Ammonia electrolysis device and method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention provides an ammonia electrolysis device and a method for using the same. The device includes an electrolytic cell body, a liquid inlet unit and a liquid outlet unit. The electrolytic cell body is longitudinally provided with cathode plates and anode plates arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The liquid inlet unit includes a closed shunt bin, a shunt conduit and a guide half-trough. The closed shunt bin is located at the upper part of the liquid inlet end. The shunt conduit includes a vertical pipe part and a horizontal pipe part. The guide half-trough is arranged below the horizontal pipe part. The liquid outlet unit includes an overflow buffer tank located at the upper part of the liquid outlet end and provided with an overflow outlet. The present invention can effectively achieve fixed-point mixing of the electrolyte through the arrangement of the liquid inlet unit structure, which helps to eliminate electrolyte concentration polarization and achieve dense and flat electrolysis products. The design of the liquid outlet unit helps to stabilize the electrolyte in and out, thereby effectively controlling the liquid level, while achieving organized emission of aerosols and optimizing the sanitation of the electrolysis environment. It is an effective improvement to the ammonia electrolysis device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrometallurgy and relates to an ammonia electrolysis device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy and society, metal materials, as an important type of material, are widely used in various fields of modern society. Electrolysis technology is one of the important methods for producing various metal elements, especially transition metal elements. The traditional electrolysis method mainly adopts acid electrolysis, and the structure and material selection of the corresponding electrolysis device are mainly suitable for this condition. With the continuous development of electrolysis technology, alkaline electrolysis has also emerged. Among them, ammonia electrolysis is one of the electrolysis methods currently under research, which has its unique advantages.

[0003] Ammonia electrolysis of zinc is an important method for the production of metallic zinc. It has the advantages of good material adaptability, low raw material price, simple process flow and low cost. It is particularly suitable for systems with secondary zinc-containing materials, such as zinc-containing arc furnace dust as raw materials. However, there are also problems such as low zinc concentration in the electrolyte, strong chlorine corrosion, and large amount of aerosol. At present, the ammonia electrolysis setting mainly uses the original acid electrolysis equipment, and its structure or specifications are difficult to adapt to the characteristics of ammonia electrolysis, resulting in low production capacity. Therefore, targeted design or improvement is needed to make it better suitable for the application of ammonia electrolysis.

[0004] CN 109440129A discloses a corrosion-resistant electrolytic cell for industrial production, comprising a cell body, on which an inner anti-corrosion layer, a reinforcement layer, an alloy layer, an overflow pipe, a horizontal pipe, a bend pipe, a connecting pipe, a mud suction pipe and a mud pump are arranged. The cell body is provided with an inner anti-corrosion layer, a reinforcement layer and an alloy layer from the inside to the outside, the overflow pipe is located on the left side of the cell body, and the horizontal pipe, the mud suction pipe and the mud pump are mainly arranged to suck out the waste residue generated during the electrolysis process. The electrolytic cell does not make any improvement on how to achieve sufficient mixing of the electrolyte to eliminate concentration polarization, nor does it explain how to solve the aerosol corrosion problem caused by the solution of ammonia electrolysis.

[0005] CN 205773538U discloses a micro-electrolysis device, including a box, a water collection area is provided on the upper part of the box, a micro-electrolysis filler area is provided in the middle part, a water distribution area is provided at the bottom, a composite support layer is provided at the bottom of the micro-electrolysis filler area, a water outlet is provided on the side wall of the water collection area, a water collection device is provided on one side of the water collection area, the water collection device includes a pH automatic adjustment tank, an overflow device in the water inlet area and an air inlet pipe, a water inlet is provided on the side wall of the water collection device, the overflow device in the water inlet area and the water distribution area are connected through a guide pipe, and an air release device is provided in the water distribution area. The device is mainly suitable for micro-electrolysis systems, suitable for the treatment of small batches of electrolytes, and is not suitable for the treatment of large batches of electrolytes that are corrosive and prone to aerosol, and the electrolysis filler is different from the electrolysis method using cathode and anode plates.

[0006] In summary, for the treatment of corrosive ammonia electrolytic solutions, it is necessary to improve the electrolysis device, select appropriate structural composition and component configuration, and avoid the influence of electrolyte concentration polarization to ensure the safety of the electrolysis process. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ammonia electrolysis device and a method of using the same. The device improves the existing electrolysis device according to the characteristics of ammonia electrolysis, and through the structural design of the liquid inlet unit and the liquid outlet unit, the electrolyte is fully mixed during the electrolysis process, the electrolysis process is maintained stable, and the quality of the obtained product is improved.

