A gasification combustion furnace

Abstract

The present application provides a gasification combustion furnace, comprising: a furnace body, a feeding device arranged above the furnace body, and an ash discharging device arranged below the furnace body; an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the furnace body, a grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, an oxidation zone is arranged above the grate, at least two air supply cavities are arranged in the oxidation zone along the radial direction of the furnace body, and openings are arranged on the cavity wall of the air supply cavity; each air supply cavity is connected to the air inlet through an air supply pipeline. The at least two air supply cavities divide the oxidation zone into a plurality of small oxidation zones, and the gas passes into the divided plurality of small oxidation zones through the cavity wall openings of each air supply cavity. Therefore, the raw materials in the plurality of small oxidation zones in the furnace body can be simultaneously contacted with sufficient gas, so that the combustion reaction of the raw materials is uniform and sufficient. On the one hand, more combustible gas is obtained as a reserve energy after the raw materials react, thereby improving the energy utilization rate; on the other hand, the problem of stopping and restarting the furnace due to clogging of the grate by the products of insufficient reaction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gasification processing equipment, and in particular to a gasification combustion furnace. Background Art

[0002] At present, using a gasifier to solve the problem of urban domestic waste has become a popular method of waste disposal. The gasifier uses the combustible gas generated after the domestic waste is gasified as a new energy source, which saves energy on the one hand and reduces environmental pollution on the other. In the prior art, most gasifiers use the method of supplying gas at the bottom of the grate to gasify and pyrolyze domestic waste, which is suitable for small-diameter gasifiers, and the amount of waste to be processed is relatively small, which can ensure that the waste is fully burned. However, for a large-diameter gasifier, the amount of waste processed at one time is relatively large. This gas supply method will cause uneven gas distribution in the furnace, resulting in uneven thermal reaction of the waste in the furnace body. The waste near the center of the furnace body is not exposed to enough gas, resulting in slow thermal reaction, while the waste near the side wall and the bottom of the furnace body is fully exposed to the gas and has been fully burned. Therefore, due to the problem of uneven gas distribution in the gasifier, the waste cannot be fully burned and processed, resulting in the inability of the combustion products to be discharged from the furnace body in time. On the one hand, the combustible gas after the combustion reaction of the waste cannot be fully collected, and on the other hand, because the combustion products block the ash discharge device, the thermal reaction in the furnace body stops, and the products in the furnace need to be reprocessed and burned again, resulting in an increase in workload. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides a gasification combustion furnace to solve the problem in the prior art that the garbage cannot be fully burned due to uneven gas distribution in the gasification furnace.

[0004] The present application provides a gasification combustion furnace, comprising: a furnace body, a feeding device arranged above the furnace body and an ash discharging device below the furnace body; an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the furnace body, a grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, an oxidation zone is arranged above the grate, at least two air supply cavities are arranged radially along the furnace body in the oxidation zone, and openings are arranged on the cavity wall of the air supply cavity; each air supply cavity is connected to the air inlet through an air supply pipe.

[0005] Optionally, the air supply cavity is an annular cavity or a polygonal cavity.

[0006] Optionally, the radial cross-section of the air supply cavity includes at least one of a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a polygon or a combination of multiple curves.

[0007] Optionally, the top of the air supply cavity is bent toward the center of the furnace body.

[0008] Optionally, the air supply cavity is a columnar lattice structure.

[0009] Optionally, the at least two air supply cavities include: a central air supply cavity and an outer air supply cavity arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body; the central air supply cavity is arranged as a columnar cavity, and the columnar cavity includes a columnar cavity side wall; the outer air supply cavity includes the furnace body side wall and the columnar cavity side wall.

[0010] Optionally, at least one intermediate air supply cavity is provided between the central air supply cavity and the outer air supply cavity, and the at least one intermediate air supply cavity includes two layers of columnar cavity side walls.

[0011] Optionally, the opening is arranged on the side wall of the columnar cavity, and during operation, the gas passes through the opening into the oxidation zone.

[0012] Optionally, the opening is a circular hole or an elliptical hole.

[0013] Optionally, the openings are evenly distributed on the side walls of the columnar cavity and have the same pore diameters.

