Autoclave

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure kettle, which comprises: a kettle body, which has an inner cavity and is made of a titanium-steel explosion composite plate; a compartment plate, which is arranged in the inner cavity and divides the inner cavity into a plurality of compartments arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the kettle body, the lower edge of the compartment plate is provided with a flow hole for connecting adjacent compartments, and the upper edge of the compartment plate is separated from the top wall of the inner cavity to form an overflow channel; a plurality of stirring devices, the stirring device has a stirring blade, the stirring device is arranged on the kettle body and corresponds to the compartment, the stirring blade extends vertically downward into the corresponding compartment, and the wall surface of each compartment has a stirring area opposite to the stirring blade, wherein in the stirring area, a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate is provided on the wall surface of the compartment. The pressure kettle of the invention has improved wear resistance, short maintenance time and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a pressure autoclave. Background Art

[0002] The pressure autoclave is a common equipment used for hydrometallurgical pressure leaching of nickel laterite ore, etc. The reaction in the pressure autoclave is complex, with high pressure, high temperature and high acidity. The pressure autoclave in the related art has the following problems: it is easy to wear, which affects safety and use, and requires regular inspection and repair, which is costly. The scale in the pressure autoclave is serious, which requires regular maintenance. The reaction in the pressure autoclave is uneven and insufficient, resulting in low reaction efficiency and affecting the processing capacity. Summary of the invention

[0003] This application is based on the inventor's discovery and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0004] In the related art, the autoclave body of the pressure autoclave is usually made of a titanium-steel explosion composite plate. The titanium-steel explosion composite plate is formed by exploding a corrosion-resistant composite plate and a base steel plate together, thereby forming a corrosion-resistant composite layer on the inner surface of the base steel plate. The material of the composite layer is usually pure titanium and titanium palladium. However, in actual applications, the inventors found that in the pressure autoclave, the stirring area adjacent to the stirring blade of the stirring device, such as the area below the stirring blade, the inner surface of the autoclave body is more severely worn than other areas. As a result, the composite layer in the stirring area has a short service life, which affects the service life of the entire pressure autoclave. Once the composite layer in the stirring area is worn to a certain extent, it must be stopped for maintenance and repair, which not only affects the use efficiency, but also increases the cost. The related art mentions spraying a titanium dioxide coating on the composite layer. However, the inventors found that the titanium dioxide coating spraying process is complicated, it is easy to have corrosion spots during use, and the service life is short, and the above-mentioned problems still exist.

[0005] In addition, the compartment plate in the autoclave divides the inner cavity of the autoclave into multiple compartments, and the top of the compartment plate is separated from the inner top wall of the autoclave to form an overflow channel, so that the material added to one compartment can flow into other compartments in sequence through the overflow channel. A flow hole connecting adjacent compartments is provided at the bottom of the compartment plate. The inventors found that the composite layer under the flow hole wears more seriously than other areas, thereby shortening the service life and increasing maintenance work and costs. In addition, the inventors found that in the autoclave in the related art, the distance between the top of the compartment plate and the top wall of the compartment is too small, usually less than one-quarter of the height of the compartment, which causes serious blockage of the overflow channel, affects the service life and operation, and increases maintenance and costs.

[0006] In addition, in order to improve the reaction completeness and uniformity in the autoclave and reduce scaling, a stirring device is usually provided for stirring. However, the inventors have found that only relying on a stirring device still results in insufficient and uneven reactions, which affects the reaction efficiency and processing capacity, and is prone to scaling.

[0007] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0008] To this end, the present invention provides a pressure autoclave with improved wear resistance, short maintenance time and long service life.

[0009] The pressure autoclave according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a autoclave body, which has an inner cavity and is made of a titanium-steel explosion composite plate; a compartment plate, which is arranged in the inner cavity and divides the inner cavity into a plurality of compartments arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the autoclave body, the lower edge of the compartment plate is provided with a flow hole for connecting adjacent compartments, and the upper edge of the compartment plate is separated from the top wall of the inner cavity to form an overflow channel; a plurality of stirring devices, each of which has stirring blades, the stirring device is arranged on the autoclave body and corresponds to the compartment, the stirring blades extend vertically downward into the corresponding compartment, and the wall of each compartment has a stirring area opposite to the stirring blade, wherein in the stirring area, a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate is provided on the wall of the compartment.

[0010] According to the pressure autoclave of the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate in the stirring area of ​​the inner wall surface of the autoclave body to protect the stirring area which is greatly affected by stirring and has more severe wear than other areas, the wear resistance of the stirring area can be improved, the service life can be extended, the maintenance cycle can be long, the maintenance workload can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. Moreover, after the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate is worn, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate is easy to replace, which saves maintenance time, that is, the maintenance time is short, the system downtime is reduced, the loss of system downtime is reduced, and the operating efficiency is increased. In addition, by using the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate to protect the stirring area of ​​the inner wall surface of the autoclave body, the material grade of the non-stirring area of ​​the inner wall surface of the autoclave body can be reduced, and the composite plate material selection of the autoclave body is more extensive, which is conducive to reducing equipment costs.