[0008] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In one aspect, the present invention provides an ammonia electrolysis device, the device comprising an electrolytic cell body, a liquid inlet unit and a liquid outlet unit, wherein the liquid inlet unit and the liquid outlet unit are located at corresponding ends of the electrolytic cell body;

[0010] A cathode plate and an anode plate are longitudinally arranged in the electrolytic cell body, and the cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged in parallel and alternately; the liquid inlet unit includes a closed shunt bin, a shunt conduit and a guide half-trough, the closed shunt bin is located at the upper part of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body, the shunt conduit includes a vertical pipe part and a horizontal pipe part, forming an L-shaped structure, the vertical pipe part of the shunt conduit is led out from the closed shunt bin, and the guide half-trough is arranged below the horizontal pipe part of the shunt conduit; the liquid outlet unit includes an overflow buffer tank, the overflow buffer tank is located at the upper part of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body, and an overflow outlet is provided on the overflow buffer tank.

[0011] In the present invention, a liquid inlet unit and a liquid outlet unit are arranged in the electrolytic cell body. The flow rate of the liquid inlet can be controlled by arranging a closed shunt chamber and a shunt conduit in the liquid inlet unit, and the arrangement of the vertical pipe, the horizontal pipe part and the guide half tank in the shunt conduit can accelerate the fixed-point mixing of the electrolyte, reduce the concentration polarization of the electrode interface, and realize uniform and stable electrolysis; the arrangement of the overflow buffer tank in the liquid outlet unit can effectively control the liquid level, avoid shortening the electrode life due to waterline corrosion, and avoid the problem of uneven thickness and poor quality of the electrolysis product due to changes in electrolyte concentration; the design of the above-mentioned electrolysis device can be effectively applied to the ammonia electrolysis process, with high electrolysis efficiency and good product quality.

[0012] The following are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but are not intended to be limitations of the technical solutions provided by the present invention. Through the following technical solutions, the technical objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention can be better achieved and realized.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the electrolytic cell body is a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0014] Preferably, the cathode plate and the anode plate are parallel to two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body and perpendicular to the other two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body.

[0015] Preferably, the edges of the cathode plate and the anode plate do not contact the inner wall of the electrolytic cell body.

[0016] In the present invention, according to the design of the size of the electrolytic cell, it is related to factors such as the number of pole plates, the distance between the pole plates and the edge of the cell wall, and the spacing between the pole plates. According to the characteristics of the ammonia electrolytic solution and the improvement of the existing electrolysis device, in the electrolytic cell of the present invention, the distance from the liquid surface to the cell edge can be selected as 100-200 mm, such as 100 mm, 120 mm, 140 mm, 160 mm, 180 mm or 200 mm, etc., the distance from the pole plate to the cell wall perpendicular thereto is 80-120 mm, such as 80 mm, 90 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm or 120 mm, etc., and the distance from the edgemost pole plate to the cell wall parallel thereto is 110-180 mm, such as 110 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm, 150 mm, 160 mm or 180 mm, etc.

[0017] Preferably, the center distance between the cathode plate and the anode plate is 60 to 120 mm, for example, 60 mm, 70 mm, 80 mm, 90 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm or 120 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0018] In the present invention, the same-pole center distance is the distance between adjacent cathodes or adjacent anodes. By controlling the same-pole center distance, the liquid phase mass transfer can be effectively controlled to better adapt to the characteristics of ammonium complex electrolysis, so as to obtain a dense and flat metal sheet and avoid interference from local dendrite formation.

[0019] In the present invention, the required size of the electrolytic cell can be obtained according to the size of the above parameters and the number of cathode and anode plates.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the upper end of the closed diversion chamber is connected to a liquid inlet pipe, and the lower end is connected to at least two diversion conduits. The number of diversion conduits is selected depending on factors such as the electrolytic cell body, the width of the closed diversion chamber, and the diameter of the diversion conduits.

[0021] Preferably, the closed diversion chamber is arranged on the inner side of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell, with the upper end not higher than the edge of the electrolytic cell and the lower end not lower than the liquid level of the electrolyte.

[0022] Preferably, the width of the closed diversion chamber is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the side width of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body, for example, 1 / 3, 2 / 5, 9 / 20, 1 / 2, 11 / 20, 3 / 5 or 2 / 3, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this numerical range are also applicable.

[0023] In the present invention, the liquid inlet mode of the closed shunt chamber is pressurized liquid inlet, so that the flow rate of the electrolyte in the shunt conduit can be adjusted.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the upper end of the vertical pipe part of the diversion conduit is connected to the lower end of the closed diversion chamber, and the lower end of the vertical pipe part is connected to the flat pipe part through an elbow.

[0025] In the present invention, since the vertical pipe part is perpendicular to the horizontal pipe part, the elbow is generally a 90-degree elbow.

[0026] Preferably, the flat tube portion of the diversion conduit is fixed to the bottom of the diversion half-trough.

