An alarm device and monitoring method for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of nuclear power plant cold source marine organism monitoring, and specifically relates to an alarm device and a monitoring method for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant, comprising: a floating column, a horizontal axis, a filter bracket, a plurality of filter screens, a plurality of alarm triggers, an alarm receiver and a torque limiter; the filter screen is installed on the filter bracket, the filter bracket is installed on the horizontal axis through a bearing, and floating columns are fixed at both ends of the horizontal axis; the alarm trigger is arranged on the filter bracket, and the alarm receiver and the torque limiter are respectively arranged on the horizontal axis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of nuclear power plant cold source marine organism monitoring, and in particular relates to an alarm device and a monitoring method for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, domestic coastal nuclear power plants have faced serious cold source problems. The cold sources mainly include aquatic plants, enteromorpha, sweet potatoes, algae, shrimps, jellyfish, red tides, fish, garbage and other marine organisms that have influxed and caused blockages in the water intakes of power plants. In order to detect cold source risks in advance, various nuclear power plants have implemented improvements in cold source system monitoring and installed underwater high-definition cameras and multi-beam sonar systems to monitor marine organisms. However, high-definition cameras are easily affected by the transparency of sea water. In sea areas with high seawater sediment content, the effective monitoring distance is only 0.5 to 1m. The multi-beam sonar system is affected by the types of marine organisms in the sea area and has insufficient recognition capabilities for small-sized marine organisms. For example, the minimum size that the sonar device installed in a domestic power station can recognize is 2.54cm.

[0003] Therefore, in view of the limitations of the above-mentioned monitoring methods, it is urgent to research and design an alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms in the open channels of nuclear power plant water intakes, so as to realize the reliable identification of the influx of marine organisms. When emergencies in the sea such as blockage of the nuclear power plant water intake occur, it can be discovered and responded to in a timely and reliable manner, thereby reducing the risk of cold source of power plant units. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to design an alarm device and a monitoring method for monitoring the number of marine organisms at the water intake of a nuclear power plant, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing monitoring methods such as underwater high-definition cameras and multi-beam sonar systems are easily affected by the transparency of the water body and the types of marine organisms, resulting in a decline in the function of monitoring marine organisms at the water intake of the nuclear power plant.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] An alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant comprises: a floating column, a horizontal axis, a filter bracket, a plurality of filter screens, a plurality of alarm triggers, an alarm receiver and a torque limiter; the filter screen is mounted on the filter bracket, the filter bracket is mounted on the horizontal axis through a bearing, and floating columns are fixed at both ends of the horizontal axis; the alarm trigger is arranged on the filter bracket, and the alarm receiver and the torque limiter are respectively arranged on the horizontal axis.

[0007] The floating column is provided with a transverse axis height adjuster to ensure that the distance between the transverse axis and the sea surface is adjustable; when the transverse axis height adjuster on the floating column is adjusted and fixed, the water depth of the filter screen remains unchanged when the alarm device fluctuates with the sea tide level, and the floating column can be fixed to the sea by an anchor or a column, and the filter screen is ensured to be perpendicular to the water flow direction.

[0008] The horizontal axis is a rod-shaped structure as a whole; there are four filters; the filter bracket includes: four filter mesh brackets, a plurality of stabilizing rings and a plurality of cams; the filter mesh bracket is arranged every 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the stabilizing ring, and the filter is divided into four filter working positions in the circumferential direction; the four filter mesh brackets are connected and fixed by a plurality of stabilizing rings; the filter is installed on the filter mesh bracket in a detachable manner, and the cams are grouped in four and installed on a certain stabilizing ring for use with one or more torque limiters; the installation position of the cam on each stabilizing ring matches the position of the filter mesh bracket.

