A wind turbine emergency self-generating system and emergency self-generating method

Abstract

The invention discloses an emergency self-generating system for a wind turbine, comprising a micro-generator and a frequency conversion module electrically connected thereto, and a transmission sleeve fixed on the high-speed shaft of the unit. The micro-generator is connected to the frame of the unit through an elastic bracket, the elastic bracket is connected to an electromagnetic switch, a transmission disc is fixed on the extended rotating shaft of the micro-generator, and the elastic bracket drives the transmission disc on the micro-generator to separate and closely contact with the transmission sleeve when the electromagnetic switch is turned on and off, so that the transmission disc rotates with the rotation of the high-speed shaft when the two are in close contact, thereby realizing the generation of electricity by the micro-generator; the frequency conversion module receives the electric energy of the micro-generator and transmits it to the self-use power line of the unit, and receives the command of the main control system of the unit to control the on and off of the electromagnetic switch. A method for emergency self-generating of a wind turbine is also disclosed. The invention utilizes the energy absorbed by the slight deflection of the blades, converts it into electric energy through the micro-generator, improves the self-sustaining ability of the unit under power-off conditions, and has a simple structure, low cost and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of emergency power generation of wind turbines, and in particular to an emergency self-generating system and an emergency self-generating method of a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] As the wind power industry continues to increase its requirements for wind turbine reliability, the ability of wind turbines to maintain themselves after external power supply lines are interrupted has gradually become an indispensable design requirement for wind turbines. When a wind turbine is not generating electricity, on the one hand, it is necessary to use environmental control devices (such as heaters, cooling systems, dehumidification devices, ventilation and filtration devices, etc.) to control the internal environment of the wind turbine. On the other hand, the main control system of the wind turbine and various intelligent monitoring devices need to communicate with the outside world, exchange data and instructions, etc., all of which require electrical energy to maintain.

[0003] There are two common methods for wind turbines to deal with the above problems: 1) Add a self-contained power storage device to the unit to improve the power storage capacity to extend the self-sustaining time of the unit after the external power supply is cut off. However, this method only uses the technical means of increasing the self-contained power storage device of the unit and expanding the capacity, which not only requires a large amount of space to store the energy storage device and related protection equipment, but also increases the difficulty of maintenance, resulting in a significant increase in the cost of the unit. More importantly, with the current technical level of the wind power industry, the self-sustaining time of the unit can only be maintained for no more than 3 days. 2) Set up a small power generation device (such as solar panels, small wind turbines) outside the wind turbine to supplement the power storage device of the wind turbine to enhance the self-sustaining capacity of the unit. Although this method can greatly increase the self-sustaining time of the unit in theory, since the main power generation components are located outside the cabin, they are easily affected by the external environment and reduce efficiency or fail. Especially in the high-cold snowy environment, the impeller of the small wind turbine located outside the cabin is prone to ice or freezing as a whole, and the solar panels are easily covered by snow or contaminated by dust, thus losing the power generation function.

[0004] It can be seen that the defects of the existing technology greatly affect the self-sustaining time of the unit. When the unit's self-supplied power supply is exhausted and cannot sustain itself, the internal components are easily affected by the environment, which may cause the life of the unit to be reduced, the function to be damaged or even scrapped. On this basis, the present application creates an emergency self-generating system and method for wind turbines, which can scientifically, reasonably, safely and reliably realize the emergency self-generating of wind turbines, and greatly enhance the self-sustaining ability of wind turbines under power outage conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an emergency self-generating system for a wind turbine set, so that it can scientifically, reasonably, safely and reliably realize the emergency self-generating of the wind turbine set, greatly enhance the self-sustaining ability of the wind turbine set under power outage conditions, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the self-sustaining ability of existing wind turbine sets.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an emergency self-generating system for a wind turbine, comprising a micro-generator and a frequency conversion module electrically connected thereto, and a transmission sleeve fixed on the high-speed shaft of the wind turbine.

