An intramedullary positioning device for the knee joint

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices and discloses a knee joint intramedullary positioning device. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device includes a hollow rotating shaft and the following components sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft in sequence: an angle positioning end cover, which is fixedly connected to the hollow rotating shaft; a rotating handle assembly, which is rotatably connected to the hollow rotating shaft, and a first end of the rotating handle assembly is configured to be able to connect to and disconnect from the angle positioning end cover so that the rotating handle assembly can rotate and be positioned relative to the angle positioning end cover; a positioning plate, which is swingably connected to the hollow rotating shaft, and a second end of the rotating handle assembly is in sliding contact with the positioning plate. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device of the present invention can simplify the surgical procedure and improve the surgical accuracy, thereby improving the success rate of the surgery to make up for the defects in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a knee joint intramedullary positioning device. Background Art

[0002] The knee joint intramedullary positioning device is a necessary instrument in knee joint surface replacement surgery. The existing knee joint intramedullary positioning devices mainly include four components, namely an intramedullary locator, an angulator, a distal osteotomy guide, and a distal osteotomy locator, and all four components are separate components.

[0003] When the existing knee joint intramedullary positioning device is used, appropriate assembly is required according to the osteotomy condition of the distal femur. This results in the following disadvantages of the existing knee joint intramedullary positioning device: 1) When assembling the existing knee joint intramedullary positioning device, not only does the doctor or assistant need to be clear about the osteotomy condition, but also they are required to master the structure of each component and the mutual cooperation relationship between the components, thus directly increasing the difficulty of using the knee joint intramedullary positioning device; 2) Since it needs to be assembled temporarily before use, it is difficult to ensure a tight fit in terms of structure, which makes it inevitable to have a certain error when measuring with it, thus leading to a reduction in the surgical precision; 3) The selection of the angulator in the existing technology is relatively single and cannot be adjusted differently according to different patients, so it is difficult to achieve the precision required for the surgery; 4) The angulator in the existing technology has a left and right distinction, which makes it necessary to pay special attention to the left and right angulators during installation to avoid the problem of reverse osteotomy caused by reverse installation.

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, those skilled in the art urgently need to seek a knee joint intramedullary positioning device that can simplify the surgical procedure, improve the surgical precision, and thus improve the success rate of the surgery to make up for the defects in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve all or part of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a knee joint intramedullary positioning device, which can simplify the surgical procedure, improve the surgical precision, and thus improve the success rate of the surgery to make up for the defects in the existing technology.

[0006] The intramedullary knee joint positioning device includes a hollow rotating shaft and the following components sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft in sequence: an angle positioning end cover which is fixedly connected to the hollow rotating shaft; a rotating handle assembly which is rotatably connected to the hollow rotating shaft, and the first end of the rotating handle assembly is configured to be able to connect to and disconnect from the angle positioning end cover so that the rotating handle assembly can rotate and be positioned relative to the angle positioning end cover; a positioning plate which is swingably connected to the hollow rotating shaft, and the second end of the rotating handle assembly is in sliding contact with the positioning plate. Among them, the intramedullary knee joint positioning device is arranged such that when the rotating handle assembly rotates relative to the angle positioning end cover, the rotating handle assembly can drive the positioning plate to swing relative to the hollow rotating shaft through the second end to change the swing angle of the positioning plate, and when the rotating handle assembly is positioned relative to the angle positioning end cover, the rotating handle assembly can limit the positioning plate through the second end.

[0007] Further, the positioning plate includes: a plate body sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft, and a strip-shaped through hole for sleeving on the hollow rotating shaft is formed in the plate body along its thickness direction, and the strip-shaped through hole is located at the central position of the plate body; and a fixed rotating shaft inserted into the plate body along the height direction of the plate body, the fixed rotating shaft is located at the central position of the plate body, and the fixed rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the hollow rotating shaft. Among them, the length of the strip-shaped through hole is greater than the outer diameter size of the hollow rotating shaft, and the width of the strip-shaped through hole is equal to the outer diameter size of the hollow rotating shaft.

