A temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument and measuring method

Abstract

The present invention provides a temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument and a measuring method. By using mechanical structures such as a bilinear resistance wire, a guiding pulley, a wire-winding pulley, a differential displacement transmission bracket, a sliding contact piece, and a plumb bob, the sliding and settlement displacements of the slope are transmitted through a steel wire cable, converted into a differential voltage change value, and collected and recorded by an internally installed voltage measurement circuit module, eliminating the measurement error caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the cable due to environmental factors such as temperature changes, and realizing the function of unattended slope displacement measurement after slope treatment; the installation process of the present invention is non-destructive to the slope, and the operating conditions are simple, being suitable for unattended operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of slope displacement measurement, and particularly relates to a temperature self-compensated wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument and a measuring method. Background Art

[0002] The collapse of unstable slopes will lead to serious geological disasters. In order to reduce the harm caused by slopes, the slopes after treatment need to be monitored for a long time to obtain the displacement change values of slope sliding and settlement, so as to provide a reliable data basis for subsequent slope treatment.

[0003] At present, the displacement monitoring of slopes mainly adopts remote sensing image monitoring methods such as total station and mapping radar; for slope settlement, methods such as borehole stress detectors are used. These detection methods can all achieve the purpose of monitoring slope displacement, but these two methods have the following disadvantages: for the remote sensing image mapping method, although all-weather monitoring can be achieved, due to the precision of the equipment, a relatively good equipment installation environment, relevant power supply conditions and living facilities for testers are required, which cannot provide supporting facilities in many field slopes, and actually cannot achieve long-term monitoring and cannot reach the detection purpose; for monitoring methods such as borehole stress detectors, they need to be built together with anti-slide piles during the civil construction process at the initial stage of slope treatment and buried in the slope body. For slopes that do not consider this scheme during the initial construction, this method cannot be used for monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a product for realizing unattended slope displacement measurement function after slope treatment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument, comprising a steel wire cable, a wire-winding pulley, a lower guiding pulley, a weight, a differential displacement transmission bracket, a lower linear resistance wire, an upper linear resistance wire, a lower sliding contact piece and an upper sliding contact piece; one end of the steel wire cable is fixedly connected to the point to be measured on the slope, and the other end bypasses the wire-winding pulley and is fixedly connected to the weight after changing the direction through the lower guiding pulley; a differential displacement transmission bracket is arranged between the wire-winding pulley and the lower guiding pulley, and the differential displacement transmission bracket includes opposite column 1 and column 2, and both column 1 and column 2 are vertically fixed; the upper linear resistance wire and the lower linear resistance wire are respectively stretched and fixed between column 1 and column 2, the upper linear resistance wire is parallel to the steel wire cable between the point to be measured on the slope and the wire-winding pulley, and the lower linear resistance wire is parallel to the steel wire cable between the wire-winding pulley and the lower guiding pulley; the upper sliding contact piece is fixed on the steel wire cable between the point to be measured on the slope and the wire-winding pulley, and the fixing point is insulated; the upper sliding contact piece is movably connected and conducts with the upper linear resistance wire; the lower sliding contact piece is fixed on the steel wire cable between the wire-winding pulley and the lower guiding pulley, and the fixing point is insulated; the lower sliding contact piece is movably connected and conducts with the lower linear resistance wire.

[0006] According to the above solution, it further includes a sliding rod, the sliding rod is fixed between column 1 and column 2, and the upper sliding contact piece and the lower sliding contact piece are respectively movably connected to the sliding rod, and the connection points are insulated.

[0007] Furthermore, the sliding rod is parallel to the horizontal plane, the lower linear resistance wire and the upper linear resistance wire are respectively parallel to the sliding rod, and the distances from the lower linear resistance wire and the upper linear resistance wire to the sliding rod are equal.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower sliding contact piece and the upper sliding contact piece are respectively perpendicular to the sliding rod.

[0009] According to the above solution, it further includes an upper guiding pulley, one end of the steel wire cable is fixedly connected to the point to be measured on the slope, and after changing the direction through the upper guiding pulley, it bypasses the wire-winding pulley.

[0010] According to the above solution, it further includes a power supply module with at least dual-channel voltage output, the positive and negative poles of the first-channel power output terminal of the power supply module are respectively conductively connected to both ends of the upper linear resistance wire, and the positive and negative poles of the second-channel power output terminal of the power supply module are respectively conductively connected to both ends of the lower linear resistance wire.

