A flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole and per phase and an electric machine

Abstract

A flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole per phase and a motor belong to the technical field of motors. The winding structure includes a three-phase winding structure distributed in at least 4 winding layers, and each phase winding structure is composed of 3 winding branches; the starting ends of the 3 winding branches are all distributed in three adjacent and continuous stator slots, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are all distributed in three adjacent and continuous stator slots; both sides of each winding element of the winding branch are alternately distributed in odd winding layers and even winding layers. The motor includes the above-mentioned winding structure. The present invention is convenient for realizing automatic wire insertion, convenient for connection, simplifies the wire connection process, is convenient for connecting each winding branch by means of a common bus bar, and can meet the balance of each winding branch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole per phase and a motor. Background Art

[0002] In the long run, miniaturization and high speed will be the main development trends of new energy vehicle motors, and miniaturization necessarily requires a substantial increase in the power density of motors. Flat copper wire windings can increase the slot fill factor of motors, thereby reducing the resistance value and the thermal resistance between the winding and the iron core, thus enhancing the power density of motors.

[0003] The difference between a flat copper wire motor and a round copper wire motor lies in the cross-sectional area and forming method of the copper wire. The flat wire is beneficial to the improvement of the slot fill factor of the motor, enhancing the power and torque density of the motor. At the same time, the flat copper wire also has its limitations, that is, the number of series turns of each phase winding has few options. This is because when the number of slots and the number of conductors per slot of a flat copper wire motor are determined, the number of series turns of each phase winding can only be adjusted through the number of parallel branches. To meet the balance of each branch, the number of parallel branches is also limited by the number of slots, the number of pole pairs, and the number of conductors per slot. In addition, in order to improve the vibration and noise of the motor, it is desirable to make the number of slots per pole per phase of the motor as large as possible, but at the same time, it is also necessary to increase the number of branches of the winding to match better motor output performance.

[0004] The invention patent application CN201911000279.2 discloses a 72-slot 6-layer flat copper wire hybrid winding structure and a motor applying this winding structure, and specifically discloses that the winding structure includes a three-phase hybrid winding structure distributed in at least 6 winding layers. Each phase of the hybrid winding structure is composed of 2 winding branches, and each winding branch is composed of a plurality of winding elements evenly distributed in each winding layer, and adjacent winding elements are alternately distributed in the same slot and adjacent slots. This winding structure is only applicable to winding 72 stator slots, and each phase winding branch is 2. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole per phase and a motor. Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, it is convenient to connect each winding branch with a common bus bar, which is convenient for realizing automatic wire insertion, easy to connect, and simplifies the wire connection process.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention relates to a flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole per phase, including a three-phase winding structure distributed in at least 4 winding layers. Each phase winding structure consists of 3 winding branches. The starting ends of the 3 winding branches are all distributed in three adjacent and consecutive stator slots, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are all distributed in three adjacent and consecutive stator slots. The two sides of each winding element of the winding branch are alternately distributed in odd-numbered winding layers and even-numbered winding layers.

[0008] The present invention can wind a flat copper wire winding based on a structure with 3 slots per pole per phase, such as 72 stator slots and 8 poles; or 144 stator slots and 16 poles. In the above technical solution, the two sides of the winding elements of each winding branch are alternately distributed in odd-numbered and even-numbered winding layers, and the starting end or the terminal end of the winding branch is distributed in adjacent and consecutive stator slots, which can satisfy the balance of each branch winding.

[0009] Preferably, the starting ends of the 3 winding branches are connected in parallel with each other, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are connected in parallel with each other. The starting ends of the 3 winding branches and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are connected through a common bus bar.

[0010] Preferably, the winding elements in the winding branch are distributed in 2N winding layers, where N≥2.

[0011] Preferably, the lead wire end of the winding branch is located in the innermost winding layer or the outermost winding layer.

[0012] Preferably, the lead wire end of the winding branch is a U-shaped wire.

[0013] Preferably, the lead wire end of the winding branch includes 4 pitches, and the pitches are 8, 9, 10, and 11 respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the pitches of the welding ends of the winding branch are equal.

[0015] Preferably, the winding elements in each winding branch are distributed in the odd-numbered and even-numbered winding layers of 1 stator slot under the first N pole, and at the same time are distributed in the odd-numbered and even-numbered winding layers of an adjacent stator slot or a stator slot separated by 1 stator slot under the first S pole. According to this rule, a winding branch is formed in a cycle.