[0008] Further, two receiving grooves are formed on the side surface of the plate body opposite to the rotating handle assembly along the width direction of the plate body, the two receiving grooves are located on both sides of the hollow rotating shaft and are in the same plane as the axis of the hollow rotating shaft, and the surface of the rotating handle assembly in contact with the positioning plate is configured as an inclined surface. Among them, the positioning plate further includes balls arranged in the two receiving grooves and in contact with the inclined surface, so that after the rotating handle changes the swing angle of the positioning plate through the inclined surface, the positioning plate can be positioned through the inclined surface and the two balls.

[0009] Further, the rotating handle assembly includes: a cylindrical shell sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft, and an opening groove is formed on the side wall of the cylindrical shell; and a positioning component connected in the opening groove and capable of sliding relative to the opening groove. Among them, the positioning component is arranged such that under the action of an external force, it can move towards the cylindrical shell so that the rotating handle assembly can disconnect from the angle positioning end cover; when the external force disappears, it can move away from the cylindrical shell so that the rotating handle assembly can connect to the angle positioning end cover.

[0010] Further, the positioning assembly includes: a pressing portion slidably connected in the opening groove; an elastic member elastically abutted between the pressing portion and the bottom of the opening groove; and a clamping plate having one end connected to the pressing portion and the other end extending into the angular positioning end cap. The angular positioning end cap is configured as a circular groove structure sleeved on the end of the cylindrical housing, and a plurality of angular grooves for cooperating with the clamping plate are formed at equal intervals on the inner side wall of the angular positioning end cap. Wherein, the positioning assembly is arranged such that under the action of an external force, the pressing portion can drive the clamping plate to disengage from the angular groove, so that the handle body can rotate relative to the angular positioning end cap, and in the state where the external force is released, the elastic member can reset the pressing portion, so that the pressing portion drives the clamping plate to be clamped in the angular groove.

[0011] Further, scale marks are also formed on the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical housing. The scale marks include: a zero scale line, and the clamping plate is located at a position corresponding to the zero scale line; and scale lines symmetrically increasing respectively from both sides with the zero scale line as a reference. A reference line is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the angular positioning end cap, and the angular grooves are symmetrically formed in the angular positioning end cap along the reference line. Wherein, at the initial position of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device, the zero scale line corresponds to the reference line, and each scale line corresponds to each angular groove one by one.

[0012] Further, a blind hole with an axis parallel to the axis of the hollow rotating shaft is formed on the side surface of the cylindrical housing opposite to the angular positioning end cap. The rotating handle assembly further includes a spherical pin partially fixed in the blind hole and a spring elastically abutted between the blind hole and the spherical pin. A groove cooperating with the spherical pin is formed in the angular positioning end cap. Wherein, when the spherical pin is located in the groove, the zero scale line is aligned with the reference line.

[0013] Further, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device further includes an intramedullary rod passing through the hollow rotating shaft and connected to the medullary cavity of the human body. The hollow rotating shaft includes: an annular flange formed on the outer peripheral wall of the hollow rotating shaft for limiting the angular positioning end cap; and a clamping portion formed at one end of the hollow rotating shaft close to the annular flange for clamping the intramedullary rod. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device further includes a locking member sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft and cooperating with the annular clamping portion.

[0014] Further, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device further includes an operating handle detachably connected to the intramedullary rod. The operating handle includes a holding section and a clamping section connected to the holding section for detachably connecting the intramedullary rod. Wherein, the length direction of the holding section forms an angle with the axis of the hollow rotating shaft.