[0014] Optionally, the aperture size of the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity close to the connection position with the air supply pipe is smaller than the aperture size of the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity away from the connection position with the air supply pipe; or, the distribution amount of the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity close to the connection position with the air supply pipe is smaller than the distribution amount of the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity away from the connection position with the air supply pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the duty cycle of the side wall of the columnar cavity is greater than or equal to 6% and less than or equal to 70%.

[0016] Optionally, each air supply cavity is connected to the air inlet via an air supply pipe. Specifically, each air supply cavity is connected to the air inlet via a separate air supply pipe, and the gas delivery volume of each air supply cavity is controlled by the diameter of each air supply pipe or the switch valve.

[0017] Optionally, each of the air supply cavities is connected to the air inlet via an air supply pipe, specifically, all the air supply cavities share the air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is provided with a switch valve at the connection with each air supply cavity to control the gas delivery volume of each air supply cavity.

[0018] Optionally, the feeding device includes a feeding port and a feeding valve, the feeding port is connected to the furnace body through the feeding valve, and when in operation, the feeding valve is opened and the raw materials enter the furnace body through the feeding port.

[0019] Optionally, the ash discharge device includes an ash discharge box, an ash discharge valve, and an ash discharge hopper. The ash discharge box is connected to the grate, and the ash discharge valve is provided at the bottom of the ash discharge box. During operation, the reaction of the raw material in the oxidation zone is completed, the gas is discharged from the gas outlet, and the product enters the ash discharge box from the grate. When the ash discharge box stores a certain amount of product, the ash discharge valve is opened and the product is discharged through the ash discharge hopper.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0021] The present application provides a gasification combustion furnace, comprising: a furnace body, a feeding device arranged above the furnace body and an ash discharging device below the furnace body; an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the furnace body, a grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, an oxidation zone is arranged above the grate, at least two air supply cavities are arranged radially along the furnace body in the oxidation zone, and openings are arranged on the cavity wall of the air supply cavity; each air supply cavity is connected to the air inlet through an air supply pipe.

[0022] In the embodiment of the present application, at least two gas supply chambers are provided in the oxidation zone, and the at least two gas supply chambers divide the oxidation zone into a plurality of small oxidation zones. The gas supply chamber wall is provided with openings, and each gas supply chamber is connected to the air inlet through a gas supply pipe, so as to provide sufficient gas to each gas supply chamber, and then the gas passes through the openings in the wall of each gas supply chamber into the plurality of separated small oxidation zones. Therefore, the raw materials in the plurality of small oxidation zones in the furnace body can be simultaneously contacted with sufficient gas, so that the combustion reaction of the raw materials is uniform and sufficient. On the one hand, more combustible gas is obtained as a reserve energy after the raw materials react, thereby improving the energy utilization rate; on the other hand, the problem of stopping and restarting the furnace due to clogging of the grate by the products of insufficient reaction is improved.

[0023] Furthermore, in another embodiment of the present application, the top of the air supply chamber is bent toward the center of the furnace body, and the top of the air supply chamber and the cavity body have a certain slope, which is conducive to the raw materials entering the oxidation zone to fully participate in the combustion reaction and avoiding the accumulation of raw materials on the top of the air supply chamber, which causes the raw materials to be unable to fully participate in the combustion reaction or block the furnace body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the gasification combustion furnace provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the gasification combustion furnace provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a top view of the oxidation zone in the furnace body provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the side wall of the columnar cavity provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] The same reference numerals in different drawings refer to the same parts. Furnace body 1, furnace body side wall 10, air inlet 11, air outlet 12, oxidation zone 13, central air supply cavity 131, outer air supply cavity 132, middle air supply cavity 133, grate 14;

[0029] Feeding device 2, feeding port 21, feeding valve 22;

[0030] Ash discharging device 3, ash discharging box 31, ash discharging valve 32, ash discharging hopper 33. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Many specific details are described in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0032] The present application provides a gasification combustion furnace to solve the problem in the prior art that the garbage cannot be fully combusted due to uneven gas distribution in the gasification furnace.

