Microwave pyrolysis chamber and low-radioactivity combustible solid waste microwave treatment system thereof
Through a system combining a microwave pyrolysis chamber and an oxidation chamber, the problems of low carbonization degree and high volume expansion ratio in the treatment of low-radioactive combustible solid waste are solved, and efficient volume reduction and densification treatment are achieved. It is suitable for high-halogen sulfur-containing waste and complies with the principle of nuclear power waste minimization.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422706561.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-06
AI Technical Summary
When the existing incineration method treats low-radioactive combustible solid waste, the carbonization degree is low and the treatment effect is poor. It is not suitable for volatile radionuclide materials such as high-halogen sulfur. The incineration ash is not evenly distributed and compact, and the volume expansion ratio is high, which violates the principle of minimizing nuclear power waste.
A microwave pyrolysis chamber is used for treatment, and microwave heating technology is used for flameless distillation to decompose organic matter into volatile components, promote carbonization and densification, and combine with an oxidation chamber and tail gas treatment equipment to achieve efficient volume reduction and purification.
It improves the carbonization degree, reduces the radionuclide gasification rate, reduces the waste volume, generates uniform and dense ash, is suitable for high-halogen sulfur-containing waste, and meets the principle of nuclear power waste minimization.
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Figure CN223417979U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of radioactive combustible waste treatment, in particular to a microwave pyrolysis chamber and a low-radioactive combustible solid waste microwave treatment system thereof. Background Art
[0002] Nuclear power plants generate a significant amount of technical waste during maintenance, such as plastic sheeting, absorbent paper, gloves, rags, discarded work clothes, gas jackets, and other low-level combustible solid waste. Previous treatment methods primarily involved fixation and compression. Fixation methods primarily involved cement curing and concrete fixation, while compression methods included pre-compression, super-compression, and final drumming followed by isolated temporary storage. However, with the exception of super-compression, which is a volume reduction process with a volume increase ratio of approximately 0.2, all other waste treatment processes involve volume increase. The volume increase ratio for treating spent filter cartridges using concrete fixation can even reach 11.0, clearly inconsistent with the principle of nuclear power waste minimization.
[0003] To this end, low-level radioactive combustible solid waste volume reduction technologies have gradually become mainstream, primarily including incineration, cold crucible melting, steam reforming volume reduction, supercritical water oxidation, and plasma melting. Incineration, due to its high efficiency and lowest cost, has become the most widely adopted treatment method. However, current incineration methods suffer from the following issues: 1. Low carbonization and poor treatment effectiveness; 2. Unsuitable for the treatment of volatile radionuclides such as high-halogen and sulfur-containing resins, plastics, and rubber; and 3. Poor uniformity and low density of the incinerated ash. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the above technical problems and provide a microwave pyrolysis chamber and a low-radioactive combustible solid waste microwave treatment system thereof. The microwave pyrolysis treatment process is a flameless distillation process with a high degree of carbonization and the radionuclides are not easy to gasify. It can be applied to the treatment of volatile radionuclides in combustible wastes such as high-halogen sulfur-containing wastes. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the volume of combustible solid wastes, promote matrix densification, and make the ash more uniform and have a higher density.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses a microwave pyrolysis chamber, comprising a microwave pyrolysis chamber body with a chamber therein, a grate provided in the chamber, the grate dividing the chamber into a microwave processing zone and an ash discharge zone arranged upper and lower, the microwave processing zone being provided with a feed port, a flue gas port and a microwave port, a microwave source being installed on the microwave pyrolysis chamber body, the microwave source feeding microwaves into the microwave processing zone through the microwave port, the microwave port being covered with a wave-transparent body, an ash discharge port being provided at the bottom of the ash discharge zone, and the ash discharge port being sealed and connected to a detachable ash storage tank.