[0015] Further, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device further includes an osteotomy plate detachably connected to the positioning plate. Wherein, two insertion holes penetrating through the positioning plate are formed in the height direction of the positioning plate, and the two insertion holes are located on both sides of the hollow rotating shaft. Insertion rods cooperating with the two insertion holes are formed on the osteotomy plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device of the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1) The knee joint intramedullary positioning device of the embodiment of the present invention omits the assembly steps during osteotomy in the prior art, which directly and effectively shortens the operation time, simplifies the operation steps, thereby effectively improving the operation success rate and reducing the pain of patients;

[0018] 2) The knee joint intramedullary positioning device of the embodiment of the present invention changes the swing angle of the positioning plate by rotating the rotating handle assembly, increasing the angle adjustment range of the valgus angle, so that the fixed angle adjustment degree in the prior art is upgraded to be able to adjust the angle according to the different needs of patients, thereby effectively improving the operation accuracy;

[0019] 3) The knee joint intramedullary positioning device of the embodiment of the present invention is an integrated operation, thus effectively avoiding the problem of low osteotomy accuracy caused by the unstable assembly of the four mating parts of the femoral distal osteotome in the prior art;

[0020] 4) The knee joint intramedullary positioning device of the embodiment of the present invention can also effectively expand the adjustment range of the valgus angle by changing the matching accuracy between adjacent clamping plates and angle grooves, so that the knee joint intramedullary positioning device of the embodiment of the present invention can have more femoral valgus angles to choose from, meeting the clinical needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a top view of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device shown, where the operating handle and the osteotomy plate are not shown;

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device shown, where the operating handle and the osteotomy plate are not shown;

[0024] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the positioning plate shown;

[0025] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the rotating handle assembly shown;

[0026] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the rotating handle assembly shown;

[0027] Figure 7 As Figure 1 shown in the schematic connection diagram of the rotary handle assembly and the angle positioning end cover, in which the schematic connection diagram of the clamping plate and the angle groove is shown;

[0028] Figure 8 As Figure 1 shown in the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the angle positioning end cover. Specific embodiments

[0029] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the following further describes in detail a knee joint intramedullary positioning device of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figures 1 to 3 shows the structure of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 includes a hollow rotating shaft 1 and the following components sequentially sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft 1: an angle positioning end cover 2, which is fixedly connected to the hollow rotating shaft 1; a rotary handle assembly 3, which is rotatably connected to the hollow rotating shaft 1, and the first end of the rotary handle assembly 3 is configured to be able to connect to and disconnect from the angle positioning end cover 2 so that the rotary handle assembly 3 can rotate and be positioned relative to the angle positioning end cover 2; a positioning plate 4, which is swingably connected to the hollow rotating shaft 1, and the second end of the rotary handle assembly 3 is in sliding contact with the positioning plate 4. Among them, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 is configured such that when the rotary handle assembly 3 rotates relative to the angle positioning end cover 2, the rotary handle assembly 3 can drive the positioning plate 4 to swing relative to the hollow rotating shaft 1 through the second end to change the swing angle of the positioning plate 4, and when the rotary handle assembly 3 is positioned relative to the angle positioning end cover 2, the rotary handle assembly 3 can limit the positioning plate 4 through the second end.

[0031] When the intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is in use, first, locate the opening point of the medullary cavity. For example, it is usually at 8-10 mm in front of the attachment point of the cruciate ligament. Then use a femoral drill to open the femoral medullary cavity. Insert the intramedullary rod 5 into the hollow rotating shaft 1 and fix it to the hollow rotating shaft 1 to connect the intramedullary rod 5 with the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100. Before using the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100, the appropriate femoral valgus angle can be determined according to the preoperative interpretation of the X-ray film. After determining the appropriate femoral valgus angle, adjust the swing angle of the positioning plate 4 of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted here that the femoral valgus angle is essentially equivalent to the angle of the positioning plate 4 relative to the center line of the intramedullary rod 5. The extending direction of the intramedullary rod 5 is the anatomical axis of the femur, and the direction perpendicular to the positioning plate 4 is the mechanical axis. During adjustment, in combination with the determined valgus angle, rotate the handle assembly 3 to change the swing angle of the positioning plate 4 to the same position as the valgus angle, and then connect the handle assembly 3 with the angle positioning end cover 2 to position the positioning plate 4. Slowly insert the intramedullary rod 5 into the femoral medullary cavity until the positioning plate 4 fits against the femoral distal bone surface, and then drive in the fixing nail to help stably connect the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 with the femur. Then, after installing the osteotomy plate on the positioning plate 4, the subsequent osteotomy work can be carried out.