[0009] The torque limiter includes: a torque adjustment nut, a torque limiter sleeve, a torque limiter spring, a transmission rod, and a roller; a torque limiter spring is installed in the torque limiter sleeve, and the torque adjustment nut is arranged on the top of the torque limiter sleeve and pressed on one end of the torque limiter spring; a transmission rod is arranged at the other end of the torque limiter spring; a roller is arranged under the transmission rod; one end of the torque limiter is fixed on the horizontal axis through the torque limiter sleeve, and the roller of the torque limiter is in contact with the cam; when the filter is dirty, the torque acting on the filter bracket by the filter becomes larger, so that the cam rotates radially along the axis and moves relative to the roller.

[0010] The number of the stabilizing rings is 2 to 4, and the number of the torque limiters arranged on the horizontal axis matches the area of ​​the filter.

[0011] The four filter working positions include: filter working position, filter decontamination position, filter standby position and filter secondary standby position; the filter working position is set below the water surface for intercepting marine organisms; the filter decontamination position is flush with the sea water level to achieve the cleaning of the filter; the filter standby position is suspended in the direction of incoming water, and when the filter torque of the working position exceeds the limit value of the torque limiter, the filter standby position is transferred to the filter working position; the secondary standby position is simultaneously transferred to the filter standby position.

[0012] Every time the filter rotates 90 degrees, the alarm receiver receives a signal and sends the signal to the monitoring room, which determines the number of marine organisms based on the frequency of the signal.

[0013] The type of the filter is selected according to the impurities in the water such as marine organisms in the local sea area, including: a fishnet structure, a flat plate hollow structure, a corrugated plate hollow structure, a wedge-shaped hole plate structure, or a combination of several mesh structures;

[0014] In waters with different seawater flow rates, the water resistance can be changed by changing the filter area or type; or a waterproof water retaining strip can be set on the filter to increase or decrease the water resistance of the filter, so as to ensure that the filter in the working position can be put into normal use.

[0015] The buoy is used to support the weight of the alarm device; the material of the buoy includes plastic or metal resistant to seawater corrosion, the shape of the buoy includes ship shape or cone shape, and the shape of the buoy must ensure that the filter is fixed and stable in the water and can float up and down with the seawater tide level, that is, the depth of the filter mesh in the water remains unchanged when the alarm device fluctuates with the seawater tide level.

[0016] The monitoring method of the alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at the water intake of a nuclear power plant as described above comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: After the filter is installed and put into water for operation, there is a certain amount of water resistance on the filter due to the water flow. The torque generated by the water resistance on the filter is used to fix the filter working position in a vertical position, so that the cam and torque limiter are put into operation; the alarm trigger is fixed on the filter bracket and rotates with the filter;

[0018] Step 2: When the filter is dirty, the torque of the filter acting on the filter bracket becomes larger, and the cam on the filter bracket rotates along the axis radially and moves relative to the roller. During operation, the transmission rod moves toward the axis center direction to compress the torque limiter spring. When the torque generated by the filter pressure difference is greater than the limit value of the torque limiter, the filter rotates 90 degrees, so that the working position filter originally standing under the water surface is turned to the decontamination position flush with the water surface, and the spare position filter suspended in the direction of the incoming water is turned to the working position standing under the water surface to continue to intercept marine organisms. As marine organisms accumulate, the above working process will be repeated; the torque of the torque limiter can be adjusted by rotating the torque adjustment nut;

[0019] Step 3: Every time the filter rotates 90 degrees, the alarm receiver will receive a signal and send the signal to the monitoring room. Every time the alarm device rotates one circle, the monitoring room will receive 4 signals. The monitoring room will monitor the amount of marine debris based on the frequency of the signal.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] The present invention designs a monitoring device that is not affected by water transparency and marine biological species. The device can float up and down with the seawater tide level to ensure that the device filter is effective at the interception time in the water. The present invention also has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. All parts of the device of the present invention that come into contact with seawater are made of stainless steel or other materials that will not be corroded by seawater;

[0023] 2. The entire alarm device floats above the water surface through a buoy, which can ensure the effectiveness of the device under the condition of changing seawater tide level, including the effectiveness of the underwater working filter and the cleaning of the dirty filter on the water surface;

