatively low temperature state. When the stirring component stirs the material, the material can be stirred evenly, so that the materials are heated evenly, overcoming the problem of hardening caused by uneven heating of the materials during the processing, and cooling the stirring component can ensure the effectiveness of the stirring component, and also enable the materials to be fully stirred, further improving the pyrolysis rate of the pyrolysis equipment, so that the working time of the pyrolysis equipment is increased.

[0028] 5. In the microwave pyrolysis equipment provided by the present invention, the stirring assembly also includes a fixed tube for setting a stirring shaft, the two ends of the stirring shaft extend out of the two ends of the fixed tube, the heat dissipation channel is set inside the fixed tube along the length direction of the fixed tube, the heat dissipation outlet end and the heat dissipation inlet end of the heat dissipation channel are located outside the upper end of the fixed tube, and the heat dissipation channel is set close to the stirring shaft. By setting a fixed tube, the stirring shaft is stably fixed, and then the heat dissipation channel is set inside the fixed tube along the length direction of the stirring shaft, which increases the heat dissipation area of ​​the stirring shaft, improves the heat dissipation effect of the stirring shaft, further avoids the situation that the stirring shaft expands and contracts at high temperature, effectively reduces the number of times the stirring shaft needs to be repaired, and ensures that the pyrolysis equipment can perform continuous pyrolysis treatment on large quantities of materials.

[0029] 6. In the microwave pyrolysis device provided by the present invention, at least two stirring devices are provided, and the stirring blades of each stirring device are interlaced. By providing more than two groups of stirring devices, the stirring and crushing blades between the two groups of stirring devices cooperate with each other, so that the stirring blades that cross each other can stir the medium and crush the agglomerated medium at the same time.

[0030] 7. In the microwave pyrolysis equipment provided by the present invention, the absorbing component is a microwave absorption excitation layer, and the microwave absorption excitation layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the containing cavity. By setting the absorbing component as the microwave absorption excitation layer, the electromagnetic energy generated by the microwave generating device is initially mainly reabsorbed by the microwave absorption excitation layer and transmitted to the material. As the temperature inside the containing cavity increases, the material is continuously pyrolyzed, the state of the material is constantly changing, and the absorbing capacity is gradually enhanced. The electromagnetic energy absorbed by the absorbing excitation layer and the material is completely converted into heat energy to maintain the pyrolysis temperature and complete the pyrolysis reaction of the material. The microwave absorption excitation layer is fixed on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the containing cavity. After the pyrolysis reaction, there is no need to pick out the absorbing component from the material, which is convenient for the operator to operate and easy to use.

[0031] 8. The microwave pyrolysis equipment provided by the present invention also includes a feeding device and a discharging device, the discharging end of the feeding device and the feeding end of the discharging device are respectively connected to the accommodating cavity; the feeding device includes a feeding pipe and a feeding piece arranged along the axial direction of the feeding pipe, the feeding pipe has the discharging end, and the feeding piece can spirally push the material into the interior of the accommodating cavity; the discharging device includes a discharging pipe, and the discharging pipe has the feeding end. By providing a feeding device and a discharging device, when feeding into the accommodating cavity, the feeding device can automatically spirally transport the material to the accommodating cavity without manual feeding, so as to be suitable for processing large quantities of materials and easy to use; a discharging device is provided at the lower end of the accommodating cavity, and after the pyrolysis reaction of the material is completed, the material is discharged from the interior of the accommodating cavity along the discharging pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the microwave pyrolysis equipment provided in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The overall structural schematic diagram of the microwave protection device shown;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The overall structure of the microwave protection device shown is a top view;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the interlaced connection structure of the stirring blades of the two groups of stirring devices provided in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the heat dissipation channel and the stirring shaft provided in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the auxiliary heat dissipation pipe and the stirring shaft provided in the present invention;

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 1-shell; 11-accommodating cavity; 12-shell air inlet; 13-shell air outlet;

[0041] 2-microwave generating device; 21-microwave generator;

[0042] 22-wave absorbing component; 221,-microwave absorbing excitation layer; 222, heat insulation layer;

[0043] 23- waveguide; 231- first waveguide; 232- second waveguide;

[0044] 3- Waveguide protection device;

[0045] 31- barrier assembly; 311- barrier member;