[0032] With the above settings, compared with the prior art, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] 1) The knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention omits the assembly steps during osteotomy in the prior art, which directly and effectively shortens the operation time, simplifies the operation steps, thus effectively improving the operation success rate and reducing the pain of the patient;

[0034] 2) The knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention changes the swing angle of the positioning plate 4 by rotating the handle assembly 3, increasing the angle adjustment range of the valgus angle, so that the fixed angle adjustment degree in the prior art is upgraded to be able to adjust the angle according to the different needs of patients, and thus effectively improves the operation accuracy;

[0035] 3) The knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is an integrated operation, thus effectively avoiding the problem of low osteotomy accuracy caused by the unstable assembly of the four mating parts of the femoral distal osteotome in the prior art.

[0036] It should be noted that before using the intramedullary positioning device 100 for the knee joint, preparatory work needs to be done for the distal femoral osteotomy surgery. This includes: taking a full-length standing X-ray of the lower limb. The straight line passing through the center of the femoral medullary cavity and the midpoint of the knee joint is the anatomical axis of the femur; the line connecting the center of the femoral head and the midpoint of the knee joint is the mechanical axis. The angle between these two axes is the valgus angle, which is the adjustment angle of the positioning plate 4 we need. The size of the bilateral knee joint valgus angle must be measured before surgery. The size of the valgus angle is usually between 3° and 8°. Therefore, for a specific case, the most suitable valgus osteotomy angle needs to be determined before performing the distal femoral osteotomy.

[0037] In Figure 4 the preferred embodiment shown, the positioning plate 4 may include: a plate body 41 sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft 1. A strip-shaped through hole 42 for sleeving on the hollow rotating shaft 1 is formed in the plate body 41 along its thickness direction. The strip-shaped through hole 42 is located at the center position of the plate body 41; and a fixed rotating shaft 43 inserted into the plate body 41 along the height direction of the plate body 41 (as shown in combination with Figure 2 ). The fixed rotating shaft 43 is located at the center position of the plate body 41 and is fixedly connected to the hollow rotating shaft 1. Among them, the length of the strip-shaped through hole 42 is greater than the outer diameter size of the hollow rotating shaft 1, and the width of the strip-shaped through hole 42 is equal to the outer diameter size of the hollow rotating shaft 1.

[0038] Through the above settings, the swinging effect of the positioning plate 4 relative to the hollow rotating shaft 1 can be effectively achieved. Specifically, the length of the strip-shaped through hole 42 is greater than the outer diameter size of the hollow rotating shaft 1, and the width of the strip-shaped through hole 42 is equal to the outer diameter size of the hollow rotating shaft 1. After the plate body 41 is sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft 1, it can move along the length direction of the strip-shaped through hole 42, and due to the margin between the strip-shaped through hole 42 and the outer diameter size of the hollow rotating shaft 1, the plate body 41 can swing relative to the hollow rotating shaft 1. In this embodiment, after the fixed rotating shaft 43 inserted into the plate body 41 along the height direction of the plate body 41 is connected to the hollow rotating shaft 1, the movement of the plate body 41 along the length direction of the strip-shaped through hole 42 is restricted, so that the plate body 41 can only achieve the swinging effect.