[0024] 3. The filter screen in the present invention is installed on the filter screen mesh bracket and can be disassembled and replaced, which provides conditions for selecting different filter screens according to the types of marine organisms in different waters; when the filter screen is dirty, the filter screen pressure difference becomes larger. When the pressure difference reaches the limit value of the torque limiter, the filter screen is rotated 90 degrees, and the clean filter screen is put into use. The limit value of the torque limiter can be adjusted according to the water flow rate and the filter screen pressure difference;

[0025] 4. When the filter screen on the underwater working surface is dirty, rotate it 90 degrees to be flush with the water surface, and place the dirt under the filter screen. The dirt will be separated from the filter screen under the action of gravity and the impact of the water surface, thus realizing the self-cleaning function of the filter screen.

[0026] 5. The alarm trigger of the device of the present invention can send an alarm signal to the monitoring room according to the rotation of the filter screen, and the monitoring room determines the number of marine organisms according to the frequency of the signal.

[0027] 6. The device of the present invention overcomes the technical shortcomings of underwater high-definition cameras being affected by water quality in terms of observation distance, and multi-beam sonar systems being affected by the size of individual marine organisms. It can achieve real-time monitoring of different marine organisms, and has a higher reliability in monitoring marine organisms and other impurities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an alarm device designed for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant;

[0029] Figure 2 A right side view of the alarm device designed by the present invention for monitoring the number of marine organisms at the water intake of a nuclear power plant;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the torque limiter in the device of the present invention.

[0031] Among them: 1-floating column, 2-horizontal axis, 3-filter bracket, 4-filter, 5-alarm trigger, 6-alarm receiver, 7-torque limiter, 8-torque adjustment nut, 9-torque limiter sleeve, 10-torque limiter spring, 11-transmission rod, 12-roller, 13-cam DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0033] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the device of the present invention is used to monitor the amount of marine biological debris in an open channel. It is arranged in an open channel with flowing water. Marine biological debris and the like are attached to the filter screen of the monitoring device with the water flow, and the pressure difference of the filter screen becomes larger. When the torque is greater than the limit value of the torque limiter, it rotates 90 degrees and sends a signal to the monitoring room. The dirty filter screen is provided with a self-cleaning function, which can realize the rotation of four filter screens. For each rotation of the monitoring device, the monitoring room will receive 4 signals, and the staff can monitor the amount of marine biological debris according to the frequency of the signal.

[0034] All parts of the device of the present invention that come into contact with water are made of stainless steel or other materials that will not be corroded by seawater.

[0035] Example:

[0036] An alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant comprises: a floating column 1, a horizontal axis 2, a filter bracket 3, a plurality of filter screens 4, a plurality of alarm triggers 5, an alarm receiver 6 and a torque limiter 7; the filter screen 4 is mounted on the filter bracket 3, the filter bracket 3 is mounted on the horizontal axis 2 through a bearing, and the floating column 1 is fixed at both ends of the horizontal axis 2; the alarm trigger 5 is arranged on the filter bracket 3, and the alarm receiver 6 and the torque limiter 7 are respectively arranged on the horizontal axis 2.

[0037] The floating column 1 is provided with a transverse axis height adjuster to ensure that the distance between the transverse axis 2 and the sea surface is adjustable; when the transverse axis height adjuster on the floating column 1 is adjusted and fixed, the water depth of the filter screen 4 of the alarm device remains unchanged when the sea tide level fluctuates, and the floating column 1 can be fixed to the sea by an anchor or a column, and the filter screen 4 is ensured to be perpendicular to the water flow direction to ensure the effectiveness of the filter screen interception.

[0038] The height adjuster on the float 1 can adjust the distance between the bearing horizontal axis 2 of the device and the water surface to ensure that when the filter 4 is rotated to the decontamination position, the filter surface is flush with the water surface. The dirt intercepted by the filter is separated from the filter under the action of gravity and the impact of the water surface and flows away with the water, thereby realizing the cleaning function of the filter. When the height adjustment is completed, the position of the adjuster is fixed.