[0006] Preferably, the microwave source includes a magnetron and a waveguide tube, the magnetron is installed on the outer wall of the microwave pyrolysis chamber body, the waveguide tube is installed in the microwave port, the magnetron is connected to the inlet end of the waveguide tube, and the microwave port is provided with a wave-transparent body capable of covering the outlet end of the waveguide tube.
[0007] Preferably, an air supply pipe is installed on the microwave pyrolysis chamber body, the air inlet end of the air supply pipe is used to connect to the high-temperature air source, the air outlet end of the air supply pipe extends into the ash discharge area, and the pipe wall of the air supply pipe is provided with an air outlet hole for air discharge.
[0008] Also disclosed is a microwave treatment system for low-radioactive combustible solid waste, comprising an oxidation chamber, an exhaust gas treatment device, and the above-mentioned microwave pyrolysis chamber. A smoke inlet is provided at the upper portion of the oxidation chamber, and a smoke outlet is provided at the lower portion of the oxidation chamber. The smoke inlet is connected to the smoke outlet, and the smoke outlet is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device.
[0009] Preferably, the smoke inlet is connected to the smoke outlet through a microwave shielding pipe, and a microwave shielding net is installed in the microwave shielding pipe.
[0010] Preferably, a heating device capable of heating the microwave shielded pipe is included.
[0011] Preferably, the heating device includes a high-temperature air source and a heating chamber, the heating chamber is wrapped around the microwave shielding pipe, and the air inlet of the heating chamber and the air inlet end of the air supply pipe are both connected to the high-temperature air source.
[0012] Preferably, the high-temperature air source includes an air preheater and a blower, the air inlet of the air preheater is connected to the blower, and the air outlet of the air preheater is connected to the air inlet end of the air supply pipe and the air inlet of the heating chamber through an air supply pipe.
[0013] Preferably, the exhaust gas treatment equipment includes a particulate collector, an SCR treatment device, an air-cooled water chiller, an activated carbon adsorber, a spray tower and an induced draft fan which are connected in sequence, and the particulate collector is connected to the smoke outlet.
[0014] Preferably, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are provided on the microwave pyrolysis chamber body, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are in communication with the microwave processing zone.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following technical effects:
[0016] The microwave pyrolysis treatment process of the present invention is a flameless distillation process, which can be carried out in an environment with no or little air or oxygen. In this process, the organic matter in the solid waste is externally heated to the decomposition temperature for decomposition to generate volatile components with high calorific value, such as methane, ethane, benzene and toluene, as well as tar and semi-coke. Since most organic matter is thermally unstable in this temperature range, they will break. When the organic matter breaks, the remaining carbon forms carbon-rich coke. This process can not only increase the degree of carbonization and reduce the nuclide gasification rate, so as to be suitable for the treatment of volatile nuclides in combustible wastes such as high halogen and sulfur-containing wastes, but also reduce the volume of combustible solid wastes, reduce the internal thermal stress of the material, promote matrix densification, and make the ash more uniform and have a higher density. Microwave pyrolysis mainly utilizes the "thermal effect" of microwaves, and in the pyrolysis process, microwaves promote the progress of chemical reactions, which utilizes the "non-thermal effect" of microwaves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the microwave treatment system for low-level radioactive combustible solid waste in the embodiment;
[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the microwave pyrolysis chamber and oxidation chamber in the embodiment.