[0046] 32-introduction channel; 321-introduction outlet; 323-medium protection layer;

[0047] 33-sealed cavity; 331-cavity air inlet; 332-cavity air outlet;

[0048] 34- detector;

[0049] 35-driving mechanism; 351-driving member; 352-fixed arm; 353-supporting arm;

[0050] 36- cooling component;

[0051] 4- stirring device;

[0052] 41-stirring assembly; 411-stirring shaft; 412-fixing tube; 413-connecting shaft; 414-stirring blade; 415-insulation tube;

[0053] 42-heat dissipation channel; 421-heat dissipation outlet; 422-heat dissipation inlet;

[0054] 44-temperature test component; 441-temperature sensor;

[0055] 45- auxiliary heat dissipation component; 451- auxiliary heat dissipation pipe;

[0056] 46- material level detector; 47, driving motor;

[0057] 5- rack;

[0058] 6- Insulation layer;

[0059] 7-feeding device; 71-discharging end; 72-feeding pipe; 73-feeding piece;

[0060] 8-discharging device; 81-feeding end; 82-discharging pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] The embodiment of the present invention describes a pyrolysis device, which uses microwave heating to pyrolyze materials, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the pyrolysis equipment includes a shell 1, a microwave generating device 2, a waveguide protection device 3, and a stirring device 4, wherein the shell 1 is arranged on a frame 5, and a housing cavity 11 for placing materials is provided inside the shell 1, and a shell air inlet 12 is also provided on the shell 1 for introducing a safety gas, and a shell air outlet 13 is provided for discharging waste gas or other gas mixtures generated after the pyrolysis reaction. The materials undergo pyrolysis reaction inside the housing cavity 11, and the microwave generating device 2 transmits microwaves to the inside of the housing cavity 11. Specifically, the microwave generating device 2 includes at least one microwave generator 21 and a wave absorbing component 22, wherein the microwave generator 21 is connected to the housing cavity 11 through a waveguide 23, and the wave absorbing component 22 It is arranged inside the accommodating cavity 11, and the microwaves emitted by the microwave generator 21 are transmitted to the inside of the accommodating cavity 11 through the waveguide 23. The absorbing component 22 receives the microwaves emitted by the microwave generator 21 and generates the heat required for the pyrolysis reaction of the material. During the pyrolysis reaction, the waveguide protection device 3 protects the waveguide 23 to prevent the waveguide 23 from being damaged; the stirring device 4 is fixed on the shell 1, wherein one end of the stirring device 4 extends into the accommodating cavity 11 to stir the material evenly, and the other end is arranged at the outer end of the shell 1 to stir the material evenly, so that the materials are heated evenly, which overcomes the problem of uneven heating between the materials during the processing process, resulting in uneven temperature of the materials at various locations, and then causing hardening.

[0067] In this embodiment, Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the waveguide protection device 3 includes a baffle component 31 and an introduction channel 32. The baffle component 31 is arranged on the waveguide 23 to separate the waveguide 23 into a first waveguide 231 and a second waveguide 232. The second waveguide 232 is connected to the accommodating cavity 11. The baffle component 31 plays a role of sealing and protection. The baffle component 31 is arranged between the first waveguide 231 and the second waveguide 232. The introduction channel 32 has an introduction outlet end 321, and the introduction outlet end 321 is arranged close to the baffle component 31. A protection medium is input into the introduction channel 32. The protection medium flowing out of the introduction outlet end 321 of the introduction channel 32 forms a medium protection layer 323 at the baffle component 31. The protection medium is slowly filled in the medium protection layer 323, and then the protection medium An oxidation reaction occurs at the dielectric protective layer 323 with the carbon-containing mixture produced by the pyrolysis reaction to produce carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, thereby preventing carbon particulate matter from adhering to the waveguide 23 and causing damage to the waveguide 23. Carbon is a wave-absorbing material and will absorb microwaves, thereby affecting the problem of microwaves being transported along the waveguide 23 to the containing cavity 11, thereby improving the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction of the material. After the protective medium is input into the dielectric protective layer 323, the dielectric protective layer 323 is in a state of slightly positive pressure, thereby preventing the carbon-containing mixture from being transported to the waveguide 23. Specifically, the protective medium can be air, or it can be water vapor or vapor of other non-flammable liquids, wherein the vapor can undergo an oxidation chemical reaction with the carbon particles, and the gas generated after the chemical reaction is discharged from the containing cavity 11 along the gas outlet.