[0011] Furthermore, it further includes a voltage acquisition module with at least two voltage acquisition ports, the first voltage acquisition port of the voltage acquisition module is conductively connected to the upper sliding contact piece, and the second voltage acquisition port of the voltage acquisition module is conductively connected to the lower sliding contact piece.

[0012] Further, it further includes a protective shell. All components of the measuring instrument are installed inside the protective shell, and the measuring points to be measured on the slope are outside the protective shell. One end of the steel wire cable is fixedly connected to the measuring point to be measured on the slope, and after passing through the protective shell, it is coiled subsequently.

[0013] A voltage measuring method for temperature self-compensated cable-type slope displacement includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: Apply a constant voltage value of U to the upper linear resistance wire and the lower linear resistance wire respectively;

[0015] S2: Define that in the initial state, when the temperature is T0, the length of the steel wire cable from the measuring point to be measured on the slope to the upper sliding contact piece is L1, and the length of the steel wire cable from the measuring point to be measured on the slope to the lower sliding contact piece is L2; Let the voltage value at the contact point of the upper sliding contact piece in contact with the upper linear resistance wire be U1, and the voltage value at the contact point of the lower sliding contact piece in contact with the lower linear resistance wire be U2; Let the linear resistivity of the linear resistance wire be λ, the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel wire cable be α, the temperature value when the measuring point to be measured on the slope changes in displacement be T. When the measuring point to be measured on the slope has a displacement change value of ΔL, the voltage change value ΔU1 of the upper sliding contact piece and the voltage change value ΔU2 of the lower sliding contact piece are respectively

[0016]

[0017]

[0018] S3: The displacement change amount ΔL of the measuring point to be measured on the slope is

[0019]

[0020] A resistance measuring method for temperature self-compensated cable-type slope displacement includes the following steps:

[0021] S1: Use a precision resistance tester to measure the resistance R1 between the contact point of the upper sliding contact piece and the upper linear resistance wire and the contact point of the upper linear resistance wire and the column 1 of the differential displacement transmission bracket, and the resistance R2 between the contact point of the lower sliding contact piece and the lower linear resistance wire and the contact point of the lower linear resistance wire and the column 1 of the differential displacement transmission bracket respectively;

[0022] S2: Define that in the initial state, when the temperature is T0, the length of the steel wire cable from the measuring point to be measured on the slope to the upper sliding contact piece is L1, and the length of the steel wire cable from the measuring point to be measured on the slope to the lower sliding contact piece is L2; The thermal expansion coefficient of the steel wire cable is α, the temperature value when the measuring point to be measured on the slope changes in displacement is T. When the measuring point to be measured on the slope has a displacement change value of ΔL, the resistance change value ΔR1 of the upper sliding contact piece and the resistance change value ΔR2 of the lower sliding contact piece are respectively

[0023] ΔR1 = ΔL + α(T - T0)·L1,

[0024] ΔR2 = ΔL + α(T - T0)·L2;

[0025] S3: The displacement change ΔL of the point to be measured on the slope is

[0026]

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. A product of the present invention adopts mechanical structures such as a bilinear resistance wire, a guide pulley, a wire winding pulley, a differential displacement transmission bracket, a sliding contact piece, and a plumb bob to transmit the sliding and settlement displacements of the slope through a steel wire cable, convert them into differential voltage change values, and collect and record them through a built-in voltage measurement circuit module, eliminating the measurement errors caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the cable due to environmental factors such as temperature changes, and realizing the function of unattended slope displacement measurement after slope treatment.

[0029] 2. The present invention can adopt a longer steel wire cable, which is convenient for the installation and construction of the monitoring site and can ensure the measurement accuracy at the same time.

[0030] 3. The present invention can be installed after slope treatment, and the installation process has no destructive effect on the slope and has no installation conditions.