[0011] In some embodiments, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate is a titanium-molybdenum alloy plate, and the titanium-steel explosion composite plate is formed by explosion-compounding a base steel plate and a multilayer pure titanium plate or a titanium-palladium alloy plate to form a pure titanium or titanium-palladium alloy composite layer on the surface of the base steel plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the area occupied by the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate on the wall of the compartment is 1-3 times the projected area of ​​the stirring blade on the wall of the compartment.

[0013] In some embodiments, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate in each stirring zone is a whole plate or is composed of a plurality of sub-plates that are detachably spliced ​​together.

[0014] In some embodiments, a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate is provided on the wall surface of the compartment in the flow area adjacent to the flow hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, the distance between the upper edge of the compartment plate and the top wall of the compartment is 0.2-0.5 times the height of the compartment.

[0016] In some embodiments, the compartment plate is formed by a plurality of titanium alloy sub-plates detachably spliced ​​together vertically, the titanium alloy sub-plates are U-shaped plates with their openings facing horizontally, the side walls of adjacent titanium alloy sub-plates are connected to each other, and a first support ring and a second support ring opposite to each other are welded on the wall surface of the compartment, and the compartment plate is located between the first support ring and the second support ring and is connected to the first support ring and the second support ring.

[0017] In some embodiments, a plurality of baffles for disturbing the flow are provided in each compartment.

[0018] In some embodiments, the baffle is spaced apart from a wall of the compartment.

[0019] In some embodiments, the kettle body has a circular cross section and a racetrack-shaped longitudinal section, and the stirring device is installed on the outer top wall of the kettle body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an autoclave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an autoclave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 4 is a partial schematic longitudinal section diagram of an autoclave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 A side view of one side of the autoclave.

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle.

[0028] Fig. 9 yes Figure 4 Side view of the other side of the autoclave.

[0029] Fig.10 is another schematic longitudinal sectional view of the autoclave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the autoclave.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] Kettle body 1, compartment 101, flow hole 102, overflow channel 103, base steel plate 11, composite titanium plate 12, compartment plate 2, sub-plate 21, stirring device 3, stirring blade 31, titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4, support ring 5, first support ring 51, second support ring 52, baffle 6, first baffle 61, second baffle 62, fixed bracket 7, reinforcing rib plate 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. In the description of the present application, it is necessary to understand that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0034] like Figure 1-11 As shown, the autoclave according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises an autoclave body 1, a compartment plate 2 and a plurality of stirring devices 3. The autoclave body 1 is made of a titanium-steel explosion composite plate, which is formed by explosion-compounding a base steel plate 11 and a composite titanium plate 12 to form a titanium composite layer on the surface of the base steel plate 11. Specifically, the titanium-steel explosion composite plate is formed by explosion-compounding a base steel plate 11 and a composite pure titanium plate or a titanium-palladium alloy plate to form a pure titanium or titanium-palladium alloy composite layer on the surface of the base steel plate 11. In other words, the composite titanium plate 12 can be a pure titanium plate or a titanium-palladium alloy plate.

[0035] The kettle body 1 has an inner cavity. Preferably, the kettle body 1 has a circular cross section and a racetrack-shaped longitudinal section. In other words, the pressure kettle is a horizontal kettle with an oblong longitudinal shape. It can be understood that the shape of the kettle body 1 is not limited to this in the present application.

[0036] The kettle body 1 includes an outer wall, the outer wall of the kettle body 1 forms an inner cavity, and the inner surface of the kettle body 1 is the inner surface of the composite titanium plate 12. In the above-mentioned example of a horizontal kettle with an oblong shape in the longitudinal direction, the outer wall of the kettle body 1 includes an end wall and a peripheral wall. In the cross section of the kettle body 1, the peripheral wall of the kettle body 1 can be divided into a top wall, a bottom wall and a side wall. Since the cross section of the kettle body 1 is circular, the sizes of the top wall, the bottom wall and the side wall can be divided according to specific needs.

[0037] The compartment plate 2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the kettle body 1 and divides the inner cavity of the kettle body 1 into a longitudinal direction ( Figure 1 In other words, the inner cavity of the kettle body 1 includes a plurality of compartments 101 arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1, and adjacent compartments 101 are separated by the compartment plates 2.

[0038] The lower edge of the compartment plate 2 is provided with a flow hole 102, and the flow hole 102 is connected to the adjacent compartment 101. The upper edge of the compartment plate 2 is separated from the top wall surface of the inner cavity of the kettle body 1 to form an overflow channel 103. In other words, the upper edge of the compartment plate 2 is separated from the inner surface of the top wall of the kettle body 1 to form an overflow channel 103 therebetween, so that the material added to one compartment 101 can flow into other compartments 101 in sequence through the overflow channel 103.

