A support device for end-wall coal mining

Abstract

The present invention discloses a support device for end-side coal mining. The support device includes a roof beam, a top opening and closing device, a rib beam, a rib telescopic device, a traveling device, and a universal structure device. Among them, a plurality of roof beams are evenly arranged in the horizontal direction, and a rib beam is supported below each end of each roof beam. The top opening and closing device is located between each adjacent two roof beams, the rib telescopic device is located between each rib beam and the rib beam, the traveling device is located at the bottom of each rib beam, and the universal structure device is located at the lower part of the roof beam and the inner part of the rib beam. The design of the present invention is simple and convenient, has strong extensibility, long-distance support, and can be recycled and reused. By using this support device, the roadway driving speed can be effectively increased, and the support cost can be reduced. After multiple groups are used, it can protect the roadheader and belt conveyor during end-side driving and mining, avoid damage to the equipment caused by falling gangue from the roof and roadway rib, and at the same time, it can be recycled and reused with the withdrawal of the roadheader after the roadway driving is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sidewall coal mining support equipment in open-pit coal mines, and in particular relates to a support device for sidewall coal mining. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country's coal mining methods are divided into underground mining and open-pit mining, with underground mining as the main method. After entering the 20th century, with the rapid development of mining equipment and the release of large-scale open-pit coalfields, my country's open-pit coal mining has developed rapidly, the process technology level has been significantly improved, the production capacity has gradually increased, and the output of open-pit coal mines has ranked second in the world, making China a large and powerful country in open-pit coal mining.

[0003] However, during the mining process of open-pit coal mines, there is a serious waste of end-wall coal resources, including a lot of high-quality resources. With the introduction and development of various new equipment, it has become a reality to recover the end-wall coal resources of open-pit coal mines using end-wall coal mining technology. End-wall coal mining can improve the resource recovery rate, avoid the loss of corner and field boundary coal, and at the same time achieve non-collapse mining and meet the requirements of slope stability.

[0004] When excavating the end side tunnel, if the traditional well excavation and anchor net support method is adopted, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The anchoring time is 2 to 2.5 times the coal output time, the excavation operation efficiency is low and the safety factor is poor. Now a reusable support device is invented to cooperate with the tunnel boring machine, which can not only improve the excavation efficiency, but also protect the tunnel boring machine and belt conveyor, and at the same time effectively reduce the tunnel excavation cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to fill the gap in the existing end-wall coal mining support technology and to design a support device for end-wall coal mining which is simple, convenient, highly scalable, can support over a long distance, and can be recycled and reused.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A support device for end-wall coal mining, the support device comprises a top beam, a top opening and closing device, a side beam, a side telescopic device, a walking device and a universal structure device; wherein,

[0008] Several top beams are evenly arranged in the horizontal direction, and a side beam is supported below both ends of each top beam. The top opening and closing device is located between each two adjacent top beams, the side beam telescopic device is located between each side beam, the walking device is located at the bottom of each side beam, and the universal structure device is located at the lower part of the top beam and the inner part of the side beam.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that each top beam and the corresponding two side beams are welded together to form the skeleton of the supporting device.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the top plate opening and closing device includes a top supporting plate, a top pin shaft, and a limit block. The top supporting plate is fixed to the side of the top beam through the top pin shaft, and the top supporting plates are connected through the top pin shaft. The top supporting plate is a rectangular thin steel plate, and the top pin shaft is a cylindrical pin shaft.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the limit blocks are welded on both sides of the top beam, and the limit blocks on both sides of the top beam are arranged in a staggered manner to prevent the limit blocks from blocking the closing effect when the top opening and closing device is closed.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the rib telescoping device is located on the outer side of the rib beam and includes a free connecting rod, a rib pin shaft, and a connecting rod pin shaft. A rectangular slot is provided on the rib beam. The free connecting rod is fixed in the rectangular slot on the rib beam through the rib pin shaft and can move up and down in the rectangular slot. The free connecting rods are connected through the connecting rod pin shaft.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the traveling device is located at the bottom of the rib beam and includes wheels, a wheel shaft, and a wheel frame. The wheel frame is welded to the bottom of the rib beam. The wheel shaft is located between two wheel frames, and a wheel is inserted in the middle.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the universal structure device is installed on the top beam and the rib beam of the first frame and includes a thick rod, a thin rod, a near beam end universal joint, and a far beam end universal joint. The thin rod is sleeved in the thick rod and can telescopically move in the thick rod but cannot be pulled out. One side of the near beam end universal joint is connected to the middle of the lower part of the top beam and the middle of the inner part of the rib beam through threads, and the other side is connected to the thick rod through threads. One side of the far beam end universal joint is connected to the roadheader through threads, and the other side is connected to the thin rod through threads.