[0039] The buoy 1 is used to support the weight of the alarm device; the material of the buoy 1 includes plastic or metal resistant to seawater corrosion, the shape of the buoy 1 includes a ship shape or a cone shape, and the shape of the buoy 1 must ensure that the filter 4 is fixed and stable in the water and can float up and down with the seawater tide level, that is, when the alarm device fluctuates with the seawater tide level, the water depth of the filter 4 remains unchanged.

[0040] The horizontal axis 2 is a rod-shaped structure as a whole; there are four filters 4; the filter bracket 3 includes: four filter mesh brackets, a plurality of stabilizing rings and a plurality of cams 13; the filter mesh bracket is arranged every 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the stabilizing ring, and the filter 4 is divided into four filter working positions in the circumferential direction; the four filter mesh brackets are connected and fixed by a plurality of stabilizing rings; the filter 4 is installed on the filter mesh bracket in a detachable manner, and the cams 13 are grouped in four and installed on a certain stabilizing ring for use with one or more torque limiters 7; the installation position of the cam 13 on each stabilizing ring matches the position of the filter mesh bracket.

[0041] The torque limiter 7 includes: a torque adjustment nut 8, a torque limiter sleeve 9, a torque limiter spring 10, a transmission rod 11 and a roller 12; the torque limiter sleeve 9 is installed with a torque limiter spring 10, the torque adjustment nut 8 is arranged on the top of the torque limiter sleeve 9 and pressed on one end of the torque limiter spring 10; the other end of the torque limiter spring 10 is provided with a transmission rod 11; a roller 12 is arranged below the transmission rod 11; one end of the torque limiter 7 with the torque adjustment nut 8 is fixed on the horizontal axis 2 through the torque limiter sleeve 9, and the roller 12 of the torque limiter 7 is connected to the cam 13; when the filter is dirty, the torque of the filter 4 acting on the filter bracket 3 becomes larger, so that the cam 13 rotates along the axis radial direction and moves relative to the roller 12.

[0042] The number of the stabilizing rings is 2 to 4; the number of the torque limiters 7 set on the horizontal axis 2 matches the area of ​​the filter 4. The four filter working positions include: filter working position, filter decontamination position, filter standby position and filter secondary standby position; the filter working position is set below the water surface for intercepting marine organisms; the filter decontamination position is flush with the seawater surface to achieve the cleaning of the filter; the filter standby position is suspended in the direction of the incoming water, and when the filter torque of the working position exceeds the limit value of the torque limiter 7, the filter standby position is transferred to the filter working position; the secondary standby position is simultaneously transferred to the filter standby position.

[0043] Every time the filter screen 4 rotates 90 degrees, the alarm receiver receives a signal and sends the signal to the monitoring room, which determines the number of marine organisms based on the frequency of the signal.

[0044] The type of the filter is selected according to the impurities in the water such as marine organisms in the local sea area, including: a fishnet structure, a flat plate hollow structure, a corrugated plate hollow structure, a wedge-shaped hole plate structure, or a combination of several mesh structures;

[0045] In waters with different seawater flow rates, the water resistance can be changed by changing the area or type of the filter 4; or a watertight water retaining strip can be set on the filter 4 to increase or decrease the water resistance of the filter, so as to ensure that the filter 4 in the working position can be put into normal use.

[0046] The buoy 1 is used to support the weight of the alarm device; the material of the buoy 1 includes plastic or metal resistant to seawater corrosion, the shape of the buoy 1 includes a ship shape or a cone shape, and the shape of the buoy 1 must ensure that the filter 4 is fixed and stable in the water and can float up and down with the seawater tide level, that is, when the alarm device fluctuates with the seawater tide level, the water depth of the filter 4 remains unchanged.

