Rotary impact composite drilling device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rotary impact composite drilling device, comprising a main frame, a hollow shaft and a driving mechanism inside the main frame, a drill bit mounted on the lower end of the hollow shaft, a large gear mounted on the radial outer side of the hollow shaft, a reducer connected to the bottom of the driving mechanism, the output ends of the two reducers are each provided with a small gear, an impactor is provided on the upper guide of the hollow shaft, the impactor comprises a horizontally arranged guide disk and a hammer core arranged in the middle of the guide disk, the lower end of the hammer core is provided with a hammer head, a downwardly extending guide frame is provided on the guide disk, the lower end of the guide frame is provided with a guide part, the guide part is matched with the inclined guide rail on the outer side surface, inner side surface or upper end surface of the hollow shaft, the top of each inclined guide rail is connected to the bottom end of the adjacent inclined guide rail through a cliff-like vertically extending straight guide rail, the drilling device provided by the present invention has a simple principle and low manufacturing, maintenance and use costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock drilling equipment, and in particular to a rotary impact composite drilling device. Background Art

[0002] In rock drilling construction, the drilling effect of rotary drilling rigs alone is limited. Especially when encountering complex rock formations, it is necessary to assist with percussion drilling, that is, to adopt rotary drilling and percussion drilling alternately to complete the drilling operation of complex rock formations. The drill bits in the existing technology can already achieve the composite operation of rotary drilling and percussion drilling, which greatly facilitates the drilling work of complex rock formations. For example, the Chinese invention patent document with the authorization announcement number CN103277044B provides an SDL pile driving method and a pile drilling rig specifically used for implementing the method. The drilling rig The machine comprises a frame, on which a power head is installed for guiding movement in the up and down directions, the power head is connected to a working drill rod for transmission, a drill bit is installed at the lower end of the working drill rod, and a mechanical impactor for applying vibration impact force to the drill bit is also provided above the drill bit. The mechanical impactor is lifted in the vertical direction by a pull rope controlled by a driving mechanism to store impact force. When drilling, the drill bit is driven by the power head for rotary cutting and drilling, and is impacted and drilled by the impact of the impactor at the same time, thereby improving the drilling force of the drill bit during the punching and drilling process and facilitating the drilling operation.

[0003] However, the above device still has certain problems: the rotating part and the impact part that drive the drill bit to drill are controlled by different driving mechanisms respectively. This dual power source combination has a complex structural principle and high manufacturing, maintenance and use costs. At the same time, in actual operation, it is necessary to start the two power sources separately to realize the punching and drilling function of the drill bit, which reduces the operation efficiency to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary impact composite drilling device to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the drill bit is controlled by a dual power source combination, resulting in complex structural principles and high manufacturing, maintenance and use costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the rotary percussion composite drilling device provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The rotary percussion composite drilling device includes a main frame, a hollow shaft extending vertically therein, and drive mechanisms symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow shaft. A drill bit is mounted on the lower end of the hollow shaft, and a large gear is mounted on the radial outer side of the hollow shaft via a key sleeve. Reducers are connected below the two drive mechanisms, and the output ends of the two reducers are each provided with a small gear. The two small gears are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the large gear and are transmission-connected to the large gear. When the drive mechanism is started, the hollow shaft is driven to rotate through the gear transmission, thereby realizing rotary drilling of the drill bit.

[0007] The upper guide of the hollow shaft is provided with an impactor, and the impactor includes a horizontally arranged guide plate and a hammer core arranged in the middle of the guide plate and extending downward through the hollow shaft, and the lower end of the hammer core is provided with a hammer head, and a downwardly extending guide frame is provided on the guide plate at the outer side of the hammer core, and the lower end of the guide frame is provided with a guide piece, and the guide piece is guided and matched with the outer side surface, inner side surface or upper end surface of the hollow shaft, and the outer side surface, inner side surface or upper end surface of the hollow shaft is circumferentially arranged with a plurality of inclined guide rails extending from bottom to top, and the top end of each inclined guide rail is connected to the bottom end of the adjacent inclined guide rails through a cliff-like vertically extending straight guide rail, so that the hollow shaft drives the drill bit to rotate and drill, and drives the guide piece to move upward to the top end of the inclined guide rail and drives the hammer core upward, and the guide piece falls freely from the straight guide rail, and the hammer core moves downward to impact the drill bit through the hammer head;