[0039] It should be noted that since the intramedullary rod 5 needs to be inserted into the hollow rotating shaft 1, the fixed rotating shaft 43 in this embodiment can be understood as two fixed rotating shafts 43 symmetrically arranged in the height direction of the plate body 41 to avoid interfering with the insertion of the intramedullary rod 5.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, two receiving grooves (not shown in the figure) may be formed on the side of the plate body 41 opposite to the rotary handle assembly 3 along the width direction of the plate body 41. The two receiving grooves may be located on both sides of the hollow rotating shaft 1 and in the same plane as the axis of the hollow rotating shaft 1. One side of the rotary handle assembly 3 in contact with the positioning plate 4 may be constructed as an inclined surface 31 (such asFigure 3 As shown in the figure. Among them, the positioning plate 4 may further include balls 412 disposed in the two receiving grooves and abutting against the inclined surface 31, so that after the rotation handle changes the swinging angle of the positioning plate 4 through the inclined surface 31, the positioning plate 4 can be positioned through the inclined surface 31 and the two balls 412. When this embodiment is in use, the surface of the rotation handle assembly 3 that abuts against the positioning plate 4 is configured as an inclined surface 31, so that a certain inclined angle is formed on the surface of the rotation handle assembly 3 that abuts against the positioning plate 4, and the direction of this inclined angle can be changed during the rotation of the rotation handle assembly 3. For example, when the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is in the initial position, the position of the inclined angle of the inclined surface 31 can be located at the position of the fixed rotating shaft 43 of the positioning plate 4. In this way, due to the limitation of the fixed rotating shaft 43, the abutment of the inclined surface 31 and the positioning plate 4 makes the positioning plate 4 located perpendicular to the intramedullary rod 5; as the rotation handle assembly 3 rotates, the position of the inclined angle of the inclined surface 31 gradually changes, so that the position where the inclined surface 31 acts on the positioning plate 4 gradually changes. Therefore, under the combined action of the inclined angle and the fixed rotating shaft 43, the swinging angle of the positioning plate 4 can be changed. In this embodiment, the positioning plate 4 may further include balls 412 disposed in the two receiving grooves and abutting against the inclined surface 31. In this way, after the positioning plate 4 changes its angle, under the combined action of the abutment of the inclined surface 31 and the positioning plate 4 and the two balls 412, the positioning plate 4 is positioned and fixed. Through this setting, the angle adjustment range of the valgus angle can be adjusted under the combined action of the abutment of the inclined surface 31 and the positioning plate 4 and the two balls 412, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the operation.

[0041] In Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the preferred embodiment shown in the figure, the rotation handle assembly 3 may include: a cylindrical housing 32 sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft 1, and an opening groove 321 is formed on the side wall of the cylindrical housing 32; and a positioning assembly 33 connected in the opening groove 321 and capable of sliding relative to the opening groove 321. Among them, the positioning assembly 33 is arranged to be able to move towards the cylindrical housing 32 under the action of an external force, so that the rotation handle assembly 3 can be separated from the angle positioning end cover 2; when the action of the external force disappears, it can move away from the cylindrical housing 32, so that the rotation handle assembly 3 can be connected to the angle positioning end cover 2. Through this setting, the convenience of valgus angle adjustment can be effectively improved, thereby effectively shortening the operation time, simplifying the operation steps, and further effectively improving the operation success rate and reducing the pain of the patient.

[0042] In Figure 5In the preferred embodiment shown, the positioning assembly 33 may include: a pressing portion 331 slidably connected in the opening groove 321; an elastic member 332 elastically abutted between the pressing portion 331 and the bottom of the opening groove 321; and a clamping plate 333 having one end connected to the pressing portion 331 and the other end extending into the angular positioning end cap 2 (in combination with Figure 7 shown); the angular positioning end cap 2 is configured as a circular groove structure sleeved on the end of the cylindrical housing 32, and a plurality of angular grooves 21 for cooperating with the clamping plate 333 are equally spaced on the inner side wall of the angular positioning end cap 2 (in combination with Figure 7 shown). Wherein, the positioning assembly 33 is arranged such that under the action of an external force, the pressing portion 331 can drive the clamping plate 333 out of the angular groove 21, so that the handle body can rotate relative to the angular positioning end cap 2. In the state where the external force is released, the elastic member 332 can reset the pressing portion 331, so that the pressing portion 331 drives the clamping plate 333 to be clamped in the angular groove 21. Wherein, each of the angular grooves 21 represents an angle after calculation. In this way, when it is necessary to adjust to the required angle, only the clamping plate 333 needs to be used in cooperation with the angular groove 21 corresponding to this angle, thereby effectively improving the convenience of adjusting the angle of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, further shortening the operation time, simplifying the operation steps, effectively improving the operation success rate, and reducing the pain of the patient.