[0007] The micro-generator is connected to the unit frame through an elastic bracket, and the elastic bracket is connected to the electromagnetic switch. A transmission disc is fixed on the extended rotating shaft of the micro-generator. When the electromagnetic switch is turned on or off, the elastic bracket drives the micro-generator to move away from or toward the high-speed shaft, thereby driving the separation and close contact of the transmission disc and the transmission sleeve, so that when the transmission disc and the transmission sleeve are in close contact, the transmission disc rotates with the rotation of the high-speed shaft, thereby realizing power generation of the micro-generator;

[0008] The frequency conversion module receives the electric energy generated by the micro-generator, transmits it to the self-use power line of the wind turbine set, and receives the instruction of the main control system of the wind turbine set to control the on and off of the electromagnetic switch.

[0009] As a further improvement, the micro generator adopts a permanent magnet generator or a squirrel cage generator.

[0010] As a further improvement, the outer circumferential surfaces of the transmission disc and the transmission sleeve are both configured as rough surfaces.

[0011] Further improvement, the frequency conversion module includes a power unit connected to the micro-generator, and a control unit connected to the main control system of the wind turbine set.

[0012] The power unit is also connected to the wind turbine generator set's own power line through a switching switch;

[0013] The control unit is also connected to the switching switch and the electromagnetic switch, and is used to control the switching of the switching switch and the electromagnetic switch according to the instructions of the main control system of the wind turbine generator set.

[0014] As a further improvement, the switching switch adopts a contactor or a circuit breaker.

[0015] Further improvement, the elastic bracket includes a bracket body and a constant pressure spring, one end of the bracket body is fixedly connected to the micro-generator, the other end of the bracket body is connected to the travel drive end of the electromagnetic switch, and is also connected to one end of the constant pressure spring, and the other end of the constant pressure spring is fixedly connected to the unit frame.

[0016] As a further improvement, the elastic bracket includes two constant pressure springs, and the two constant pressure springs are respectively arranged on both sides of the bracket body to achieve a stable connection between the bracket body and the unit frame.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for emergency self-generation of a wind turbine using the above-mentioned emergency self-generation system of a wind turbine. When the emergency self-generation system of the wind turbine is started, the main control system of the wind turbine first controls the wind turbine blades to be in a small-amplitude open state, so that the high-speed shaft of the wind turbine rotates under the drive of the impeller; at the same time, the main control system of the wind turbine sends an instruction to the frequency conversion module to control the electromagnetic switch to disconnect the power supply, and the elastic bracket drives the micro-generator to move toward the high-speed shaft under the action of the rebound force, so that the transmission disk and the transmission sleeve are pressed tightly, and the transmission disk rotates with the rotation of the high-speed shaft, thereby realizing the power generation of the micro-generator; then the frequency conversion module receives the electric energy generated by the micro-generator and transmits it to the self-use power line of the wind turbine, thereby realizing the emergency self-generation of the wind turbine.

[0018] Further improvement, the frequency conversion module includes a power unit connected to the micro-generator, and a control unit connected to the main control system of the wind turbine set, the power unit is connected to the wind turbine set's own power line through a switching switch; the control unit is connected to the switching switch and the electromagnetic switch, and is used to control the on and off of the switching switch and the electromagnetic switch according to the instructions of the wind turbine set's main control system.

[0019] As a further improvement, the wind turbine emergency self-generation method is applied to large megawatt wind turbines using asynchronous generators.

[0020] After adopting such a design, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The present invention arranges a micro-generator that can generate electricity as the high-speed shaft rotates near the high-speed shaft of the transmission chain inside the unit cabin, thereby making full use of the energy absorbed by the slight deflection of the wind turbine blades, converting it into electrical energy, and adjusting it into the electrical energy required by the self-sustaining functional components of the unit through the frequency conversion module, thereby improving the self-sustaining ability of the unit under power-off conditions.

[0022] 2. Through the setting of electromagnetic switches and elastic brackets, the micro-generator is flexibly and cleverly set as a movable part. The travel drive of the electromagnetic switch and the resilience of the elastic bracket are used to realize the contact and separation of the transmission disk on the micro-generator and the transmission sleeve on the high-speed shaft. Emergency power generation is achieved when in contact, and mechanical friction and loss are avoided when separated, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the emergency self-generating system.