[0039] The stirring device 3 has a stirring blade 31, which is arranged on the kettle body 1 and corresponds to the compartment 101. For example, one stirring device 3 is arranged corresponding to one compartment 101, but it is not limited thereto. The stirring blade 31 extends vertically downward into the corresponding compartment 101 and is separated from the bottom wall of the compartment 101. Specifically, the stirring device 3 can be installed on the outer top wall of the kettle body 1, and the top wall of the kettle body 1 is provided with an opening, and the stirring blade 31 extends downward into the compartment 101 through the opening. As a result, the material in each compartment 101 is stirred to rotate around the circumference of the compartment 101 to form an axial and annular flow.

[0040] The wall surface of each compartment 101 has a stirring area opposite to the stirring blade 31. Here, it should be understood that the term stirring area is an area defined by the wall surface (e.g., bottom wall surface) of the compartment 101. When the stirring blade 31 rotates for stirring, the stirred material has a great impact on the area, such as a large wear on the wall surface in the area. The size of the stirring area can be defined according to specific applications based on factors such as the size of the stirring blade 31 and the maximum stirring speed, and the present invention has no special restrictions. Since the wall surface wear in the stirring area is more serious than that in other places, a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is provided on the wall surface of the compartment 101 in the stirring area. In other words, a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is provided on the wall surface of the compartment 101 to cover the stirring area, so that the stirring area is protected by the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4, the service life and life of the kettle body 1 are extended, maintenance work is reduced, and costs are reduced. Even if the stirring area is severely worn and needs maintenance, only the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 can be replaced, without replacing the entire kettle body, thereby reducing costs.

[0041] In one example, in the cross section of the kettle body 1, the wall surface of the compartment 101 can be divided into a top wall surface, a bottom wall surface and a side wall surface, for example, the stirring area is located in the bottom wall surface. It can be understood that the division of the top wall surface, the bottom wall surface and the side wall surface can be divided according to the design and needs. The stirring area is arranged opposite to the stirring blade 31 in the vertical direction. The term "relative" should be understood in a broad sense, that is, the area on the bottom wall that is greatly affected by the stirring of the stirring blade 31 can be referred to as being opposite to the stirring blade 31. The titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is provided on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the kettle body 1 to cover the stirring area, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0042] Specifically, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is consistent with the arc shape of the composite titanium plate 12. The titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is tightly fitted with the composite titanium plate 12 and all corners are fully welded. Before the autoclave heat treatment, the air between the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 and the composite titanium plate 12 needs to be eliminated and the exhaust hole is sealed and welded to ensure that the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 does not bulge or desolder.

[0043] According to the pressure autoclave of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 in the stirring area of ​​the inner wall surface of the autoclave body 1 to protect the stirring area which is greatly affected by stirring and has more severe wear than other areas, the wear resistance of the stirring area can be improved, the service life can be extended, the maintenance cycle can be long, the maintenance workload can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. After the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is worn, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is easy to replace, which saves maintenance time, reduces system downtime, and improves system work efficiency. In addition, by protecting the stirring area of ​​the inner wall surface of the autoclave body 1 with the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4, the material grade of the non-stirring area of ​​the inner wall surface of the autoclave body 1 can be reduced, and the composite plate material selection of the autoclave body 1 is more extensive, which is conducive to reducing costs.

[0044] In some embodiments, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is a titanium-molybdenum alloy plate. By arranging the titanium-molybdenum alloy plate in the stirring area, the wear resistance of the autoclave body 1 can be further improved, and the service life of the autoclave can be extended.

[0045] In some embodiments, the area occupied by the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 on the wall of the compartment 101 is 1-3 times the projected area of ​​the stirring blade 31 on the wall of the compartment 101. In other words, the stirring blade 31 is projected onto the wall of the compartment 101 to form a projected area, and the area occupied by the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 on the wall of the compartment 101 (the area of ​​the stirring area) is 1-3 times the projected area, so as to further protect the stirring area on the wall of each compartment 101, improve the wear resistance of the autoclave, and extend the service life. By determining the area of ​​the stirring area as above, on the one hand, it is avoided that the stirring area is too small and the entire area affected by the stirring cannot be protected. On the other hand, it is also avoided that the stirring area is too large and the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is used too much, resulting in increased costs.