[0043] In addition, the clamping cooperation accuracy between the clamping plate 333 and the angular groove 21 can also be specifically defined according to the specific range of the valgus angle and the adjustment accuracy. For example, the adjustment range of the connected angular grooves 21 can be set to 1°, or the adjustment range of the connected angular grooves 21 can be set to 0.5°. Only the cooperation accuracy between the adjacent clamping plate 333 and the angular groove 21 needs to be changed. In this way, the adjustment range of the valgus angle can also be effectively expanded, so that the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can have more femoral valgus angles to choose from to meet the clinical needs.

[0044] Preferably, as Figure 5 shown, the pressing portion 331 can be fixedly connected to the cylindrical housing 32 through a positioning pin. The pressing portion 331 can be configured as a groove structure cooperating with the opening groove 321, and a strip-shaped through hole 42 for passing through the positioning pin is formed on the side wall of the groove structure. Through this setting, the strip-shaped through hole 42 can enable the pressing portion 331 to move relative to the positioning pin along its length direction, thereby realizing the connection between the pressing portion 331 and the cylindrical housing 32.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the opening groove 321 can be configured as a first groove (not shown in the figure) for accommodating the pressing portion 331, and a second groove (not shown in the figure) communicating the first groove with the first end portion, and the second groove is configured for installing and accommodating the clamping plate 333.

[0046] In Figure 5 In the shown preferred embodiment, scale marks 322 can also be formed on the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical housing 32. The scale marks 322 can include: a zero scale line 3221, where the clamping plate 333 is located at a corresponding position of the zero scale line 3221; and scale lines 3222 symmetrically increasing on both sides with the zero scale line 3221 as a reference. A reference line 22 can be formed on the outer peripheral wall of the angle positioning end cap 2, and the angle grooves 21 are symmetrically formed in the angle positioning end cap 2 along the reference line 22. Among them, in the initial position of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100, the zero scale line 3221 corresponds to the reference line 22, and each scale line 3222 corresponds to each angle groove 21 one by one.

[0047] Through the above settings, both sides of the zero scale line 3221 can be set for adjusting the valgus angle of the left and right limbs of the human body, so that the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can adjust the left and right limbs of the human body without replacing components. During use, in the initial position of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100, the zero scale line 3221 corresponds to the reference line 22. At this time, the positioning plate 4 is located at a position perpendicular to the intramedullary rod 5 (i.e., the initial position). By rotating the cylindrical housing 32 along one side of the zero scale line 3221, the reference line 22 on the outer peripheral wall of the angle positioning end cap 2 is aligned with one side of the zero scale line 3221. In this way, during the unilateral adjustment process, the inclined surface 31 also only slides on one side of the fixed rotating shaft 43 of the positioning plate 4, so that only the unilateral swing angle of the positioning plate 4 is changed, and thus it can adapt to the adjustment of the valgus angle of the unilateral limb of the human body. Through this setting, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can parameterize the adjustment of the valgus angle by setting the scale lines 3222, so that the operator can adjust to the required angle more quickly.