[0031] 4. The instrument of the present invention has a simple structure and low power consumption, can be powered by a solar panel, realizes all-weather unattended monitoring, and has low requirements for on-site monitoring conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 is the front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 is the variable diagram of the measurement process of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Protective shell; 2. Steel wire cable; 3. Lower guide pulley; 4. Upper guide pulley; 5. Differential displacement transmission bracket; 6. Lower linear resistance wire; 7. Lower sliding contact piece; 8. Sliding rod; 9. Upper linear resistance wire; 10. Upper sliding contact piece; 11. Wire winding pulley; 12. Plumb bob. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] See Figure 1, embodiments of the present invention include a protective shell 1, a steel wire cable 2, a wire winding pulley 11, an upper guiding pulley 4, a lower guiding pulley 3, a weight 12, a differential displacement transmission bracket 5, a sliding rod 8, a lower linear resistance wire 6, an upper linear resistance wire 9, a lower sliding contact piece 7, an upper sliding contact piece 10, a power supply module with a dual-channel voltage output, and a voltage acquisition module with two voltage acquisition ports;

[0037] One end of the steel wire cable 2 is fixedly connected to the measurement point of the slope, which can be the top of the anti-slide pile or a steel drill inserted into the slope; the other end passes through the protective shell 1, changes direction through the upper guiding pulley 4, then bypasses the wire winding pulley 11, and after changing direction through the lower guiding pulley 3, is fixedly connected to the weight 12 and is tightened by the weight;

[0038] A differential displacement transmission bracket 5 is provided between the wire winding pulley 11 and the lower guiding pulley 3. The differential displacement transmission bracket 5 includes opposite columns 1 and 2, and both columns 1 and 2 are vertically fixed; the upper linear resistance wire 9 and the lower linear resistance wire 6 are respectively stretched and fixed between columns 1 and 2. The upper linear resistance wire 9 is parallel to the steel wire cable 2 between the measurement point of the slope and the wire winding pulley 11, and the lower linear resistance wire 6 is parallel to the steel wire cable 2 between the wire winding pulley 11 and the lower guiding pulley 3;

[0039] The upper sliding contact piece 10 is fixed on the steel wire cable 2 between the measurement point of the slope and the wire winding pulley 11, and the fixed point is insulated; the upper sliding contact piece 10 is movably connected and conducts with the upper linear resistance wire 9; the lower sliding contact piece 7 is fixed on the steel wire cable 2 between the wire winding pulley 11 and the lower guiding pulley 3, and the fixed point is insulated; the lower sliding contact piece 7 is movably connected and conducts with the lower linear resistance wire 6.

[0040] The sliding rod 8 is fixed between columns 1 and 2. The upper sliding contact piece 10 and the lower sliding contact piece 7 are respectively movably connected to the sliding rod 8, and the connection points are insulated; the sliding rod 8 is parallel to the horizontal plane. The lower linear resistance wire 6 and the upper linear resistance wire 9 are respectively parallel to the sliding rod 8, and the distances from the lower linear resistance wire 6 and the upper linear resistance wire 9 to the sliding rod 8 are equal; the lower sliding contact piece 7 and the upper sliding contact piece 10 are respectively perpendicular to the sliding rod 8.

[0041] The positive and negative poles of the first power output terminal of the power supply module are respectively conductively connected to both ends of the upper linear resistance wire 9, and the positive and negative poles of the second power output terminal of the power supply module are respectively conductively connected to both ends of the lower linear resistance wire 6.

[0042] The first voltage acquisition port of the voltage acquisition module is conductively connected to the upper sliding contact piece 10, and the second voltage acquisition port of the voltage acquisition module is conductively connected to the lower sliding contact piece 7.

[0043] All components of the measuring instrument are installed inside the protective housing 1 to protect the components from environmental factors.

[0044] Apply a constant voltage to two linear resistance wires respectively. When the displacement of the measuring point on the slope changes, under the restoring force of the weight, the displacement change amount will drive two sliding contact pieces to slide left and right on the upper and lower linear resistance wires and the sliding rod through the steel wire pull wire, generating a differential voltage change value corresponding to the displacement change. By measuring the instantaneous voltage values of the upper and lower sliding contact pieces on the two linear resistance wires through the supporting voltage acquisition circuit module, the displacement change value of the measuring point can be measured, and at the same time, the displacement measurement error caused by the environmental temperature change can be eliminated.