[0046] Specifically, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is rectangular. In some embodiments, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 in each stirring area is a whole plate. In other embodiments, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is formed by splicing a plurality of wear-resistant sub-plates, each wear-resistant sub-plate is welded to the inner wall surface of the kettle body 1, and adjacent wear-resistant sub-plates are welded to each other, and welding holes can be formed on each wear-resistant sub-plate to increase the welding strength. By arranging the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 in a form of splicing a plurality of wear-resistant sub-plates, the connection strength with the kettle body can be increased, bulging can be avoided, and it is convenient to replace only the worn wear-resistant sub-plates, thereby reducing costs and maintenance work. Preferably, each wear-resistant sub-plate is square and has a side length of 300-500 mm.

[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 4 , 6 As shown in FIG. 8 , a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is also provided in the flow area adjacent to the flow hole 102 on the wall surface of the compartment 101. In other words, the wall surface of the compartment 101 also includes a flow area, which is located adjacent to the flow hole 102, and a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is also provided in the flow area.

[0048] Since the material flows between the compartments 101 through the flow holes, the inner surface of the kettle body 1 in the flow area near the flow holes is more severely worn. By setting the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 to cover the flow area, the wall surface of the flow area can be protected, and the serious local wear caused by the high flow velocity at the bottom of this part can be reduced, the service life and cycle of the autoclave can be extended, and the risk of leakage of the kettle body 1 can be reduced. It can be understood that the size of the flow area can be determined according to specific needs and design.

[0049] The titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 in the flow area can be a whole plate, preferably, can be spliced ​​from multiple wear-resistant sub-plates. Like the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 in the stirring area, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 in the flow area is a titanium-molybdenum alloy plate.

[0050] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the distance between the upper edge of the compartment plate 2 and the top wall of the compartment 101 is 0.2-0.5 times the height of the compartment 101. It should be noted here that the distance between the upper edge of the compartment plate 2 and the top wall of the compartment 101 is the distance H between the upper edge of the compartment plate 2 and the highest point of the inner surface of the top wall of the compartment 101, and the height of the compartment 101 is the maximum height of the compartment 101. When the cross-section of the outer peripheral contour of the kettle body 1 is circular, the height of the compartment 101 is the inner diameter of the kettle body 1. By spacing the upper edge of the compartment plate 2 and the top wall of the compartment 101 by the above distance, the spacing distance is increased compared with the prior art, that is, the height of the compartment plate 2 is appropriately reduced, and the overflow channel 103 can be prevented from being seriously blocked, ensuring the normal operation of the autoclave and extending the service life. In addition, the input of additional stirring power can be reduced, the descaling cycle of the autoclave can be extended, and the production and operation costs can be reduced.

[0051] In some embodiments, the compartment plate 2 is formed by a plurality of sub-plates 21 detachably spliced ​​in the vertical direction. The plurality of sub-plates 21 are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction, and adjacent sub-plates 21 are detachably spliced ​​together. Specifically, the material of the sub-plates 21 is titanium alloy, and the compartment plate 2 is formed by a plurality of titanium alloy sub-plates 21 detachably spliced ​​in the vertical direction. Since the compartment plate 2 is detachably spliced ​​by a plurality of sub-plates, the height of the compartment plate 2 can be conveniently adjusted, and when replacement is required, only the damaged sub-plate can be replaced, thereby reducing the cost.

[0052] In some preferred embodiments, the titanium alloy sub-plate 21 is a U-shaped plate with an opening facing horizontally, and the side walls of adjacent titanium alloy sub-plates 21 are connected to each other. The titanium alloy sub-plate 21 includes a first side wall and a second side wall extending substantially horizontally and spaced apart in the vertical direction, and a third connecting wall extending substantially vertically and connecting the first side wall and the second side wall, and the third connecting wall connects the first end of the first side wall and the first end of the second side wall, and the first end of the first side wall and the first end of the second side wall are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and the first side wall of one titanium alloy sub-plate 21 and the second side wall of another titanium alloy sub-plate 21 in adjacent titanium alloy sub-plates 21 are overlapped and connected to each other. Specifically, the adjacent titanium alloy sub-plates 21 are connected by bolts.

[0053] In some embodiments, a support ring 5 is welded on the wall of the compartment 101, and the compartment plate 2 is mounted on the support ring 5. Figure 4 , 6-9. According to the autoclave of the embodiment of the present invention, the compartment plate 2 is installed by welding the support ring 5 on the wall surface of the compartment 101, thereby improving the stability of the compartment plate 2.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, the support ring 5 includes a first support ring 51 and a second support ring 52 opposite to each other, and the compartment plate 2 is sandwiched between the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 and connected to the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52, for example, by bolts. Figure 6-9 As shown, the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 are both welded to the inner surface of the kettle body 1, and the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 are opposite and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, wherein the compartment plate 2 is arranged between the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52, and the side of the first support ring 51 adjacent to the second support ring 52 is connected to the compartment plate 2, and the side of the second support ring 52 adjacent to the first support ring 51 is connected to the compartment plate 2.