[0016] A motor includes the aforementioned flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole per phase.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The flat copper wire winding structure and the motor of the present invention with 3 slots per pole per phase can satisfy the balance of each branch, can be applicable to a structure with 3 slots per pole per phase; is convenient for realizing automatic wire insertion, and is convenient for connecting each winding branch by means of a common bus bar. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 This is a developed schematic diagram of a flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole per phase in the present invention. In the figure, a 72-slot 6-layer winding is taken as an example;

[0020] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the connection of the first winding branch of the flat copper wire in phase U in

[0021] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the connection of the second winding branch of the flat copper wire in phase U in

[0022] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the connection of the third winding branch of the flat copper wire in phase U in Specific embodiments

[0023] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in combination with the attached drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0024] A flat copper wire winding structure of the present invention with 3 slots per pole per phase includes a three-phase winding structure distributed in at least 4 layers of winding layers. Each phase winding structure is composed of 3 winding branches. The starting ends of the 3 winding branches are all distributed in three adjacent and continuous stator slots, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are all distributed in three adjacent and continuous stator slots. Both sides of each winding element of the winding branch are alternately distributed in odd-numbered winding layers and even-numbered winding layers. The starting ends of the 3 winding branches are connected in parallel with each other, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are connected in parallel with each other. The starting ends of the 3 winding branches and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are connected through a common bus bar. Among them, the winding elements in the winding branch are distributed in 2N layers of winding layers, N≥2, and can be distributed in 4 layers, 6 layers, 8 layers, etc. of winding layers.

[0025] Each winding branch includes a lead-out end and a welding end. The lead-out end of the winding branch is a U-shaped wire, which includes 4 pitches, and the pitches are 8, 9, 10, and 11 respectively. The lead-out end of the winding branch is located in the innermost winding layer or the outermost winding layer. When the lead-out end is located in the outermost winding layer, it is convenient to connect each winding branch by means of a common bus bar. In addition, the pitches of the welding ends of the winding branch are equal, which is convenient for realizing automatic wire insertion.

[0026] During winding, the winding elements in each winding branch are distributed in all odd and even winding layers of 1 stator slot under the first N pole, and at the same time are distributed in all odd and even winding layers of adjacent stator slots or stator slots separated by 1 stator slot under the first S pole, and a winding branch is formed by cycling according to this rule. Or, the winding elements in each winding branch are distributed in the odd or even winding layer of 1 stator slot under the first N pole, and at the same time are distributed in the odd or even winding layer of adjacent stator slots or stator slots separated by 1 stator slot under the first S pole, and a winding branch is formed by cycling according to this rule.

[0027] Figures 1-4 An example of the three-phase winding structure distributed in a 72-slot 6-layer 8-pole winding is shown. Each phase winding structure includes 3 winding branches, and each winding branch is formed by connecting multiple winding elements. The starting ends of the 3 branches of the U phase, V phase, and W phase are arranged in 3 adjacent stator slots in sequence, while the terminals (i.e., X, Y, Z) of the 3 branches of the U phase, V phase, and W phase are arranged in 3 adjacent stator slots in sequence. Taking the U phase as an example, the 3 branches of the U phase include 3 starting ends and 3 terminals. The 3 starting ends U1, U2, U3 are arranged in adjacent stator slots in sequence, and the 3 terminals X1, X2, X3 are arranged in adjacent stator slots in sequence. The same is true for the V phase and W phase. U1, U2, U3 are connected in parallel, X1, X2, X3 are connected in parallel, and finally they are connected through a common busbar to form the U-phase winding. To facilitate the connection of each branch through the common busbar, the star-point leads and lead-out leads of each winding branch are arranged in the outermost winding layer.

[0028] Taking the U-phase lap winding as an example (the V and W phases are similar to the U phase and will not be elaborated here):

[0029] Each winding branch of the U phase is formed by connecting 24 winding elements in series. The first winding branch winds in from the Figure 2 position of U1 in the middle and finally outputs to the three-phase center point from the position of X1. The slot numbers passed through by the series connection of the first winding branch are: 1(1) → 10(2) → 1(3) → 10(4) → 1(5) → 10(6) → 19(6) → 10(5) → 19(4) → 10(3) → 19(2) → 10(1) → 20(1) → 29(2) → 20(3) → 29(4) → 20(5) → 29(6) → 38(6) → 29(5) → 38(4) → 29(3) → 38(2) → 29(1) → 38(1) → 47(2) → 38(3) → 47(4) → 38(5) → 47(6) → 56(6) → 47(5) → 56(4) → 47(3) → 56(2) → 47(1) → 57(1) → 66(2) → 57(3) → 66(4) → 57(5) → 66(6) → 3(6) → 66(5) → 3(4) → 66(3) → 3(2) → 66(1).