[0023] 3. By arranging the emergency self-generating system of the wind turbine set inside the cabin, the disadvantage of arranging a small generator system outside the cabin in the prior art is avoided, the reliability of the emergency self-generating system of the wind turbine set is improved, and the cost is reduced.

[0024] 4. The wind turbine emergency self-generation method of the present invention fully utilizes the characteristics of the wind turbine transmission chain using an asynchronous generator, utilizes the unit's impeller to absorb wind energy, and adopts an emergency self-generation system built into the cabin to continuously provide power for the unit's self-generation line. The method is simple, low-cost, and highly reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The above is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the emergency self-generating system of the wind turbine set of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The wind turbine emergency self-generating system of the present invention is an improvement on a large megawatt wind turbine equipped with an asynchronous generator (doubly fed, squirrel cage type). The emergency self-generating system is arranged inside the nacelle so that when the unit is powered off or when the self-generating system needs to be started, the energy absorbed by the blades is converted into electrical energy by using the slight deflection of the blades of the unit to provide electrical energy for the unit's self-supporting electrical equipment. The specific embodiments are as follows.

[0028] Refer to the attached Figure 1 As shown, the wind turbine emergency self-generating system of this embodiment includes a micro-generator 1 and a frequency conversion module 2 electrically connected thereto, and a transmission sleeve 4 fixed on a high-speed shaft 3 of the wind turbine.

[0029] The micro generator 1 is connected to the unit frame through an elastic bracket, and the elastic bracket is connected to the electromagnetic switch 5. The transmission disc 6 is fixed on the extended rotating shaft of the micro generator 1. When the electromagnetic switch 5 is turned on or off, the elastic bracket drives the micro generator 1 to move away from or toward the high-speed shaft 3, thereby driving the separation and close contact of the transmission disc 6 and the transmission sleeve 4, so that when the transmission disc 6 is in close contact with the transmission sleeve 4, the transmission disc 6 rotates with the rotation of the high-speed shaft 3, thereby realizing the power generation of the micro generator 1.

[0030] Specifically, the micro-generator 1 adopts a permanent magnet generator, and may also adopt a squirrel cage generator. The permanent magnet generator can realize the power generation function when the transmission disc 6 rotates with the high-speed shaft 3. The transmission disc 6 adopts a cylindrical roller, which is fixed on the rotating shaft of the permanent magnet generator. The outer circumferential surface of the roller adopts a process setting of increasing roughness to ensure that there is sufficient contact friction between the transmission disc 6 and the transmission sleeve 4, that is, the energy transmitted by the transmission sleeve 4 is used to drive the rotating shaft of the micro-generator to generate electricity.

[0031] The transmission sleeve 4 is a circular sleeve of an annular structure, fixedly mounted on the high-speed shaft 3 of the unit, and its outer circumferential surface is also set by a process of increasing roughness to further ensure sufficient contact friction between the transmission disc and the transmission sleeve to ensure the power generation of the micro generator.

[0032] In this embodiment, the frequency conversion module 2 is used to receive the electric energy generated by the micro-generator 1 and transmit it to the wind turbine's own power line 7, and is also used to receive instructions from the wind turbine main control system 8 to control the on and off of the electromagnetic switch 5.

[0033] Specifically, the frequency conversion module 2 includes a control unit 21 , a power unit 22 and a switching switch 23 .

[0034] The control unit 21 is connected to the wind turbine main control system 8 , and is also connected to the switching switch 23 and the electromagnetic switch 5 , and is used to receive instructions from the wind turbine main control system 8 and control the connection and disconnection of the switching switch 23 and the electromagnetic switch 5 .

[0035] The power unit 22 is connected to the micro generator 1, and is also connected to the wind turbine self-use power line 7 through the switching switch 23. The power unit 22 has the general function of the inverter power module of the general variable frequency power generation system, and can adjust the electric energy generated by the micro generator 1 to the frequency and voltage required for the self-use of the unit, and transmit the electric energy to the self-use power line 7 of the unit through the switching switch 23.