[0015] The present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] A support device for end-side coal mining provided by the present invention is simple and convenient in design, has strong extensibility, can support over a long distance, and can be recycled and reused. By using this equipment, the roadway driving speed can be effectively increased, and the support cost can be reduced; after multiple groups are used, it can protect the roadheader and the belt conveyor during end-side driving and mining, avoid the damage of the equipment caused by the falling gangue from the roof and the roadway rib, and at the same time, it can be recycled and reused along with the withdrawal of the roadheader after the roadway driving is completed. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an obliquely forward view when multiple support devices for end-side coal mining are used continuously.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a support device for end-side coal mining.

[0019] Figure 3It is the front view of a support device for end-side coal mining.

[0020] Figure 4 It is the left view of a support device for end-side coal mining.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Roof beam; 2. Top opening and closing device; 3. Rib beam; 4. Rib telescopic device; 5. Traveling device; 6. Universal structure device; 7. Roadheader; 8. Belt conveyor; 2-1. Top support plate; 2-2. Top pin shaft; 2-3. Limit block; 3-1. Slot hole; 4-1. Free connecting rod; 4-2. Rib pin shaft; 4-3. Connecting rod pin shaft; 5-1. Wheel; 5-2. Wheel axle; 5-3. Wheel frame; 6-1. Near-beam-end universal joint; 6-2. Thick rod; 6-3. Thin rod; 6-4. Far-beam-end universal joint. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The following further describes the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Applied engineering geological conditions: It is applicable to geological structures with relatively shallow coal seam burial depths such as end sides. When in use, the driving distance is generally less than 100 m, and the coal seam dip angle is generally less than 5°. The cross-sectional height of the driven roadway is greater than the height of the support device by 200 mm, and the width is greater than the width of the support device by 200 mm.

[0025] As Figure 1 shown, it is the effect of continuous use of multiple groups of a support device for end-side coal mining provided by the present invention. The support device includes a roof beam 1, a top opening and closing device 2, a rib beam 3, a rib telescopic device 4, a traveling device 5 and a universal structure device 6. Among them, several roof beams 1 are evenly arranged in the horizontal direction, and a rib beam 3 is supported below each end of each roof beam 1. The top opening and closing device 2 is located between each adjacent two roof beams 1. The rib telescopic device 4 is located between each rib beam 3 and the rib beam 3. The traveling device 5 is located at the bottom of each rib beam 3. The universal structure device 6 is located at the lower part of the roof beam 1 and the inner part of the rib beam 3. When in use, multiple units need to be continuously installed. The roof beam 1 and the top opening and closing device 2 can prevent the gangue falling from the roof from hitting the roadheader 7 and the belt conveyor 8, so as to protect the electrical components of the roadheader 7 and the belt conveyor 8 and enable the roadheader 7 and the belt conveyor 8 to operate normally. The rib beam 3 and the rib telescopic device 4 can prevent the larger rib coal blocks from damaging the roadheader 7 and the belt conveyor 8.

[0026] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, it is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a set of support devices closest to the front of the roadheader 7. A universal structure device 6 is installed on the front roof beam 1 and side beam 3 of the frontmost set, and no other sets of support devices are installed. The roof opening and closing device 2 includes a top support plate 7, a top pin 2-2, and a limit block 2-3. When the support device is not extended, the top opening and closing device 2 is in a closed state, and the two top support plates 2-1 are above the roof beam 1 and closed together. When the support device is extended, the two top support plates 2-1 rotate downward as the top pin 2-2 rotates. When the two top support plates 2-1 reach the same level, due to the limiting effect of the limit block 2-3, the top support plates 2-1 cannot rotate downward any further and are thus at the same level as the roof beam 1. When multiple sets are used continuously, a plane is formed at the top of multiple sets of support devices, providing a stable protective effect on the roadheader 7 and belt conveyor 8 below the support devices.

[0027] As Figure 3 shown in the figure, the universal structure device 6 includes a near-beam-end universal joint 6-1, a thick rod 6-2, a thin rod 6-3, and a far-beam-end universal joint 6-4. The near-beam-end universal joint 6-1 is installed on the roof beam 1 and side beam 3 by threads, and the far-beam-end universal joint 6-4 is installed on the roadheader 7 by threads. The support device is dragged forward synchronously by the movement of the roadheader 7 and retreats synchronously with the retreat of the roadheader 7.

[0028] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, the side telescopic device 4 has a set on each of the upper and lower parts of the side beam 3, including a free connecting rod 4-1, a side pin 4-2, and a connecting rod pin 4-3. A rectangular slot 3-1 is left on the side beam 3. The free connecting rod 4-1 is fixed in the rectangular slot 3-1 on the side beam 3 through the side pin 4-2 and can move up and down in the rectangular slot 3-1. The free connecting rods 4-1 are connected through the connecting rod pin 4-3. When the support device expands and contracts, the free connecting rod 4-1 realizes the expansion and contraction of the side beam 3 by rotating around the side pin 4-2 and the connecting rod pin 4-3. The traveling device 5 includes wheels 5-1, wheel axles 5-2, and wheel frames 5-3. When the roadheader 7 drags multiple sets of support devices forward, the traveling device 5 can make the multiple sets of support devices move more easily and labor-savingly.