[0068] Specifically, the second waveguide 232 may be surrounded by a waveguide cavity, which is connected to the accommodating cavity. The inlet and outlet ports 321 are arranged inside the waveguide cavity, and a protective medium is input into the second waveguide 232 to achieve the effect of forming a medium protective layer 323 in the waveguide cavity. The oxidation reaction is directly carried out inside the second waveguide 232 to avoid the carbon-containing mixture being transported from the inside of the accommodating cavity into the second waveguide 232.

[0069] In this embodiment, at least one of the above-mentioned introduction channels 32 can be set on the second waveguide 232. The introduction channel 32 is opened on the second waveguide 232, and the protective medium is introduced into the medium protective layer 323 in the second waveguide 232 from the introduction channel 32. The protective medium can be transported to the second waveguide 232 more quickly to undergo an oxidation reaction with the carbon-containing mixture, thereby improving the efficiency of transporting the protective medium. Generally speaking, when the number of introduction channels 32 is large, the protective medium can be quickly channeled to the interior of the second waveguide 232. The operator will set the number of the introduction channels 32 according to specific needs.

[0070] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned barrier component 31 includes two layers of barrier members 311, and a sealed cavity 33 is formed between the two layers of barrier members 311, wherein the sealed cavity 33 has a cavity air inlet 331 and a cavity air outlet 332, and a heat-conducting medium is filled into the interior of the sealed cavity 33 through the cavity air inlet 331, wherein the cavity air outlet 332 is in a closed state. The heat-conducting medium is filled into the above-mentioned sealed cavity 33, on the one hand, to cool the barrier member 311 by utilizing heat exchange, and on the other hand, to detect whether the sealed cavity 33 is in a sealed state. Specifically, the heat-conducting medium can be air, and of course it can also be other non-flammable gases, such as nitrogen.

[0071] In order to detect whether the sealed cavity 33 is in a sealed state, a detector 34 may be provided at the cavity air inlet 331. The detector 34 is used to detect whether the sealed cavity 33 is in a sealed state. When the pressure in the sealed cavity 33 is detected to be 0 Kpa, it indicates that the sealed cavity 33 is not in a sealed state, further indicating that the double-layer baffle 311 has been damaged and needs to be repaired or replaced. When the value on the detector 34 is not 0 Kpa, it indicates that it is in a sealed state. The double-layer baffle 311 in a sealed state can prevent pollutants or others from entering the microwave generator 21 along the waveguide 23, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the pyrolysis equipment. Specifically, the detector 34 may be a barometer.

[0072] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 A detector 34 may also be provided at the cavity outlet 332. The detector may be a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the barrier component 31. When the temperature of the barrier component 31 rises rapidly, it indicates that the barrier 311 is damaged and needs to be replaced. The damage of the barrier 311 may affect the transmission of microwaves in the waveguide 23, further affecting the normal operation of the pyrolysis reaction. Specifically, the barrier 311 may be a quartz glass plate, or other materials that do not absorb microwaves, such as a barrier 311 made of silicon nitride, mica, or ceramic.

[0073] In this embodiment, in order to not affect the transmission of microwaves in the waveguide 23 and the transmission of the protective medium to the inside of the dielectric protective layer 323, the baffle assembly 31 can be set into two groups, and the two groups of baffle assemblies 31 are alternately placed between the first waveguide 231 and the second waveguide 232, wherein the two groups of baffle assemblies 31 can be driven by a driving mechanism 35 to reciprocate and switch, and the power output end of the driving mechanism 35 is connected to the baffle assembly 31. Specifically, the driving mechanism 35 includes a driving member 351, a fixed arm 352 and a support arm 353, and the baffle assembly 31 is connected to the driving mechanism 35. The fixed arm 352 is fixed on the outer wall of the waveguide 23, one end of the support arm 353 is fixed to one end of the fixed arm 352 away from the outer wall of the waveguide 23, and the other end is connected to the driving member 351. Driven by the driving member 351, the baffle assembly 31 reciprocates relative to the waveguide 23. Specifically, the driving member 351 can be a cylinder member, and of course it can also be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric motor to provide a power source for driving the baffle assembly 31. Of course, the baffle assembly 31 can also be set to three groups or four groups, and the operator can set it according to the specific usage.