[0033] The present application provides a gasification combustion furnace, characterized in that it includes: a furnace body, a feeding device arranged above the furnace body and an ash discharging device below the furnace body; an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the furnace body, a grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, an oxidation zone is arranged above the grate, at least two air supply cavities are arranged radially along the furnace body in the oxidation zone, and openings are arranged on the cavity wall of the air supply cavity; each air supply cavity is connected to the air inlet through an air supply pipe.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, at least two gas supply chambers are provided in the oxidation zone, and the at least two gas supply chambers divide the oxidation zone into a plurality of small oxidation zones. The gas supply chamber wall is provided with openings, and each gas supply chamber is connected to the air inlet through a gas supply pipe, so as to provide sufficient gas to each gas supply chamber, and then the gas passes through the openings in the wall of each gas supply chamber into the plurality of separated small oxidation zones. Therefore, the raw materials in the plurality of small oxidation zones in the furnace body can be simultaneously contacted with sufficient gas, so that the combustion reaction of the raw materials is uniform and sufficient. On the one hand, more combustible gas is obtained as a reserve energy after the raw materials react, thereby improving the energy utilization rate; on the other hand, the problem of stopping and restarting the furnace due to clogging of the grate by the products of insufficient reaction is improved.

[0035] The following is a detailed introduction and description of the gasification combustion furnace provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the gasification combustion furnace described in the embodiment of the present application includes: a furnace body 1, a feeding device 2 and an ash discharging device 3, wherein the feeding device 2 is arranged above the furnace body 1, the ash discharging device 3 is arranged below the furnace body 1, and the ash discharging device 3 and the bottom of the furnace body 1 are separated by a grate 14. They are introduced respectively as follows.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the furnace body 1 includes: a furnace body side wall 10 , an air inlet 11 , an air outlet 12 , an oxidation zone 13 and a grate 14 .

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the air inlet 11 provides a gas inlet for the raw material combustion reaction inside the furnace body 1, and is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body side wall 10; the air outlet 12 provides a gas outlet for the combustible gas generated after the raw material combustion reaction inside the furnace body 1, and is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body side wall 10; the oxidation zone 13 provides a space for the raw material to participate in the combustion reaction, and is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body 1 and the upper part of the grate 14; the grate 14 is used to support the raw material and filter the product after the raw material is fully burned in the furnace body 1 to the ash discharge device 3.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, during operation, the supply gas is introduced into the oxidation zone 13 inside the furnace body through the air inlet 11 for the raw materials to participate in the combustion reaction. The gas generated after the reaction is discharged from the furnace body through the air outlet 12, and the slag after the reaction is filtered through the grate 14 to the ash discharge box 31.

[0040] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the air inlet and the air outlet may also be arranged at other positions of the furnace body, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0041] In order to make all raw materials in the oxidation zone have the same reaction degree when participating in the combustion reaction, the gasification combustion furnace described in the embodiment of the present application is provided with at least two air supply cavities in the oxidation zone 13 along the radial direction of the furnace body 1, and openings are provided on the cavity wall of the air supply cavity, and the air supply cavity is a columnar lattice structure, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The at least two gas supply chambers divide the oxidation zone into multiple annular oxidation zones, and provide each small oxidation zone with the gas required for the raw material to participate in the combustion reaction through the openings on the chamber wall, so that the raw materials in the entire oxidation zone can undergo a combustion reaction synchronously.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the gasification combustion furnace provided in the embodiment of the present application, specifically a schematic diagram of the first structure of the oxidation zone. The air supply cavity is an annular cavity, and each layer of the air supply cavity is a columnar lattice structure. The radial cross section of the air supply cavity is a plurality of circles, such as Figure 3After the raw materials enter the furnace body, they enter multiple annular oxidation zones separated by the gas supply cavity to participate in the combustion reaction.

[0043] On this basis, the embodiment of the present application provides a second structural schematic diagram of the gasification combustion furnace, specifically a second structural schematic diagram of the oxidation zone, such as Figure 2 As shown. The air supply cavity is an annular cavity, and the main structure of the annular cavity is a columnar lattice structure. The top of the annular cavity is bent toward the center of the furnace body. Therefore, the diameter of the cavity top opening of the air supply cavity is smaller than the diameter of the main body of the air supply cavity. A hollow truncated cone cavity with a certain slope or curvature is set between the opening of the air supply cavity and the upper end of the main body of the air supply cavity, which facilitates the raw materials to slide smoothly through the slope or curvature into the multiple annular oxidation zones separated by the air supply cavity, which is beneficial for the raw materials to fully participate in the combustion reaction. Avoid such Figure 1 The raw materials are piled up on the top of the annular cavity of the first type of air supply cavity shown, which causes the raw materials to be unable to fully participate in the combustion reaction or to block the furnace body.