[0036] In this embodiment, the switching switch 23 adopts a contactor or a circuit breaker to realize the on-off control of the power unit 22 and the unit's own power line 7.

[0037] In addition, in this embodiment, the elastic bracket includes a bracket body 9 and a constant pressure spring 10. One end of the bracket body 9 is fixedly connected to the micro-generator 1. The other end of the bracket body 9 is connected to the travel drive end of the electromagnetic switch 5, and is also connected to one end of the constant pressure spring 10, and the other end of the constant pressure spring 10 is fixedly connected to the unit frame. In addition, in this embodiment, the elastic bracket includes two constant pressure springs 10 arranged on both sides of the bracket body 9, and the two constant pressure springs 10 can realize the stable connection between the bracket body 9 and the unit frame, and ensure the stable movement of the micro-generator 1.

[0038] The constant pressure spring 10 adopts a tension spring, and the bracket body 9 is a movable fixed frame. When the emergency power generation system is not working, the electromagnetic switch 5 is powered on and closed, and the electromagnetic switch is in an attracted state. The bracket body 9 is subjected to the upward pulling force brought by the closing of the electromagnetic switch 5, and the micro-generator 1 connected to the bracket body 9 is lifted upward together, so that the transmission disk 6 on the micro-generator 1 is separated from the transmission sleeve 4 on the high-speed shaft 3, reducing mechanical friction and loss. In this state, the constant pressure spring 10 is in a tension state. When the emergency power generation system starts to work, the electromagnetic switch 5 is powered off, and the constant pressure spring 10 provides a rebound reset force, driving the bracket body 9 to move downward, and then driving the micro-generator 1 and the transmission disk 6 to move toward the high-speed shaft 3, which can not only make the transmission disk 6 contact with the transmission sleeve 4, but also provide pressure for the close contact between the transmission disk 6 and the transmission sleeve 4, so as to generate sufficient static friction to meet the torque required for the micro-generator to generate electricity.

[0039] The emergency self-generation method of the above-mentioned wind turbine emergency self-generation system is as follows: when emergency power generation is required, the wind turbine main control system 8 first controls the wind turbine blades to be in a small-amplitude open state, so that the wind turbine high-speed shaft 3 rotates under the drive of the impeller; at the same time, the wind turbine main control system 8 sends an instruction to the control unit 21 of the frequency conversion module 2, and the control unit 21 controls the electromagnetic switch 5 to disconnect the power supply and the switching switch 23 to close. In this way, the elastic bracket 9 drives the micro-generator 1 to move toward the high-speed shaft 3 under the action of the rebound force, so that the transmission disc 6 and the transmission sleeve 4 are pressed tightly, and the transmission disc 6 rotates with the rotation of the high-speed shaft 3, so that the micro-generator 1 can generate electricity; at the same time, the power unit 22 in the frequency conversion module 2 receives the electric energy generated by the micro-generator 1, and transmits it to the self-use power line 7 of the wind turbine, and supplies power to the self-use power equipment of the wind turbine, so as to realize the emergency self-generation of the wind turbine.

[0040] When the above-mentioned wind turbine emergency self-generating system does not need to be started, the wind turbine main control system 8 controls the switching switch 23 to be turned on, and the electromagnetic switch 5 is in the attracted state, the transmission disc 6 of the micro-generator 1 is separated from the transmission sleeve 4 of the high-speed shaft 3, that is, the transmission disc of the emergency power generation system is dissociated from the power source, avoiding mechanical friction and loss, and extending the service life of the system.