[0047] The monitoring method of the alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at the water intake of a nuclear power plant as described above comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: After the filter is installed and put into water for work, there is a certain amount of water resistance on the filter due to the water flow. The torque generated by the water resistance on the filter 4 is used to fix the filter working position in a vertical position, so that the cam and the torque limiter are put into operation; the alarm trigger 5 is fixed on the filter bracket 3 and rotates with the filter 4;

[0049] Step 2: When the filter is dirty, the torque of the filter 4 on the filter bracket 3 becomes larger, and the cam 13 on the filter bracket 3 rotates along the axis radial direction and moves relative to the roller 12. During operation, the transmission rod 11 moves toward the axis center direction to compress the torque limiter spring 10. When the torque generated by the filter pressure difference is greater than the limit value of the torque limiter 7, the filter 4 rotates 90 degrees, so that the working position filter originally standing under the water surface is turned to the decontamination position flush with the water surface, and the standby position filter suspended in the direction of the incoming water is turned to the working position standing under the water surface to continue to intercept marine organisms. As marine organisms accumulate, the above working process will be repeated; the torque of the torque limiter 7 can be adjusted by rotating the torque adjustment nut 8;

[0050] Step 3: When the filter screen 4 rotates 90 degrees every time, the alarm receiver 6 receives a signal and sends the signal to the monitoring room. When the alarm device rotates one circle, the monitoring room will receive 4 signals. The monitoring room will monitor the amount of marine debris according to the frequency of the signal.

[0051] In order to improve the operational reliability of the monitoring and alarm devices, multiple sets of monitoring and alarm devices can be installed in the open water intake channel to carry out comprehensive monitoring of the open channel. In addition, the monitoring and alarm devices need to be inspected regularly, and the filter screen should be flushed and cleaned regularly with a high-pressure water gun.

[0052] The present invention is described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the field without departing from the purpose of the present invention. Any content not described in detail in the present invention can adopt the existing technology.

Claims

1. An alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at the water intake of a nuclear power plant, characterized in that: include: A floating column (1), a transverse axis (2), a filter support (3), a plurality of filter screens (4), a plurality of alarm triggers (5), an alarm receiver (6) and a torque limiter (7); the filter screen (4) is mounted on the filter support (3), the filter support (3) is mounted on the transverse axis (2) via a bearing, and the floating column (1) is fixed at both ends of the transverse axis (2); the alarm trigger (5) is arranged on the filter support (3), and the alarm receiver (6) and the torque limiter (7) are respectively arranged on the transverse axis (2); The horizontal axis (2) is a rod-shaped structure as a whole; the number of the filter screens (4) is four; the filter screen bracket (3) comprises: four filter screen brackets, a plurality of stabilizing circular rings and a plurality of cams (13); the filter screen brackets are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the stabilizing circular ring, so as to divide the filter screen (4) into four filter screen working positions in the circumferential direction; the four filter screen brackets are connected and fixed by a plurality of stabilizing circular rings; the filter screen (4) is mounted on the filter screen bracket in a detachable manner; the cams (13) are arranged in a group of four and are mounted on a certain stabilizing circular ring for use in conjunction with one or more torque limiters (7); the mounting position of the cam (13) on each stabilizing circular ring matches the position of the filter screen bracket; The torque limiter (7) comprises: a torque adjustment nut (8), a torque limiter sleeve (9), a torque limiter spring (10), a transmission rod (11) and a roller (12); the torque limiter sleeve (9) is installed with the torque limiter spring (10); the torque adjustment nut (8) is arranged on the top of the torque limiter sleeve (9) and is pressed on one end of the torque limiter spring (10); the other end of the torque limiter spring (10) is provided with a transmission The transmission rod (11) is provided with a roller (12) below the transmission rod (11); one end of the torque regulating nut (8) provided on the torque limiter (7) is fixed to the horizontal shaft (2) through the torque limiter sleeve (9), and the roller (12) of the torque limiter (7) is in contact with the cam (13); when the filter screen is dirty, the torque of the filter screen (4) acting on the filter screen bracket (3) increases, so that the cam (13) rotates along the radial direction of the shaft and moves relative to the roller (12); The four filter working positions include: a filter working position, a filter decontamination position, a filter standby position and a filter secondary standby position; the filter working position is arranged below the water surface for intercepting marine organisms; the filter decontamination position is flush with the seawater surface to achieve filter cleaning; the filter standby position is suspended in the direction of incoming water, and when the filter torque at the working position exceeds the limit value of the torque limiter (7), the filter standby position is transferred to the filter working position; and the secondary standby position is simultaneously transferred to the filter standby position; Every time the filter (4) rotates 90 degrees, the alarm receiver receives a signal and sends the signal to the monitoring room, which determines the number of marine organisms based on the frequency of the signal.