[0027] Preferably, the length of the flat tube portion of the diversion duct is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the length of the electrolytic cell body, such as 1 / 3, 7 / 20, 2 / 5, 9 / 20 or 1 / 2, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this numerical range are also applicable.

[0028] In the present invention, the length of the flat tube portion of the diversion conduit is shorter than the length of the diversion half-trough. After the electrolyte flows out of the flat tube portion, the subsequent diversion half-trough portion plays the role of stirring and mixing the liquid and self-propelling the liquid. Through this liquid feeding method, a more complete mixing of the new and old liquids in the tank can be achieved.

[0029] Preferably, the flat tube portion of the diversion conduit is evenly provided with jet holes, and the jet holes are vertically opened upward.

[0030] In the present invention, a row of open circular holes are evenly distributed on the upper part of the flat tube part of the shunt conduit, and the diameter of the circular holes can be selected to be 5 to 10 mm, for example, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm or 10 mm. Through the arrangement of the jet holes, the flow velocity of the liquid in the tube is greater than the flow velocity of the liquid in the tank when it flows out, and the jet suction effect is generated, causing mixing and accelerating the flow of the liquid between the plates. The liquid guided out of the flat tube part flows along the guide half tank under the wall attachment effect and quickly mixes with the liquid in the tank, shortening the mixing and circulation distance and reducing the concentration polarization of the electrode interface.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the guide half groove is an open semicircular tube, and the diameter of the guide half groove is 1.5 to 3.5 times the diameter of the shunt catheter, for example, 1.5 times, 2 times, 2.5 times, 3 times or 3.5 times, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0032] Preferably, the length of the guide half tank extends from the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body to the position of the end plate.

[0033] Preferably, a gap is left between the bottom of the guide half tank and the bottom of the electrolytic tank body.

[0034] In the present invention, the diameter of the guide half-trough is larger than that of the shunt conduit, so the flat tube in the shunt conduit is fixed at the bottom of the guide half-trough; the installation position of the guide half-trough is a certain distance from the bottom of the trough, such as 80-120 mm, so as to avoid the stirring of the bottom during the mixing process as much as possible, which is conducive to the precipitation of sediments, improves the quality of the solution, and prolongs the cleaning cycle; at the same time, the guide half-trough also needs to be a certain distance from the bottom of the electrode plate, such as 350-400 mm, to avoid the disturbance of the liquid sprayed from the jet hole during mixing affecting the electrolytic deposition at the electrode plate.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the overflow buffer tank is arranged on the inner side of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell, and the upper end is flush with the electrolyte surface.

[0036] Preferably, the overflow buffer tank is open at the top and closed at the bottom.

[0037] Preferably, a height-adjusting gate is provided at the upper portion of the overflow buffer tank, which mainly adjusts the amount of liquid entering the overflow buffer tank, thereby adjusting the liquid level height and electrolyte flow rate of the electrolytic cell.

[0038] Preferably, the width of the overflow buffer tank is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the width of the side surface of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body, for example, 1 / 3, 2 / 5, 9 / 20, 1 / 2, 11 / 20, 3 / 5 or 2 / 3, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this numerical range are also applicable.

[0039] Preferably, one side of the overflow buffer tank coincides with the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body and is provided with an overflow outlet.

[0040] In the present invention, the overflow buffer tank can play a good buffering role on the outflow of electrolyte, thereby preventing electrolytic sediments from flowing out directly from the outlet, and the setting of the height adjustment gate can flexibly adjust the liquid level in the electrolytic tank as needed to avoid corrosion of the electrode plate connecting wire.

[0041] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the overflow outlet is not less than the total cross-sectional area of ​​the diversion conduit.

[0042] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a mist collection hole is provided on the side surface of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body, which is higher than the electrolyte level.

[0043] Preferably, an aerosol collection and processing device is connected to the outer side of the aerosol collection hole.

[0044] In the present invention, in view of the characteristics of ammonia electrolyte, for the aerosol that may be generated during the electrolysis process, the distance from the electrolyte surface to the top of the electrolytic cell is increased, preferably 120 to 180 mm, such as 120 mm, 130 mm, 140 mm, 150 mm, 160 mm, 170 mm or 180 mm, etc., so as to increase the diffusion space, buffer and dilute the electrolytic aerosol, and then extract it from the aerosol collection hole through negative pressure for centralized treatment.

[0045] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned ammonia electrolysis device, which includes: adding the electrolyte to be treated into the electrolytic cell body through the liquid inlet unit, starting electrolysis after the required liquid level is reached, continuously adding electrolyte during the electrolysis process, achieving rapid mixing of the electrolyte through the diversion conduit and the guide half tank, and after the liquid level exceeds the overflow buffer tank, leaving from the overflow outlet after being buffered by the overflow buffer tank, so as to maintain the continuous electrolysis process.