[0074] In this embodiment, the waveguide 23 protection device may further include a cooling component 36, which is disposed on the second waveguide 232 for cooling the second waveguide 232, wherein the cooling component 36 may be a water jacket, in which cold water is circulated, and under the action of the cold water, the heat on the second waveguide 232 can be taken away, thereby preventing the temperature of the second waveguide 232 from being too high and affecting the operation of the pyrolysis device, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the pyrolysis device.

[0075] In order to mix the materials evenly and make the materials heated evenly, Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the material is stirred by a stirring device 4. Specifically, the stirring device 4 includes a stirring component 41, one end of which extends into the material for stirring the material, and the other end extends outside the shell 1 and is connected to the power output shaft of the drive motor 47 to drive the stirring shaft 411 to rotate, wherein the stirring component 41 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation channels 42, and coolant is input into the heat dissipation channels 42 to cool the stirring component 41.

[0076] Specifically, if Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the stirring assembly 41 includes a stirring shaft 411 and a fixed tube 412, the stirring shaft 411 is fixed inside the fixed tube 412, and the heat dissipation channel 42 is arranged near the stirring shaft 411. For example, the heat dissipation channel 42 can be arranged inside the stirring shaft 411, and a conveying channel is arranged on both sides between the fixed tube 412 and the stirring shaft 411. Then, the outlet end of the conveying channel is connected with the heat dissipation channel 42, and the coolant is introduced into the conveying channel. After the coolant flows out of the conveying channel, it enters the inside of the heat dissipation channel 42 and exchanges heat with the body of the stirring shaft 411. After the cooling work of the stirring shaft 411 is completed, the coolant is output from the conveying channel on the other side to complete the cooling work. The heat dissipation channel 42 is arranged close to the stirring shaft 411 to increase the cooling area, thereby ensuring that the stirring shaft 411 is in a cooling state during the material stirring process, avoiding thermal expansion and contraction caused by the high temperature of the stirring shaft 411, and solving the problem of uneven heating of the material.

[0077] In this embodiment, Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the two ends of the stirring shaft 411 extend out of the two ends of the fixed tube 412, and the heat dissipation channel 42 can be arranged in the fixed tube 412 along the length direction of the fixed tube 412. The heat dissipation outlet end 421 and the heat dissipation inlet end 422 of the heat dissipation channel 42 are located outside the fixed tube 412. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation outlet end 421 and the heat dissipation inlet end 422 can be the above-mentioned conveying channel.

[0078] In order to circulate coolant into the channel to cool the stirring shaft 411, in this embodiment, the heat dissipation channel 42 can be configured as a U-shaped channel, and the two ends of the U-shaped channel are the heat dissipation outlet end 421 and the heat dissipation inlet end 422 respectively.

[0079] In this embodiment, Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the stirring assembly 41 also includes a plurality of connecting shafts 413 detachably connected to the stirring shaft 411, and a plurality of stirring blades 414 are provided on the connecting shaft 413. In specific applications, the stirring blades 414 can be arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft 413, and are arranged at a predetermined angle to the connecting shaft 413. For example, the stirring blades 414 can be arranged vertically to the connecting shaft 413, which is beneficial to ensure the uniformity of stirring and the balance of the stirring device 4 during rotation.

[0080] Specifically, Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the stirring blade 414 can be connected to the connecting shaft 413 via a flange. When the stirring blade 414 is worn during the stirring process, the stirring blade 414 can be replaced as a whole, which effectively improves the replacement efficiency. In this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent stirring blades 414 is set between 5-500mm. The stirring blade 414 can be set to a square. Of course, it can also be set to a diamond, circle, triangle or spiral shape, and each blade can be set to the same shape or different shapes. The stirring blade 414 can also be cancelled and the connecting shaft 413 can be set to a spiral structure. In actual industrial and mining, the staff makes specific selections and applications according to the working conditions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0081] In this embodiment, the stirring assembly 41 also includes an insulation tube 415, which is disposed in the fixed tube 412, and then the stirring shaft 411 is vertically disposed inside the insulation tube 415. Of course, the insulation tube 415 can also be sheathed on the outside of the fixed tube 412, and the installation method is diverse.