[0020] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Microwave pyrolysis chamber; 2. Oxidation chamber; 3. Particle collector; 4. SCR treatment equipment; 5. Air-cooled water chiller; 6. Activated carbon adsorber; 7. Spray tower; 8. Induced draft fan; 9. Flue gas duct; 10. Air preheater; 11. Blower; 12. Air supply pipe; 13. Microwave shielding pipe; 14. Microwave shielding net; 15. Heating chamber; 16. Temperature sensor; 17. Pressure sensor; 18. Oxygen content sensor; 19. Microwave treatment area; 20. Ash discharge area; 21. Grate; 22. Feed hopper; 23. Wave-transmitting body; 24. Magnetron; 25. Waveguide tube; 26. Ash storage tank; 27. Air supply pipe; 28. Air outlet; 29. Valve plate; 30. Flue plate; 31. Insulation layer DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] Example 1
[0023] This embodiment provides a microwave pyrolysis chamber, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the microwave pyrolysis chamber comprises a main body, which contains a chamber. A grate 21 is installed within the chamber, dividing the chamber into a microwave treatment zone 19 and an ash discharge zone 20, arranged vertically. The microwave treatment zone 19 is provided with a feed inlet, a flue gas outlet, and a microwave outlet. Low-level radioactive combustible solid waste can be introduced into the microwave treatment zone 19 through the feed inlet and accumulated on the grate 21. A microwave source is mounted on the main body of the microwave pyrolysis chamber, which supplies microwaves into the microwave treatment zone 19 through the microwave outlet to heat the low-level radioactive combustible solid waste within the microwave treatment zone 19. Ash generated by the combustion of the low-level radioactive combustible solid waste falls through the grate 21 into the ash discharge zone 20, while smoke generated by the combustion is discharged through the flue gas outlet, which can be connected to exhaust gas treatment to avoid pollution. An ash discharge port is provided at the bottom of the ash discharge area 20, which is sealed with a detachable ash storage tank 26. The ash in the ash discharge area 20 is automatically discharged into the ash storage tank 26. When the ash storage tank 26 is full, it can be disassembled, collected and transported.
[0024] The microwave heating process is not only safe, efficient, and energy-efficient, but its non-thermal effects can also improve the physical and mechanical properties of materials. Microwave pyrolysis, based on microwave heating technology, can reduce the sintering activation energy and effectively promote the forward diffusion of ions, thereby accelerating the sintering process, reducing internal thermal stress in the material, and promoting matrix densification. Samples treated with microwave pyrolysis have a more uniform particle size distribution and higher density, which is of great significance for improving the mechanical stability and leaching resistance of solidified radioactive waste. Furthermore, microwave pyrolysis transfers energy directly to the radioactive waste being treated, eliminating the need for electrodes, refractory liners, and related auxiliary equipment. Microwave pyrolysis has a higher heating rate than conventional heating methods, and the heating temperature can be precisely adjusted. The resulting process has a high degree of carbonization and is not easily vaporized. This eliminates the problem of traditional incineration being unsuitable for treating volatile radionuclides in combustible wastes such as high-halogen sulfur-containing resins, plastics, and rubber. Furthermore, the frequency of the microwave source can be adjusted to achieve selective heating depending on the material. Specifically, because microwaves act differently on different materials, they absorb microwave energy at varying efficiencies. For example, for substances containing water molecules, the higher the water content, the more energy is absorbed. This characteristic can be exploited to achieve selective microwave heating. Furthermore, microwave pyrolysis is performed in a completely sealed cavity, so the viscosity of the pollutants is not a controlling factor. This reduces the volume of waste storage equipment, allowing the processing of large volumes of multiple types of waste. Furthermore, the equipment is easy to control and maintain. Furthermore, microwave pyrolysis is not affected by the shape of the sample being heated; it heats the entire material. Therefore, any polar dielectric material can be uniformly heated using electromagnetic waves.
[0025] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a feed hopper 22 with a valve plate 29 is mounted on the top of the microwave pyrolysis chamber. The feed port, located at the top of the microwave pyrolysis chamber, communicates with the bottom of the feed hopper 22. After low-level combustible solid waste is placed into the feed hopper 22, the valve plate 29 is opened, allowing the waste to fall through the feed port into the microwave treatment zone 19. The valve plate 29 is then promptly closed.