[0046] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the electrolyte includes an ammonium salt solution of a transition metal, preferably an ammonia zinc electrolytic solution.

[0047] Preferably, the liquid pressure in the shunt conduit during the electrolyte addition process is 0.3 to 1 MPa, for example, 0.3 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.6 MPa, 0.7 MPa, 0.8 MPa or 1 MPa, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable, preferably 0.3 to 0.6 MPa.

[0048] Preferably, the current density during the electrolysis process is 200-600 A / m 2 , for example 200A / m 2 , 250A / m 2 、300A / m 2 、350A / m 2 , 400A / m 2 , 450A / m 2 , 500A / m 2 、550A / m 2 or 600A / m 2 The above range is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the above range are also applicable.

[0049] Preferably, the electrolysis cycle in the electrolysis process is 24 to 36 hours, for example 24 hours, 26 hours, 28 hours, 30 hours, 32 hours, 34 hours or 36 hours, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0050] In the present invention, the design of the electrolytic cell structure and size, and the selection of the ammonia electrolysis method require corresponding appropriate electrolysis process parameters to solve the problem of maximizing the production capacity per unit time.

[0051] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, corrosive aerosol is generated during the electrolysis process.

[0052] Preferably, the corrosive mist is extracted by negative pressure through a mist collection hole provided at the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body and then processed.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] (1) The electrolysis device of the present invention can effectively achieve fixed-point mixing of electrolyte by setting up a closed shunt chamber, a shunt conduit and a guide half-trough in the liquid inlet unit. At the same time, the wall adhesion effect and the ejection and absorption effect of the pressurized liquid flow are used to form an active liquid circulation and mixing system, which helps to eliminate electrolyte concentration polarization and achieve dense and smooth electrolysis products.

[0055] (2) The design of the liquid outlet unit in the electrolysis device of the present invention is conducive to the stable inflow and outflow of the electrolyte, thereby effectively controlling the liquid level and avoiding shortening the electrode life due to waterline corrosion. At the same time, it can realize the organized discharge of aerosol and optimize the electrolysis environment sanitation;

[0056] (3) The device structure of the present invention is reasonable and particularly suitable for the ammonia electrolysis process, which is an effective improvement on the ammonia electrolysis device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the ammonia electrolysis device according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the front end side structure of the ammonia electrolysis device according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rear end side structure of the ammonia electrolysis device according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Among them, 1-electrolytic cell body, 2-sealed diversion chamber, 31-vertical pipe part, 32-horizontal pipe part, 4-diversion half tank, 5-overflow buffer tank, 6-overflow outlet, 7-aerosol collection hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following embodiments are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0062] The specific implementation of the present invention provides an ammonia electrolysis device and a method for using the same, wherein the device comprises an electrolytic cell body 1, a liquid inlet unit and a liquid outlet unit, wherein the liquid inlet unit and the liquid outlet unit are located at corresponding ends of the electrolytic cell body 1;

[0063] A cathode plate and an anode plate are longitudinally arranged in the electrolytic cell body 1, and the cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged in parallel and alternately; the liquid inlet unit includes a closed shunt chamber 2, a shunt conduit and a guide half-trough 4, the closed shunt chamber 2 is located at the upper part of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, the shunt conduit includes a vertical pipe part 31 and a horizontal pipe part 32, forming an L-shaped structure, the vertical pipe part 31 of the shunt conduit is led out from the closed shunt chamber 1, and the guide half-trough 4 is arranged below the horizontal pipe part 32 of the shunt conduit; the liquid outlet unit includes an overflow buffer tank 5, the overflow buffer tank 5 is located at the upper part of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, and the overflow buffer tank 5 is provided with an overflow outlet 6.

[0064] The following are typical but non-limiting embodiments of the present invention:

[0065] Embodiment 1:

[0066] This embodiment provides an ammonia electrolysis device, and the front structural diagram of the device is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the front side structure diagram is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the rear end side structure diagram is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the device comprises an electrolytic cell body 1, a liquid inlet unit and a liquid outlet unit, wherein the liquid inlet unit and the liquid outlet unit are located at corresponding ends of the electrolytic cell body 1;

[0067] A cathode plate and an anode plate are longitudinally arranged in the electrolytic cell body 1, and the cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged in parallel and alternately; the liquid inlet unit includes a closed shunt chamber 2, a shunt conduit and a guide half-trough 4, the closed shunt chamber 2 is located at the upper part of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, the shunt conduit includes a vertical pipe part 31 and a horizontal pipe part 32, forming an L-shaped structure, the vertical pipe part 31 of the shunt conduit is led out from the closed shunt chamber 1, and the guide half-trough 4 is arranged below the horizontal pipe part 32 of the shunt conduit; the liquid outlet unit includes an overflow buffer tank 5, the overflow buffer tank 5 is located at the upper part of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, and the overflow buffer tank 5 is provided with an overflow outlet 6.