2. An alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The floating column (1) is provided with a transverse axis height adjuster to ensure that the distance between the transverse axis (2) and the sea surface is adjustable; when the transverse axis height adjuster on the floating column (1) is adjusted and fixed, the water entry depth of the filter screen (4) remains unchanged when the alarm device fluctuates with the sea tide level; the floating column (1) can be fixed to the sea by an anchor or a column, and the filter screen (4) is ensured to be perpendicular to the water flow direction.

3. An alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the stabilizing rings is 2 to 4; the number of the torque limiters (7) arranged on the horizontal axis (2) matches the area of ​​the filter screen (4).

4. The alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at the water intake of a nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The type of the filter is selected according to the impurities in the water such as marine organisms in the local sea area, including: a fishnet structure, a flat plate hollow structure, a corrugated plate hollow structure, a wedge-shaped hole plate structure, or a combination of several mesh structures; In waters with different seawater flow rates, the water resistance can be changed by changing the area or type of the filter (4); or a watertight water retaining strip can be provided on the filter (4) to increase or decrease the water resistance of the filter, so as to ensure that the filter (4) in the working position can be put into normal use.

5. An alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The floating column (1) is used to support the weight of the alarm device; the material of the floating column (1) includes plastic or metal resistant to seawater corrosion, the shape of the floating column (1) includes a ship shape or a cone shape, and the shape of the floating column (1) is to ensure that the filter screen (4) is fixed and stable in the water and can float up and down with the seawater tide level, that is, when the alarm device fluctuates with the seawater tide level, the water depth of the filter screen (4) remains unchanged.

6. A monitoring method for an alarm device for monitoring the number of marine organisms at a water intake of a nuclear power plant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: After the filter is installed and put into water for operation, there is a certain amount of water resistance on the filter due to the action of the water flow. The torque generated by the water resistance on the filter (4) is used to fix the working position of the filter in a vertical position, so that the cam and the torque limiter are put into operation; the alarm trigger (5) is fixed on the filter bracket (3) and rotates with the filter (4); Step 2: When the filter screen is dirty, the torque exerted by the filter screen (4) on the filter screen bracket (3) increases, and the cam (13) on the filter screen bracket (3) rotates along the axis radial direction and moves relative to the roller (12). During operation, the transmission rod (11) moves in the axial direction to compress the torque limiter spring (10). When the torque generated by the filter screen pressure difference is greater than the limit value of the torque limiter (7), the filter screen (4) rotates 90 degrees, so that the working position filter screen originally standing under the water surface is rotated to the decontamination position flush with the water surface, and the standby position filter screen suspended in the direction of the incoming water is rotated to the working position standing under the water surface to continue to intercept marine organisms. As marine organisms accumulate, the above working process will be repeated; the torque of the torque limiter (7) can be adjusted by rotating the torque adjustment nut (8); Step 3: When the filter (4) rotates 90 degrees, the alarm receiver (6) receives a signal and sends the signal to the monitoring room. When the alarm device rotates one circle, the monitoring room will receive 4 signals. The monitoring room will monitor the amount of marine debris based on the frequency of the signal.

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