[0082] In this embodiment, the stirring device 4 also includes a temperature testing component 44, which includes a temperature sensor 441. The temperature sensor 441 is arranged inside the stirring shaft 411 along the radial direction of the stirring shaft 411, and / or is arranged on the stirring blade 414. When the temperature sensor 441 is arranged on the stirring blade 414, the temperature sensor 441 can be installed in a sensor protection tube to protect the temperature sensor 441, so as to avoid the temperature sensor 441 being damaged by materials with high temperatures and affecting the accuracy of the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 441. The temperature sensor can be placed on the stirring and crushing blade to avoid the temperature sensor 441 being damaged by particulate materials.

[0083] In this embodiment, the stirring device 4 also includes an auxiliary heat dissipation component 45, which includes an auxiliary heat dissipation pipe 451. The auxiliary heat dissipation pipe 451 can be sleeved at the connection between the insulation pipe 415 and the accommodating cavity 11, and coolant is transported in the auxiliary heat dissipation pipe 451 to cool the insulation pipe 415 exposed to the accommodating cavity 11. Specifically, the connection is made through a bearing structure. After cooling, the temperature of the insulation pipe 415 at the connection and the connection shaft 413 seat and bearing are reduced, ensuring that the stirring shaft 411 can operate in high-temperature equipment for a long time, effectively solving the problem of thermal expansion of the bearing in temperature. Specifically, an open end for transporting coolant can be opened on the tube body of the auxiliary heat dissipation pipe 451, and the coolant is transported to the inside of the auxiliary heat dissipation pipe 451 along the open end to fill the auxiliary heat dissipation pipe 451.

[0084] In this embodiment, multiple groups of stirring components 41 can be set in the above-mentioned accommodating cavity 11, such as two groups, three groups, and four groups. The increase in the number of stirring components 41 can improve the stirring efficiency of the material. The staff will set the corresponding number according to specific needs, wherein each stirring blade 414 is interspersed. By setting more than two groups of stirring devices 4, the stirring and crushing blades between the two groups of stirring devices 4 are used in conjunction with each other, so that the crossed stirring blades 414 can crush the agglomerated medium while stirring the medium.

[0085] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned absorbing component 22 can be a microwave absorption excitation layer 221, which is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the above-mentioned accommodating cavity 11 for absorbing microwaves, wherein a heat insulation layer 222 can also be arranged between the microwave absorption generation layer and the bottom inner wall of the above-mentioned accommodating cavity 11. Compared with the method of placing the microwave absorption excitation layer 221 directly in the material and entering and exiting with the material, the present invention fixes the microwave absorption generation layer on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 11, which overcomes the defect that the absorbing component 22 needs to be adjusted out of the material after the pyrolysis reaction of the material is completed, and is easy to use. The provision of the heat insulation layer 222 can avoid the problem of a rapid temperature rise of the shell 1, wherein the connection method between the heat insulation layer 222 and the microwave absorption excitation layer 221 can be:

[0086] The microwave absorption excitation layer 221 is embedded in the upper surface of the thermal insulation layer 222. Of course, the microwave absorption excitation layer 221 can also be fixed to the thermal insulation layer 222 by bolt connection, riveting, welding, etc., wherein the use of connecting parts is eliminated by being embedded in the surface of the thermal insulation layer 222, which can simplify the overall structure of the microwave absorption excitation layer 221 and facilitate the cleaning of the microwave absorption excitation layer 221. There are various connection methods, and the operator can make corresponding choices according to needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0087] Specifically, the microwave absorption excitation layer 221 can be one or more of silicon carbide, iron oxide, copper oxide, manganese dioxide, barium titanate, and ferrite. When there is more than one microwave absorption excitation layer 221, the material of the microwave absorption excitation layer 221 can be the same or different, which is not required here.

[0088] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned microwave generator 21 can be set to one or more. When it is set to multiple microwave generators 21, in order to avoid mutual interference between the microwave generators 21, the multiple microwave generators 21 need to be spaced apart and set at angles between adjacent ones to ensure uniform field strength distribution inside the accommodating cavity.

[0089] In this embodiment, a material level detector 46 can also be set on the above-mentioned shell 1 to detect the volume of the material before the pyrolysis reaction and the volume and weight of the material after the pyrolysis. When feeding the material, it can avoid adding too much material to cause the material to overflow, or too much material to facilitate the pyrolysis reaction, which is practical.