[0068] The electrolytic cell body 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the cathode plate and the anode plate are parallel to two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body 1 and perpendicular to the other two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body 1; the edges of the cathode plate and the anode plate do not contact the inner wall of the electrolytic cell body 1; the distance from the electrode plate to the cell wall perpendicular to it is 100 mm, the distance from the edgemost electrode plate to the cell wall parallel to it is 150 mm, and the center distance between the cathode plate and the anode plate is 90 mm.

[0069] The upper end of the closed diversion chamber 2 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe, and the lower end is connected to two diversion ducts; the closed diversion chamber 2 is arranged on the inner side of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell, with the upper end not higher than the edge of the electrolytic cell and the lower end not lower than the liquid level of the electrolyte; the width of the closed diversion chamber 2 is 1 / 2 of the side width of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1.

[0070] The upper end of the vertical pipe part 31 of the shunt duct is connected to the lower end of the closed shunt chamber 2, and the lower end of the vertical pipe part 31 is connected to the flat pipe part 32 through an elbow; the flat pipe part 32 of the shunt duct is fixed to the bottom of the guide half tank 4; the length of the flat pipe part 32 of the shunt duct is 2 / 5 of the length of the electrolytic cell body 1; the upper part of the flat pipe part 32 of the shunt duct is evenly provided with jet holes, the jet holes are opened vertically upward, and the diameter of a single jet hole is 8 mm.

[0071] The guide half groove 4 is an open semicircular tube, and the diameter of the guide half groove 4 is 2.5 times the diameter of the shunt conduit; the length of the guide half groove 4 extends from the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1 to the position of the end electrode plate; there is a gap between the bottom of the guide half groove 4 and the bottom of the electrolytic cell body 1, and the distance is 100mm; the guide half groove 4 is located below the electrode plate, and the distance from the bottom of the electrode plate is 380mm.

[0072] The overflow buffer tank 5 is arranged on the inner side of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell, and the upper end is flush with the electrolyte surface; the upper part of the overflow buffer tank 5 is open, and the lower part is closed; a height adjustment gate is provided on the upper part of the overflow buffer tank 5; the width of the overflow buffer tank 5 is 1 / 2 of the side width of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1; one side of the overflow buffer tank 5 coincides with the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, and an overflow outlet 6 is provided; the cross-sectional area of ​​the overflow outlet 6 is equal to the total cross-sectional area of ​​the diversion conduit.

[0073] An aerosol collecting hole 7 is provided on the side surface of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1 which is higher than the electrolyte level. The distance from the electrolyte level to the top of the electrolytic cell is 150 mm. An aerosol collecting and processing device is connected to the outer side of the aerosol collecting hole 7.

[0074] Embodiment 2:

[0075] This embodiment provides an ammonia electrolysis device, which includes an electrolytic cell body 1, a liquid inlet unit and a liquid outlet unit, wherein the liquid inlet unit and the liquid outlet unit are located at corresponding ends of the electrolytic cell body 1;

[0076] A cathode plate and an anode plate are longitudinally arranged in the electrolytic cell body 1, and the cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged in parallel and alternately; the liquid inlet unit includes a closed shunt chamber 2, a shunt conduit and a guide half-trough 4, the closed shunt chamber 2 is located at the upper part of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, the shunt conduit includes a vertical pipe part 31 and a horizontal pipe part 32, forming an L-shaped structure, the vertical pipe part 31 of the shunt conduit is led out from the closed shunt chamber 1, and the guide half-trough 4 is arranged below the horizontal pipe part 32 of the shunt conduit; the liquid outlet unit includes an overflow buffer tank 5, the overflow buffer tank 5 is located at the upper part of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, and the overflow buffer tank 5 is provided with an overflow outlet 6.

[0077] The electrolytic cell body 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the cathode plate and the anode plate are parallel to two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body 1 and perpendicular to the other two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body 1; the edges of the cathode plate and the anode plate do not contact the inner wall of the electrolytic cell body 1; the distance from the electrode plate to the cell wall perpendicular to it is 80 mm, the distance from the edgemost electrode plate to the cell wall parallel to it is 110 mm, and the center distance between the cathode plate and the anode plate is 60 mm.

[0078] The upper end of the closed diversion chamber 2 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe, and the lower end is connected to three diversion ducts; the closed diversion chamber 2 is arranged on the inner side of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell, with the upper end not higher than the edge of the electrolytic cell and the lower end not lower than the liquid level of the electrolyte; the width of the closed diversion chamber 2 is 2 / 3 of the side width of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1.