[0048] Preferably, in combination with Figure 6 As shown, a blind hole 323 with an axis parallel to the axis of the hollow rotating shaft 1 can be formed on the side surface of the cylindrical housing 32 opposite to the angle positioning end cap 2. The rotating handle assembly 3 can also include a spherical pin 34 partially fixed in the blind hole 323 and a spring 324 elastically abutted between the blind hole 323 and the spherical pin 34. A groove 23 matching with the spherical pin 34 can be formed in the angle positioning end cap 2 (such as Figure 8As shown in the figure. When the spherical pin 34 is located in the groove 23, the zero scale line 3221 is aligned with the reference line 22. Through this setting, by the cooperation of the spherical pin 34 and the groove 23, the accuracy of the alignment between the zero scale line 3221 and the reference line 22 can be effectively improved, thereby improving the accuracy of the valgus angle adjustment of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Return to Figure 3 , preferably, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 may further include an intramedullary rod 5 passing through the hollow rotating shaft 1 and used for connecting with the medullary cavity of the human body. The hollow rotating shaft 1 may include: an annular flange 11 formed on the outer peripheral wall of the hollow rotating shaft 1 for limiting the angular positioning end cover 2; and a clamping portion 12 formed at one end of the hollow rotating shaft 1 close to the annular flange 11 for clamping the intramedullary rod 5. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 may further include a locking member 13 sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft 1 and cooperating with the annular clamping portion 12. Wherein, the locking member 13 is configured to be in a tight fit with the clamping portion 12 and can reduce the size of the opening of the clamping portion 12, thereby realizing the clamping and fixing of the intramedullary rod 5. Through this setting, the fixation of the intramedullary rod 5 can be completed only by sleeving the locking member 13 on the hollow rotating shaft 1 and cooperating with the annular clamping portion 12, and the fixation is more convenient.

[0050] Return to Figure 1 , preferably, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 may further include an operating handle 6 detachably connected to the intramedullary rod 5. The operating handle 6 may include a holding section 62 and a clamping section 61 connected to the holding section 62 and used for detachably connecting the intramedullary rod 5. Wherein, the length direction of the holding section 62 forms an angle with the axis of the hollow rotating shaft 1. Through this setting, the holding direction of the operator can form an angle with the center line of the intramedullary rod 5, which is more in line with human mechanics and improves the comfort of the operator. Of course, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention may also use an operating handle 6 with the length direction of the holding section 62 parallel to the axis of the hollow rotating shaft 1 to be applicable to the use in more clinical environments.

[0051] Preferably, in combination with Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 may further include an osteotomy plate 7 detachably connected to the positioning plate 4. Wherein, two insertion holes 44 penetrating the positioning plate 4 may be formed in the height direction of the positioning plate 4. The two insertion holes 44 are located on both sides of the hollow rotating shaft 1. An insertion rod (not shown in the figure) that is inserted and cooperated with the two insertion holes 44 may be formed on the osteotomy plate 7. Through this setting, the operation of the osteotomy plate 7 detachably connected to the positioning plate 4 is simple. Therefore, after the positioning plate 4 adjusts the angle, only the osteotomy plate 7 needs to be directly installed, and the subsequent osteotomy work can be carried out at the angle positioned by the positioning plate 4, thereby effectively reducing the operation difficulty of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the angle positioning end cap 2, the rotating handle assembly 3, and the locking member 13 of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention can all be processed using plastic materials, thereby effectively reducing the weight of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device 100, and thus being more conducive to its use.