[0045] A voltage-type measuring method for temperature self-compensated pull wire type slope displacement includes the following steps:

[0046] S1: Apply a constant voltage value of U to the upper linear resistance wire 9 and the lower linear resistance wire 6 respectively;

[0047] S2: Define that in the initial state, when the temperature is T0, the length of the steel wire pull wire 2 from the measuring point on the slope to the upper sliding contact piece 10 is L1, and the length of the steel wire pull wire 2 from the measuring point on the slope to the lower sliding contact piece 7 is L2; Let the voltage value of the contact point of the upper sliding contact piece 10 in contact with the upper linear resistance wire 9 be U1, and the voltage value of the contact point of the lower sliding contact piece 7 in contact with the lower linear resistance wire 6 be U2; Let the linear resistivity of the linear resistance wire be λ, the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel wire pull wire 2 be α, and the temperature value when the displacement of the measuring point on the slope changes be T. When the displacement change value of ΔL occurs at the measuring point on the slope, the voltage change values ΔU1 and ΔU2 of the upper sliding contact piece 10 and the lower sliding contact piece 7 are respectively

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] S3: The displacement change amount ΔL of the measuring point on the slope is

[0051]

[0052] A resistance-type measuring method for temperature self-compensated pull wire type slope displacement includes the following steps:

[0053] S1: Use a precision resistance tester to measure the resistance R1 from the contact point of the upper sliding contact piece 10 and the upper linear resistance wire 9 to the contact point of the upper linear resistance wire 9 and the column 1 of the differential displacement transmission bracket 5, and the resistance R2 from the contact point of the lower sliding contact piece 7 and the lower linear resistance wire 6 to the contact point of the lower linear resistance wire 6 and the column 1 of the differential displacement transmission bracket 5 respectively;

[0054] S2: Define that in the initial state, when the temperature is T0, the length of the steel wire cable 2 from the measuring point on the slope to the upper sliding contact piece 10 is L1, and the length of the steel wire cable 2 from the measuring point on the slope to the lower sliding contact piece 7 is L2; the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel wire cable 2 is α, the temperature value when the displacement of the measuring point on the slope changes is T, and when the measuring point on the slope has a displacement change value of ΔL, the resistance change values ΔR1 of the upper sliding contact piece 10 and ΔR2 of the lower sliding contact piece 7 are respectively

[0055] ΔR1 = ΔL + α(T - T0)·L1,

[0056] ΔR2 = ΔL + α(T - T0)·L2;

[0057] S3: The displacement change amount ΔL of the measuring point on the slope is

[0058]

[0059] After the displacement change amount of the measuring point is converted by the instrument, it is only related to the lengths L1 and L2 of the steel wire cable 2 and the voltage change amount at a certain temperature T0, and is not related to the temperature change amount. That is, the temperature compensation can be automatically carried out through the present invention to eliminate the error caused by temperature. During the on-site use process, only the lengths of L1 and L2 need to be accurately measured at room temperature and marked, and during the installation and construction, the installation can be fixed according to the marks to meet the measurement requirements.

[0060] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the design idea and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the principles and design ideas disclosed by the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage-based displacement measurement method for a temperature self-compensated wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S0: Set up a temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument, including a steel wire guy line (2), a wire winding pulley (11), a lower guiding pulley (3), a weight (12), a differential displacement transmission bracket (5), a lower linear resistance wire (6), an upper linear resistance wire (9), a lower sliding contact piece (7), and an upper sliding contact piece (10); One end of the steel wire guy line (2) is fixedly connected to the measuring point of the slope to be measured, and the other end bypasses the wire winding pulley (11), and after changing the direction through the lower guiding pulley (3), it is fixedly connected to the weight (12); A differential displacement transmission bracket (5) is provided between the wire winding pulley (11) and the lower guiding pulley (3). The differential displacement transmission bracket (5) includes opposite column 1 and column 2, and both column 1 and column 2 are vertically fixed; the upper linear resistance wire (9) and the lower linear resistance wire (6) are respectively stretched and fixed between column 1 and column 2. The upper linear resistance wire (9) is parallel to the steel wire guy line (2) between the measuring point of the slope to be measured and the wire winding pulley (11), and the lower linear resistance wire (6) is parallel to the steel wire guy line (2) between the wire winding pulley (11) and the lower guiding pulley (3); The upper sliding contact piece (10) is fixed on the steel wire guy line (2) between the measuring point of the slope to be measured and the wire winding pulley (11), and the fixing point is insulated; the upper sliding contact piece (10) is movably connected and conducts with the upper linear resistance wire (9); The lower sliding contact piece (7) is fixed on the steel wire guy line (2) between the wire winding pulley (11) and the lower guiding pulley (3), and the fixing point is insulated; the lower sliding contact piece (7) is movably connected and conducts with the lower linear resistance wire (6); S1: Apply a constant voltage value of U to the upper linear resistance wire (9) and the lower linear resistance wire (6) respectively; S2: Define that in the initial state, when the temperature is T0, the length of the steel wire guy line (2) from the measuring point of the slope to the upper sliding contact piece (10) is L1, and the length of the steel wire guy line (2) from the measuring point of the slope to the lower sliding contact piece (7) is L2; let the voltage value of the contact point of the upper sliding contact piece (10) in contact with the upper linear resistance wire (9) be U1, and the voltage value of the contact point of the lower sliding contact piece (7) in contact with the lower linear resistance wire (6) be U2; let the linear resistivity of the linear resistance wire be λ, the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel wire guy line (2) be α, the temperature value when the displacement of the measuring point of the slope changes be T, when the displacement change value of the measuring point of the slope is ΔL, the voltage change value ΔU1 of the upper sliding contact piece (10) and the voltage change value ΔU2 of the lower sliding contact piece (7) are respectively S3: The displacement change amount ΔL of the measuring point of the slope is 2. The voltage-based displacement measurement method of a temperature self-compensated wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument further includes a sliding rod (8). The sliding rod (8) is fixed between column 1 and column 2. The upper sliding contact piece (10) and the lower sliding contact piece (7) are respectively movably connected to the sliding rod (8), and the connection points are insulated.