[0008] The travel of the inclined guide rail and the straight guide rail meets the requirement that the hammer head can contact and impact the drill bit when the hammer core descends to the bottom end.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the rotary impact composite drilling device provided by the present invention are as follows: when performing rock drilling operations, especially drilling operations in complex rock formations, the driving mechanism is started, and the hollow shaft is driven to rotate cyclically through the transmission cooperation between the small gear and the large gear on the reducer, and the lower end of the hollow shaft drives the drill bit to rotate to realize rotary drilling. At the same time, the guide member of the upper guide cooperation of the hollow shaft moves up to the top along the inclined guide rail under the drive of the hollow shaft and drives the hammer core up to a higher position through the guide plate. Then, the guide member descends along the cliff-like straight guide rail to the bottom end of the adjacent inclined guide rail and is at a higher position. The hammer core falls freely, and the hammer head at the lower end of the hammer core completes an impact on the drill bit. During the circular rotation of the hollow shaft, the drill bit continuously realizes drilling, and the hammer core continuously impacts the drill bit during the reciprocating upward and downward process. Compared with the existing technology, the drilling device provided by the present invention realizes the combined operation of rotary drilling and impact drilling of the drill bit by only controlling the rotation of the hollow shaft with a power source, has low energy consumption, simple mechanism principle in the whole device, low manufacturing, maintenance and use costs, and at the same time, since only one power source needs to be started, the working efficiency is also improved to a certain extent.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide piece is in guiding cooperation with the outer side surface of the hollow shaft. The guide piece and the hammer core are respectively located on the outer side and the inner side of the hollow shaft and are relatively far apart, thereby avoiding interference between the two during the up and down movement.

[0011] Furthermore, there are two guide frames, each symmetrically positioned at the edge of the guide disc and relative to the hammer core. The guide members at the lower ends of the guide frames are guide wheels. The provision of two guide frames further stabilizes the upward and downward movement of the guide disc. The use of guide wheels offers the advantage of smoother and more stable movement, reducing the risk of the guide members becoming stuck in the inclined and straight guide rails.

[0012] Furthermore, an energy storage device is provided between the guide disc and the top wall of the main frame. As the guide disc ascends and descends, the energy storage device is compressed to store energy. As the guide disc drives the hammer core downward, in addition to the weight of the hammer core, there is also a reaction force provided by the energy storage device. This results in a greater impact force on the drill bit, resulting in a better impact drilling effect.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy storage device is a mechanical spring or a gas spring, and the number of the mechanical springs or gas springs is two. The two mechanical springs or gas springs are arranged on the edge of the guide plate and are symmetrical with respect to the hammer core.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer edge of the guide plate contacts the side wall of the main frame, and the edge of the guide plate and the side wall of the main frame are provided with matching anti-rotation structures, or only the side wall of the main frame is provided with a anti-rotation structure to prevent the guide plate from rotating during the up and down movement.

[0015] Furthermore, the anti-rotation structure includes a protrusion provided on the edge of the guide plate and a corresponding groove provided on the side wall of the main frame, wherein the groove extends in the vertical direction. The protrusion and the groove have the advantage of firm fit.

[0016] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor is small in size and light in weight.

[0017] Furthermore, the small gear and the large gear are connected to each other through meshing, which provides a constant transmission ratio, high stability, and accurate and reliable motion transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary impact composite drilling device of the present invention. Figure 1 (The guide frame is in the middle position of the inclined guide rail);

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary impact composite drilling device of the present invention. Figure 2 (The guide frame is at the bottom of the inclined guide rail);

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary impact composite drilling device of the present invention. Figure 3 (The guide frame is at the top of the inclined guide rail);

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the guide frame and the upper end face guide cooperation of the hollow shaft.

[0023] Numbers in the figure: 1. Main frame; 2. Hollow shaft; 3. Hydraulic motor; 4. Drill bit; 5. Large gear; 6. Reducer; 7. Small gear; 8. Guide plate; 9. Hammer core; 10. Hammer head; 11. Guide frame; 12. Guide wheel; 13. Inclined guide rail; 14. Straight guide rail; 15. Mechanical spring; 16. Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0025] Specific embodiments of the rotary percussion composite drilling device provided by the present invention:

[0026] Rotary impact composite drilling device, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the device includes a main frame 1, a hollow shaft 2 extending up and down is provided in the middle of the main frame 1, a drill bit 4 is sleeved on the lower end of the hollow shaft 2, and a large gear 5 is sleeved on the radial outer side of the hollow shaft 2 through a key sleeve. The rotary impact compound drilling device also includes hydraulic motors 3 as a driving mechanism symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow shaft 2, and the lower parts of the two hydraulic motors 3 are connected to reducers 6. The output ends of the two reducers 6 are each provided with a small gear 7. The two small gears 7 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the large gear 5 and are transmission-connected to the large gear 5. Specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the small gear 7 and the large gear 5 are connected by meshing. The meshing transmission has a constant transmission ratio, high stability, and accurate and reliable motion transmission. In other embodiments, the small gear and the large gear can also be connected by a gear belt transmission. When the hydraulic motor 3 is started, the hollow shaft 2 is driven to rotate through the gear transmission, and the hollow shaft 2 drives the drill bit 4 to rotate to achieve rotary drilling.