[0079] The upper end of the vertical pipe part 31 of the shunt duct is connected to the lower end of the closed shunt chamber 2, and the lower end of the vertical pipe part 31 is connected to the flat pipe part 32 through an elbow; the flat pipe part 32 of the shunt duct is fixed to the bottom of the guide half tank 4; the length of the flat pipe part 32 of the shunt duct is 1 / 3 of the length of the electrolytic cell body 1; the upper part of the flat pipe part 32 of the shunt duct is evenly provided with jet holes, the jet holes are opened vertically upward, and the diameter of a single jet hole is 5 mm.

[0080] The guide half groove 4 is an open semicircular tube, and the diameter of the guide half groove 4 is 1.5 times the diameter of the shunt conduit; the length of the guide half groove 4 extends from the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1 to the position of the end electrode plate; there is a gap between the bottom of the guide half groove 4 and the bottom of the electrolytic cell body 1, and the distance is 80mm; the guide half groove 4 is located below the electrode plate, and the distance from the bottom of the electrode plate is 350mm.

[0081] The overflow buffer tank 5 is arranged on the inner side of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell, and the upper end is flush with the electrolyte surface; the upper part of the overflow buffer tank 5 is open, and the lower part is closed; a height adjustment gate is provided on the upper part of the overflow buffer tank 5; the width of the overflow buffer tank 5 is 2 / 3 of the side width of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1; one side of the overflow buffer tank 5 coincides with the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, and an overflow outlet 6 is provided; the cross-sectional area of ​​the overflow outlet 6 is 1.1 times the total cross-sectional area of ​​the diversion conduit.

[0082] An aerosol collecting hole 7 is provided on the side surface of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1 above the electrolyte level; the distance from the electrolyte level to the top of the electrolytic cell is 120 mm, and an aerosol collecting and processing device is connected to the outside of the aerosol collecting hole 7.

[0083] Embodiment 3:

[0084] This embodiment provides an ammonia electrolysis device, which includes an electrolytic cell body 1, a liquid inlet unit and a liquid outlet unit, wherein the liquid inlet unit and the liquid outlet unit are located at corresponding ends of the electrolytic cell body 1;

[0085] A cathode plate and an anode plate are longitudinally arranged in the electrolytic cell body 1, and the cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged in parallel and alternately; the liquid inlet unit includes a closed shunt chamber 2, a shunt conduit and a guide half-trough 4, the closed shunt chamber 2 is located at the upper part of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, the shunt conduit includes a vertical pipe part 31 and a horizontal pipe part 32, forming an L-shaped structure, the vertical pipe part 31 of the shunt conduit is led out from the closed shunt chamber 1, and the guide half-trough 4 is arranged below the horizontal pipe part 32 of the shunt conduit; the liquid outlet unit includes an overflow buffer tank 5, the overflow buffer tank 5 is located at the upper part of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, and the overflow buffer tank 5 is provided with an overflow outlet 6.

[0086] The electrolytic cell body 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the cathode plate and the anode plate are parallel to two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body 1 and perpendicular to the other two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body 1; the edges of the cathode plate and the anode plate do not contact the inner wall of the electrolytic cell body 1; the distance from the electrode plate to the cell wall perpendicular to it is 120 mm, the distance from the edgemost electrode plate to the cell wall parallel to it is 180 mm, and the center distance between the cathode plate and the anode plate is 120 mm.

[0087] The upper end of the closed diversion chamber 2 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe, and the lower end is connected to two diversion ducts; the closed diversion chamber 2 is arranged on the inner side of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell, with the upper end not higher than the edge of the electrolytic cell and the lower end not lower than the liquid level of the electrolyte; the width of the closed diversion chamber 2 is 1 / 3 of the side width of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1.

[0088] The upper end of the vertical pipe part 31 of the shunt duct is connected to the lower end of the closed shunt chamber 2, and the lower end of the vertical pipe part 31 is connected to the flat pipe part 32 through an elbow; the flat pipe part 32 of the shunt duct is fixed to the bottom of the guide half tank 4; the length of the flat pipe part 32 of the shunt duct is 1 / 2 of the length of the electrolytic cell body 1; the upper part of the flat pipe part 32 of the shunt duct is evenly provided with jet holes, the jet holes are opened vertically upward, and the diameter of a single jet hole is 10 mm.

[0089] The guide half groove 4 is an open semicircular tube, and the diameter of the guide half groove 4 is 3.5 times the diameter of the shunt conduit; the length of the guide half groove 4 extends from the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1 to the position of the end electrode plate; there is a gap between the bottom of the guide half groove 4 and the bottom of the electrolytic cell body 1, and the distance is 120mm; the guide half groove 4 is located below the electrode plate, and the distance from the bottom of the electrode plate is 400mm.