[0090] Embodiment 2:

[0091] The present embodiment provides a microwave pyrolysis device, which is different from the microwave pyrolysis device provided in Example 1 in that, in the present embodiment, the barrier component 31 includes two layers of barrier members 311, a sealed cavity 33 is formed between the two layers of barrier members 311, at least one through hole is provided on the first barrier member 311 connected to the waveguide cavity in the second waveguide 232, the gap between the two layers of barrier members 311 is used as an introduction channel 32, the through hole is used as an introduction outlet end 321, a protective medium is introduced into the sealed cavity 33, and the protective medium is input into the waveguide cavity along the through hole on the first barrier member 311 as an outlet, and by changing the air intake mode of the protective medium into the dielectric protective layer 323, an oxidation reaction can be generated with the carbon-containing mixture in the dielectric protective layer 323, and an oxidation reaction can be generated with the carbon impurities attached to the waveguide 23, so that the waveguide 23 can achieve a self-cleaning effect.

[0092] In this embodiment, a detector 34 may be further provided at the sealed cavity 33 to detect the sealing state of the sealed cavity 33 and the temperature of the baffle assembly 31 .

[0093] In this embodiment, the distance between the two layers of barrier members 311 can be set to 20 mm, and can certainly be set to 30 mm, as long as the distance is within the range of 10 mm-100 mm.

[0094] Embodiment 3:

[0095] The present embodiment provides a microwave pyrolysis device, which is different from the microwave pyrolysis device provided in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 in that, in the present embodiment, a thermal insulation layer 6 can be provided in the body of the shell 1, and a thermal insulation material is filled in the thermal insulation layer 6, so that when the material in the accommodating cavity 11 undergoes a pyrolysis reaction, the heat exchange between the accommodating cavity 11 and the outside can be reduced, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the pyrolysis reaction. In the present embodiment, the thermal insulation material can be made of thermal insulation cotton, and of course it can also be thermal insulation materials of other materials, as long as it is resistant to high temperature, does not absorb microwaves, is non-flammable, has good thermal insulation properties, and reduces the heat exchange between the material in the accommodating cavity and the outside.

[0096] In this embodiment, a galvanized layer and a conductive oxide layer are provided on the inner wall of the shell 1, that is, a galvanized layer and a conductive oxide layer are provided on the side wall of the insulation layer 6 away from the accommodating cavity, so as to reduce the skin effect on the surface of the shell 1 and reduce the loss of the shell 1 body.

[0097] In this embodiment, the wall thickness of each position of the shell 1 can be set to be uniform and consistent, which is conducive to maintaining the temperature of each position of the shell 1 to be consistent.

[0098] Embodiment 4:

[0099] This embodiment provides a microwave pyrolysis device, which is different from the microwave pyrolysis devices provided in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3 in that: Figure 1 In this embodiment, the microwave pyrolysis equipment further includes a feeding device 7 and a discharging device 8, and the discharging end 71 of the feeding device 7 and the feeding end 81 of the discharging device 8 are respectively connected to the accommodating cavity 11.

[0100] Specifically, the above-mentioned feeding device 7 includes a feeding pipe 72 and a feeding piece 73 arranged along the axial direction of the feeding pipe 72. The feeding pipe 72 has a discharge end 71. The feeding piece 73 can be set as a spiral structure. After the material is put into the feeding pipe 72, the material can be spirally pushed into the interior of the accommodating cavity 11, which is conducive to the feeding of large quantities of materials.

[0101] Specifically, the above-mentioned discharging device 8 includes a discharging pipe 82, which has an inlet end 81. A spiral structure may also be arranged inside the discharging pipe 82. After the pyrolysis reaction of the material is completed, the spiral structure may be used to accelerate the discharging speed of the material. The material is introduced into the inside of the discharging pipe 82 along the inlet end 81, and is discharged from the discharging pipe 82 under the drive of the spiral structure.

[0102] The working process of the pyrolysis equipment provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0103] First, the material to be processed is introduced into the containing cavity through the feed pipe, and a microwave pyrolysis reaction is carried out under the microwave emitted by the microwave generator, wherein the electromagnetic energy generated by the microwave generator is initially absorbed by the microwave absorption excitation layer and transmitted to the material. As the temperature in the containing cavity increases, the material is continuously pyrolyzed. During the pyrolysis reaction, the stirring device is turned on and the material is stirred by the stirring device to increase the pyrolysis rate. After the pyrolysis reaction is completed, the mixed combustible gas generated after the pyrolysis reaction is first discharged along the gas outlet, and then the material after the pyrolysis reaction is discharged from the containing cavity.

