River bypass water purification wetland system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a river bypass water purification wetland system, which includes a water diversion and purification section, a circuitous water purification section, and a drainage and purification section that are connected in sequence. The drainage outlet of the drainage and purification section is connected to the main river. The water diversion and purification section includes a water diversion channel with an inlet connected to the main river, gravel laid in the water diversion channel, a gravel overflow weir and a plurality of first groynes arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. The first groynes are arranged alternately along both sides of the water diversion channel and form a snake-head-shaped first water purification channel. The head of the first groyne is inclined along the water flow direction. The sewage in the river flows into the circuitous water purification section and the drainage and purification section for purification after being purified by the water diversion and purification section, and then flows back into the main river again to complete multiple circuits, improving the water quality purification effect of the river. Moreover, the plurality of first groynes form a snake-head-shaped first water purification channel for small circuitous water flow, which can block the flow velocity, reduce backflow, increase the contact time between the water body and the bottom sediment, and increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body, further improving the water quality purification effect of the river.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of river ecological treatment, and particularly relates to a river bypass water purification wetland system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy and the overexploitation and utilization of water resources, agricultural sewage, domestic sewage, surface runoff water, etc. flow into rivers, resulting in the deterioration of river water quality and the serious destruction of the river ecological environment. In addition to external pollution, the internal pollution of rivers cannot be ignored. The black mud deposited at the bottom of the river floats on the water surface for a long time. At present, the focus of river regulation is sewage interception treatment to address dirtiness, disorder, and poor conditions. However, sewage interception treatment can only solve external pollution, and internal pollution still exists, and the ecological function of the river still cannot be restored. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a river bypass water purification wetland system, which can improve the water purification effect of the river and restore the ecological function of the river.

[0004] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the technical solution adopted is:

[0005] A river bypass water purification wetland system includes a drainage and water purification section, a meandering water purification section, and a drainage and water purification section that are connected in sequence. The drainage outlet of the drainage and water purification section is connected to the main river. The drainage and water purification section includes a drainage channel with an inlet connected to the main river, gravel laid in the drainage channel, a gravel overflow weir and a plurality of first groynes arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. The first groynes are arranged alternately along both sides of the drainage channel and form a snake-head-shaped first water purification channel. The head of the first groyne is inclined along the water flow direction.

[0006] The sewage of the river enters the drainage channel through the inlet, and after overflowing the gravel overflow weir, it flows into the snake-head-shaped first water purification channel formed by a plurality of first groynes. The water flow purified by the drainage and water purification section then successively flows into the meandering water purification section and the drainage and water purification section for purification, and then flows back into the main river again, completing multiple meanders, improving the water purification effect of the river, and restoring the ecological function of the river; and the first groynes are arranged in a staggered manner along both sides of the drainage channel, with the head inclined along the water flow direction, forming a snake-head-shaped first water purification channel with small meandering water flow, which can block the flow velocity, reduce backflow, increase the contact time between the water body and the bottom sediment, and increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body, further improving the water purification effect of the river and restoring the ecological function of the river.

[0007] The following further explains the technical solution:

[0008] Furthermore, the water inlet of the diversion channel is in a trumpet shape. The water inlet is built into a gentle slope along the water flow direction from the main river to the diversion channel. The gravel overflow weir is located at the end of the water inlet, and the width of the water inlet gradually narrows from the main river to the side of the gravel overflow weir. The water inlet is in a trumpet shape and is built into a gentle slope from the outside to the inside along the water flow direction from the main river to the diversion channel. The width of the water inlet gradually narrows towards the position of the innermost gravel overflow weir, enabling a larger amount of water introduced from the main river and accelerating the flow rate. Moreover, the gravel overflow weir is at the very end of the water inlet. The water-facing side of the gravel overflow weir blocks the flow, and the water flows over the backwater side of the gravel overflow weir to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body. At the same time, it can prevent the water flow entering the diversion water purification section from flowing back.

[0009] Furthermore, the circuitous water purification section includes a circuitous water purification channel in an S shape, and gravel is laid in the circuitous water purification channel. By setting the S-shaped circuitous water purification channel, the water flow can flow in a circuitous manner to extend the process and increase the hydraulic retention time, further enhancing the water quality purification effect.

[0010] Furthermore, at least one group of gravel weirs is arranged in the circuitous water purification channel. Each group of gravel weirs includes at least three gravel weirs arranged at intervals along the water flow direction. The height of each gravel weir gradually decreases along the water flow direction, and a gravel pile is laid on the backwater side of each gravel weir. Such a design can transform the micro-topography of the riverbed, making the micro-topography structure of the riverbed richer. Moreover, a stagnant water area is formed between two adjacent gravel weirs, forming a small canal pond system to block the water flow and increase the contact time between the water flow and the gravel, further enhancing the water quality purification effect.