[0026] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, multiple valve plates 29 can be installed in the feed hopper 22 from top to bottom. Low-level radioactive combustible solid waste can be packaged in PE plastic bags and pre-stored between the upper and lower valve plates 29. The valve plates 29 are then opened sequentially from bottom to top to process the low-level radioactive combustible solid waste. The sealed design of the multiple valve plates 29 prevents the slight positive pressure in the microwave treatment zone 19 from causing flue gas to escape when the combustible solid waste enters. Preferably, the PE plastic bags are approximately 200mm x 400mm in size, allowing 10 to 15 bags of waste to be pre-stored in the feed hopper 22. This is, of course, only a preferred method and can be adjusted as needed.
[0027] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the ash discharge area 20 is in a conical cylindrical shape, which facilitates the centralized collection of ash into the ash storage tank 26 to avoid residue.
[0028] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the microwave source includes a magnetron 24 and a waveguide 25. The magnetron 24 is mounted on the outer wall of the microwave pyrolysis chamber body. The waveguide 25 is mounted in the microwave port, and the magnetron 24 is connected to the inlet end of the waveguide 25. The microwave port is provided with a wave-transparent body 23, which can cover the outlet end of the waveguide 25. The microwaves generated by the magnetron 24 can be fed into the waveguide 25 and then fed into the microwave processing zone 19 through the wave-transparent body 23. The wave-transparent body 23 can prevent cracked dust or furnace ash from entering the waveguide 25 and causing damage to the magnetron 24. The wave-transparent body 23 can be made of materials such as glass and ceramics, preferably high-temperature resistant glass or ceramics.
[0029] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, an air supply pipe 27 is installed on the microwave pyrolysis chamber body. The air inlet end of the air supply pipe 27 is used to connect to a high-temperature air source, and the air outlet end of the air supply pipe 27 extends into the ash discharge area 20. An air outlet hole 28 for air discharge is provided on the pipe wall of the air supply pipe 27. High-temperature air can be supplied to the ash discharge area 20 through the air supply pipe 27. The high-temperature air rises and can enter the microwave treatment area 19 through the grate 21. Microwave radiation can accelerate the cracking of combustible solid waste materials at a lower temperature and generate a certain amount of carbon-containing residue. At this stage, a small amount of high-temperature air is introduced through the air outlet hole 28 to further oxidize the carbon produced by the microwave pyrolysis of combustible waste into CO and CO2 gases, thereby achieving the purpose of further volume reduction.
[0030] Specifically, the microwave pyrolysis process for treating low-level radioactive combustible solid waste can be divided into three stages: the first is low-temperature HCl removal (80-150°C), the second is medium-temperature carbonization (150-250°C), and the third is high-temperature ashing (>250°C). In the first stage, by adjusting the microwave heating power, the reaction is initially kept at a low temperature, allowing only HCl removal to occur. Subsequently, increasing the microwave heating power and the reaction temperature allows for complete carbonization of the low-level radioactive combustible solid waste, significantly reducing dioxin production. In the second stage, as the reaction temperature increases, the types and concentrations of cracked gases increase. In the third stage, due to the high thermal stability of carbon in the absence of oxygen, even heating to 2000°C without mass loss, oxygen is required for this reaction. The introduction of a certain amount of air allows the residual carbon to undergo further oxidation, releasing CO and CO₂ gases, achieving maximum volume reduction. This prevents the nuclides from being vaporized, promotes self-filtration of smoke, and facilitates exhaust purification.