[0027] In this embodiment, the hydraulic motor 3 is used as the driving mechanism. The hydraulic motor 3 is small in size and light in weight. In other embodiments, other types of motors or electric motors can also be used as the driving mechanism.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the upper guide of the hollow shaft 2 is provided with an impactor. Specifically, the impactor includes a horizontally arranged guide plate 8 and a hammer core 9 arranged in the middle of the guide plate 8 and extending downward. The hammer core 9 passes through the hollow shaft 2. The lower end of the hammer core 9 has a hammer head 10. The guide plate 8 is provided with a guide frame 11 extending up and down. There are two guide frames 11. The two guide frames 11 are arranged at the edge of the guide plate 8 and are symmetrical with respect to the hammer core 9. The lower end of the guide frame 11 has a guide wheel 12. The guide wheel 12 serves as a guide member for guiding and cooperating with the outer side surface of the hollow shaft 2.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the outer side surface of the hollow shaft 2 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of inclined guide rails 13 extending from bottom to top, and the top of each inclined guide rail 13 is connected to the bottom end of the adjacent inclined guide rail 13 through a straight guide rail 14 extending vertically in a cliff-like manner. When the hollow shaft 2 drives the drill bit 4 to rotate and drill, it drives the guide wheel 12 to move upward to the top of the inclined guide rail 13. The upward guide wheel 12 drives the hammer core 9 to move upward to a higher position. After reaching the top of the inclined guide rail 13, the guide wheel 12 falls freely from the straight guide rail 14, and the hammer core 9 moves downward through the hammer head 10 at the lower end to drill. The head 4 completes an impact, and the stroke of the inclined guide rail 13 and the straight guide rail 14 meets the requirement that the hammer head 10 can contact and impact the drill bit 4 when the hammer core 9 descends to the bottom end. In order to avoid the left and right swing of the hammer core 9 during the downward process, in this embodiment, the side of the hammer head 10 contacts the inner side wall of the hollow shaft 2, so that the impact effect of the hammer head 10 on the drill bit 4 is better. During the cyclic rotation of the hollow shaft 2, the drill bit 4 continuously realizes drilling, and the hammer core 9 continuously impacts the drill bit 4 during the reciprocating upward and downward process to achieve impact drilling.

[0030] In this embodiment, the guide wheel 12 is in guiding cooperation with the outer side surface of the hollow shaft 2. In this way, the guide wheel 12 and the hammer core 9 are respectively located on the outer side and the inner side of the hollow shaft 2, and are far apart, thereby avoiding interference between the two during the up and down movement. In other embodiments, the guide wheel 12 can also be in guiding cooperation with the inner side surface of the hollow shaft 2. Of course, it can also be as follows Figure 5 As shown, the guide wheel 12 is in guiding engagement with the upper end face of the hollow shaft 2 .

[0031] In this embodiment, there are two guide frames 11. The two guide frames 11 are arranged at the edge of the guide plate 8 and are symmetrical with respect to the hammer core 9. The guide member at the lower end of the guide frame 11 is a guide wheel 12. The arrangement of the two guide frames 11 makes the upward and downward movement of the guide plate 8 more stable. The advantage of using the guide wheel 12 is that the guide wheel 12 moves more smoothly and stably, reducing the risk of the guide member being stuck in the inclined guide rail 13 and the straight guide rail 14. In other embodiments, the number of guide frames can also be three or adjusted according to actual needs; the guide member can also be a guide block instead of a guide wheel.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the outer edge of the guide plate 8 contacts the side wall of the main frame 1, and a rotation-stopping structure is provided on the side wall of the main frame 1. Specifically, the rotation-stopping structure is a screw 16. The screw 16 has the advantages of simple structure and convenient setting. The rotation-stopping structure is used to prevent the guide plate 8 from rotating during the up and down movement. In other embodiments, a matching rotation-stopping structure can also be provided on the edge of the guide plate 8 and the side wall of the main frame 1. Specifically, a protrusion can be provided on the edge of the guide plate 8, and a strip groove extending up and down and cooperating with the protrusion guide can be provided on the side wall of the main frame 1, which can also prevent the guide plate 8 from rotating. The number of protrusions can be set according to actual needs.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an energy storage device is further provided between the guide plate 8 and the top wall of the main frame 1. The energy storage device is compressed to store energy during the upward and downward movement of the guide plate 8. In the process of the guide plate 8 driving the hammer core 9 to fall, in addition to the gravity of the hammer core 9, there is also a reaction force provided by the energy storage device. The hammer core 9 provides a greater impact force on the drill bit 4, and the impact drilling effect of the drill bit 4 is better. Specifically, the energy storage device is a mechanical spring 15. There are two mechanical springs 15. The two mechanical springs 15 are arranged at the edge of the guide plate 8 and are symmetrical with respect to the hammer core 9. The mechanical springs 15 are easy to set up and have low cost. In other embodiments, the number of mechanical springs can also be adjusted according to actual needs. Of course, in other embodiments, the energy storage device can also be a gas spring.