[0011] Furthermore, water purification plants are planted between the gravel pile and the next gravel weir along the water flow direction. The water purification plants further purify the water quality, and at the same time form a water landscape effect with a combination of movement and stillness, increasing the landscape effect.

[0012] Furthermore, boulders are arranged in the circuitous water purification channel, and water purification plants are planted on the backwater side of the boulders. The water flow hitting the boulders can stir up waves, which plays a role in blocking the water flow and increasing the oxygen content, improving the water quality purification effect. Moreover, the water purification plants further purify the water quality, making the landscape effect better.

[0013] Furthermore, the circuitous water purification section includes at least two soft foundation isolation belts arranged at intervals. Tall and erect aquatic plants are planted in the soft foundation isolation belts, and the circuitous water purification channel is arranged around the soft foundation isolation belts. The soft foundation isolation belts in the circuitous water purification section are used to construct the circuitous water purification channel. Tall and erect aquatic plants are planted in the soft foundation isolation belts to fix the foundation with piles and also make the landscape effect better.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of second groynes are provided in the drainage and water purification section, which are arranged in an alternating manner in sequence to form an S-shaped second water purification channel. The drainage outlet of the second water purification channel is connected to the main river channel and is located downstream of the water inlet of the diversion channel. After the water flow is purified circuitously through the second water purification channel, it is then discharged into the main river channel to further purify the water quality.

[0015] Furthermore, water purification plants are planted on the backwater side of both the first groyne and the second groyne. This further improves the water purification effect and the landscape effect.

[0016] Furthermore, the included angle between the first groyne and the center line of the diversion channel and on one side along the water flow direction is 60°.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The sewage in the river channel of the present invention enters the diversion channel through the water inlet, overflows the gravel overflow weir, and then flows into the snake-head-shaped first water purification channel composed of a plurality of first groynes. The water flow purified by the diversion and water purification section successively flows into the meandering water purification section and the drainage and water purification section for purification, and then reflows into the main river channel to complete multiple meanders, improving the water purification effect of the river channel and restoring the ecological function of the river; moreover, the first groynes are arranged in a staggered manner along both sides of the diversion channel, and the heads are inclined along the water flow direction, forming a snake-head-shaped first water purification channel with small meandering water flow, which can block the flow velocity, reduce backflow, increase the contact time between the water body and the bottom sediment, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body, further improving the water purification effect of the river channel and restoring the ecological function of the river. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the river channel bypass water purification wetland system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the water inlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is an arrangement diagram of the gravel weir group according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0023] 10. Diversion and water purification section, 110. Water inlet, 111. Gentle slope, 120. Diversion channel, 130. Gravel overflow weir, 140. First groyne, 150. First water purification channel, 20. Meandering water purification section, 210. Meandering water purification channel, 220. Soft foundation isolation belt, 230. Tall emergent plants, 240. Gravel weir, 250. Gravel pile, 260. Block stone, 30. Drainage and water purification section, 310. Drainage outlet, 320. Second water purification channel, 330. Second groyne, 40. Water purification plant, 50. Main river channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0025] As Figure 1 shown, a river bypass water purification wetland system includes a sequentially connected drainage water purification section 10, a meandering water purification section 20, and a drainage water purification section 30. The drainage water purification section 30 includes a drainage outlet 310 connected to the main river 50. The drainage water purification section 10 includes a drainage channel 120 with an inlet 110 connected to the main river 50, gravel (not marked in the drawings) laid in the drainage channel 120, a gravel overflow weir 130 and a plurality of first groynes 140 arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. The first groynes 140 are arranged in a staggered manner along both sides of the drainage channel 120 in sequence and form a snake-head-shaped first water purification channel 150. The head of the first groyne 140 is inclined along the water flow direction.

[0026] The sewage of the river enters the drainage channel 120 through the inlet 110, overflows the gravel overflow weir 130, and then flows into the snake-head-shaped first water purification channel 150 formed by a plurality of first groynes 140. The water flow purified by the drainage water purification section 10 successively flows into the meandering water purification section 20 and the drainage water purification section 30 for purification, and then flows back into the main river 50 again to complete multiple meanders, improving the river water quality purification effect and restoring the ecological function of the river; and the first groynes 140 are arranged in a staggered manner along both sides of the drainage channel 120, with the head inclined along the water flow direction, forming the snake-head-shaped first water purification channel 150 with small meandering water flow, which can block the flow velocity, reduce backflow, increase the contact time between the water body and the bottom sediment, and increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body, further improving the river water quality purification effect and restoring the ecological function of the river.