3. The voltage displacement measurement method of a temperature self-compensated wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding rod (8) is parallel to the horizontal plane. The lower linear resistance wire (6), the upper linear resistance wire (9) and the sliding rod (8) are respectively parallel, and the distances from the lower linear resistance wire (6) and the upper linear resistance wire (9) to the sliding rod (8) are equal.

4. A voltage-based displacement measurement method for a temperature self-compensated cable-type slope displacement measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower sliding contact piece (7) and the upper sliding contact piece (10) are respectively perpendicular to the sliding rod (8).

5. The voltage displacement measurement method of a temperature self-compensated wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument further includes an upper guiding pulley (4). One end of the wire guy (2) is fixedly connected to the measuring point of the slope to be measured. After changing the direction through the upper guiding pulley (4), it bypasses the wire winding pulley (11).

6. The voltage displacement measurement method of a temperature self-compensated wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument further includes a power supply module with at least dual-channel voltage output. The positive and negative poles of the first power output terminal of the power supply module are respectively conductively connected to both ends of the upper linear resistance wire (9), and the positive and negative poles of the second power output terminal of the power supply module are respectively conductively connected to both ends of the lower linear resistance wire (6).

7. A voltage-based displacement measurement method for a temperature self-compensated wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument further includes a voltage acquisition module with at least two voltage acquisition ports. The first voltage acquisition port of the voltage acquisition module is conductively connected to the upper sliding contact piece (10), and the second voltage acquisition port of the voltage acquisition module is conductively connected to the lower sliding contact piece (7).

8. A voltage displacement measurement method for a temperature self-compensated wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument further includes a protective shell (1). Each component of the measuring instrument is installed inside the protective shell (1). The measuring point of the slope to be measured is outside the protective shell (1). One end of the wire guy (2) is fixedly connected to the measuring point of the slope to be measured and winds around after passing through the protective shell (1).

9. A resistive displacement measurement method for a temperature self-compensated wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S0: Set the temperature self-compensating wire-pulling type slope displacement measuring instrument as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; S1: Use a precision resistance tester to measure the resistance R1 between the contact point of the upper sliding contact piece (10) and the upper linear resistance wire (9) and the contact point of the upper linear resistance wire (9) and the column 1 of the differential displacement transmission bracket (5), and the resistance R2 between the contact point of the lower sliding contact piece (7) and the lower linear resistance wire (6) and the contact point of the lower linear resistance wire (6) and the column 1 of the differential displacement transmission bracket (5); S2: Define that in the initial state, when the temperature is T0, the length of the wire guy (2) from the measuring point of the slope to the upper sliding contact piece (10) is L1, and the length of the wire guy (2) from the measuring point of the slope to the lower sliding contact piece (7) is L2; the thermal expansion coefficient of the wire guy (2) is α, the temperature value when the displacement of the measuring point of the slope changes is T, and when the measuring point of the slope has a displacement change value of ΔL, the resistance change values ΔR1 and ΔR2 of the upper sliding contact piece (10) are respectively ΔR1 = ΔL + α(T - T0)·L1, ΔR2 = ΔL + α(T - T0)·L2; S3: The displacement change amount ΔL of the measuring point of the slope is

Images