[0090] The overflow buffer tank 5 is arranged on the inner side of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell, and the upper end is flush with the electrolyte surface; the upper part of the overflow buffer tank 5 is open, and the lower part is closed; a height adjustment gate is provided on the upper part of the overflow buffer tank 5; the width of the overflow buffer tank 5 is 1 / 3 of the side width of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1; one side of the overflow buffer tank 5 coincides with the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1, and an overflow outlet 6 is provided; the cross-sectional area of ​​the overflow outlet 6 is 1.05 times the total cross-sectional area of ​​the diversion conduit.

[0091] An aerosol collecting hole 7 is provided on the side surface of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1 above the electrolyte level; the distance from the electrolyte level to the top of the electrolytic cell is 180 mm, and an aerosol collecting and processing device is connected to the outside of the aerosol collecting hole 7.

[0092] Embodiment 4:

[0093] This embodiment provides a method for using an ammonia electrolysis device, the method using the device in Embodiment 1, specifically comprising:

[0094] The ammonia zinc electrolyte is added into the electrolytic cell body 1 through the liquid inlet unit, and electrolysis is started after the required liquid level is reached. The electrolyte is continuously added during the electrolysis process, and the electrolyte is quickly mixed through the shunt conduit and the guide half tank 4. The pressure of the electrolyte in the shunt conduit is 0.8MPa. After the liquid level exceeds the overflow buffer tank 5, it leaves from the overflow outlet 6 after being buffered by the overflow buffer tank 5, and the electrolysis process is maintained continuously. The current density during the electrolysis process is 250A / m 2 The electrolysis cycle is 36 hours; the corrosive mist generated during the electrolysis process is extracted by negative pressure through the mist collection hole 7 set at the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1 and then processed.

[0095] Embodiment 5:

[0096] This embodiment provides a method for using an ammonia electrolysis device, the method using the device in Embodiment 2, specifically comprising:

[0097] The ammonia lead electrolyte is added into the electrolytic cell body 1 through the liquid inlet unit, and electrolysis is started after the required liquid level is reached. The electrolyte is continuously added during the electrolysis process, and the electrolyte is quickly mixed through the shunt conduit and the guide half tank 4. The pressure of the electrolyte in the shunt conduit is 0.3MPa. After the liquid level exceeds the overflow buffer tank 5, it leaves from the overflow outlet 6 after being buffered by the overflow buffer tank 5, and the electrolysis process is maintained continuously. The current density during the electrolysis process is 500A / m 2 The electrolysis cycle is 24 hours; the corrosive mist generated during the electrolysis process is extracted by negative pressure through the mist collection hole 7 set at the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body 1 and then processed.

[0098] Comparative Example 1:

[0099] This comparative example provides an ammonia electrolysis device, the structure of which refers to the structure of the device in Example 1, with the only difference being that the liquid inlet unit only includes a closed diversion chamber 1 and a vertical pipe portion 31 in the diversion conduit.

[0100] In this comparative example, since the liquid inlet unit is not provided with a flat pipe portion of the diversion duct and a guide half-trough, after the electrolyte enters, the mixing rate with the original electrolyte is slow, resulting in uneven electrolyte concentration and concentration polarization, which affects the density and flatness of the electrolysis product.

[0101] Comparative Example 2:

[0102] This comparative example provides an ammonia electrolysis device, the structure of which refers to the structure of the device in Example 1, with the only difference being that the liquid outlet unit is only provided with an overflow outlet 6 and no overflow buffer tank 5 is provided.

[0103] In this comparative example, since no overflow buffer tank is provided in the electrolysis device, once the liquid level reaches the overflow outlet, the electrolyte will flow out directly, affecting the stability of the electrolyte near the liquid outlet. The liquid level height is difficult to adjust and may cause sediment to flow out directly.

[0104] From the above embodiments and comparative examples, it can be seen that the electrolysis device of the present invention can effectively achieve fixed-point mixing of the electrolyte by setting up the closed shunt bin, shunt conduit and guide half-trough in the liquid inlet unit, and at the same time utilize the wall attachment effect and injection and suction effect of the pressurized liquid flow to form an active liquid circulation and mixing system, which is helpful to eliminate the concentration polarization of the electrolyte and achieve dense and smooth electrolysis products; the design of the liquid outlet unit in the electrolysis device is conducive to the stable entry and exit of the electrolyte, thereby effectively controlling the liquid level and avoiding shortening the electrode life due to waterline corrosion. At the same time, it can realize the organized emission of aerosol and optimize the electrolysis environment sanitation; the device structure is reasonably arranged, especially suitable for ammonia electrolysis process, and is an effective improvement to the ammonia electrolysis device.