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, two groups of first groynes 140 are arranged in the drainage channel 120. One group is arranged on one side of the drainage channel 120, and the other group is arranged on the other side of the drainage channel 120. Each group has three, and there are a total of six first groynes 140; the included angle between the first groyne 140 and the center line of the drainage channel 120 on one side along the water flow direction is 60°, the dam length is 2 / 3 of the distance between both sides of the drainage channel 120, the height is 10 - 20 cm higher than the normal water surface, the width is about 30 cm, and the first groyne 140 is formed by cementing large gravel with concrete. The number, specifications, structure of the first groyne 140 and the included angle with the center line of the drainage channel 120 on one side along the water flow direction can also be set in other forms according to actual needs.

[0028] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the water inlet 110 of the drainage channel 120 is trumpet-shaped, and the width of the water inlet 110 gradually narrows towards the position of the gravel overflow weir 130. The water inlet 110 is built into a gentle slope 111 along the main river channel 50 from the outside to the inside in the direction of the bypass water flow. The length of the gentle slope 111 can be flexibly adjusted according to the available riparian zone area. The outermost height of the gentle slope 111 is at the same level as the normal water level of the main river channel 50, and the gravel overflow weir 130 is constructed on the innermost side. The height of the gravel overflow weir 130 is about 10 - 30 cm, and the width is about 30 cm. The slope length ratio of the upstream and downstream surfaces of the gravel overflow weir 130 is 1:2. The specific height can be appropriately adjusted according to the hydrological conditions of the main river channel 50. In principle, the gravel overflow weir 130 can detain the flow without blocking it, so as to introduce more water from the main river channel 50 and accelerate the flow rate. The end of the water inlet 110 further increases the water body reoxygenation capacity through the gravel overflow weir 130, improving the purification effect of the water quality. The structure of the water inlet 110 and the specifications of the gravel overflow weir 130 can also be set in other forms according to actual needs.

[0029] As Figure 1 shown, the meandering water purification section 20 includes a meandering water purification channel 210 in an S shape, and gravel is laid in the meandering water purification channel 210. Setting the meandering water purification channel 210 in an S shape can make the water flow in a meandering manner, so as to extend the process and increase the hydraulic retention time, further improving the water quality purification effect.

[0030] In this embodiment, three soft foundation isolation belts 220 are evenly arranged in the meandering water purification section 20. The meandering water purification channel 210 is arranged around the soft foundation isolation belts 220. One end of the soft foundation isolation belts 220 is connected to the outer edge of the system, and the other end has a water passing opening. The length of the soft foundation isolation belts 220 accounts for more than 4 / 5 of the regional length. The soft foundation isolation belts 220 are fixed with pine wood piles, with geotechnical materials as the bottom, filled with soil to solidify the foundation, and tall-stemmed emergent plants 230 such as reeds, thalia dealbata, and calamus are planted on the soil foundation. The water flow meanders through the isolation belts, the process is extended, the hydraulic retention time is increased, the purification effect is further improved, and the landscape is beautified. The outer edge of the system is protected by stacked stones or pine wood piles supplemented by tall-stemmed emergent plants 230 such as reeds. When the flow rate of the main river channel 50 is large, the outer edge of the system is mainly protected by stacked stones; when the flow rate of the main river channel 50 is slow, the outer edge of the system is fixed by pine wood piles and reeds are planted to build a plant fence. This system is particularly suitable for the ecological treatment of polluted river channels with broad riparian zones and mostly natural riparian zones.

[0031] As Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, two groups of gravel weirs 240 are arranged in the meandering water purification channel 210. Each group of gravel weirs 240 includes at least three gravel weirs 240 arranged at intervals along the water flow direction. The height of each gravel weir 240 gradually decreases along the water flow direction. On the side of the backwater slope of each gravel weir 240, there is a gravel pile 250 laid. Such a design can transform the micro-topography of the riverbed, making the micro-topography structure of the riverbed richer. And a stagnant water area is formed between two adjacent gravel weirs 240, forming a small canal pond system to block the water flow, increase the contact time between the water flow and the gravel, and further improve the water quality purification effect.