[0055] Specifically, the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 are arranged symmetrically. Therefore, by arranging the support ring 5 in a symmetrical arrangement, the stability of the compartment plate 2 can be further improved, and the weld between the support ring 5 and the composite titanium plate 12 will not be pulled apart due to excessive deformation when subjected to stress.

[0056] The highest points of the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 are both adjacent to the upper edge of the compartment plate 2 and are substantially flush.

[0057] Specifically, the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 are respectively formed by connecting a plurality of arc-shaped plates in sequence.

[0058] In some specific embodiments, at least one side of the outer sides of the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 that are away from each other is provided with a reinforcing rib 8. Preferably, both the side of the first support ring 51 that is away from the second support ring 52 and the side of the second support ring 52 that is away from the first support ring 51 are provided with a reinforcing rib 8. Thus, by providing the reinforcing rib 8 on the outer sides of the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 that are away from each other, the supporting function of the support ring 5 can be further improved, and the stability of the compartment plate 2 can be improved.

[0059] In some embodiments, Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, a plurality of baffles 6 for disturbing flow are provided in each compartment 101. The length direction of each baffle 6 is substantially perpendicular to the annular flow in the compartment 101. By installing a certain number of baffles 6 in each compartment 101, a disturbing effect can be exerted on the stirring fluid, so that the material is in a turbulent state, the mixing is more uniform, and the reaction is more complete.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, the baffle 6 is spaced apart from the wall of the compartment 101. Specifically, the gap between the edge of the baffle 6 adjacent to the wall of the compartment 101 and the wall of the compartment 101 is 100 mm to 200 mm, so as to avoid the mixing dead corner or the deposition of the material with a large specific gravity, which is conducive to ensuring the sufficient mixing, reaction and mass transfer of the materials, and can reduce the wear of the composite titanium plate 12.

[0061] Furthermore, the gap between the two ends of the baffle plate 6 adjacent to the composite titanium plate 12 and the composite titanium plate 12 of the kettle body 1 is 100 mm to 200 mm.

[0062] In some specific embodiments, a fixing bracket 7 is provided on the wall surface of the compartment 101, and the baffle 6 is fixed to the fixing bracket 7 by bolts. Specifically, the fixing bracket 7 is welded to the composite titanium plate 12 of the kettle body 1, and the baffle 6 is fixed to the fixing bracket 7 by bolts. Further, the fixing bracket 7 is welded by an angle steel and a bottom plate, the bottom plate is welded to the composite titanium plate 12, and an opening suitable for the bolt to pass through is opened on the angle steel.

[0063] Furthermore, the heads and nuts of the bolts fixing the baffles 6 are provided with anti-wear protective caps (not shown), thereby reducing the erosion of the bolt pair by the stirring fluid and extending the life of fasteners such as bolts.

[0064] It is understandable that the manner in which the baffle plate 6 is fixed to the fixing bracket 7 is not limited thereto. For example, the baffle plate 6 may also be fixed to the fixing bracket 7 by riveting or welding.

[0065] Specifically, the baffles 6 are not limited to being fixed on the wall surface of the compartment 101 by the fixing brackets 7. The baffles 6 can also be installed on the compartment plate 2.

[0066] In some specific embodiments, Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the plurality of baffles 6 include a first pair of baffles arranged oppositely in the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1 and a second pair of baffles arranged oppositely in the left-right direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. In other words, the plurality of baffles 6 include a first pair of baffles and a second pair of baffles, and the first pair of baffles include at least two first baffles 61 arranged oppositely and spaced in the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1, and the second pair of baffles include at least two second baffles 62 arranged oppositely and spaced in the left-right direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. The left-right direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is Fig.10 The direction perpendicular to the page, that is Fig.11 Left and right directions shown.

[0067] The first pair of baffles includes a first arc-shaped baffle disposed on the wall surface of the compartment 101 and a straight baffle disposed on the compartment plate. Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, in the compartment 101 located at the longitudinal end of the kettle body 1, one of the baffles 6 in the first pair of baffles is an arc-shaped plate and is installed on the inner wall surface of the kettle body 1, and the other baffle 6 in the first pair of baffles is a straight plate and is installed on one side of the two opposite sides of the compartment plate 2 in the longitudinal direction.

[0068] The second pair of baffles are second arc-shaped baffles disposed on the wall surface of the compartment 101. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, each baffle 6 in the second pair of baffles is an arc-shaped plate and is installed on the inner wall surface of the kettle body 1.

[0069] Specifically, Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, two second baffles 62 are provided on the wall of the compartment 101 at and Fig.10 In the direction perpendicular to the page ( Fig.11 The two second baffles 62 are both arc-shaped baffles to be consistent with the contour of the wall of the compartment 101. It can be understood that, except for the compartment 101 located at the end of the kettle body 1 in its longitudinal direction, the two first baffles 61 in other compartments 101 are respectively installed on two compartment plates 101 and are both straight baffles, and the two second baffles 62 are consistent with the second baffles 62 in the compartment 101 located at the end of the kettle body 1. There is no special restriction on the number of baffles 6.