[0044] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, each layer of air supply cavity is a closed annular cavity (one layer of annular air supply cavity has an air supply pipeline connected, such as Figure 3 , the annular air supply cavity 132 is connected to the air supply pipe 112), it can also be an unclosed annular cavity (each layer of the annular air supply cavity is composed of two semicircular cavities or multiple small unit cavities, and each small unit is connected to the air supply pipe), or, the air supply cavity can also be a polygonal cavity or a cavity of other shapes. Accordingly, the radial cross-section of the air supply cavity can be at least one of a circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal or a combination of multiple curves. The shape of the air supply cavity can be set to a cavity of different shapes according to the spatial size of the oxidation zone, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0045] Continue to refer Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The oxidation zone 13 includes at least two gas supply cavities, which include: a central gas supply cavity 131 and an outer gas supply cavity 132 arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body. The central gas supply cavity 131 is arranged as a columnar cavity, and the columnar cavity includes a columnar cavity side wall 131-1; the outer gas supply cavity 132 includes a furnace body side wall 10 and a columnar cavity side wall 132-1.

[0046] In addition, in order to allow the raw materials in the oxidation zone to further contact sufficient gas during the reaction process, the raw materials react uniformly and fully. In another embodiment of the present application, at least one intermediate layer of gas supply cavity 133 is further provided between the central gas supply cavity and the outer gas supply cavity, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, at least one intermediate gas supply cavity 133 includes two layers of columnar cavity side walls, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are a columnar cavity sidewall 133 - 1 and a columnar cavity sidewall 133 - 2 , and the columnar cavity sidewall 133 - 1 is closer to the center of the furnace body than the columnar cavity sidewall 133 - 2 .

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the air supply cavity is a columnar lattice structure, and the wall of the air supply cavity is provided with openings. Specifically, the side wall of the columnar cavity of the central air supply cavity, the side wall of the columnar cavity of the outer layer air supply cavity, and the side wall of the columnar cavity of the middle layer air supply cavity are all provided with openings, such as Figure 4 As shown, it shows a partial schematic diagram of the columnar cavity side wall, the openings 131-10 are circular holes, evenly distributed on the columnar cavity side wall 131-1, with the same hole diameter, and the duty ratio on the columnar cavity side wall is greater than or equal to 6% and less than or equal to 70%. The gas supply cavity formed by the columnar cavity side wall can ensure that the gas enters multiple annular oxidation zones evenly through the openings, ensuring that all raw materials in the multiple annular oxidation zones fully and evenly participate in the combustion reaction at the same time.

[0048] It should be noted here that the duty ratio on the side wall of the columnar cavity refers to the ratio of the area of ​​the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity to the total area of ​​the side wall of the columnar cavity.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present application, the shape of the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity can also be set to an ellipse or other shape, and the openings can also be unevenly distributed on the side wall of the columnar cavity. Specifically, the aperture of the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity close to the connection position with the gas supply pipe is smaller than the aperture of the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity away from the connection position with the gas supply pipe; or, the distribution of the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity close to the connection position with the gas supply pipe is smaller than the distribution of the openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity away from the connection position with the gas supply pipe. The gas supply cavity is supplied with gas from the air inlet through the gas supply pipe. Therefore, the gas supply amount is large near the connection point of the gas supply pipe, and a smaller distribution of openings is set on the side wall of the gas supply cavity or the aperture of the openings is reduced; the gas supply amount is small at the connection point far from the gas supply pipe, and a larger distribution of openings is set on the side wall of the gas supply cavity or the aperture of the openings is increased. This design method can better ensure that the reaction gas provided to the oxidation zone at various locations on the columnar cavity sidewall of the gas supply cavity is fully and evenly supplied.