[0029] To further understand the present invention, the working process will be further described below.

[0030] 1) When opening a roadway, first install the universal structure device 6 of the first frame of the support device on the roadheader 7. The installation position of the universal structure device 6 should avoid the cutting operation range of the roadheader 7. Then, connect multiple sets of support devices in sequence and make the length of the support device exceed the length of the roadheader.

[0031] 2) After the roadway is opened, as the roadheader 7 advances forward, the support device gradually extends and supports the roadway.

[0032] The roadheader 7 continues to advance forward, and multiple groups of support devices are continuously connected at the roadway entrance. The top opening and closing device 2 and the side telescopic device 4 are both connected by pin shafts, facilitating quick connection.

[0033] 3) After coal cutting is completed, the roadheader 7 starts to retreat towards the roadway entrance. Driven by the universal structure device 6, the support device gradually withdraws as the roadheader 7 withdraws.

[0034] 4) Every 5 groups of support devices at the roadway entrance are disassembled once. The telescopic function of the support device facilitates storage and loading during transportation.

[0035] The present invention can be used for the support and protection functions during the driving of the end-side roadway. It has strong flexibility, can be recycled repeatedly, and is easy to disassemble, greatly shortening the roadway support time, improving the driving efficiency, reducing the driving cost, and enhancing the economy and applicability of end-side coal mining.

Claims

1. A support device for end - side coal mining, characterized in that, the support device includes a roof beam (1), a top opening - closing device (2), a rib beam (3), a rib telescopic device (4), a traveling device (5) and a universal structure device (6); wherein, a plurality of roof beams (1) are uniformly arranged in the horizontal direction, and a rib beam (3) is supported below each end of each roof beam (1). The top opening - closing device (2) is located between each adjacent two roof beams (1), the rib telescopic device (4) is located between each rib beam (3) and the rib beam (3), the traveling device (5) is located at the bottom of each rib beam (3), and the universal structure device (6) is located at the lower part of the roof beam (1) and the inner part of the rib beam (3); Each roof beam (1) is welded to the corresponding two rib beams (3) to form the framework of the support device; The universal structure device (6) is installed on the roof beam (1) and the rib beam (3) of the first frame, and includes a thick rod (6 - 2), a thin rod (6 - 3), a near - beam - end universal joint (6 - 1) and a far - beam - end universal joint (6 - 4). The thin rod (6 - 3) is sleeved in the thick rod (6 - 2) and can telescopically move in the thick rod (6 - 2) but cannot be pulled out. One side of the near - beam - end universal joint (6 - 1) is connected to the middle of the lower part of the roof beam (1) and the middle of the inner part of the rib beam (3) by threads, and the other side is connected to the thick rod (6 - 2) by threads. One side of the far - beam - end universal joint (6 - 4) is connected to the roadheader (7) by threads, and the other side is connected to the thin rod (6 - 3) by threads.

2. The support device for end - side coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top opening - closing device (2) includes a top support plate (2 - 1), a top pin shaft (2 - 2) and a limit block (2 - 3). The top support plate (2 - 1) is fixed to the side of the roof beam (1) through the top pin shaft (2 - 2). The top support plates (2 - 1) are connected through the top pin shaft (2 - 2). The top support plate (2 - 1) is a rectangular thin steel plate, and the top pin shaft (2 - 2) is a cylindrical pin shaft.

3. The support device for end - side coal mining according to claim 2, characterized in that, the limit blocks (2 - 3) are welded on both sides of the roof beam (1), and the limit blocks (2 - 3) on both sides of the roof beam (1) are arranged in a staggered manner to prevent the limit blocks (2 - 3) from blocking the closing effect when the top opening - closing device (2) is closed.

4. The support device for end - side coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, the rib telescopic device (4) is located on the outer side of the rib beam (3), and includes a free connecting rod (4 - 1), a rib pin shaft (4 - 2) and a connecting - rod pin shaft (4 - 3). A rectangular slot hole (3 - 1) is left on the rib beam (3). The free connecting rod (4 - 1) is fixed in the rectangular slot hole (3 - 1) on the rib beam (3) through the rib pin shaft (4 - 2) and can move up and down in the rectangular slot hole (3 - 1). The free connecting rods (4 - 1) are connected through the connecting - rod pin shaft (4 - 3).

5. The support device for end - side coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traveling device (5) is located at the bottom of the side beam (3), and includes wheels (5-1), axles (5-2) and wheel brackets (5-3). The wheel brackets (5-3) are welded to the bottom of the side beam (3), the axles (5-2) are located between two wheel brackets (5-3), and the wheels (5-1) are inserted through the middle.

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