[0070] like Fig.10 As shown, in the compartment 101 located at the end of the kettle body 1 in the longitudinal direction, a first baffle 61 is mounted on the composite titanium plate 12 of the kettle body 1 through a fixing bracket 7 and is an arc-shaped baffle, and another first baffle 61 is mounted on one side of the compartment plate 2 and is a straight baffle. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, two second baffles 62 are provided on the wall of the compartment 101 at and Fig.10 In the direction perpendicular to the page ( Fig.11 The two second baffles 62 are both arc-shaped baffles to be consistent with the contour of the wall of the compartment 101. It can be understood that, except for the compartment 101 located at the end of the kettle body 1 in its longitudinal direction, the two first baffles 61 in other compartments 101 are respectively installed on two compartment plates 101 and are both straight baffles, and the two second baffles 62 are consistent with the second baffles 62 in the compartment 101 located at the end of the kettle body 1. There is no special restriction on the number of baffles 6.

[0071] In some embodiments, the width of the baffle 6 is 0.05 to 0.1 times the diameter of the kettle body 1, wherein the width direction of the first arc-shaped baffle and the width direction of the second arc-shaped baffle are both orthogonal to the wall surface of the compartment 101, and the width direction of the straight baffle is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown in , the diameter of the kettle body 1 is the height of the kettle body 1. The width of the arc-shaped baffle in the first baffle 61 is the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the inner wall surface of the kettle body 1 corresponding to the arc-shaped baffle, and the width of the straight baffle in the first baffle 61 is the dimension in the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1. The second baffles 62 are all arc-shaped baffles, and their width is the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the inner wall surface of the kettle body 1 corresponding to the second baffle 62.

[0072] Specifically, when the viscosity of the material in the compartment 101 is relatively high, the width of the baffle 6 is 0.05 times the diameter of the kettle body 1, and when the viscosity of the material in the compartment 101 is relatively low, the width of the baffle 6 is 0.1 times the diameter of the kettle body 1. Preferably, the width of the baffle 6 is 0.08 times the diameter of the kettle body 1. Thus, by designing the width of the baffle 6 to be related to the viscosity of the material, the mixing uniformity of the corresponding material can be further improved, so that the reaction can be carried out more fully.

[0073] In some embodiments, the thickness of the baffle 6 is 8 mm to 12 mm, wherein the thickness direction of the first arc-shaped baffle and the thickness direction of the straight baffle are both substantially parallel to the left-right direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1, and the thickness direction of the second arc-shaped baffle is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the kettle body. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the thickness of the arc-shaped baffle in the first baffle 61 is Fig.11 The dimension in the left-right direction shown in FIG. 1 is that the thickness of the straight baffle in the first baffle 61 is the thickness of the straight baffle in FIG. Fig.11 The second baffles 62 are all arc-shaped baffles, and their thickness is the dimension of the arc-shaped baffles in the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1.

[0074] In some embodiments, the distance between the upper edge of the baffle 6 and the top wall of the compartment 101 is adjustable, and / or the distance between the lower edge of the baffle 6 and the bottom wall of the compartment 101 is adjustable. According to the material flow pattern, the height of the upper edge of the baffle 6 and the height of the lower edge of the baffle 6 can be adjusted to improve the mixing uniformity of the material.

[0075] Furthermore, the upper edge of the baffle 6 is substantially flush with the liquid surface of the material in the compartment 101 when the material is stationary, and the lower edge of the baffle 6 may be in contact with the inner surface of the bottom wall of the kettle body 1 .

[0076] Please refer to the following Figure 1-11 An autoclave according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0077] like Figure 1-11As shown, the pressure autoclave according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a autoclave body 1, a compartment plate 2, a plurality of stirring devices 3, a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4, a support ring 5, a plurality of baffles 6, a fixed bracket 7 and a reinforcing rib plate 8.

[0078] The kettle body 1 is made of a titanium-steel explosion composite plate, and the titanium-steel explosion composite plate is formed by explosion-compounding a base steel plate 11 and a composite titanium plate 12, so as to form a titanium composite layer on the surface of the base steel plate 11, wherein the composite titanium plate 12 can be a composite pure titanium plate or a titanium-palladium alloy plate, and a pure titanium or titanium-palladium alloy composite layer is formed on the surface of the base steel plate 11. The kettle body 1 has an inner cavity and has a circular cross section and a racetrack-shaped longitudinal section.