[0031] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2As shown, the microwave pyrolysis chamber has dimensions of 6m × 2m × 2.5m, a designed volume of approximately 200L, and a total system weight of 5000kg. Ten sets of 0-3kW adjustable-power magnetrons 24 are distributed along the outer wall of the microwave pyrolysis chamber. The microwave frequency is 2450±15MHz, with a total power of approximately 100kW, a processing capacity of approximately 20-30kg / h, and a total power of approximately 100kW, achieving a volume reduction rate of 95%. The ash storage tank 26 has a capacity of 20-30L. Ash is collected and transported through a glove box for subsequent centralized processing. Once a certain amount of ash is stored, it can be covered, inspected for contamination, and numbered. Shielding and storage limits are required if necessary. The internal temperature of the pyrolysis chamber is controlled by adjusting the microwave input power. The position of the microwave port was confirmed using COMSOL electromagnetic field simulation to prevent interference between the microwaves generated by multiple microwave sources. Each magnetron 24 corresponds to a microwave high-frequency power supply, which includes an anode high-voltage power supply, a filament power supply, and a control system. Cooling is either air-cooled or water-cooled. The high-frequency power supply control is tailored to the magnetron 24's protection requirements, offering comprehensive protection features such as magnetron 24 overtemperature protection, anode overvoltage and overcurrent protection, and filament overcurrent and undercurrent protection. The high-frequency power supply features a visual user interface and data display and storage system, enabling arbitrary adjustment of microwave power within a range of 10% to 100%. Its narrow output spectrum width (approximately 1.5 MHz) offers high reliability, safety, high efficiency, high stability, and low EMI. Furthermore, the high-frequency power supply offers two control modes: a local touch screen and remote RS485 communication, both of which can control the magnetron 24. The high-frequency power supply also includes a reserved expansion port, allowing for additional control functions as needed, for ease of use.
[0032] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the microwave pyrolysis chamber 1 is enclosed by high-temperature resistant materials and a metal shell. Microwaves will not leak, the external ambient temperature remains almost unchanged, and most of the heat is absorbed by the medium in the cavity. Unlike traditional muffle furnace heating, the microwave pyrolysis chamber 1 does not require traditional thermal radiation and heat conduction processes. It is a new type of body heating process with a short heating time, which can achieve rapid and uniform heating. Microwave heating and pyrolysis are not affected by the shape of the solid waste sample and heat the material as a whole. The microwave pyrolysis chamber 1 is fully electrically driven, does not require fossil fuels, and is ready for use.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] This embodiment provides a microwave treatment system for low-radioactive combustible solid waste, such as Figures 1 to 2As shown, it includes the microwave pyrolysis chamber 1, oxidation chamber 2 and exhaust gas treatment equipment in Example 1. A smoke inlet is provided at the upper part of the oxidation chamber 2. A smoke outlet is provided at the lower part of the oxidation chamber 2, and the smoke inlet is connected to the smoke outlet of the microwave pyrolysis chamber 1. The smoke outlet is connected to the exhaust gas treatment equipment. During the microwave pyrolysis chamber 1 performing microwave cracking treatment on low-radioactive combustible solid waste, the generated flue gas will enter the oxidation chamber 2 through the smoke outlet and the smoke inlet, and then the oxidation chamber 2 will burn the combustible gas in the flue gas, and then the flue gas will enter the exhaust gas treatment equipment for treatment to prevent the discharged flue gas from polluting the outside world.
[0035] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the smoke inlet is connected to the smoke outlet via a microwave shielding conduit 13. A microwave shielding mesh 14 is installed within the microwave shielding conduit 13. The microwave shielding mesh 14 shields microwaves in the smoke, preventing them from entering the oxidation chamber 2 with the smoke and causing electromagnetic interference to the electrical components of the oxidation chamber 2. Preferably, multiple microwave shielding meshes 14 are installed within the microwave shielding conduit 13. The microwave shielding conduit 13 and the microwave shielding mesh 14 are primarily made of metal.
[0036] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, oxidation chamber 2 uses electric auxiliary heating. The design temperature of oxidation chamber 2 is 1200°C, the power design within oxidation chamber 2 is approximately 50kW, and an insulation layer 31 is provided inside oxidation chamber 2. Insulation layer 31 is made of high-aluminum, high-silicon ceramic fiber material. Oxidation chamber 2 is provided with observation and maintenance ports.
[0037] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, multiple flue plates 30 are provided in the oxidation chamber 2. The multiple flue plates 30 are staggered to form a continuous "S"-shaped bend in the oxidation chamber 2, which can ensure that the flue gas stays in the oxidation chamber 2 for more than 2S.