[0050] In addition, the shape, size and distribution of the openings can also be designed in other ways, which are not listed here one by one. Any opening design method that can ensure that uniform and sufficient gas is provided to the oxidation zone through the side wall of the gas supply cavity can be applied here.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, in order to provide sufficient gas to each gas supply cavity, each gas supply cavity is connected to the gas inlet via a gas supply pipe. The first structure in which the gas supply cavity and the gas inlet are connected via a gas supply pipe is that each gas supply cavity is connected to the gas inlet via a separate gas supply pipe, and the gas delivery volume of each gas supply cavity is controlled by the diameter of each gas supply pipe or the switch valve. Figure 3 As shown, the central air supply cavity 131 is connected to the air inlet 11 through the air supply pipe 111, the outer air supply cavity 132 is connected to the air inlet 11 through the air supply pipe 112, and the middle air supply cavity 133 is connected to the air inlet 11 through the air supply pipe 113. Moreover, in order to ensure that the gas delivery amount of each air supply cavity is uniform, this can be achieved by setting the switch valve or the caliber size of each air supply cavity. Specifically, air supply pipes with the same caliber size are respectively connected to the outer air supply cavity, the central air supply cavity, and the middle air supply cavity, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown. The gas delivery volume of each air supply cavity is controlled by setting the size of the switch valve of each air supply pipeline. The outer air supply cavity is close to the air inlet, and the total amount of gas supply received is relatively large, so a smaller switch is set; the central air supply cavity is far away from the air inlet, and the total amount of gas supply received is relatively small, so a larger switch is set; accordingly, the switch valve position of the middle air supply cavity is between the above two types. In addition, it can also be achieved by setting the caliber size of each air supply pipeline. The outer air supply cavity is close to the air inlet, and the total amount of gas supply received is relatively large. Here, a smaller caliber air supply pipeline is set to connect with the outer air supply cavity; the central air supply cavity is far away from the air inlet, and the total amount of gas supply received is relatively small. Here, a larger caliber air supply pipeline is set to connect with the central air supply cavity; accordingly, the middle air supply cavity is connected to a gas supply cavity with a caliber between the above two calibers.

[0052] This type of gas supply pipeline can ensure that sufficient gas is provided to each gas supply cavity. Furthermore, the gas supply cavity passes the gas into multiple annular oxidation zones through the openings on the cavity wall, so that the raw materials in all areas of the oxidation zone receive uniform and sufficient gas to participate in the combustion reaction, reach the same reaction degree simultaneously, fully release heat and collect sufficient combustible gas.

[0053] In addition, the gas supply cavity and the gas inlet are connected through a gas supply pipeline, which can also be a second structure (not shown in the figure), in which all gas supply cavities share one gas supply pipeline, and the gas supply pipeline is respectively provided with a switch valve at the connection of each gas supply cavity, and the gas supply amount in each gas supply cavity is controlled by the switch valve. Specifically, the outer gas supply cavity is close to the gas inlet, and the total amount of gas supply received is relatively large, and a switch with a smaller gear is set; the central gas supply cavity is far away from the gas inlet, and the total amount of gas supply received is relatively small, and a switch with a larger gear is set; the switch valve gear of the middle gas supply cavity is between the above two. This gas supply pipeline ensures that each layer of the gas supply cavity has uniform and sufficient gas to provide to the corresponding annular oxidation zone, so that the raw materials in all areas of the oxidation zone receive uniform and sufficient gas to participate in the combustion reaction, reach the same reaction degree synchronously, fully release heat and collect sufficient combustible gas.

[0054] The structure of the furnace body 1 is described above. Next, the reaction in which the raw materials participate in the furnace body 1 when the gasification combustion furnace is in operation will be described.

[0055] The bottom of the furnace body of the gasification combustion furnace is an oxidation zone, which releases heat through combustion reaction, and the temperature provided to the furnace body gradually decreases from bottom to top. Therefore, when the gasification combustion furnace is working, the raw materials participate in the oxidation reaction in the oxidation zone at the bottom of the furnace body, and also participate in the reduction reaction, thermal decomposition reaction and drying reaction in the furnace body in turn. The following is a detailed introduction to several reaction processes that the raw materials participate in in the furnace body.

[0056] The first is oxidation reaction. When the temperature of the oxidation zone of the furnace body is 1200℃, the raw materials participate in oxidation reaction with oxygen in the oxidation zone to obtain CO2 and water vapor. This reaction is an exothermic reaction. When the heat released by the oxidation reaction spreads upward from the oxidation zone along the furnace body with CO2 and water vapor, the furnace body temperature decreases.

[0057] The second is the reduction reaction. When the furnace temperature reaches 900°C, the unburned raw materials react with CO2 and water vapor to obtain CO. This reaction is an endothermic reaction. Therefore, the furnace temperature continues to decrease as the CO gas spreads upward along the furnace body.