[0079] The compartment plate 2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the kettle body 1 and divides the inner cavity of the kettle body 1 into a plurality of compartments 101 arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1. A flow hole 102 is provided at the lower edge of the compartment plate 2, and the flow hole 102 connects the adjacent compartments 101. The inner surface of the kettle body 1, that is, the inner surface of the composite titanium plate 12 includes a flow area adjacent to the flow hole 102, and a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is arranged on the flow area, thereby reducing the serious local wear caused by the high flow velocity at the bottom of this part, extending the service life and cycle of the autoclave, and reducing the risk of leakage of the kettle body 1. Specifically, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 in the flow area is a titanium-molybdenum alloy plate.

[0080] The upper edge of the compartment plate 2 is separated from the top wall surface of the inner cavity of the kettle body 1 to form an overflow channel 103. The distance H between the upper edge of the compartment plate 2 and the highest point of the inner surface of the top wall of the compartment 101 is 0.2-0.5 times the inner diameter of the kettle body 1, that is, the height of the compartment plate 2 is appropriately reduced compared with the prior art, which can avoid serious blockage of the overflow channel 103, ensure the normal operation of the autoclave, and extend the service life. In addition, the input of additional stirring power can be reduced, the descaling cycle of the autoclave can be extended, and the production and operation costs can be reduced.

[0081] The compartment plate 2 is formed by vertically detachably splicing a plurality of sub-plates 21. Specifically, the material of the sub-plates 21 is titanium alloy. The sub-plates 21 are U-shaped plates with openings facing horizontally, and the horizontal side walls of adjacent titanium alloy sub-plates 21 are connected by bolts.

[0082] The support ring 5 is welded to the inner surface of the composite titanium plate 12 of the kettle body 1, and the support ring 5 is connected to the outer periphery of the compartment plate 2 to support the compartment plate 2. The support ring 5 includes a first support ring 51 and a second support ring 52 arranged symmetrically, and the compartment plate 2 is located between the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 and connected to the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52. Specifically, the first support ring 51 and the second support ring 52 are respectively formed by connecting a plurality of arc-shaped plates in sequence.

[0083] Reinforcing ribs 8 are provided on the side of the first support ring 51 facing away from the second support ring 52 and on the side of the second support ring 52 facing away from the first support ring 51, and the reinforcing ribs 8 located on the side of the first support ring 51 facing away from the second support ring 52 and the reinforcing ribs 8 located on the side of the second support ring 52 facing away from the first support ring 51 are arranged symmetrically.

[0084] Each stirring device 3 has a stirring blade 31, and the plurality of stirring devices 3 are respectively and correspondingly inserted into the plurality of compartments 101 of the kettle body 1 from the outside to the inside along the vertical direction, and the stirring devices 3 are installed on the outer wall surface of the kettle body 1. The stirring blade 31 extends into the corresponding compartment 101 and is spaced from the inner wall surface of the kettle body 1. The material in each compartment 101 is stirred to rotate around the circumference of the compartment 101 to form an axial and annular flow.

[0085] The inner wall surface of each compartment 101 includes a stirring area, and the number of stirring areas can be consistent with the number of stirring blades. The stirring area is arranged relatively to the stirring blades 31. The stirring area is provided with a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 to cover the stirring area. The titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is used to protect the stirring area, thereby extending the service life of the kettle body 1 in the stirring area. Specifically, the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is a titanium-molybdenum alloy plate. The area occupied by the titanium-molybdenum alloy plate on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the kettle body 1 is 1-3 times the projected area of ​​the stirring blade 31 on the wall surface of the compartment 101. The titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 in each stirring area is composed of a plurality of wear-resistant sub-plates. When the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate 4 is composed of a plurality of wear-resistant sub-plates, each wear-resistant sub-plate is square and has a side length of 300-500 mm.

[0086] Each compartment 101 is provided with four baffles 6 for flow disturbance, and the length direction of each baffle 6 is substantially perpendicular to the annular flow in the compartment 101. By installing a certain number of baffles 6 in each compartment 101, a positive interference effect can be exerted on the stirring fluid, so that the materials are mixed more evenly and the reaction is more complete. The baffles 6 are spaced apart from the wall of the compartment 101. Specifically, the gap between the edge of the baffle 6 adjacent to the composite titanium plate 12 and the composite titanium plate 12 of the kettle body 1 is 100 mm-200 mm. This avoids the deposition of materials with heavy specific gravity or stirring dead corners, helps to ensure sufficient material mixing, reaction, and mass transfer, and can reduce the wear on the composite titanium plate 12.

[0087] The four baffles 6 in each compartment 101 include a first pair of baffles and a second pair of baffles, and the first pair of baffles includes two first baffles 61 arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1, and the second pair of baffles includes two baffles arranged in the left and right directions ( Fig.11 As shown, a second baffle 62 is arranged opposite and spaced apart.