[0034] The working principle of the rotary impact composite drilling device of the present invention is: when performing rock drilling operations, especially drilling operations in complex rock formations, the hydraulic motor 3 is started, and the hollow shaft 2 is driven to rotate cyclically through the transmission cooperation of the small gear 7 and the large gear 5 on the reducer 6, and the lower end of the hollow shaft 2 drives the drill bit 4 to rotate to realize rotary drilling. At the same time, the guide wheel 12 of the upper guide cooperation of the hollow shaft 2 is driven by the hollow shaft 2, and moves up to the top along the inclined guide rail 13 and drives the hammer core 9 to a higher position through the guide plate 8. When the guide plate 8 moves up, it compresses two mechanical springs 15. The mechanical springs 15 store elastic force, and the anti-rotation structure limits the guide plate 8 in the circumferential direction to prevent the guide plate 8 from rotating. Then, the guide wheel 12 moves along the cliff-like straight guide rail 14 descends to the bottom end of the adjacent inclined guide rail 13, and the hammer core 9 in a higher position accelerates to fall under the combined action of the reaction force of the mechanical spring 15 and its own gravity. The hammer head 10 at the lower end of the hammer core 9 completes an impact on the drill bit 4. During the cyclic rotation of the hollow shaft 2, the drill bit 4 continuously realizes drilling, and the hammer core 9 continuously impacts the drill bit 4 during the reciprocating upward and downward process. Compared with the prior art, the drilling device provided by the present invention realizes the composite operation of rotary drilling and impact drilling of the drill bit 4 by only controlling the rotation of the hollow shaft 2 with a power source, has low energy consumption, simple mechanism principle in the whole device, low manufacturing, maintenance and use costs, and at the same time, since only one power source needs to be started, the working efficiency is also improved to a certain extent.

Claims

1. Rotary impact composite drilling device, characterized by: The main frame includes a hollow shaft extending up and down and a driving mechanism symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow shaft. The lower end of the hollow shaft is fitted with a drill bit, and a large gear is fitted on the radial outer side of the hollow shaft through a key sleeve. Reducers are connected below the two driving mechanisms. The output ends of the two reducers are provided with small gears. The two small gears are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the large gear and are connected to the large gear. When the driving mechanism is started, the hollow shaft is driven to rotate through the gear transmission, thereby realizing rotary drilling of the drill bit. The upper guide of the hollow shaft is provided with an impactor, and the impactor includes a horizontally arranged guide plate and a hammer core arranged in the middle of the guide plate and extending downward through the hollow shaft, and the lower end of the hammer core is provided with a hammer head, and a downwardly extending guide frame is provided on the guide plate at the outer side of the hammer core, and the lower end of the guide frame is provided with a guide piece, and the guide piece is guided and matched with the outer side surface, inner side surface or upper end surface of the hollow shaft, and the outer side surface, inner side surface or upper end surface of the hollow shaft is circumferentially arranged with a plurality of inclined guide rails extending from bottom to top, and the top end of each inclined guide rail is connected to the bottom end of the adjacent inclined guide rails through a cliff-like vertically extending straight guide rail, so that the hollow shaft drives the drill bit to rotate and drill, and drives the guide piece to move upward to the top end of the inclined guide rail and drives the hammer core upward, and the guide piece falls freely from the straight guide rail, and the hammer core moves downward to impact the drill bit through the hammer head; The travel of the inclined guide rail and the straight guide rail meets the requirement that the hammer head can contact and impact the drill bit when the hammer core descends to the bottom end; The guide piece is in guiding cooperation with the outer side surface of the hollow shaft; There are two guide frames, which are arranged at the edge of the guide plate and are symmetrical with respect to the hammer core. The guide members at the lower ends of the guide frames are guide wheels. The outer edge of the guide plate contacts the side wall of the main frame, and the edge of the guide plate and the side wall of the main frame are provided with matching anti-rotation structures, or only the side wall of the main frame is provided with an anti-rotation structure to prevent the guide plate from rotating during the up and down movement; The anti-rotation structure includes a protrusion arranged on the edge of the guide plate and a corresponding groove arranged on the side wall of the main frame, and the groove extends in the up-down direction.

2. The rotary percussion composite drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An energy storage device is provided between the guide plate and the top wall of the main frame.

3. The rotary percussion composite drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage device is a mechanical spring or a gas spring. There are two mechanical springs or gas springs. The two mechanical springs or gas springs are arranged on the edge of the guide plate and are symmetrical with respect to the hammer core.

4. The rotary percussion composite drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is an electric motor or a hydraulic motor.

5. The rotary percussion composite drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small gear and the large gear are connected in transmission through meshing.

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