The invention relates to a method for separating lithium cobalt oxide and aluminum foil on a scrapped lithium ion battery positive pole piece. The method comprises the following steps: charging and dismantling a scrapped lithium ion battery, placing the waste positive pole piece into a box-type resistance furnace, roasting the waste positive pole piece in the box-type resistance furnace at the temperature of 500 to 600 DEG C, placing the roasted positive pole piece into a vessel with water, stirring the positive pole piece in the water by utilizing an electric stirrer, and screening substances in the vessel by utilizing a screen, wherein a substance on the screen is aluminum foil; washing the substance on the screen by utilizing the water, and naturally drying the substance to obtain the aluminum foil; filtering the substance below the screen (the substance below the screen is a mixed solution containing a positive active substance), placing the naturally dried filtered substance into a ceramic crucible, placing the ceramic crucible into the box-type resistance furnace to be processed at high temperature to obtain the lithium cobalt oxide. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that easiness in operation is realized, the requirement on a separation device is low, the efficiency for separating the lithium cobalt oxide and the aluminum foil is high, the cost is low, no organic solvent needs to be used in the processing step, and no secondary pollution is produced in the separation process.