[0038] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the oxidation chamber 2 is equipped with a temperature sensor 16 and a pressure sensor 17 to monitor and adjust the temperature and pressure in the oxidation chamber 2 to ensure stable operation of the system.
[0039] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a heating device is included, which can heat the microwave shielding pipe 13 to keep the flue gas in the microwave shielding pipe 13 warm.
[0040] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2As shown, the heating device comprises a high-temperature air source and a heating chamber 15. The heating chamber 15 is wrapped on the microwave shielding pipeline 13, and the heating chamber 15 is in communication with the high-temperature air source. A blast pipe 27 is installed on the microwave pyrolysis chamber 1, the air inlet end of the blast pipe 27 is connected with the high-temperature air source, the air outlet end of the blast pipe 27 extends into the ash discharge area 20, and the blast pipe 27 is provided with air outlet holes 28 on the pipe wall. The high-temperature air source can provide high-temperature air for the heating chamber 15 and the blast pipe 27, and valves can be arranged at the air inlet end of the blast pipe 27 and the air inlet end of the heating chamber 15 to adjust the air inlet amount according to the needs.
[0041] In an embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 2 The high-temperature air source comprises an air preheater 10 and a blower 11, the air inlet of the air preheater 10 is in communication with the blower 11, and the air outlet of the air preheater 10 is in communication with the air inlet end of the blast pipe 27 and the air inlet of the heating chamber 15 through the blast pipe 12.
[0042] After the low-radioactivity combustible solid waste is pyrolyzed and incinerated by microwaves, some harmful components and pollutants in the flue gas must be removed, such as solid particles, HCl, SOx, NOx, heavy metals and other harmful gases in the flue gas. In addition, radionuclides must be further treated to meet relevant legal regulations. Therefore, in an embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 2As shown, the exhaust gas treatment equipment includes a particulate collector 3, an SCR treatment equipment 4, an air-cooled water chiller 5, an activated carbon adsorber 6, a spray tower 7 and an induced draft fan 8 which are connected in sequence. The particulate collector 3 is connected to the smoke outlet of the oxidation chamber 2. Under the induced draft of the induced draft fan 8, the flue gas will first pass through the particulate collector (DPF) 3, the main purpose of which is to filter out fly ash in the exhaust gas and reduce the load of the downstream flue gas. The filter element is made of cordierite material, which has good acid and alkali resistance and corrosion resistance, and has fire and heat resistance functions for instantaneous high temperatures caused by abnormal working conditions; then the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas are removed through the SCR treatment equipment 4. The SCR treatment equipment 4 has the advantages of high purification efficiency, high temperature resistance and no secondary pollution. The catalyst in the SCR process of flue gas denitrification uses a high-temperature catalyst; then, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled by the air-cooled water chiller 5, and the air-cooled The water-cooled chiller 5 can adopt an air-cooled water-cooled chiller 5 with a total power of about 15kW, a cooling range of 1315cal to 1892kcal, and a chilled water outlet temperature range of -10 to 30°C. It is easy to install and maintain and occupies a small area. Subsequently, the flue gas passes through the activated carbon adsorber 6 and enters the spray tower 7 after being adsorbed by activated carbon. The spray tower 7 is filled with a NaOH aqueous solution, which can remove acidic waste gas components such as HCl and SOX in the flue gas, and can also reduce part of the flue gas temperature. Finally, under the action of the induced draft fan 8, it is discharged into the unified exhaust duct 9 of the nuclear power plant to avoid the risk of exposure of radioactive nuclides. The induced draft fan 8 is used to keep the system at a stable negative pressure and prevent the exposure of polluted waste gas. At the same time, the flue gas can overcome the resistance of the system pipeline and discharge the flue gas smoothly through the chimney. The air volume of the induced draft fan 8 is about 300m 3 / H.