[0053] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "height", "width", "thickness", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "axial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0055] In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A knee joint intramedullary positioning device, characterized in that, Comprising a hollow rotating shaft and, successively sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft: An angular positioning end cap fixedly connected to the hollow rotating shaft; A rotating handle assembly rotatably connected to the hollow rotating shaft, with the first end of the rotating handle assembly configured to be able to connect to and disconnect from the angular positioning end cap, enabling the rotating handle assembly to rotate and be positioned relative to the angular positioning end cap; A positioning plate swingably connected to the hollow rotating shaft, with the second end of the rotating handle assembly slidingly abutting against the positioning plate; Wherein, the knee joint intramedullary positioning device is configured such that when the rotating handle assembly rotates relative to the angular positioning end cap, the rotating handle assembly can drive the positioning plate to swing relative to the hollow rotating shaft through the second end to change the swing angle of the positioning plate, and when the rotating handle assembly is positioned relative to the angular positioning end cap, the rotating handle assembly can limit the positioning plate through the second end; The positioning plate includes: A plate body sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft, with a strip-shaped through hole formed in the plate body along its thickness direction for sleeving on the hollow rotating shaft, and the strip-shaped through hole is located at the center of the plate body; and A fixed rotating shaft inserted into the plate body along the height direction of the plate body, with the fixed rotating shaft located at the center of the plate body and fixedly connected to the hollow rotating shaft; Wherein, the length of the strip-shaped through hole is greater than the outer diameter of the hollow rotating shaft, and the width of the strip-shaped through hole is equal to the outer diameter of the hollow rotating shaft; On the side of the plate body opposite to the rotating handle assembly, two receiving grooves are formed along the width direction of the plate body, with the two receiving grooves located on both sides of the hollow rotating shaft and in the same plane as the axis of the hollow rotating shaft. The surface of the rotating handle assembly abutting against the positioning plate is configured as an inclined surface. Wherein, the positioning plate further includes balls disposed in the two receiving grooves and abutting against the inclined surface, such that after the rotating handle changes the swing angle of the positioning plate through the inclined surface, the positioning plate can be positioned through the inclined surface and the two balls; The knee joint intramedullary positioning device further includes an intramedullary rod passing through the hollow rotating shaft and connected to the medullary cavity of the human body. The hollow rotating shaft includes: an annular flange formed on the outer peripheral wall of the hollow rotating shaft for limiting the angular positioning end cap; and a clamping portion formed at one end of the hollow rotating shaft near the annular flange for clamping the intramedullary rod. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device further includes a locking member sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft and cooperating with the clamping portion; The knee joint intramedullary positioning device further includes an operating handle detachably connected to the intramedullary rod. The operating handle includes a gripping section and a clamping section connected to the gripping section for detachably connecting to the intramedullary rod. Wherein, the length direction of the gripping section forms an angle with the axis of the hollow rotating shaft; The knee joint intramedullary positioning device further includes an osteotomy plate detachably connected to the positioning plate. Wherein, two insertion holes penetrating through the positioning plate are formed in the height direction of the positioning plate, and the two insertion holes are located on both sides of the hollow rotating shaft. Insertion rods are formed on the osteotomy plate and are in plug-in fit with the two insertion holes.

2. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation handle assembly includes: a cylindrical housing sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft, and an opening groove is formed on the side wall of the cylindrical housing; and a positioning assembly connected in the opening groove and capable of sliding relative to the opening groove. Wherein, the positioning assembly is configured to: under the action of an external force, be able to move towards the cylindrical housing so that the rotation handle assembly can be disengaged from the angle positioning end cover; when the external force disappears, be able to move away from the cylindrical housing so that the rotation handle assembly can be connected to the angle positioning end cover.

3. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning assembly includes: a pressing part slidably connected in the opening groove; an elastic member elastically abutted between the pressing part and the bottom of the opening groove; and a clamping plate with one end connected to the pressing part and the other end extending into the angle positioning end cover. The angle positioning end cover is configured as a circular groove structure sleeved on the end of the cylindrical housing, and a plurality of angle grooves for cooperating with the clamping plate are formed at equal intervals on the inner side wall of the angle positioning end cover. Wherein, the positioning assembly is configured to: under the action of an external force, the pressing part can drive the clamping plate to disengage from the angle groove so that the handle body can rotate relative to the angle positioning end cover. In the state where the external force is released, the elastic member can reset the pressing part so that the pressing part drives the clamping plate to be clamped in the angle groove.

4. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Scale marks are further formed on the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical housing. The scale marks include: a zero scale line, and the clamping plate is located at the corresponding position of the zero scale line; and scale lines symmetrically increasing respectively towards both sides with the zero scale line as the reference. A reference line is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the angle positioning end cover, and the angle grooves are symmetrically formed in the angle positioning end cover along the reference line. Wherein, in the initial position of the knee joint intramedullary positioning device, the zero scale line corresponds to the reference line, and each scale line corresponds to each angle groove one by one.

5. The knee joint intramedullary positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A blind hole with an axis parallel to the axis of the hollow rotating shaft is formed on the side surface of the cylindrical housing opposite to the angle positioning end cover. The rotation handle assembly further includes a spherical pin partially fixed in the blind hole and a spring elastically abutted between the blind hole and the spherical pin. A groove cooperating with the spherical pin is formed in the angle positioning end cover. Wherein, when the spherical pin is located in the groove, the zero scale line is aligned with the reference line.

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