[0088] One of the first baffles 61 is mounted on the inner wall of the kettle body 1 through a fixing bracket 7 and is a first arc-shaped baffle, and the other first baffle 61 is mounted on one side of the compartment plate 2 and is a straight baffle. The width of the first arc-shaped baffle is the dimension of the arc-shaped baffle in the direction orthogonal to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 corresponding to the arc-shaped baffle, and the thickness of the arc-shaped baffle is the dimension of the arc-shaped baffle in the left-right direction ( Fig.11 The width of the straight baffle is the dimension of the straight baffle in the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1, and the thickness of the straight baffle is the dimension of the straight baffle in the left and right direction ( Fig.11 Dimensions shown).

[0089] Two second baffles 62 are provided on the wall of the compartment 101 at and Fig.10 In the direction perpendicular to the page ( Fig.11 The two second baffles 62 are both second arc-shaped baffles, which are consistent with the contour of the wall of the compartment 101. The width of the second arc-shaped baffle is the dimension of the arc-shaped baffle in the direction orthogonal to the inner wall surface of the kettle body 1 corresponding to the arc-shaped baffle, and the thickness of the arc-shaped baffle is the dimension of the arc-shaped baffle in the longitudinal direction of the kettle body 1.

[0090] The width of the baffle plate 6 is 0.05 to 0.1 times the diameter of the kettle body 1. Preferably, the width of the baffle plate 6 is 0.08 times the diameter of the kettle body 1. The thickness of the baffle plate 6 is 8 mm to 12 mm.

[0091] The distance between the upper edge of the baffle 6 and the top wall of the compartment 101 can be adjusted so as to be substantially flush with the liquid level of the material in the compartment 101 when it is stationary.

[0092] The distance between the lower edge of the baffle 6 and the bottom wall of the compartment 101 is adjustable, and the lower edge of the baffle 6 can contact the inner surface of the bottom wall of the kettle body 1. According to the material flow pattern, the height of the upper edge of the baffle 6 and the height of the lower edge of the baffle 6 can be adjusted to improve the mixing uniformity of the material.

[0093] The baffle 6 is mounted on the composite titanium plate 12 of the kettle body 1 through a fixing bracket 7. The fixing bracket 7 is welded to the inner surface of the composite titanium plate 12 of the kettle body 1 and the compartment plate 2. The baffle 6 is mounted on the fixing bracket 7 through bolts, and the head and nut of the bolt are provided with an anti-wear protective cap (not shown), thereby reducing the erosion of the bolt pair by the stirring fluid and extending the life of fasteners such as bolts.

[0094] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0095] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0096] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0097] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0098] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pressure vessel, characterized in that: include: A kettle body, wherein the kettle body has an inner cavity and is made of a titanium-steel explosion composite plate; A compartment plate, the compartment plate is arranged in the inner cavity and divides the inner cavity into a plurality of compartments arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the kettle body, a flow hole for connecting adjacent compartments is provided at the lower edge of the compartment plate, and an upper edge of the compartment plate is separated from the top wall of the inner cavity to form an overflow channel; A plurality of stirring devices, each of which has a stirring blade, and each of which is arranged on the kettle body and corresponds to the compartment, wherein the stirring blade extends vertically downward into the corresponding compartment, and the wall of each compartment has a stirring area opposite to the stirring blade, wherein a titanium alloy wear-resistant plate is arranged on the wall of the compartment within the stirring area; The area occupied by the titanium alloy wear-resistant plate on the wall surface of the compartment is 1-3 times the projected area of ​​the stirring blade on the wall surface of the compartment; A titanium alloy wear-resistant plate is provided on the wall surface of the compartment in the flow area adjacent to the flow hole; The distance between the upper edge of the compartment plate and the top wall of the compartment is 0.2-0.5 times the height of the compartment; The compartment plate is formed by a plurality of titanium alloy sub-plates which are detachably spliced ​​together vertically. The titanium alloy sub-plates are U-shaped plates with their openings facing horizontally. The side walls of adjacent titanium alloy sub-plates are connected to each other. A first support ring and a second support ring which are opposite to each other are welded on the wall surface of the compartment. The compartment plate is located between the first support ring and the second support ring and is connected to the first support ring and the second support ring.

2. The autoclave according to claim 1, characterized in that The titanium alloy wear-resistant plate is a titanium-molybdenum alloy plate, and the titanium-steel explosion composite plate is formed by explosion-compounding a base steel plate and a composite pure titanium plate or a titanium-palladium alloy plate to form a pure titanium or titanium-palladium alloy composite layer on the surface of the base steel plate.

3. The autoclave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The titanium alloy wear-resistant plate in each stirring area is a whole plate or is composed of a plurality of wear-resistant sub-plates that are detachably spliced ​​together.

4. The autoclave according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Each compartment is provided with a plurality of baffles for spoiling the flow.

5. The autoclave according to claim 4, characterized in that: The baffle is spaced apart from the wall of the compartment.

6. The autoclave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kettle body has a circular cross section and a racetrack-shaped longitudinal section, and the stirring device is installed on the outer top wall of the kettle body.

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