[0030] The second winding branch enters from Figure 3 the U2 position in

[0031] and finally outputs the three-phase center point from the X2 position. The slot numbers passed through by the series connection of the second winding branch are: 2(1) → 11(2) → 2(3) → 11(4) → 2(5) → 11(6) → 20(6) → 11(5) → 20(4) → 11(3) → 20(2) → 11(1) → 19(1) → 28(2) → 19(3) → 28(4) → 19(5) → 28(6) → 37(6) → 28(5) → 37(4) → 28(3) → 37(2) → 28(1) → 39(1) → 48(2) → 39(3) → 48(4) → 39(5) → 48(6) → 57(6) → 48(5) → 57(4) → 48(3) → 57(2) → 48(1) → 56(1) → 65(2) → 56(3) → 65(4) → 56(5) → 65(6) → 2(6) → 65(5) → 2(4) → 65(3) → 2(2) → 65(1).

[0031] The third winding branch enters from Figure 4 the U3 position in

[0032] and finally outputs the three-phase center point from the X3 position. The slot numbers passed through by the series connection of the third winding branch are: 3(1) → 12(2) → 3(3) → 12(4) → 3(5) → 12(6) → 21(6) → 12(5) → 21(4) → 12(3) → 21(2) → 12(1) → 21(1) → 30(2) → 21(3) → 30(4) → 21(5) → 30(6) → 39(6) → 30(5) → 39(4) → 30(3) → 39(2) → 30(1) → 37(1) → 46(2) → 37(3) → 46(4) → 37(5) → 46(6) → 55(6) → 46(5) → 55(4) → 46(3) → 55(2) → 46(1) → 55(1) → 64(2) → 55(3) → 64(4) → 55(5) → 64(6) → 1(6) → 64(5) → 1(4) → 64(3) → 1(2) → 64(1).

[0032] Here, 13(2) represents the conductor position of the second layer winding in slot 13. The starting slot and ending slot numbers corresponding to the three winding branches are distributed as follows: U1 corresponds to 1(1), X1 corresponds to 66(1); U2 corresponds to 2(1), X2 corresponds to 65(1); U3 corresponds to 3(1), X3 corresponds to 64(1); U1, U2, and U3 are in parallel, X1, X2, and X3 are in parallel, and finally they are connected through a common busbar to form the completed U-phase winding.

[0033] The remaining V and W phase windings are symmetrically and evenly distributed on the circumference and are not described here.

[0034] The present invention further provides a motor, which includes the above-mentioned winding structure. The motor is used in new energy vehicles. The motor for vehicles has a high power density and a small volume, and it is easy to miniaturize the vehicle.

[0035] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The object of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments. Without departing from the said principles, any variations or modifications can be made to the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole and per phase, characterized in that, It includes a three-phase winding structure distributed in at least 4 winding layers, and each phase winding structure is composed of 3 winding branches; the starting ends of the 3 winding branches are all distributed in three adjacent and continuous stator slots, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are all distributed in three adjacent and continuous stator slots; both sides of each winding element of the winding branch are alternately distributed in odd-numbered winding layers and even-numbered winding layers. The three-phase winding structure is distributed in a 72-slot, 6-layer, 8-pole winding; the starting ends of the 3 winding branches are connected in parallel with each other, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are connected in parallel with each other; the starting ends of the 3 winding branches and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches are connected through a common busbar; each phase winding branch is formed by connecting 24 winding elements in series, and the slot numbers of the two end stator slots connected by each layer of winding differ by 9. The starting ends of the 3 winding branches of the U-phase winding structure are respectively connected to the stator slots with slot numbers 1, 2, and 3, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches of the U-phase winding structure are respectively connected to the stator slots with slot numbers 64, 65, and 66. The starting ends of the 3 winding branches of the V-phase winding structure are respectively connected to the stator slots with slot numbers 7, 8, and 9, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches of the V-phase winding structure are respectively connected to the stator slots with slot numbers 70, 71, and 72. The starting ends of the 3 winding branches of the W-phase winding structure are respectively connected to the stator slots with slot numbers 13, 14, and 15, and the terminal ends of the 3 winding branches of the W-phase winding structure are respectively connected to the stator slots with slot numbers 4, 5, and 6; the winding elements in each winding branch are distributed in the odd-numbered and even-numbered winding layers of 1 stator slot under the first N pole, and at the same time are distributed in the odd-numbered and even-numbered winding layers of an adjacent stator slot or a stator slot separated by 1 stator slot under the first S pole, and a winding branch is formed by cycling according to this rule.

2. A flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole per phase according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead wire end of the winding branch is located in the innermost winding layer or the outermost winding layer.

3. A flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole per phase according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead wire end of the winding branch is a U-shaped wire.

4. A flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole and per phase according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead wire end of the winding branch includes 4 pitches, and the pitches are 8, 9, 10, and 11 respectively.

5. A flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole and per phase according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitches of the welding ends of the winding branch are equal.

6. A motor, characterized in that, It includes a flat copper wire winding structure with 3 slots per pole per phase as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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