[0105] The applicant declares that the present invention uses the above-mentioned embodiments to illustrate the detailed devices and methods of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned detailed devices and methods, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned detailed devices and methods to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the device of the present invention, addition of auxiliary devices, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia electrolysis device, characterized in that: The device comprises an electrolytic cell body, a liquid inlet unit and a liquid outlet unit, wherein the liquid inlet unit and the liquid outlet unit are located at two corresponding ends of the electrolytic cell body; A cathode plate and an anode plate are longitudinally arranged in the electrolytic cell body, and the cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged in parallel and alternately; the liquid inlet unit includes a closed shunt bin, a shunt conduit and a guide half-trough, the closed shunt bin is located at the upper part of the liquid inlet end in the electrolytic cell body, the shunt conduit includes a vertical pipe part and a horizontal pipe part, forming an L-shaped structure, the vertical pipe part of the shunt conduit is led out from the closed shunt bin, and the guide half-trough is arranged below the horizontal pipe part of the shunt conduit; the liquid outlet unit includes an overflow buffer tank, the overflow buffer tank is located at the upper part of the liquid outlet end in the electrolytic cell body, and an overflow outlet is arranged on the overflow buffer tank; The diversion half groove is an open semicircular tube, and the diameter of the diversion half groove is 1.5 to 3 times the diameter of the diversion conduit.

2. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell body is in a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

3. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode plate and the anode plate are parallel to two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body and perpendicular to the other two side surfaces of the electrolytic cell body.

4. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the cathode plate and the anode plate do not contact the inner wall of the electrolytic cell body.

5. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center distance between the cathode plate and the anode plate is 60-120 mm.

6. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the sealed shunt chamber is connected with a liquid inlet pipe, and the lower end is connected with at least two shunt conduits.

7. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed diversion chamber is arranged on the inner side of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell, with the upper end not higher than the edge of the electrolytic cell and the lower end not lower than the liquid level of the electrolyte.

8. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the closed diversion chamber is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the width of the side surface of the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body.

9. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the vertical pipe part of the diversion conduit is connected to the lower end of the closed diversion chamber, and the lower end of the vertical pipe part is connected to the flat pipe part through an elbow.

10. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat pipe part of the diversion conduit is fixed to the bottom of the diversion half groove.

11. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the flat tube portion of the diversion conduit is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the length of the electrolytic cell body.

12. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat tube portion of the diversion conduit is evenly provided with jet holes, and the jet holes are vertically upward.

13. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the guide half tank extends from the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic cell body to the position of the terminal plate.

14. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is left between the bottom of the guide half tank and the bottom of the electrolytic tank body.

15. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overflow buffer tank is arranged on the inner side of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell, and the upper end is flush with the electrolyte surface.

16. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overflow buffer tank is open at the top and closed at the bottom.

17. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A height-adjusting gate is provided on the upper portion of the overflow buffer tank.

18. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the overflow buffer tank is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the width of the side surface of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body.

19. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the overflow buffer tank overlaps with the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic tank body and is provided with an overflow outlet.

20. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the overflow outlet is not less than the total cross-sectional area of ​​the diversion conduit.

21. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mist collecting hole is arranged on the side surface of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body, the portion of the side surface higher than the electrolyte level.

22. The ammonia electrolysis device according to claim 21, characterized in that: The outer side of the aerosol collecting hole is connected with an aerosol collecting and processing device.

23. The method for using the ammonia electrolysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that: The method comprises: adding the electrolyte to be treated into the electrolytic cell body through a liquid inlet unit, starting electrolysis after reaching a desired liquid level, continuously adding electrolyte during the electrolysis process, achieving rapid mixing of the electrolyte through the functions of a shunt conduit and a diversion half-trough, and after the liquid level exceeds the overflow buffer tank, leaving from the overflow outlet after being buffered by the overflow buffer tank, so as to maintain the electrolysis process continuously.

24. The method of use according to claim 23, characterized in that: The electrolyte includes a solution of an ammonium salt of a transition metal.

25. The method of use according to claim 24, characterized in that: The electrolyte is an ammonia zinc electrolytic solution.

26. The method of use according to claim 23, characterized in that: During the electrolyte addition process, the liquid pressure in the shunt conduit is 0.3-1 MPa.

27. The method of use according to claim 26, characterized in that: During the electrolyte addition process, the liquid pressure in the shunt conduit is 0.3-0.6 MPa.

28. The method of use according to claim 23, characterized in that: The current density during the electrolysis process is 200-600A / m 2 .

29. The method of use according to claim 23, characterized in that: The electrolysis cycle in the electrolysis process is 24 to 36 hours.

30. The method of use according to claim 23, characterized in that: The electrolysis process generates corrosive mist.

31. The method of use according to claim 30, characterized in that: The corrosive mist is extracted under negative pressure through a mist collecting hole arranged at the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic cell body and then processed.

Images