[0058] The third type is thermal decomposition reaction. When the temperature of the furnace body is 300-800℃, the unburned raw materials undergo thermal decomposition reaction to obtain combustible gas, liquid (including tar and water vapor, etc.) and charcoal. This reaction is an endothermic reaction. Therefore, the furnace body temperature continues to decrease as the combustible gas spreads upward along the furnace body.

[0059] The fourth type is drying reaction. When the temperature of the furnace is 100-200°C, the unpyrolyzed raw materials undergo a drying reaction to generate water vapor. This reaction is an endothermic reaction.

[0060] Therefore, after the raw materials enter the furnace from the feed port, they will undergo drying reaction, thermal decomposition reaction, reduction reaction and oxidation reaction in sequence. The CO, water vapor, combustible gas, etc. obtained after the raw materials participate in the above reactions in the furnace are discharged through the gas outlet for the subsequent reaction of converting combustible gas into energy.

[0061] The structure of the furnace body 1 and the types of reactions in which the raw materials participate in the furnace body are described above. The structures of the feeding device 2 and the ash discharging device 3 are described below.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the feed device 2 includes a feed port 21 and a feed valve 22. The feed port 21 is connected to the furnace body 1 through the feed valve 22. When working, the feed valve 22 is opened, and the raw material enters the furnace body 1 through the feed port 21. In the embodiment of the present application, the feed port is arranged above the furnace body, and it can also be arranged at other positions of the gasification combustion furnace, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ash discharging device 3 includes an ash box 31, an ash valve 32, and an ash hopper 33. The ash box 31 is connected to the grate 14. The ash valve 32 is provided at the bottom of the ash box 31. During operation, the raw material reacts in the oxidation zone, the gas is discharged from the gas outlet, and the product enters the ash box 31 from the grate 14. When a certain amount of product is stored in the ash box 31, the ash valve 32 is opened and the product is discharged through the ash hopper 33.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, the working principle of the raw material in the gasification combustion furnace is as follows: the heating device at the bottom of the furnace body provides heating to the furnace body. When the temperature of the oxidation zone in the furnace body reaches 1200°C, the raw material enters the furnace body through the feed port and is ready to participate in the combustion reaction. When the raw material participates in the oxidation reaction, at least two gas supply cavities are set in the oxidation zone to divide the oxidation zone into multiple annular oxidation zones, and the gas required for the raw material to participate in the combustion reaction is provided to each small oxidation zone through the openings on the cavity wall, so that the raw materials in the entire oxidation zone are synchronously burned. In addition, the top of the gas supply cavity is bent toward the center of the furnace body, which is more conducive to the smooth sliding of the raw material into the multiple small oxidation zones separated by the gas supply cavity to participate in the combustion reaction. The cavity wall of the gas supply cavity is provided with an opening, and each gas supply cavity is connected to the air inlet through an air supply pipeline. The supply gas is passed into each gas supply cavity through the air inlet and the gas supply pipeline, and then passed into each small oxidation zone through the openings in the cavity wall of the gas supply cavity. This design of the gas supply cavity improves the problem of uneven contact between the raw material and oxygen in multiple small oxidation zones and improves the reaction rate. Since the heat provided by the heating device at the bottom of the furnace body gradually decreases with the reaction from bottom to top, the raw materials participate in four reactions from bottom to top in the furnace body according to the temperature hierarchy in the furnace body, namely, oxidation reaction with a reaction temperature of 1200°C, reduction reaction with a reaction temperature of 900°C, thermal decomposition reaction with a reaction temperature of 300-800°C, and drying reaction with a reaction temperature of 100-200°C. The raw material enters the furnace body from the feed port, and first participates in the drying reaction at a reaction temperature of 100-200℃, and the reaction product is water vapor; in the second step, the raw material undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction at a reaction temperature of 300-800℃, and the reaction product is combustible gas; in the third step, the raw material undergoes a reduction reaction with the CO2 produced by the raw material that has participated in the oxidation reaction in the oxidation zone at a reaction temperature of 900℃ to obtain CO gas; in the fourth step, the raw material participates in the oxidation reaction with oxygen at a reaction temperature of 1200℃, and the gas CO2 produced by the reaction undergoes a reduction reaction with C in the raw material that has not participated in the reaction during the process of spreading to the upper side of the furnace body. The CO, water vapor, combustible gas, etc. obtained after the raw material participates in the above reactions in the furnace body are discharged through the gas outlet for subsequent reactions of converting combustible gas into energy. The slag after the raw material undergoes oxidation reaction is filtered through the grate to the ash discharge box. When there is a certain amount of slag in the ash discharge box, the reaction is over, and the ash discharge valve is opened to discharge the slag through the ash discharge hopper.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, at least two gas supply chambers are provided in the oxidation zone, and the at least two gas supply chambers divide the oxidation zone into a plurality of small oxidation zones. The gas supply chamber wall is provided with openings, and each gas supply chamber is connected to the air inlet through a gas supply pipe, so as to provide sufficient gas to each gas supply chamber, and then the gas passes through the openings in the wall of each gas supply chamber into the plurality of separated small oxidation zones. Therefore, the raw materials in the plurality of small oxidation zones in the furnace body can be simultaneously contacted with sufficient gas, so that the combustion reaction of the raw materials is uniform and sufficient. On the one hand, more combustible gas is obtained as a reserve energy after the raw materials react, thereby improving the energy utilization rate; on the other hand, the problem of stopping and restarting the furnace due to clogging of the grate by the products of insufficient reaction is improved.