[0043] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the microwave pyrolysis chamber body is equipped with a temperature sensor 16 and a pressure sensor 17. These sensors are connected to the microwave treatment zone 19 and monitor the temperature and pressure within the microwave treatment zone 19. By adjusting the wind speed of the induced draft fan 8, the microwave treatment zone 19 is always kept at a slightly negative pressure, thereby preventing the risk of toxic and harmful gas leakage. The temperature within the microwave treatment zone 19 can be adjusted by adjusting the microwave frequency of the magnetron 24.
[0044] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a temperature sensor 16 and an oxygen content sensor 18 are provided on the particle collector 3 and the pipe connected to the smoke outlet of the oxidation chamber 2 .
[0045] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims
1. A microwave pyrolysis chamber, characterized in that: The microwave pyrolysis chamber body comprises a microwave pyrolysis chamber body with a chamber therein, a grate is provided in the chamber, the grate divides the chamber into a microwave processing zone and an ash discharge zone arranged upper and lower, the microwave processing zone is provided with a feed port, a flue gas port and a microwave port, a microwave source is installed on the microwave pyrolysis chamber body, the microwave source feeds microwaves into the microwave processing zone through the microwave port, the microwave port is covered with a wave-transparent body, an ash discharge port is provided at the bottom of the ash discharge zone, and the ash discharge port is sealed and connected to a detachable ash storage tank.
2. A microwave pyrolysis chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave source includes a magnetron and a waveguide tube. The magnetron is installed on the outer wall of the microwave pyrolysis chamber body, and the waveguide tube is installed in the microwave port. The magnetron is connected to the inlet end of the waveguide tube, and the microwave port is provided with a wave-transparent body capable of covering the outlet end of the waveguide tube.
3. A microwave pyrolysis chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air supply pipe is installed on the microwave pyrolysis chamber body. The air inlet end of the air supply pipe is used to connect to a high-temperature air source. The air outlet end of the air supply pipe extends into the ash discharge area. An air outlet hole for air discharge is provided on the pipe wall of the air supply pipe.
4. A microwave treatment system for low-level radioactive combustible solid waste, characterized in that: It comprises an oxidation chamber, an exhaust gas treatment device and a microwave pyrolysis chamber as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a smoke inlet is provided at the upper portion of the oxidation chamber, a smoke outlet is provided at the lower portion of the oxidation chamber, the smoke inlet is connected to the smoke outlet, and the smoke outlet is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device.
5. The microwave treatment system for low-level radioactive combustible solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The smoke inlet is communicated with the smoke outlet through a microwave shielding pipe, and a microwave shielding net is installed in the microwave shielding pipe.
6. The microwave treatment system for low-level radioactive combustible solid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heating device capable of heating the microwave shielding pipe.
7. The microwave treatment system for low-level radioactive combustible solid waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The microwave pyrolysis chamber according to claim 3 is adopted, and the heating equipment includes a high-temperature air source and a heating chamber, the heating chamber is wrapped around the microwave shielding pipe, and the air inlet of the heating chamber and the air inlet end of the air supply pipe are both connected to the high-temperature air source.
8. The microwave treatment system for low-level radioactive combustible solid waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The high-temperature air source includes an air preheater and a blower. The air inlet of the air preheater is connected to the blower, and the air outlet of the air preheater is connected to the air inlet end of the air supply pipe and the air inlet of the heating chamber through an air supply pipe.
9. The microwave treatment system for low-level radioactive combustible solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust gas treatment equipment includes a particle collector, an SCR treatment device, an air-cooled water chiller, an activated carbon adsorber, a spray tower and an induced draft fan which are connected in sequence, and the particle collector is connected to the smoke outlet.
10. The microwave treatment system for low-level radioactive combustible solid waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: The microwave pyrolysis chamber body is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are in communication with the microwave processing zone.