[0041] The wind turbine emergency self-generation method of the present invention is applied to large megawatt wind turbines using asynchronous generators, and is particularly suitable for offshore wind turbines using asynchronous generators. Compared with the prior art, the wind turbine emergency self-generation system of the present invention does not need to install a small generator system outside the cabin alone, nor does it need to achieve self-sustaining of the unit by expanding the capacity of the unit's power storage device, thus avoiding the shortcomings of the prior art. The method makes full use of the characteristics of the wind turbine transmission chain using asynchronous generators, uses the unit's impeller to absorb wind energy, and uses a roller-type micro-generator built near the high-speed shaft of the transmission chain in the cabin to generate electricity, continuously providing electrical energy for the unit's self-generation line, and has high reliability. At the same time, it reduces the cost of similar systems and enhances the unit's self-sustaining ability under power-off conditions.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Those skilled in the art may make some simple modifications, equivalent changes or modifications using the technical contents disclosed above, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine emergency self-generating system, characterized in that: It includes a micro generator and a frequency conversion module electrically connected thereto, and a transmission sleeve fixed on the high-speed shaft of the wind turbine set. The micro-generator is connected to the unit frame through an elastic bracket, and the elastic bracket is connected to the electromagnetic switch. A transmission disc is fixed on the extended rotating shaft of the micro-generator. When the electromagnetic switch is turned on or off, the elastic bracket drives the micro-generator to move away from or toward the high-speed shaft, thereby driving the separation and close contact of the transmission disc and the transmission sleeve, so that when the transmission disc and the transmission sleeve are in close contact, the transmission disc rotates with the rotation of the high-speed shaft, thereby realizing power generation of the micro-generator; The frequency conversion module receives the electric energy generated by the micro-generator, transmits it to the self-use power line of the wind turbine, and receives the instruction of the main control system of the wind turbine to control the on and off of the electromagnetic switch; The outer circumferential surfaces of the transmission disc and the transmission sleeve are both set as rough surfaces; The elastic bracket includes a bracket body and a constant pressure spring, one end of the bracket body is fixedly connected to the micro-generator, the other end of the bracket body is connected to the travel driving end of the electromagnetic switch, and is also connected to one end of the constant pressure spring, and the other end of the constant pressure spring is fixedly connected to the unit frame; and the elastic bracket includes two constant pressure springs, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the bracket body to achieve a smooth connection between the bracket body and the unit frame.

2. The wind turbine emergency self-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro generator is a permanent magnet generator or a squirrel cage generator.

3. The wind turbine emergency self-generation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The frequency conversion module includes a power unit connected to the micro-generator and a control unit connected to the main control system of the wind turbine. The power unit is also connected to the wind turbine generator set's own power line through a switching switch; The control unit is also connected to the switching switch and the electromagnetic switch, and is used to control the switching of the switching switch and the electromagnetic switch according to the instructions of the main control system of the wind turbine generator set.

4. The wind turbine emergency self-generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switching switch is a contactor or a circuit breaker.

5. A method for emergency self-generation of wind turbines using the wind turbine emergency self-generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When the emergency self-generating system of the wind turbine set is started, the main control system of the wind turbine set first controls the wind turbine blades to be in a small-amplitude open state, so that the high-speed shaft of the wind turbine set rotates driven by the impeller; at the same time, the main control system of the wind turbine set sends an instruction to the frequency conversion module to control the electromagnetic switch to disconnect the power supply, and the elastic bracket drives the micro-generator to move toward the high-speed shaft under the action of the rebound force, so that the transmission disc and the transmission sleeve are pressed tightly, and the transmission disc rotates with the rotation of the high-speed shaft, so that the micro-generator generates electricity; then the frequency conversion module receives the electric energy generated by the micro-generator and transmits it to the self-use power line of the wind turbine set, so as to realize the emergency self-generating of the wind turbine set.

6. The method for emergency self-generation of wind turbines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The frequency conversion module includes a power unit connected to the micro-generator and a control unit connected to the main control system of the wind turbine set. The power unit is connected to the wind turbine set's own power line through a switching switch; the control unit is connected to the switching switch and the electromagnetic switch, and is used to control the switching of the switching switch and the electromagnetic switch according to the instructions of the main control system of the wind turbine set.

7. The method for emergency self-generation of wind turbines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wind turbine set emergency self-generation method is applied to a large megawatt wind turbine set using an asynchronous generator.

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