[0104] Before the material undergoes pyrolysis reaction, an inert gas (such as nitrogen, etc.) is first introduced into the containing cavity along the air inlet of the shell to remove the oxygen in the containing cavity. The oxygen is discharged from the containing cavity along the air outlet of the shell, and then the pyrolysis reaction begins. The combustible gas generated by pyrolysis maintains an oxygen-free environment in the containing cavity, which can ensure the smooth progress of the pyrolysis reaction and avoid internal explosions.

[0105] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A microwave pyrolysis device, characterized in that: include, Rack(5): A housing (1) is arranged on the frame (5), and has a receiving cavity (11) inside for placing materials; A microwave generating device (2) comprising at least one microwave generator (21) and a wave absorbing component (22), wherein the microwave generator (21) is connected to the accommodating cavity (11) via a waveguide (23), and the wave absorbing component (22) is arranged inside the accommodating cavity (11); A waveguide protection device (3) is provided on the waveguide (23) and forms a dielectric protection layer (323) between the accommodating cavity (11) and the waveguide (23); A stirring device (4) is arranged on the shell (1), one end of which extends into the accommodating cavity (11) and is inserted into the material for stirring; the stirring device (4) is provided with at least two stirring blades (414) of each stirring device (4) being interlaced; The waveguide protection device (3) comprises: a baffle assembly (31), the baffle assembly (31) being arranged on the waveguide (23) and separating the waveguide (23) into a first waveguide (231) and a second waveguide (232), wherein the second waveguide (232) is connected to the accommodating cavity (11); An inlet channel (32) has an inlet outlet end (321), wherein the inlet outlet end (321) is arranged close to the baffle assembly (31), and the protective medium flowing out of the inlet channel (32) forms the medium protective layer (323) at the baffle assembly (31); The second waveguide (232) forms a waveguide cavity, the waveguide cavity is connected to the accommodating cavity (11), the introduction outlet end (321) is located in the waveguide cavity, and the dielectric protection layer (323) is formed in the waveguide cavity.

2. The microwave pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring device (4) comprises a stirring assembly (41), one end of which extends vertically into the material, and the other end of which extends outside the housing and is connected to a power output shaft of a driving motor to drive the stirring shaft to rotate; A plurality of heat dissipation channels (42) are provided in the stirring assembly (41).

3. The microwave pyrolysis equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (41) further comprises a fixed tube (412) on which a stirring shaft (411) is arranged, two ends of the stirring shaft (411) extend out of two ends of the fixed tube (412), the heat dissipation channel (42) is arranged inside the fixed tube (412) along the length direction of the fixed tube (412), a heat dissipation outlet end (421) and a heat dissipation inlet end (422) of the heat dissipation channel (42) are located outside the upper end of the fixed tube (412), and the heat dissipation channel (42) is arranged close to the stirring shaft (411).

4. The microwave pyrolysis equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat dissipation channel (42) is configured as a U-shaped channel, and the two ends of the U-shaped channel are respectively the heat dissipation outlet end (421) and the heat dissipation inlet end (422).

5. The microwave pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave absorbing component (22) is a microwave absorption excitation layer (221), and the microwave absorption excitation layer (221) is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the accommodating cavity (11).

6. The microwave pyrolysis equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material of the microwave absorption excitation layer (221) is one or more of silicon carbide, iron oxide, copper oxide, manganese dioxide, barium titanate, and ferrite.

7. The microwave pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a feeding device (7) and a discharging device (8), wherein the discharging end (71) of the feeding device (7) and the feeding end (81) of the discharging device (8) are respectively connected to the accommodating cavity (11); the feeding device (7) includes a feeding pipe (72) and a feeding piece (73) arranged along the axial direction of the feeding pipe (72), the feeding pipe (72) has the discharging end (71), and the feeding piece (73) can spirally push the material into the interior of the accommodating cavity (11); the discharging device (8) includes a discharging pipe (82), and the discharging pipe (82) has the feeding end (81).

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