[0032] In this embodiment, the width of the first gravel weir 240 in each group of gravel weirs 240 facing the water flow is about 30 cm, and it is 20 cm higher than the normal water level. The height of each weir gradually decreases from front to back. The width of the later-set gravel weir 240 is about 20 cm, and it is 10 - 15 cm higher than the normal water level. Behind each gravel weir 240, there is a gravel pile 250 paved with fine gravel with a diameter of 1 - 5 cm in a slope structure. On both sides of the channel and in the gravel gaps between two gravel weirs 240, there are water purification plants 40 planted. The water purification plants 40 further purify the water quality, and at the same time form a water landscape effect combining movement and stillness, increasing the landscape effect. The specifications of the gravel weirs 240 can also be set to other values according to actual needs.

[0033] The gravel weirs 240 are preferably arranged in the area with a relatively slow water flow velocity in the meandering water purification channel 210. In the rapid flow area and the water flow turning area of the meandering water purification channel 210, large stones 260 are arranged in a zigzag dot pattern to stir up the water waves, play a role in blocking the water flow and increasing the oxygen content, and improve the water quality purification effect. And on the backwater side of the large stones 260, there are water purification plants 40 planted, such as dwarf Vallisneria natans. The water purification plants 40 further purify the water quality, making the landscape effect better.

[0034] As Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in the drainage and water purification section 30, there are three second groynes 330 arranged in sequence and staggered to form an S-shaped second water purification channel 320. This groyne also has the effect of protecting the bank. The drainage outlet 310 of the second water purification channel 320 is connected to the main river channel 50 and is located downstream of the water inlet 110 of the diversion channel 120. After the water flow is purified by meandering through the second water purification channel 320, it is then discharged into the main river channel 50 to further purify the water quality.

[0035] In this embodiment, there are three second groynes 330. The three second groynes 330 are sequentially and staggered in the drainage and water purification section 30. The groynes are made of gabions stacked. The length of the second groyne 330 accounts for 4 / 5 of the width on both sides of the river channel in the drainage and water purification section 30, and the width is about 50 cm. The number and specifications of the second groynes 330 can also be set to other values according to actual needs.

[0036] Purifying plants 40 are planted on the backwater side of the first spur dike 140 and the second spur dike 330. The flow velocity in the eddy area behind each spur dike is relatively small, making it suitable for planting submerged plants, such as Vallisneria natans, to further purify water quality and enhance the landscape effect.

[0037] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0038] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A river bypass water purification wetland system, characterized in that, It includes a water diversion and purification section, a meandering purification section, and a drainage purification section that are connected in sequence. The drainage outlet of the drainage purification section is connected to the main river channel. The water diversion and purification section includes a diversion channel with an inlet connected to the main river channel, gravel laid in the diversion channel, a gravel overflow weir and a plurality of first groynes arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. Two groups of the first groynes are arranged in the diversion channel, one group of the first groynes is arranged on one side of the diversion channel, and the other group of the first groynes is arranged on the other side of the diversion channel. The first groynes are arranged in a staggered manner along both sides of the diversion channel in sequence and form a snake-head-shaped first water purification channel. The head of the first groyne is inclined along the water flow direction; The inlet of the diversion channel is trumpet-shaped, and the inlet is built into a gentle slope along the water flow direction from the main river channel to the diversion channel. The gravel overflow weir is located at the end of the inlet, and the width of the inlet gradually becomes narrower from the main river channel to the side of the gravel overflow weir; The meandering purification section includes an S-shaped meandering water purification channel, and gravel is laid in the meandering water purification channel; At least one group of gravel weirs is arranged in the meandering water purification channel. Each group of gravel weirs includes at least three gravel weirs arranged at intervals along the water flow direction. The height of each gravel weir gradually decreases along the water flow direction, and a gravel pile is laid on the backwater side of each gravel weir; The meandering purification section includes at least two soft foundation isolation belts arranged at intervals. Tall and emergent aquatic plants are planted in the soft foundation isolation belts, and the meandering water purification channel is arranged around the soft foundation isolation belts.

2. The river bypass water purification wetland system according to claim 1, wherein Purification plants are planted between the gravel pile and the next gravel weir along the water flow direction.

3. The river bypass water purification wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Block stones are arranged in the meandering water purification channel, and purification plants are planted on the backwater side of the block stones.

4. The river bypass water purification wetland system according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of second groynes are arranged in the drainage purification section in a staggered manner in sequence and form an S-shaped second water purification channel. The drainage outlet of the second water purification channel is connected to the main river channel and is located downstream of the inlet of the diversion channel.

5. The river bypass water purification wetland system according to claim 4, wherein, Purification plants are planted on the backwater side of both the first groyne and the second groyne.

6. The river bypass water purification wetland system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The included angle between the first groyne and the center line of the diversion channel is 60°.

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