[0066] Although the present application is disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technical personnel in this field may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be based on the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A gasification combustion furnace, characterized in that: include: A furnace body, a feeding device arranged above the furnace body, and an ash discharging device arranged below the furnace body; An air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the furnace body, a grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, an oxidation zone is arranged above the grate, at least two air supply cavities are arranged in the oxidation zone along the radial direction of the furnace body, and each air supply cavity is connected to the air inlet through an air supply pipeline; Wherein, the at least two air supply chambers include: a central air supply chamber and an outer air supply chamber arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body; and at least one intermediate air supply chamber is arranged between the central air supply chamber and the outer air supply chamber; The top of each air supply cavity is bent toward the center of the furnace body, so that the top of each air supply cavity and the cavity body have a certain slope or curvature; The central air supply cavity is configured as a columnar cavity, including a columnar cavity side wall; the outer layer air supply cavity includes a furnace body side wall and a columnar cavity side wall; the middle layer air supply cavity includes two layers of columnar cavity side walls; Openings are provided on the side walls of the cylindrical cavities of the central gas supply cavity, the outer gas supply cavity, and the middle gas supply cavity, and during operation, gas is introduced into the oxidation zone through the openings; The aperture of the opening of the side wall of the columnar cavity close to the connection position with the gas supply pipeline is smaller than the aperture of the opening of the side wall of the columnar cavity far from the connection position with the gas supply pipeline; Alternatively, the distribution amount of openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity close to the connection position with the gas supply pipe is smaller than the distribution amount of openings on the side wall of the columnar cavity far from the connection position with the gas supply pipe.

2. The gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial cross-sections of the intermediate layer air supply cavity and the outer layer air supply cavity are annular, and the radial cross-section of the central air supply cavity is circular.

3. The gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening is a circular hole or an elliptical hole.

4. The gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The duty ratio of the columnar cavity sidewall is greater than or equal to 6% and less than or equal to 70%. The duty ratio of the columnar cavity sidewall refers to the ratio of the area of ​​the opening on the columnar cavity sidewall to the total area of ​​the columnar cavity sidewall.

5. The gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, each air supply cavity is connected to the air inlet through an air supply pipe. Specifically, each air supply cavity is connected to the air inlet through a separate air supply pipe, and the gas delivery volume of each air supply cavity is controlled by the diameter of each air supply pipe or the switch valve.

6. The gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the air supply cavities is connected to the air inlet via an air supply pipe. Specifically, all the air supply cavities share the air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is provided with a switch valve at the connection with each air supply cavity to control the gas delivery amount of each air supply cavity.

7. The gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device comprises a feeding port and a feeding valve. The feeding port is connected to the furnace body through the feeding valve. When working, the feeding valve is opened and the raw materials enter the furnace body through the feeding port.

8. The gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash discharge device includes an ash discharge box, an ash discharge valve, and an ash discharge hopper. The ash discharge box is connected to the grate. The ash discharge valve is provided at the bottom of the ash discharge box. During operation, the raw material completes the reaction in the oxidation zone, the gas is discharged from the gas outlet, and the product enters the ash discharge box from the grate. When the ash discharge box stores a certain amount of product, the ash discharge valve is opened and the product is discharged through the ash discharge hopper.

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